南寧市2025屆普通高中畢業(yè)班第二次適應性測試英語注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanbuyforherhusband?A.Ascarf. B.Abackpack. C.Awallet.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:David,Iwanttobuysomethingformyhusbandasagift.Abackpackorascarf?Anysuggestions?M:Howaboutawallet?Thatmighteinhandy.W:Soundsgood.Hemightlikeablackone.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhenwillJudy’sswimminglessonstarttoday?A.At4:30pm. B.At4:45pm. C.At5:15pm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Judy.Doyouwanttoplaytennisafterschoolatabout4:30?W:ThatwouldbefunbutI’vegotaswimminglesson.It’susuallyat5:15butit’shalfanhourearlierthisafternoon.Ireallydon’tthinkI’llhavethetimetoplaytennistoday.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Motherandson.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:John,it’stimetogohomenow.Hurryup!M:Tenmoreminutes,please!W:Honey,it’salmostnoon.Wehavetogohomeandmakelunchforyoursister.M:Ibetshewillhangaroundwithherclassmatesafterschool.W:John,it’saquarterto12.Let’sgohomenow!4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary. B.Inabookshop. C.Inanoffice.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?W:Goodmorning!I’mlookingforsomebookstoreadinmysparetime.M:OK.Whataboutthedetectivebook?It’sourbestseller.W:That’sagoodidea.Ilikeexcitingbooks.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhydidPetermakeaphonecall?A.Tocalloffabooking. B.Todetermineaschedule. C.Tochangethetimefortravel.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,mynameisPeter.IhaveareservationforMr.Whitetonight.W:Yes.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Ineedtocancelit.Hehashadalastminutechangeforhistravelschedule.W:OK.Iwillcancelitlater.M:Thankyouverymuch.W:You’rewele.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.plainingtotheman. B.Introducingajobtotheman. C.Askingthemanforalicense.7.Whatjobmightthemantry?A.Adriver. B.Afarmer. C.Afactoryworker.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello.Thanksforingin.Whatbroughtyouhere?M:AfriendofminesaidhefoundtemporaryworkthroughyouguysandIwantedtohaveatry.Iamnothavingmuchluckinmyjobsearch.W:Well,you’veetotherightplace!Whatsortofworkexperiencedoyouhave?M:I’vemostlydonemanuallabor.Alotofworkonfarmsandsomeinfactories.Iwouldliketodosomethingelsebecausethatworkistiring.W:Doyouhaveadriver’slicense?M:Yes.W:Wecouldfindyouapositionasadeliverydriver.Weknowapanythatishiring.Howdoesthatsound?M:I’dliketotryit.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatistheman'sprojectabout?A.Biologyscience. B.Newrestaurants. C.Renewableenergy.9.HowdoesSarahfeelaboutthenewproject?A.Bored. B.Interested. C.Satisfied.10.Whatwillthespeakersdothisweekend?A.Eattogether. B.Gohiking. C.Writeareport.