II.GrammarandVocabularySectionAACloseShaveKazirangaNationalParkinIndiaishometotwooftheworld'smostendangeredspecies:thetigerandthesingle-hornedrhino.PhotographerSteveWinterandwriterDouglasChadwickhadonlybeenworkingthereafewdayswhentheyhadverycloseshavewithsomerhinos.They(21)_________(drive)intotheparktostartfilmingwhentheirguidestoppedthejeeptomoveaturtlefromthemiddleoftheroadjustaheadofthem.Winter,Chadwick,andtheirguardgotouttostretchtheirlegsandwatch.ButwhenChadwickturnedtolookuptheroad,hesaw(22)_________terrible:arhinochargingatthem!(23)_________rhinoscanrunmorethan25milesanhour,therewasnotimetoleapbackinthecarInstinctively,theguardfiredashotintothegroundjustinfrontoftherhino.Thecrackofthegunandthedirtthatthebulletkickedupwasenough(24)_________(distract)theirattackeranditsteeredoffintothegrasssecondsbeforereachingthem.(25)_________(relieve)theincidenthadnotbeenworse,theydroveon.Astheywereenteringtheforestarea,threeyoungrhinosenteredtheroadinfrontofthen:Thejeepstoppedhurriedly,butthistimetheanimalsseemeduninterestedanddisappeared(26)_________theforest.Justthen,however,themotherofthethree,(27)_________hadbeenkeepinganeyeonheryoung,camecrashingthroughthetrees.Notimetoshootthistime.Thefemalerhinoslammedintothesideofthejeepandstartedtowrestleitofftheroad.Indianrhinosdon'tusetheirhornsinafight;insteadtheybiteandthisfemale'steethweredeepintothesideofthejeep.TheguidehadlaiddownaruleforhisguestsatKazirange:noone(28)_________(allow)tobescared.Buthisguestswerebreakingtherule,prayingthedrivercouldgetthemoutofthere.Withtheengine(29)_________(scream),atlastthevehiclestartedtomove.Eventhentherhinocameafterthemanditwas500feetlater(30)_________shegaveupthechase.SectionBA.actingB.complainedH.authorizeC.confidenceD.groundedE.presentedF.maintainingG.measureI.engageJ.suspendedK.performanceBoeingandtheUSaviationauthoritieshavecomeunderincreasingpressureastheEuropeanUnionandnumerousothercountrieshaltedflightsandDonaldTrumpweighedinfollowingasecondfatalcrashinvolvingtheplaneinlessthangivemonths.Usregulators,airlinesandthemanufacturerhavebecomeincreasinglyisolatedin__31__thattheplaneissafe.OnWednesday,India'saviationministrysaidtheplaneswouldbe__32__immediatelyandNewZealandsuspendedoperationoftheplaneduetothe"levelofuncertainly"aboutthecauseoftherecentEthiopianAirlinescrash.Malaysiaalsotemporarilybannedtheplanefromtheirairspace,andFijiAirwaysbecamethelatestcarriertostopusingtheaircraft.DanielKElwell,the__33__administratoroftheFederalAviationAdministrationsaidonTuesdayit"continuestoreviewextensivelyallavailabledataandinspectsafety__34__fromoperatorsandpilotsoftheBoing737Max.Thusfar,ourreviewshowsnosystematicperformanceissuesandprovidesnobasistoordergroundingtheaircraft.Norhaveothercivilaviationauthoritiesprovideddatatousthatwould__35__action.Boeing,meanwhile,restateitssupportforthe737Max,sayingithad"full__36__"initssafety.However,theglobalreactiontoSunday'sfatalcrashinvolvinganEthiopianAirlines737MaxisaddingpressureonthecompanyandtheFederalAviationAdministrationtoact.PilotsofatleasttwoUSflightshave__37__thattheirnewBoeingjetpointeditsnosedownautomatically.TrumpsaidonTuesdaythatmodernplaneswere"becomingfartoocomplextofly".TheEU'saviationsafetyagency.EASA,__38__allflightsbyBoeing's737-8and737-9modelsaftertheUK,Ireland,Germany,Franceandothercountriesmadesimilarmoves.ExplainingtheUK'sdecisiontobantheplanes,aspokesmanfortheBritishCivilAviationAuthoritysaid:"Aswedonotcurrentlyhavesufficientinformationfromtheflightdatarecorder,wehave,asaprecautionary__39__,issuedinstructionstostopanycommercialpassengerflightsfromanyoperatorarriving,departingoroverflyingUKairspace."Boeingsaid:"Weunderstandthatregulatoryagenciesandcustomershavemadedecisionsthattheybelievearemostappropriatefortheirhomemarkets.We'llcontinueto__40__withthemtoensuretheyhavetheinformationneededtohaveconfidenceinoperatingtheirfleets."III.ReadingComprehensionsSectionAGuiltyPleasures?NoSuchThingWeknowthemwhenweseethem:TheTVshowsandmovieswelove,eventhoughwejustknowthey'rebad.Thetrashybookswesimplycan't__41__.Theawfulear-wormswehatetolove.Yes,theseareourguiltypleasures--whatsomepeopleconsiderthe__42__foodinourmediadiets.Butifweenjoythem,whyshouldwefeel__43__?Weshouldbefreetoenjoywhateverwelike!Andasitturnsout,theseso-called"guilty"pleasurescanactuallybegoodforus,solongasthey'reenjoyedin__44__.Takingamentalbreakandenjoyingsomethingthatdoesn'trequireintenseintellectual__45__getsusoutofproblem-solvingmode,saidRobinNabi,aprofessorofcommunicationattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,whospecializesinmediaeffectsandemotion.Itcanalsoimproveourabilitytoproductivelydealwithstressorsandhelpus__46__morepositivelywithotherpeople.Ifthat'strue,thenwhydoguiltypleasuresgetsuchabad__47__?Well,it'snottheaddictionitself,butthe__48__wehavewhentalkingaboutthem.However,accordingtoexpertslikeDr.Nabi,feelingguiltyaboutordisparaging（貶低）activitiesweenjoycan__49__thebenefitstheyofferuswhilegettingridofself-imposedembarrassmentaboutourinterestscanbeempoweringandenrichoursociallives,whichiswhyit'stimetoremove"guiltypleasure"fromourcollective__50__.Oneimportantvalueofaguiltypleasureisthebonditcancreatebetweenpeople."Theseshowsareoutthereforareason--they'reresonating,"Dr.Nabisaid.Headdedthattheconnectionswemakewithotherswhoshareourinterestsinsuchthings"isnottobe__51__."__52__,talkingaboutwhatweenjoycaneaseanyremainingguiltandmakesiteasiertodiscovermorethingsthatbringuspleasure.Beingabletotalk__53__aboutwhatweloveismorethanjustawaytospendthetime.Afterall,ifyoudon'tfeellikeyoucanbehonestaboutwhatTVpleasesyou,thenwhatelseareyou__54__yourselfandothers?Still,it'sbesttofollowtheage-oldadviceourparentstaughtus:Everythinginmoderation.Thoughguiltcanenhancepleasureinsomecases,itcanalsopushustoindulgein__55__wefeelguiltyaboutinothers.41.A.turndown42.A.junkB.takeinC.tearapartC.spiritualC.helplessC.minimumC.qualityD.putdownD.transformativeD.alertB.sugary43.A.relaxedB.guilty44.A.massB.moderationB.superiorityB.chargeD.depressionD.developmentD.persevereD.reputationD.requirementsD.decrease45.A.focus46.A.struggleC.engage47.A.breakupB.principleB.obligationB.receiveC.conditionC.attitudesC.claim48.A.consciousness49.A.switch50.A.vocabulary51.A.established52.A.Inaddition53.A.enthusiastically54.A.drivingaway55.A.theoriesB.experienceB.underestimatedB.OnthecontraryB.casuallyC.recognitionC.foundD.targetD.strengthenedD.ThereforeD.politelyC.AllinallC.openlyB.insistingonB.behaviorsC.pushingforwardC.problemsD.keepingfromD.relationshipsSectionB(A)In1952,ElmyrdeHoryreturnedtoLosAngelesafterajourneytoDallas,Texas.Hehadmanagedtosellsomeofhis"masterpieces",includingsomePicassoandMatissedrawings.HehadmadeahugefortuneandwashopinghewouldheequallysuccessfulinSouthernCalifornia.ElmyrhadsetupanappointmentwithartdealerFrankPerls,ownersofawell-knownBeverlyHillsgallery,andheplannedtounloadmoreofhisartworksforanothersizeablefortune.Elmyrdressedinhisbestsuitfortheoccasion,carryingwithhimalarge（文件夾）.AthismeetingwithPerls,Elmyrpresentedwhatheclaimedweredrawingshe'dinheritedfromhisfamilyfollowingWorldWarII.TheportfolioincludedsketchesfromPicasso,Matisse,RenoirandModigliani.Perlstookonelookattheworksandwasimmenselyimpressed.Afterall,it'snotoftenthatonehasthechancetoholdgreatmasterpiecesbysomeoftheworld'smostfamousartists.However,thelongerPerielookedatthepicturesthemoreconcernedhebecame.ItwasclearthatsomethingwaswrongandPeris'sworrisomeexpressiondiscomfortedElymr.AccordingtocliffordIrving'sbookFake!PerisquestionedElmyrabouthisaddressandotherdetailedpersonalinformation,causingElmyrtobecomenervous.Periswhencalmlyplacedthepicturesbackintotheportfolio,tiedthestrings,andthensuddenlythrewthematElmyr.ElmyrwasshockedbytheunexpectedactionandwasuncertainwhattodonextuntilPerisorderedhimtogetout.ElmyrthenwalkedoutofthegallerywithPerisshoutingbehindhim.Perisobservedwhatanuntrainedeyewouldlikelynevernotice:theseworkswerefakes.Itwasalsotruethattheywerecreatedmasterfully.ToPeris'surprise,Elmyraskedhim,afterbeingthrownoutofthegallery,whetherhethoughtthedrawingswerewelldone.AccordingtoIrving.Perisreplied:"Theycertainlyfooledmeforafewminutes,'beforeorderingtheforgerawayagain.TheincidentwasnotElmyr'sfirstorlasttimeattryingtosellexcellentforgeries.Infact,hehadbeendoingitsuccessfullyforyears.ElmyrdeHoryeventuallybecameknownworldwideasoneofthemosttalentedartforgersinhistory.Evenafterhisdeath,Elmyr'sworksstillattractedattention.Someofthemevensoldforthesamepricesastheoriginals.Likemanyfamouspainters,however,hewoulddiepennilessafteraseriesofunfortunateevents.56.WhatcanbelearnedaboutElmyr'sjourneytoDallas?A.Ithasalongjourney.B.Itwasawastedjourney.C.Itwasaboringjourney.D.Itwasaprofitablejourney.57.WhydidPerisaskElmyrabouthispersonalinformationafterhelookedathisworksforsometime?A.ElmyrappearednervousinPeris'presence.B.Elmyrcarriedtoolargeaportfoliowithhim.C.Periscametorealizethattheywerenotgenuine.D.Perishadneversensuchalargenumberofmasterpieces.58.Whatdoes"theforger"(paragraph6)referto?A.PerisB.ElmyrC.IrvingD.Picasso.59.WhatcanbelearnedaboutElmyrfromthepassage?A.Hehimselfwasatalentedartist.C.Helefthischildrenagreatfortune.B.Hislifewasmadeintoafilm.D.Hisworkswereforgottenuntilafterhisdeath.(B)With25%off,it'seveneasiertostayconnected!EasierisbetterwiththeLivelyFlipFROMTHEMAKERSOFJITTERBUGTheLivelyFlip,fromthemakersoftheJitterbug,theoriginaleasy-to-usecellphone,hasbigbuttonsandanexclusiveUrgentResponsebuttononthekeypad.EASYTOUSEToday,cellphonesarehardtohear,difficulttodialandoverloadedwithfeaturesyoumayneveruse.That'snotthecasewiththeLivelyFlip.Alargescreenandbigbuttonsmakeiteasytocallfamilyandfriends,andthepowerfulspeakerensureseveryconversationisloudandclear.EASYTOENJOYWhereveryougo,abuilt-incameramakesiteasyandfunforyoutocaptureandshareyourfavoritememories.Plus,theflashlightandbuilt-inmagnifierhelpyouseeindimlylitareas.EASYTOBEPREPAREDLifehasawayofbeingunpredictable,butyoucanbepreparedinanuncertainorunsafesituationwithUrgentResponseService.SimplypresstheUrgentResponsebuttontospeakwithahighlytrainedAgentwhocanconfirmyourlocation,evaluateyoursituationandgetyouthehelpyouneed,24/7.TheLivelyFlipisoneofthemostaffordablecellphonesonthemarketandcomeswithreliablenationwidecoverage.Youcanevenkeepyourcurrentlandlineorcellphonenumber.Poweredbynation'smostreliablewirelessnetwork.NOLONG-TEAMCONTRACTSNocancellationfeesFATHER'SDAY25%OFFToordertolearnmore,call1.800.357.9278Nolong-termcontractsKeepyourcurrentphonenumber100%U.S.