必修第2冊(cè)Unit3Onthemove目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航重點(diǎn)詞匯1．goaln．球門2．contentn．滿意，滿足3．plasticadj.塑料制的4．factorn．因素，要素5．soldiern．士兵，軍人6．conflictn．武裝沖突，戰(zhàn)斗，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)7．idealadj.理想的，最好的8．displayn．顯示器vt.展示；顯示9．monitorv．監(jiān)視，監(jiān)測(cè)10．a(chǎn)vailableadj.可用的，可獲得的11．skipv．跳繩12．bonen．骨頭，骨13．involvev．包含，需要14．mastern．大師，能手15．datan．資料，數(shù)據(jù)16．labeln．標(biāo)簽，標(biāo)記17．lungn．肺18．networkn．人際關(guān)系網(wǎng)，聯(lián)絡(luò)網(wǎng)19．tensionn．緊張，焦慮20．a(chǎn)chev．(持續(xù)而隱隱地)作痛21．a(chǎn)m午前，上午22．persuadev．說(shuō)服，勸服23．surfingn．沖浪(運(yùn)動(dòng))24．chartv．記錄，跟蹤(變化或進(jìn)展)25．settingn．(機(jī)器、儀器等調(diào)控裝置的)設(shè)定位置，調(diào)節(jié)點(diǎn)26．barn．橫木；酒吧27．upperadj.(位置)較上的，較高的，上面的28．interpretv．理解，了解，解釋29．ultimateadj.(目標(biāo)等)最終的詞匯拓展1．representv．代表，表示→representativeadj.典型的，有代表性的2．basisn．基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)→basev．以……為基礎(chǔ)→basicadj.基本的3．equipmentn．裝備，設(shè)備，用具→equipv．裝備，配備4．defendv．(在比賽中)防守，防衛(wèi)→defenc(s)en．防衛(wèi)，防護(hù)→defensibleadj.可防御的；可辯解的5．deathn．死，死亡→deadadj.無(wú)生命的→diev．死亡→dyingadj.垂死的6．a(chǎn)djustableadj.可調(diào)整的，可調(diào)節(jié)的→adjustv．調(diào)整→adjustmentn．調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)7．balancen．平衡→balancedadj.平衡的8．responsen．回答，回復(fù)→respondv．回答，作出反應(yīng)9．powern．力量→powerfuladj.強(qiáng)有力的10．disappearv．消失，不見→disappearancen．消失11．sweatyadj.滿是汗的，被汗水濕透的→sweatn．汗水v．使出汗12．inspirev．鼓舞，激勵(lì)→inspirationn．鼓舞→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的13．championn．(尤指體育比賽中的)冠軍，第一名→championshipn．錦標(biāo)賽；冠軍稱號(hào)重點(diǎn)詞組1．toone’sheart’scontent盡情地，心滿意足地2．bemadeof由……制成3．endwith以……結(jié)束4．breakdown分解；發(fā)生故障；失??；毀掉5．breakout爆發(fā)6．tensofthousandsof成千上萬(wàn)的7．takepartin參加8．comeacross偶遇9．inturn反過(guò)來(lái)，轉(zhuǎn)而；輪流，依次10．dealwith處理；涉及11．dieout消失，絕跡，滅絕12．goback追溯重點(diǎn)句型1．Itisalsoagamethatisverycheaptoplay.這也是一種非常便宜的游戲。2．Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts’contentwithaballmadeofplasticbags.在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子們盡情地踢由塑料袋做成的球。3．Whenlearningaboutanewtopic，itisimportanttocollectfactsandfigures.當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)新話題時(shí)，收集事實(shí)和數(shù)據(jù)是很重要的。4．Theseareoftenrepresentedthroughchartsorgraphs，becausetheycanmakeinformationquickerandeasiertointerpret.這些通常通過(guò)圖表或圖形表示，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢允剐畔⒏臁⒏菀捉忉尅?．IhadagreatdayoutinLondon，aswellashelpingtosavegorillas！我在倫敦度過(guò)了愉快的一天，同時(shí)也為拯救大猩猩出了力！知識(shí)精講知識(shí)精講1representv．代表，表示；描述，描繪；表明，意味著(教材P26)Talkaboutwhatyouthinkthesethingsrepresentinafootballgame.談?wù)勀阏J(rèn)為這些東西在足球比賽中代表什么。Theannual-ringsrepresenttheamountofwoodformedeachyear.年輪代表著每年生成的木材量。[知識(shí)拓展](1)represent...with... 用……代表……represent...as... 把……描述成……representoneselfas 自稱是……representsth.tosb. 向某人說(shuō)明/傳達(dá)某事(2)representationn. 代表；描述representativen. 代表adj.典型的，有代表性的2goback追溯(教材P26)ThehistoryofthegamegoesbackovertwothousandyearstoAncientChina.足球的歷史可以追溯到兩千多年前的古代中國(guó)。Theoldmuseumgoesback100years，whichisworthvisiting.