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Sarah,howwasyourweekend?W:Itwasgreat!Iwenthikingwithsomefriends.Howaboutyou?M:Ispentmostofmyweekendworkingonanewprojectforschool.It’sbeenkeepingmebusy.W:Thatsoundsinteresting.What’stheprojectabout?M:It’sascienceprojectaboutrenewableenergysources.We’reexperimentingwithsolarpanels.W:Wow,that’sreallycool!I’dlovetolearnmoreaboutitsometime.M:Sure,Icanshowyouourprogressnexttimewemeetup.Bytheway,haveyoutriedthatnewrestaurantdowntown?W:Notyet.Doyouwanttocheckitouttogetherthisweekend?M:Soundslikeaplan!I’lltextyouW:Great,lookingforwardtoit!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】11.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthestorm?A.ThroughTV. B.Throughherfriend. C.Throughemail.12.Whydoesthemanthinkstormsareappealing?A.Theairisfresh. B.Lightningisbright. C.Thesky’scolorsarechangeable.13.Whatdidthemanpreparefortheupingstorm?A.Food. B.Batteries. C.Flashlights.【答案】11.B12.C13.C【解析】【原文】W:Myfriendtoldmetherewouldbeastormtonight.M:YeahIreceivedanemailandjustsawthenewsonTV.Haveyoueverbeeninabigstormbefore?W:Afewtimes.Irememberonelastyearwhenthewindwassostrongthatitknockeddownafewtreesinourneighborhood.Itwasabitscary,butkindofexcitingtoo!M:Iknowwhatyoumean.Ifindstormsappealing.Theskychangescolorsbeforeastormes.W:Exactly!Doyouknowifweshouldexpectanythinglikefloodingwiththisstorm?M:Theymentionedheavyrain,soit’spossible.Doyouhaveallyouremergencythingsready?W:Imadesurewehaveflashlights,batteries,andsomefood.Howaboutyou?M:Oh,Ionlyhaveflashlights.W:Let’sjusthopethestormpassesquickly!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatisincludedinthetrainingsession?A.Adebatepetition. B.Atraininggame. C.Apracticalworkshop.15.Howlongisthetrainingsessionlikelytolast?A.Twohours. B.Threehours. C.Aweek.16.Whowillorganizethetrainingsession?A.Jessica. B.Mark. C.Theboss.【答案】14.C15.A16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Mark.Doyouhavetimetodiscussaboutsometrainingprogramsfortheteam?M:Ofcourse!W:Thebossthinksit’simportantfortheteamtoreceiveadditionaltrainingonnewsoftwaretools.Someteammembersarestillhavingtroubleusingthem.M:Yes,I’venoticedthattoo.Thesoftwarecanbeabithard.Atrainingsessionshouldbehelpful.W:Great!SoI’mthinkingoforganizingahandsonworkshop.Itwouldallowtheteamtopracticeusingthesoftwareinrealtime.M:Thatsoundsperfect.Apracticalworkshopwouldmakeiteasiertounderstandthesoftwarebetter.W:Howlongdoyouthinkthesessionshouldbe?Athreehoursession?Thatshouldgiveusenoughtimetogooverthekeyfeatures.Doesthatworkforyou?M:Twohoursshouldbeenough.I’llmakesuretheteamisavailableforthattime.Shouldwescheduleitfornextweek?W:OK.I’llsendouttheinvitationsoon.M:Thanks,Jessica!I’msuretheteamwillbenefitfromthetraining.W:You’rewele,Mark!Letmeknowifthere’sanythingelse.M:Iwilldo!Thanksagainfororganizingthis.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】17.WheredoesJohnHopfieldefrom?A.Canada. B.America. C.Britain.18.Whatarethewinners’jobsrelatedto?A.Machine. B.Medicalscience. C.Artificialintelligence.19.HowdidHintoncreateanewnetworkbasedonHopfield’s?A.Byusingadifferentmethod. B.Bytrainingputerstolearn. C.Bycollectingparticulardata.20.Howmuchdoesawinnerof2024NobelPrizeinPhysicsget?A.Halfamilliondollars. B.1milliondollars. C.2milliondollars.