-basedcustomerserviceMphiddenAffordable,monthlyfeesflexibleplansLivelyAvailableBESTBUYW/flipin-storeoronlineRITEAIDat:**Monthlyfeesdonotincludegovernmenttaxesorfeesandaresubjecttochange.PlansandservicesmayrequirepurchaseofLivelydeviceandone-timesetupfeeof$35.UrgentResponseor911callscanbemadeonlywhencellularserviceisavailable.UrgentResponsetracksanapproximatelocationofdevicewhendeviceisturnedonandconnectedtothenetwork.Livelydoesnotguaranteeanexactlocation.UrgentResponseisonlyavailablewiththepurchaseofaLivelyHealth&SafelyPackage.60.WhichofthefollowingisnotthefeatureoftheLivelyFlip?A.Itabandonstheunnecessaryfunctions.B.Itensureseverycallisinhighquality.C.Itdoesn'trequireaphonenumber-change.D.Itenablestheusertocallthedoctorforhelpatanymoment.61.ForwhomistheLivelyFlipthemostsuitable?A.BusinessmentravelingregularlyB.TeenagersattendingschoolC.TheagedunfamiliarwithdigitaltechnologiesD.Techenthusiastsenjoyingcollectingthelatestcellphonemodels62.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromtheleaflet?A.Thehigh-qualitycameraensuresgreatphotosinanylightingconditions.B.TheurgentresponsebuttondesignisuniquetotheLivelyFlip.C.FixedmonthlyfeesareinvolvedintheuseoftheLivelyFlip.D.Theurgentresponseserviceisactivatedwhenthedeviceisconnectedtothenetwork.(C)Moreandmoreonlineshoppingplatformsnowofferconsumersadetailedlookintoproducts'historicalprices.Buthowdoesthisinformationinfluencebuyingdecisions?Toexplorethisquestion,weconductedaseriesofexperimentswithatotalofmorethan5,000businessschoolstudentsandworkingadults.Wemeasuredtheimpactofdifferentkindsofpriceshiftsonpeople'sinterestinpurchasingproductsandidentifiedseveralconsistenttrends:First,whenconsumerssawthatthepricetodaywaslowerthanithadbeeninthepast,theyweremorelikelytobuynow,becausethecurrentpriceseemedlikeagooddeal.However,thepicturesgetsmorecomplicatedwhenyouconsiderthefrequencyofhistoricalpriceshifts.Inourstudies,wefoundthatifconsumerswereshownatleastthreechangesinthesamedirection,theywerelikelytoassumethepricewouldcontinuetomoveinthesamedirection,whileiftheywereonlyshownoneortwochangesinthesamedirection,theyexpectedthepricetochangeintheoppositedirection.Sowhatdoesthismeanforsellers?Itmaybetemptingtoslowlylowerthepriceovertime.However,outdatashowsthatthiscanleadconsumerstoassumethatthepricewillcontinuetofall,makingthemhesitanttobuy.Butiftheyjustseesinglepricedrop,they'remorelikelytoexpectareversalinthenearfuture,pushingthemtobuytheproductnow.Ourfindingscanalsohelpbuyersmakemoreinformeddecisionsaboutwhetherandwhentheychoosetomakeapurchase.Aswithanyirrationalbias（非理性的偏見）,awarenessofthenaturaltendencytoexpecttrendstocontinueandsinglelargechangestoreversecanhelpconsumersquestionthisassumptionbeforeactingonit.Insteadoflettingthisarbitrary（武斷的）expectationguidebuyingdecisions,consumersmaybenefitbydoingabitmoreresearcharoundtheunderlyingfactorsdrivingpricesshifts.Buyersmayalsobenefitfromlearningmoreaboutaproduct'slonger-termpricehistory,fluctuations（波動）,andtypicalindustry-widepriceranges,toavoidbeingdisproportionatelyinfluencedbynear-termpricechanges.It'salsoalwaysagoodideatothinkaboutbothhowurgentyourneedforagivenproductis,andyourownrisktoleranceforapotentialpriceincrease,asthiscanaffectwhetherit'sworthitforyoutowaitandseeifthepricefalls.Ofcourse,therearecountlessfactorsthatinfluencebothconsumers'decisionsaroundwhetherandwhentobuyandsellers'decisionaroundhowtopricetheirproducts.Butit'simportantforbothsidestorecognizethekeyrolethatexpectationsplayininfluencingthesedecisions.63.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheexperiment?A.Itprovesthatpeople'sinterestintheproductdrivesthepurchasingbehavior.B.E-commerceplatformsturntoittoconnectwithcustomersandboostsales.C.It'sdesignedtofigureoutthepurchasingdecisionprocessbasedonpricing.D.Businessschoolstudentsmakeupthewholecontrolgroupforcomparison.64.WhichofthefollowingpricetrendsmighttemptconsumerstobuyonMay8?65.Consumersareadvisedto_________.A.decideontheassumptionsthatlong-termpricetrendwillcontinueB.researchlonger-termpricehistory,pricerangesandhiddenfactorsC.putoffthepurchaseforbetterdealsbecauseoftheunsustainablemarketD.cooperatewithsellerswhileputtingasidethepersonalriskandurgency66.