這個(gè)古老的博物館可追溯到100年前，值得參觀。[知識(shí)拓展]dateback＝goback 追溯gobackto/datebackto/datefrom 追溯到，始于[名師點(diǎn)津]goback(to)/dateback(to)/datefrom常指以“現(xiàn)在”為起點(diǎn)向前推，故在句中作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。它們沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。3basisn．基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)(教材P26)Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.足球是非常簡(jiǎn)便的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，這或許是它受歡迎的最根本的原因。Thebasisofheropinionissomethingshereadinthemagazine.她意見的根據(jù)是從雜志里看來(lái)的。[知識(shí)拓展](1)onthebasisof 在……的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)……onaregularbasis 定期(2)basev. 以……為依據(jù)n. 基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)base...on/upon... 把……建立在……基礎(chǔ)之上bebasedon/upon 以……為基礎(chǔ)(3)basicadj. 基本的；基礎(chǔ)的basicallyadv. 基本上，本質(zhì)上，大致說(shuō)來(lái)4equipmentn．裝備，設(shè)備，用具(教材P26)Youdon'tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn'thavetocostmuchmoney.不需要什么昂貴的設(shè)備，連球也不會(huì)花費(fèi)太多錢。Withthemodernequipment，ourworkwasfinishedaheadoftime.有了現(xiàn)代設(shè)備，我們的工作提前完成了。[知識(shí)拓展](1)apiece/setofequipment 一件/套設(shè)備(2)equipvt. 裝備equip...with... ……裝備……beequippedwith 裝備著……[語(yǔ)境助記]Theschoolhasbeenrebuiltanditiswellequipped.Muchmoneyhasbeenspentontheofficeequipment.5contentn．滿意，滿足；內(nèi)容v．使?jié)M意，使?jié)M足adj.滿意的，滿足的(教材P26)Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts'contentwithaballmadeofplasticbags;justlikePelédidwhenhewasaboy.在世界各地你都可以看到孩子們心滿意足地踢著用塑料袋團(tuán)成的球——就像貝利小時(shí)候那樣。Thisisagoodbookasfarasitscontentisconcerned.就內(nèi)容來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一本好書。[知識(shí)拓展](1)toone'sheart'scontent 盡情地，心滿意足地(2)contentoneselfwith 使自己滿足于(3)becontentwith 滿足于某事becontenttodosth. 滿足于做某事6defendv．(在比賽中)防守，防衛(wèi)；保護(hù)，保衛(wèi)；辯護(hù)(教材P26)Youdonothavetobeafantorecognisetheskillofprofessionalplayers—howtheyusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee...你不用成為球迷也能看明白職業(yè)球員的球技有多么好——他們運(yùn)用身體傳球、得分、防守，這些就足以令觀眾眼花繚亂……Thebestwaytodefendistoattack.最好的防御就是進(jìn)攻。[知識(shí)拓展](1)defend...from/against...保護(hù)……免受……；保衛(wèi)……抵御……(2)defencen. 防御；保衛(wèi)；防御物indefenceof 保衛(wèi)……；為……辯護(hù)[語(yǔ)境助記]Intimeofwar，lotsofmoneywillbespentondefenceandmanymeasureswillbetakentodefendacountryfrombeingattacked.7putdown放下；記下；鎮(zhèn)壓(教材P27)WorldWarⅠhadbrokenoutmonthsbefore，butBritishandGermansoldiersputdowntheirgunsandplayedfootballtogether...雖然當(dāng)時(shí)第一次世界大戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)持續(xù)了數(shù)月，但是英國(guó)和德國(guó)的士兵仍然放下槍支，一起踢起了足球……LetmeputdownyourtelephonenumberincaseIforgetit.讓我記下你的電話號(hào)碼以免忘記。[知識(shí)拓展]putaway 把……收起來(lái)，儲(chǔ)存putout 熄滅；撲滅；出版；生產(chǎn)putoff 推遲；延期putup 舉起，張貼；提供(價(jià)格)；留宿(某人)putupwith 忍受8conflictn．武裝沖突，戰(zhàn)斗，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，沖突，矛盾v．矛盾，沖突，抵觸(教材P27)...onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict.……這是戰(zhàn)亂年代值得銘記的和平一刻。Armedconflictmaybreakoutatanymoment.武裝沖突有一觸即發(fā)之勢(shì)。