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】Twoearlydevelopersofartificialintelligence(AI)havewon2024NobelPrizeinPhysics.TheyareAmericanJohnHopfieldworkingatPrincetonUniversityinNewJerseyandGeoffreyHintonwhoisacitizenofCanadaandBritainworkingattheUniversityofToronto.Inthe1980s,Hintonhelpedtodevelopamethod,whichisusedto“train”puterstolearn.Later,heheadedateamattheUniversityofTorontothatwontheImageNetpetitionin2012fordesigninga“neuralnetwork”.HintonandanothertwoAIscientistsYoshuaBengioandYannLeCunwontheTuringAwardin2019.Itisthetopawardinputerscience.TheNobelmitteesaidHopfield“inventedanetworkthatusesamethodforsavingandrecreatingpatterns”.Hintonused’networktocreateanewnetworkusingadifferentmethodknownastheBoltzmannmachine.Themitteesaidthis“machine”canlearntorecognizeelementsinaparticularkindofdata.The2024NobelPrizeinPhysicsisvaluedat$1million.Itwasequallydivided.SwedishinventorAlfredNobelcreatedtheprizestohonordiscoveriesthathelphumanity.Thefirstprizeswereawardedin1901.ThewinnersreceivetheirprizesinceremoniesheldonDecember10.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AKatraKashmirValleyTrainWinterTimetableTravelingthroughtheprettySVDK(ShriMataVaishnoDeviKatra)toKashmirValleyroutehasneverbeenmoreconvenient.Thisguideoffersdetailedinformationaboutit.WinterTimetableforSVDKKashmirValleySectionTrainNameTrainNo.FromToDepartureArrivalVandeBharatSVDKSINA08:1011:20Mail/Express—SVDKSINA09:5013:10Mail/Express—SVDKSINA15:0018:20RegularTrain04483BAHLBRML10:3012:05RegularTrain04639SGDNBRML10:5512:00RegularTrain09761BAHLBDGM10:5513:00RegularTrain04667SGDNBRML14:4018:30RegularTrain04473BAHLBDGM16:2018:20Vistadome04687BAHLBDGM17:2018:35KeyHighlightsoftheTrainServices●VandeBharatExpress:Thehighspeedtrainoffersreducedtraveltimeandunmatchedfort.ItconnectsSVDKandSrinagar(SINA)injustthreehoursand10minutes.●VistadomeCoaches:ThesecoachesprovidebroadviewsofthesnowcoveredKashmirValley,makingthejourneyasattractiveasthedestination.●RegularTrainServices:TheseconnectmajorstationslikeBanihal(BAHL);Baramulla(BRML),Sangaldan(SGDN),andBudgam(BDGM),cateringto(滿足)bothlocalsandtravelers.WhyChoosetheKatraKashmirRailRoute?Thisrouteisnotjustamodeoftransportationbutanexperienceinitself.Itwindsthroughthebreathtakingterrains(地形)ofthePirPanjalRangeandofferswonderfulviewsofvalleys,rivers,andsnowcoveredlandscapes.TipsforTravelers●BookinadvanceastrainsliketheVandeBharatExpressandVistadomecoachesareinhighdemandduringthewinterseason.●Snowfallmayaffecttrainoperations,sokeepaneyeonannouncementsfromNorthernRailways.●TemperaturesintheKashmirValleycandropsignificantlyduringwinters,socarrywarmclothes.HowtoBookTickets?TicketsforthesetrainscanbebookedonlinethroughtheIRCTCwebsiteoratrailwayreservationcounters.Specialcoaches,includingVistadome,mayrequireearlybookingduetolimitedavailability.21.Whichstationseesthemosttrainsleaving?A.SVDK. B.BDGM. C.SGDN. D.BAHL.22.Whichofthefollowingisidealforscenicjourneys?A.Vistadomecoaches. B.VandeBharatExpress.C.RegularTrainservices. D.Mail/Expressservices.23.Whataretravelersadvisedtodo?A.Wearfortableclothes. B.Trytobuyticketsonline.C.Checkupdatesonweather. D.Prioritizespecialcoaches.