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Howdopricechangesinfluencebuyingdecisions?B.Whyshouldproducts'historicalpricesbeshown?C.Whenisthebesttimeforconsumerstopurchase?D.Whatdobusinessesneedtopricetheirproducts?SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Ifthisisbattle,signsindicatethatthepro-phonecrowdhasalreadywon.B.Butratherthanexpressingfrustrationaboutthisawkwardness,shesaidshefeltguilty,asifsheweretheonechallengingconvention.C.Inrecentyears,theDeYoungreceivedmorethanathousandcomplaintsfrompeoplewhofeltthatcellphoneshadspoiledtheirexperienceoftheexhibit.D.ThecauseofthisrecentcrazewasBouquetstoArt,oneofthemostpopularannualeventsatthedeYoungMuseumisSanFrancisco.E.Thetruthispeoplelikeselfiesmorethantheexhibitswaybeyondresearchers'imagination.F.Buttheissueiscomplicatedfortheprofessionalsrunningmuseums.SanFranciscoMuseumTacklesArt'sInstagramDilemmaAwomanheldtightlyherphonetoherheart,thewayamissionarymightholdaBible.Shewasanxioustotakeapictureofastunningbouquetofflowersthatsatnot10ftaway,butfirstshehadtogetthroughacrowdofotherswhoweredoingthesame._________67_________.Forthe34thyear,floristswereaskedtocreatebouquetsthatrespondtopiecesofartondisplay,fromancientcarvingstocontemporarysculptures.Atowerofbaby'sbreathimitatesawaterfallinanearbypaintingbyGustavGrunewald.RedflamingoflowersandneonbluesticksechoasurrealportraitofawomanbySalvadorDali.It'samazingandalsoextremelyInstagrammable,tothepointthatithasbecomeaproblem._________68_________.Institutionsoffineartaroundtheworldfacesimilarproblemsasthedesiretotakephotographsbecomesahugedrawformuseumsaswellassomethingthatupsetssomeoftheirsponsors.SothedeYoungrespondedwithakindofagreement:carvingout"photofree"hoursduringtheexhibition'ssix-dayrun.Onecommoncomplaintintheongoingdebatesovertheeffectofsocialmediaonmuseumcultureisthatpeopleseemtobemissingoutonexperiencesbecausetheyaresobusycollectingevidenceofthem.AstudypublishedinthejournalPsychologicalSciencesuggeststhereistruthtothis.Itfoundthatpeoplewhotookphotosofanexhibitratherthansimplyobservingithadahardertimerememberingwhattheysaw._________69_________.LindaButler,thedeYoung'sheadofmarketing,communicationsandvisitorexperience,acknowledgesthatnoteveryonewantsamuseumtobe"aselfieplayland".Yetalotofotherpeopledo,andhertakeisthatthedeYoungisinnopositiontoclaimthatonemotivationforbuyinga$28ticketismorevalidthananother.Ifweremovedsocialmediaandphotography,shesays,"weshouldriskbecomingirrelevant"._________70_________.Onthisvisittothemuseum,mostpeopleseemedtotreatthephotocrazeasthenewnormal.Manypolitelywaitedtheirturnandgotoutofotherpeople'sshots,evenasvisitorsbumpedintoeachotherincrowdedgalleries.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.KeepingtheKidsEatingHealthyFruitsandvegetablesaresuperimportantforkidstobeabletogrowuphealthyandstrong.Sciencerecommendsthatchildrenaged2to18getatleasttwoservingsoffruitandthreeservingsofvegetableseachday.Butgettingkidstoeattheirfruitsandvegetablesisofteneasiersaidthandone.Ifyouneedadditionalreasonstohelpyourkidsboosttheirintake,newresearchhasfoundthatstudentswhoeatmorefruitsandvegetablesmighthavebettermentalwell-beingthanthosewhoeatless.ArecentstudypublishedinBMJNutrition,PreventionandHealthlookedat9,000studentsfromacrosstheU.K.About7,500wereinsecondaryschool,and1,500wereinprimaryschool.Studentsself-reportedtheirdietandweregivenage-appropriatetestsformentalwell-beingthatlookedathapp