[知識(shí)拓展](1)armed/militaryconflict 武裝/軍事沖突comeintoconflictwith 與……發(fā)生沖突inconflictwith 與……相沖突(2)conflictwith 與……發(fā)生沖突9amatterof關(guān)乎……的事情(教材P27)Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath，...有些人認(rèn)為足球事關(guān)生死，……Itakethisseriously.It'samatterofprinciple.我對(duì)此很認(rèn)真，這是原則問(wèn)題。[知識(shí)拓展]amatteroflifeanddeath 事關(guān)生死的問(wèn)題amatterofopinion 看法(不同的)問(wèn)題asamatteroffact 事實(shí)上tomakemattersworse 使情況更糟的是10giventhat引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句(教材P26)GiventhatNeilArmstrongwantedtotakeafootballtotheMoon，wecouldevensaythatitisalsothemostpopularsportoutofthisworld!想想當(dāng)年尼爾·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球帶上月球，我們甚至可以說(shuō)它也是地球之外最受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)！句式分析：giventhat意為“考慮到，鑒于，如果，倘若，只要”，用作連詞引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Giventhatyouhadverylittlehelp，Ithinkyoudidverywellunderthecircumstances.考慮到你幫手不多，我想在這種情況下，你已經(jīng)干得不錯(cuò)了。Giventhatthereisnotrafficdelay，Iwillbethereontime.只要沒有交通阻塞，我會(huì)按時(shí)到那兒。[知識(shí)拓展]與giventhat用法類似的還有：provided(that)...＝providing(that)...倘若；在……情況/條件下suppose/supposing(that)... 倘若；在……情況/條件下11it作形式主語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)作真正的主語(yǔ)(教材P28)Itisamazingtoseehowprofessionalplayersusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefend.看職業(yè)球員運(yùn)用身體傳球、得分、防守是令觀眾眼花繚亂的。句式分析：Itisamazingtosee...是句式“Itis＋adj.＋todosth.”意為“做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)作真正的主語(yǔ)。Itisinterestingtolookatdifferencesbetweenschoolsindifferentcountries.了解不同國(guó)家的學(xué)校之間的差異是很有趣的。Itisnoteasytomakehimchangehismind.讓他改變主意不容易。[知識(shí)拓展](1)在Itis＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.句型中，形容詞只能說(shuō)明不定式所表示的行為的性質(zhì)或特點(diǎn)，不能說(shuō)明不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。能用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary，possible等。(2)在Itis＋adj.＋ofsb.todosth.句型中，形容詞說(shuō)明不定式邏輯主語(yǔ)的品行、性格、性質(zhì)等，該句型通?？筛臑椋簊b.＋be＋adj.＋todosth.。能用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：nice，good，stupid，silly，careful等。(3)Itis＋n．＋todosth.做某事是……(4)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間做某事語(yǔ)法精講語(yǔ)法精講不定式作定語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)一、不定式作定語(yǔ)[觀察例句]①Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?②TheBrownshaveacomfortablehousetolivein.③Let'sfirstfindaroomtoputthesethingsin.④Haveyougotanythingtobesent?⑤Theyarealwaysthefirsttobearhardships，butthelasttoenjoycomforts.⑥Volunteeringgivesyouachancetochangelives，includingyourown.[歸納用法]1．不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)與所修飾的詞之間往往存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面需有相應(yīng)的介詞。2．當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者，且句子的主語(yǔ)是執(zhí)行者時(shí)需用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，若句子的主語(yǔ)不是執(zhí)行者需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。3．若名詞前有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或no，all，any，only等修飾，后面一般用不定式作定語(yǔ)。4．被修飾的是抽象名詞時(shí)用不定式作定語(yǔ)，常見的抽象名詞：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。