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了KatraKashmirValley的冬季火車時間表等信息。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據時刻表From(出發(fā)站)列統(tǒng)計：SVDK：3班列車(VandeBharat及2班Mail/Express)；SGDN：2班列車(RegularTrain04639、04667)；BDGM：無列車從此站出發(fā)；BAHL：4班列車(RegularTrain04483、09761、04473及Vistadome04687)。故選D?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章KeyHighlightsoftheTrainServices部分“●VistadomeCoaches:ThesecoachesprovidebroadviewsofthesnowcoveredKashmirValley,makingthejourneyasattractiveasthedestination.(●全景觀光車廂：這些車廂能讓乘客飽覽白雪覆蓋的克什米爾山谷的廣闊景色，使旅途和目的地一樣具有吸引力)”可知，全景觀光車廂非常適合風景優(yōu)美的旅途。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章TipsforTravelers部分“●Snowfallmayaffecttrainoperations,sokeepaneyeonannouncementsfromNorthernRailways.(●降雪可能會影響列車運行，因此要留意印度北方鐵路公司發(fā)布的公告)”可知，建議游客要關注天氣方面的更新。故選C。BSeaturtlescansurvivebeingstruckbyaboat—butastheyrecover,theirshellsoftenchangeshape,bulging(鼓起)fromairbuildingupwithintheirbodies,whichmakestheanimalsunstablewhentheyswim,resultingin“bubblebuttsyndrome(泡沫屁股綜合征)”,whichpreventsturtlesswimmingordivingnormally.Typically,turtleswiththisconditioncannotbereleasedbackintotheocean.Buta“bubblebutt”maleturtlenamedCharlotteisnowswimmingmoresmoothlyattheMysticAquariuminConnecticut,thankstoaharness(挽具)builtbya3Dprinter.Ittookseveralyearsofwork,butinarecentfitting,theharnesswasmovedquicklyintoplace.“Thestaffwassuperpumped,”saysAlexPestana,asalesengineerat3DprintingpanyFormlabs.“WehelpCharlotteout!”CharlottepassedfromtheGeorgiaSeaTurtleCentertotheMysticAquarium.AmalegreenseaturtlewasgiventhenameBubbleButtatTheTurtleHospitalintheFloridaKeysshortlyafterhearrivedtherein1989.Tohelphim,theyattached2.5poundsofleadtohisshell.Thishelped,butitisn’tapermanentsolutionastheweightsmoveastheanimalsgrow.BubbleButtdiedin2022.Butbythen,effortswereunderwaytouse3Dprintingtohelpturtleslikehim.WithharnesseslikeCharlotte’s,weightscanbeaddedgraduallytoassisttheanimalstoadjust.TheTurtleHospitalcurrentlyhasaround15turtleswithbubblebuttsyndrome,accordingtoBetteZirkelbach,thehospital’smanager.“Peoplewhodriveboatsshouldobeyspeedrestrictions,manyofwhichapplyinshallowerareas,”Zirkelbachsays.“Inshallowwater,animalslikeseaturtlesanddolphinshavenowheretoescapefromboats—theycan’tdivedown.”24.Whatisthemainpurposeofthe3DprintedharnessforseaturtleslikeCharlotte?A.Torepairtheirdamagedshells. B.Toassisttheminswimming.C.Tohelpthemreducetheirweight. D.Topreventairenteringtheirbodies.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pumped”inparagraph2mean?A.Curious. B.Relaxed. C.Grateful. D.Excited.26.WhatshouldwedoaccordingtoBetteZirkelbach?A.Avoidboatspeeding. B.Buildadvancedboats.C.Protectbubblebuttturtles. D.Changeturtles’livingplaces.27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AquariumProtectsSeaTurtles’Health. B.3DPrintingEnhancesSeaTurtles’Recovery.C.SeaTurtlesBeatBubbleButtwith3DPrinting. D.BubbleButtAffectsSeaTurtles’Swimming.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要報道了一個3D打印公司新開發(fā)出的一款3D打印挽具，以幫助患有“泡沫屁股綜合征”的海龜可以正常游泳?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Buta“bubblebutt”maleturtlenamedCharlotteisnowswimmingmoresmoothlyattheMysticAquariuminConnecticut,thankstoaharness(挽具)builtbya3Dprinter.(但一只名叫夏洛特“泡沫屁股”雄性海龜現(xiàn)在在康涅狄格州的神秘水族館里游得更順暢了，這要歸功于一臺3D打印機制作的挽具)”及第三段“Butbythen,effortswereunderwaytouse3Dprintingtohelpturtleslikehim.WithharnesseslikeCharlotte’s,weightscanbeaddedgraduallytoassisttheanimalstoadjust.(但到那時，人們一直努力使用3D打印來幫助像他這樣的海龜。有了夏洛特的這樣的安全挽具，重量可以逐漸增加，以幫助動物適應)”可知，3D打印的這種挽具使海龜更順暢地游泳，其核心目的是輔助游泳。故選B項?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第二段中劃線詞下文工程師Alex的引語“WehelpCharlotteout!(我們幫助到了夏洛特)”可知，此處pumped應表達工作人員因成功安裝挽具幫助到受傷海龜，使它可以游泳時的興奮心情。故選D項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中““Peoplewhodriveboatsshouldobeyspeedrestrictions,manyofwhichapplyinshallowerareas,”Zirkelbachsays.“Inshallowwater,animalslikeseaturtlesanddolphinshavenowheretoescapefromboats—theycan’tdivedown.”(“開船人應該遵守速度限制規(guī)定，其中很多規(guī)定適用于較淺的水域，”Zirkelbach說道?！霸跍\水區(qū)，像海龜和海豚這樣的動物無處躲避船只——它們無法下潛?！?”可知，在淺水區(qū)海龜無法潛水，BetteZirkelbach建議駕船者限速，即避免船超速。故選A項?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段中“Seaturtlescansurvivebeingstruckbyaboat—butastheyrecover,theirshellsoftenchangeshape,bulging(鼓起)fromairbuildingupwithintheirbodies,whichmakestheanimalsunstablewhentheyswim,resultingin“bubblebuttsyndrome(泡沫屁股綜合征)”,whichpreventsturtlesswimmingordivingnormally.(海龜在被船撞擊后可以存活下來——但在它們恢復的過程中，它們的殼經常會變形，由于體內空氣積聚而鼓起，這使得它們在游泳時不穩(wěn)定，從而導致“泡沫屁股綜合征”，這使得海龜無法正常游泳或潛水)”以及第二段中“Buta“bubblebutt”maleturtlenamedCharlotteisnowswimmingmoresmoothlyattheMysticAquariuminConnecticut,thankstoaharness(挽具)builtbya3Dprinter.(但一只名叫夏洛特的“泡沫屁股”雄性海龜現(xiàn)在在康涅狄格州的神秘水族館里游得更順暢了，這要歸功于一臺3D打印機制作的挽具)”結合文章主要說明了海龜在被船撞擊后，會患上“泡沫屁股綜合征”，這使得它們無法正常游泳或潛水，而3D打印技術制作的挽具幫助一只名叫夏洛特的海龜恢復正常游泳，這一技術也將繼續(xù)幫助其他患病海龜。本文聚焦“泡沫屁股綜合征”及3D打印挽具的救治方案。標題需涵蓋“問題”與“科技解決手段”，故C選項“SeaTurtlesBeatBubbleButtwith3DPrinting.(海龜用3D打印技術擊敗泡沫屁股綜合征)”能很好地概括文章主旨，最適合作為本文標題。故選C。CAmongthegreatmomentsinliteraryhistoryIwishIcouldhavewitnessedisthatday,sometimeafterMay15,1886,whenLaviniaenteredthebedroomofhernewlydeceased(去世)oldersisterandbeganopeningdrawers.Outsprangpoems,almost1,800ofthem.Beforethat,EmilyDickinsonhadmerelypublishedahandfulofpoemsduringherlifetime.Jumpingtothepresent,anewmonumentalvolumeofDickinson’sletters—thefirstinover60years—givesusanengagedEmilyDickinson:awomaninconversationwiththeworld,throughchats,remarksaboutbooks,politicsandthesignaleventsofherage.WhateverDickinsonhopedforherpoems,shecouldneverhaveanticipatedhowtheywouldresonate(共鳴)withreadersorhowcuriousthosereaderswouldbeaboutherlife.ThisnewcollectionofTheLettersofEmilyDickinsoniseditedbytwoDickinsonscholars,CristanneMillerandDomhnallMitchell,who’vealsoaddedsome300previouslyuncollectedletterstothisvolumeforagrandtotalof1,304letters.TheresultisthatTheLettersofEmilyDickinsontongue...ketheclosestthingwe’llprobablyeverhavetorevealthesecretsaboutthepoet.Thefirstletteriswrittenbyan11yearoldDickinsontoherbrotherAustin.It’saboutyellowhensandpoor“CousinZebinafellilltheotherdayandbithistongue...”