[名師點(diǎn)津]不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句。完成句子①我不能和你去，因?yàn)槲矣袀€(gè)會(huì)議要參加。Ican'tgowithyou，because．②他總是第一個(gè)到校。Heisalways．③這將是一個(gè)交流經(jīng)驗(yàn)的好機(jī)會(huì)。Thiswillbe．④我有一只寫字的鋼筆。Ihave．⑤我打算參加明天舉行的聚會(huì)。Iplantoattendtomorrow.【答案】1.Ihaveameetingtoattend2.thefirsttogettoschool3.agoodopportunitytochangeexperience4.apentowritewith5.thepartytobeheld二、不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)[觀察例句]①Ihurriedthere，onlytofindthatallofthemhadgone.②Theboyisoldenoughtodresshimself.③I'mtoobusyenjoyingmylifenowtoworryaboutthefuture!④Hewassokindastohelptheoldmangetonthebus.⑤Wearenotsuchfoolsastobelieveyou.[歸納用法]1．不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常與only連用。2．在...enoughtodosth.，too...todosth.，so/such...astodosth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，todo表示結(jié)果。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果；而v.-ing作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示自然而然的結(jié)果。完成句子①他匆忙趕到車站，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。Hehurriedtothestation，thetrainhadleft.②他到了售票處，結(jié)果被告知票已經(jīng)賣光了。Hewenttotheboxoffice，thattheticketshadbeensoldout.③他年齡太小，還不懂得生活的艱辛。Heisstillthehardshipoflife.④他很富裕，足以買得起這樣的大房子。Heissuchabighouse.⑤他氣得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。Hewasunabletospeak.【答案】1.onlytofind2.onlytobetold3.tooyoungtoknow4.wealthyenoughtoafford5.soangryastobe寫作園地寫作園地寫一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)故事本單元寫作任務(wù)是寫一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)故事，屬于記敘文。由于所寫的故事是作者自己所經(jīng)歷的事情，故時(shí)態(tài)通常為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，人稱主要為第一人稱。[基本框架]1．開頭：點(diǎn)明運(yùn)動(dòng)的緣由；2．主體：講述運(yùn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程；3．結(jié)尾：總結(jié)運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響。[常用詞塊]1．gohiking去遠(yuǎn)足2．inhighspirits情緒高漲3．a(chǎn)closegame勢(shì)均力敵的比賽4．goallout全力以赴5．breaktherecord打破紀(jì)錄6．buildupone'sbody增強(qiáng)某人的體質(zhì)[常用語(yǔ)句]精彩開頭1．Recentlyourclassheldabasketballgamebetweenteachersandstudentstoimprovetherelationshipbetweenus.最近我們學(xué)校舉辦了一場(chǎng)師生籃球賽，目的是改善師生關(guān)系。2．Inordertoencouragethestudentstotakeoutdoorexercise，ourschoolorganizedamountain-climbingonApril10.為了鼓勵(lì)同學(xué)們參加戶外鍛煉，我們學(xué)校于4月10日組織了一次爬山活動(dòng)。3．WhenIwassixyearsold，myparentsoftentookmetoaswimmingpool.我6歲時(shí)，父母經(jīng)常帶我去游泳池。豐滿主體1．Bathedinthesunshine，wejumpedandcheeredwithjoy.沐浴在陽(yáng)光里，我們高興得歡呼雀躍。2．Nothavingexercisedforalongtime，Iranveryslowinthesportsmeeting.由于很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒有進(jìn)行體育鍛煉了，我在運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上跑得很慢。3．Themomentwewonthegame，anoldsayinghitmymind—Nopains，nogains.我們一贏得比賽，我就想到了一句古老的諺語(yǔ)“不勞則無(wú)獲”。4．Everyoneontheplaygroundstood，andthecheeringwentonfor5minutes.操場(chǎng)上所有人都站立著，歡呼聲持續(xù)了5分鐘。余味結(jié)尾1．Tosumup，webenefitedalotfromtheactivity.總之，我們從這次活動(dòng)中受益匪淺。2．Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudybetter.只有以這種方式我們才有足夠的精力學(xué)得更好。3．Notonlydiditgiveusrelaxationfromheavyschoolwork，italsopromotedthefriendshipamongus.