.Thefinalletter,byaseriouslysick55yearoldDickinson,wastohercousinsLouisaandFrancesNorcross.Inbetweenisalifefilledwithvisitors,houseworkandrecipesfordoughnutsandcoconutcakes.There’smentionofpublicfigureslikeFlorenceNightingaleandWaltWhitmanaswellastheimpactofCivilWar.Thereare1,304letters,and,still,they’renotenough.ScholarsestimatethatweonlyhaveaboutonetenthofthelettersDickinsoneverwrote.And,onthatmomentousdayin1886,Laviniaenteredhersister’sbedroomtofindandsuccessfullyburnallthelettersDickinsonherselfhadreceivedfromothersduringherlifetime.Suchwasthecustomoftheday,whichmakesthisnewvolumeofDickinson’slettersfeellikebreakingthesilenceofdeath—somethingIwanttobelieveDickinsonwouldhaveliked.28.WhichwordbestdescribesthediscoveryofthepoemsinDickinson’sbedroom?A.Satisfying. B.Inspiring. C.Astonishing. D.Interesting.29.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDickinson’spoems?A.Theywonherdominanceinpolitics. B.Theyareverypopularamongreaders.C.Theyfailtoresonatewithmodernpoets. D.Theyledtohistoricaleventsatthattime.30.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutTheLettersofEmilyDickinson?A.Thecontentofit. B.Theimpactofit.C.Thementonit. D.Thebackgroundofit.31.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Dickinsonwasproudofherprivateletters. B.Thenewcollectionisparticularlyprecious.C.LosingDickinson’sletterswasunexpected. D.ThecustomwastoblameforDickinson’sdeath.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了新出版的《艾米莉?狄金森書信集》這本書的由來、內容及作者對其的看法。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段中“Outsprangpoems,almost1,800ofthem.Beforethat,EmilyDickinsonhadmerelypublishedahandfulofpoemsduringherlifetime.(大量的詩涌現(xiàn)出來，將近1800首。在那之前，艾米莉?狄金森在她的一生中只發(fā)表過幾首詩)”可知，狄金森生前發(fā)表的詩很少，死后卻在她臥室發(fā)現(xiàn)了近1800首詩，可推理出這種發(fā)現(xiàn)是令人驚訝的。故選C項?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段中“WhateverDickinsonhopedforherpoems,shecouldneverhaveanticipatedhowtheywouldresonatewithreadersorhowcuriousthosereaderswouldbeaboutherlife.(無論狄金森對她的詩有什么期望，她都無法預料到它們會如何引起讀者的共鳴，以及讀者對她的生活有多好奇)”可知，狄金森的詩能與讀者產生共鳴，讀者對她的生活也很好奇，由此可推斷出她的詩在讀者中很受歡迎。故選B項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第四段中“tongue...letteriswrittenbyan11yearoldDickinsontoherbrotherAustin.It’saboutyellowhensandpoor“CousinZebinafellilltheotherdayandbithistongue...”.Thefinalletter,byaseriouslysick55yearoldDickinson,wastohercousinsLouisaandFrancesNorcross.(第一封信是由11歲的狄金森寫給她的哥哥奧斯汀的。信中談到了黃母雞和可憐的“表親齊比納前幾天病倒了，還咬到了自己的舌頭……”。最后一封信則是一位病重嚴重的55歲狄金森寫給她的表親路易莎和弗朗西絲·諾克羅斯的)”以及“Inbetweenisalifefilledwithvisitors,houseworkandrecipesfordoughnutsandcoconutcakes.There’smentionofpublicfigureslikeFlorenceNightingaleandWaltWhitmanaswellastheimpactofCivilWar.(在這之間是她充滿訪客、家務以及油炸餅和椰子蛋糕食譜的一生。信中還提到了像弗洛倫斯·南丁格爾和沃爾特·惠特曼這樣的公眾人物，以及內戰(zhàn)的影響)”可知，第四段主要介紹了書信集中第一封信、最后一封信的內容，以及書信中所涉及的生活瑣事、公眾人物和內戰(zhàn)的影響等，也就是書信集的內容。故選A項。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Thereare1,304letters,and,still,they’renotenough.ScholarsestimatethatweonlyhaveaboutonetenthofthelettersDickinsoneverwrote.And,onthatmomentousdayin1886,Laviniaenteredhersister’sbedroomtofindandsuccessfullyburnallthelettersDickinsonherselfhadreceivedfromothersduringherlifetime.Suchwasthecustomoftheday,whichmakesthisnewvolumeofDickinson’slettersfeellikebreakingthesilenceofdeath—somethingIwanttobelieveDickinsonwouldhaveliked.(這里有1304封信件，然而，這仍然不夠。學者們估計，我們所擁有的信件大約只是狄金森一生所寫信件的十分之一。在1886年那個重大的日子里，拉維尼亞走進她剛去世姐姐的臥室，找到了狄金森生前從別人那里收到的所有信件，并成功將其燒毀。當時就是有這樣的習俗，這使得這本新的狄金森書信集感覺像是打破了死亡帶來的沉默——我愿意相信這是狄金森會喜歡的事情)”可知，狄金森寫的信大部分已丟失，現(xiàn)在的書信集是很難得的，打破了死亡的沉默，所以作者想表達這個新的書信集特別珍貴。故選B項。DYouleanbackfromthedinnertable,feelinglikeyouphysicallycouldn’tfitanotherbite.Butthensomeoneofferspieandyoujustcan’tsayno.Scientistshavenowidentifiedtheneurons(神經元)behindthe“dessertstomach”phenomenon.Intheirstudy,scientistsattheMaxPlanckInstituteforMetabolismResearchfoundthatmicekepteatingsugarevenwhentheyshouldhavefeltfull.Investigationsoftheirbrainsshowedthatagroupofnervecells,knownastheproopiomelanocortin(POMC)neurons,becameactive.Theseneuronsreleaseachemicalcalledβendorphin,whichactslikeanaturalrewardandmakesthemicefeelgood.Asaresult,theykeepeatingsugardespitefeelingfull.Interestingly,thiseffectonlyhappenswithsugar,notwithothertypesoffoodlikenormalmealsorfattysnacks.Inafollowupexperimentwithhumans,researchersgavevolunteersasugardrinkandfoundthatthesamethinghappensinthebrainaswithmice.Thissuggeststhatthe“dessertstomach”isarealthingforbothmiceandhumans.Whydoesthishappen?AccordingtoHenningFenselau,ascientistwholedthestudy,thismakessensefromanevolutionaryperspective.Sugarisrareinnaturebutprovidesquickenergy.Ourbrainsareprogrammedtomakeuswanttoeatsugarwheneverwefindit.Thismighthavebeenhelpfulinthepastbecauseoffoodshortage,buttodayitcanleadtoovereatingandhealthproblems.Thefindingscouldshedlightontreatingobesitybyprovidingathoroughunderstandingoftheurgeforsugar,andcouldevenleadtopotentialmedicalsolutions.Developingdrugstoblockthebrain’srewardsystemforsugarmighthelppeoplecontroltheircravings(渴望).Yet,itistoosoontosaythatthefullpicturehasbeendrawn.Otherstudieshavefoundthatsignalsfromyourdigestivesystemcouldinfluencewhytherealwaysseemstoberoomforadessert.32.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bydescribinganeatingbehaviour. B.Byintroducingascientificstudy.C.Bydefiningacertainterm. D.Byparingdifferenteatinghabits.33.WhatisthemainfunctionofPOMCneuronsinthemice’sbrains?A.Tellingthebodiesthemicehaveeatenenough. B.Managingthedesireforfattyandsaltyfoods.C.Creatingarewardsystemtoencouragedieting. D.Producingachemicallinkedtopositiveemotions.34.Whydoestheauthormentionthat“sugarisrareinnature”inparagraph4?A.Toblamemodernfoodproductionforhealthissues.B.Toexplaintheevolutionarybasisofsugarcravings.C.Toparenaturalsugarwithartificialsugar.D.Towarnpeopleabouteatingtoomuchsugar.35.Whatissuggestedinthelastparagraph?A.Sugarblockingdrugsshouldbesoldonstoresrightnow.B.Brainactivitiesalonecoulddeterminedessertcravings.C.Moreresearchisneededbeforetheapplicationofthestudy.D.Cravingsforsugaronlyoccurredinmoderntimes.