它不僅使我們從繁重的學(xué)業(yè)中放松，而且促進(jìn)了我們之間的友誼。例文假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Emily得知你最近在國(guó)際短跑比賽中獲得冠軍，來(lái)信請(qǐng)你介紹一下你的運(yùn)動(dòng)經(jīng)歷。請(qǐng)你給她寫一封回信，要點(diǎn)包括：1．開始運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間；2．運(yùn)動(dòng)中遇到的困難；3．希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearEmily，Iamsodelightedtohearfromyou.IwassoexcitedwhenIstoodonthepodium(領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)臺(tái))againthisyear.IwonaplaceinthenationalteamwhenIwas15yearsoldandwonseveralchampionshipsafterthat.Hurtingmywaistlastyear，Ihadtotaketimeofftorecoverfromtheinjury.ItwasalongtimebeforemydoctortoldmethatIcanreturntothegame.Withthepatienthelpofmycoach，Istartedtrainingagaintoregainmypreviouscapabilities.Tomyhappiness，Iwonthegoldmedalinthefirstcompetitionofthisyear.Andwhoknows，Icanbreakaworldrecordoneday.Yours，LiHua練習(xí)假定你是李華，過(guò)去迷戀游戲?qū)е聦W(xué)習(xí)和身體都受到了影響。后來(lái)在一個(gè)跑步軟件的幫助下，你堅(jiān)持跑步，改掉了以前的壞習(xí)慣，改進(jìn)了不足。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以上提示寫一篇記敘文。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右。2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Inthepast，Iwasaddictedtoplayinggames，whichhadabadeffectonmystudyandhealth.Later，mymotherrecommendedanappcalledRunningPowertome，whichlistsmyperformanceagainstotherrunnersinthesocialnetwork.AtfirstIkeptrunningjusttoseemynameinthetopfive.NowI'vefalleninlovewithrunning.WhetherI'matthegymorontheroad，Icanrunhappily.Atthesametime，IalsofindmytensionandstressfrommystudydisappearasIrun.分層提分分層提分題組A基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示或首字母提示寫單詞)1．Latinasaspokenlanguagemanyyearsago.2．Infact，(沖浪)theInternettakesupmostofhertime.3．Theoldwomanwasintobuyingmanygoodsthatday.4．Theworkofanelephanttrainer(包括)loveanddevotion.5．They(使?jié)M足)themselveswithlettingitfalldownlastmonth.6．HertrustinmehasmetodothingsthatIneverimaginedpossible.7．Iamneverboredwithusingscientific(設(shè)備)whendoingexperiments.8．Thescientistoften(監(jiān)測(cè))thebehaviourofsharkstopredictbadweather.9．IhavelearnedtosignaltomyteammatestogivemetheballwhenIhaveagoodshotfor.10．DuringtheMiddleAges，themainaimofpainterswasto(表現(xiàn))religiousthemes.【答案】1.disappeared2.surfing3.persuaded4.involves5.contented6.inspired7.equipment8.monitors9.goal10.representⅡ.詞形變化填空(用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1．Hewasoneofthemost(power)meninBohemia.2．Theactorwillholdapartyin(respond)tothenews.3．Hisspeechreallymadethepeoplepresentfeel(inspire)．4．Tokeephealthy，sheisgoingona(balance)diet.5．Iguesstheywillmake(adjust)tomysalarythismonth.6．Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands，asifin(defend)．【答案】1.powerful2.response3.inspired4.balanced5.adjustments6.defence題組B能力提升練七選五HaveyoueverheardoftheInternetofThings(IoT)?It’satermthatisbeingusedmoreandmoreoftenlately.1Basically，anydevicewithanon/offswitchthatconnectstotheInternetispartoftheIoT.Basedonthisdefinition，whatitemsmightbepartoftheIoT?Lookaroundyou.ArethereanydevicesinyourhomeorclassroompartoftheIoT？