【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇科普說明文。主要以生活化的場景引入并介紹了人類和動物對甜食的“dessertstomach”現(xiàn)象的神經科學機制?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Youleanbackfromthedinnertable,feelinglikeyouphysicallycouldn’tfitanotherbite.Butthensomeoneofferspieandyoujustcan’tsayno.Scientistshavenowidentifiedtheneurons(神經元)behindthe“dessertstomach”phenomenon.(你從餐桌上向后靠，感覺自己再也吃不下一口了。但如果有人請你吃派，你就不能拒絕?？茖W家們現(xiàn)在已經確定了“甜點胃”現(xiàn)象背后的神經元)”可知，作者通過描述“飽餐后仍無法拒絕甜點”這一具體飲食行為引入主題。故選A。【33題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Theseneuronsreleaseachemicalcalledβendorphin,whichactslikeanaturalrewardandmakesthemicefeelgood.(這些神經元釋放出一種叫做β內啡肽的化學物質，它就像一種自然的獎勵，讓老鼠感覺良好)”可知，POMC神經元的主要功能是釋放與積極情緒相關的化學物質β內啡肽。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“AccordingtoHenningFenselau,ascientistwholedthestudy,thismakessensefromanevolutionaryperspective.Sugarisrareinnaturebutprovidesquickenergy.(領導這項研究的科學家HenningFenselau表示，從進化的角度來看，這是有道理的。糖在自然界中很罕見，但能快速提供能量)”可知，作者提到“自然界中糖分稀少”是為了從進化角度解釋人類對糖的渴望。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Yet,itistoosoontosaythatthefullpicturehasbeendrawn.Otherstudieshavefoundthatsignalsfromyourdigestivesystemcouldinfluencewhytherealwaysseemstoberoomforadessert.(然而，現(xiàn)在說事情的全貌已經被描繪出來還為時過早。其他研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，消化系統(tǒng)發(fā)出的信號可能會影響你為什么總是有吃甜點的空間)”可知，研究尚未完全明確，需進一步探索。即在應用這項研究之前還需要更多的研究。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Celebrationsareessentialforyourwellbeing.Inafastpacedworld,pausingtocelebrategivesyourmindandbodyamuchneededbreak.It'samomenttoreconnectwithpeoplearoundyou,rechargeyourself,andreflectonhowfaryou'vee.___36___Here'showhittingpausetopartycanmakeyourlifehealthierandhappier.●Celebratingbuildsconnectionandmunity.___37___Theybringpeopletogether.Theycreatemomentsofsharedjoyandasenseofbelongingthatstrengthensbonds.Havingasolidnetworkofpeopleinyourcornerreducesstress,boostsmentalhealth,andevenimprovesphysicalwellbeing.●Celebratinghelpsyoufeelmotivated.Takingthetimetocelebrateincreasesyourmotivationtogetthingsdone.Accordingtoresearch,acknowledgingyourwins,evensmallones,causesthebraintoreleasedopamine(多巴胺),whichcreatesacycleinyourbrainthatencouragesyoutorepeatthatsamebehavior.___38___You'llgetthatpleasantdopaminehitthat'llkeepyoumovingforward.●Celebratingfuelsconfidenceandresilience.Celebratingyourwinsboostsconfidenceandselfesteem.Everymilestoneshowsthechallengesyou'veconquered.Reflectingonthesemomentsremindsyouofyourstrengthanddetermination.Eachwin,bigorsmall,isasteppingstonetothenextgoal.Goaheadandcelebrate.___39___●___40___Celebrationssparkanenergyofjoyandoptimism.Whenyougatherpeopletolaugh,dance,andsharelove,youcreatesomethingbiggerthantheeventitself.It'saremind