2Yourfriend’ssmartphone?Yourteacher’siWatch?Howaboutthosesmartheadphonesyouwantforyourbirthday?TheseareallpartoftheIoT.Inmanycases，thesedevicessharedatawitheachother.3Forexample，considerthedevicesinasmarthome.Theremightbeasmartthermostat(恒溫器)，asmartspeakerandasmartoven(烤箱)．Now，pictureapersonwalkinghomewithasmartphoneinthepocket.Ifthesmartphone’sGPSknowsthepersonwillbehomesoon，itcansendthatinformationtotheotherIoTdevices，thethermostatcanadjusttotheperson’spreferredtemperature.Thesmartspeakercanplaytheperson’sfavoritealbum.4Allthesethingsaredonebeforethepersonwalksthroughthedoor—andwithoutthepersonliftingafinger.ExactlyhowbigistheIoT?Inthenearfuture，itisestimatedthatabout34billiondeviceswillbeconnected.Justthinkofallthewaysthosedevicescanworktogethertomakelifeeasier！5You’refacedwiththethreatofhackers(黑客)stealingdatafromdevicesinhomes，carsandbusinesses.Securityisnowmoreimportantthanever.A．Butwhatdoesitactuallymean?B．Butofcourse，therearedrawbacks.C．Theiruniversalitymightsurpriseyou.D．Thesmartovencanheatuptheperson’sfavoritesnack.E．ToomanyIoTdevicesgivelittlethoughttothebasicsofsecurity.F．TheIoTbridgesthegapbetweenthedigitalworldandthephysicalworld.G．Bysharingdata，devicesontheIoTworktogethertomakesomepartsoflifeeasier.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的定義、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)是如何協(xié)同工作的以及可能存在的安全問(wèn)題。1．答案A解析空前一句提到“這個(gè)詞(物聯(lián)網(wǎng))最近使用得越來(lái)越頻繁”。選項(xiàng)A意思為：但是它的實(shí)際含義是什么呢？空后一句是進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明什么是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)。選項(xiàng)A承上啟下。故選A項(xiàng)。2．答案C解析空后的“你朋友的手機(jī)？你老師的智能手表？你生日時(shí)想要的智能耳機(jī)？”是通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普遍性。選項(xiàng)C引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。3．答案G解析上文說(shuō)“在許多情況下，這些設(shè)備彼此共享數(shù)據(jù)”，該選項(xiàng)是“共享數(shù)據(jù)”造成的結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)G中sharingdata與空前一句中的sharedata是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選G項(xiàng)。4．答案D解析本段說(shuō)明在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的設(shè)備是一起工作的?？涨疤岬饺绻悄苁謾C(jī)的GPS知道用戶很快就要回家了，它就可以將該信息發(fā)送到其他物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備上，恒溫器就可以根據(jù)用戶的喜好調(diào)節(jié)溫度。智能揚(yáng)聲器可以播放用戶最喜歡的專輯。選項(xiàng)D中的thesmartoven與前面提到的thethermostat，thesmartspeaker都是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的設(shè)備。故選D項(xiàng)。5．答案B解析空后提到存在的安全問(wèn)題，你面臨著黑客從家庭、汽車和企業(yè)的設(shè)備竊取數(shù)據(jù)的威脅。安全現(xiàn)在比任何時(shí)候都重要。這是對(duì)選項(xiàng)B中drawbacks的說(shuō)明，順承選項(xiàng)B的話題。故選B項(xiàng)。題組C培優(yōu)拔尖練ABinge-watching(刷劇)iswhenapersonwatchesmorethanoneepisodeofashowinquicksuccession(一連串，連續(xù))．WithdevelopmentsinthespeedandconnectivityoftheInternet，increasesintechnologyandtheriseofon-demandentertainmentcompanies，peoplecannowhavetheirfavoriteshowsstreameddirectlytotheirtelevisionattheirconvenience.Thisbehaviorisnothingnew.Infact，“binge-watching”hasbeenofficiallylistedindictionariessince2015.Theentertainmentcompaniesrecognizethisbehaviorandmanytakestepstoencourageit.Often，insteadofreleasingeachepisodeonaweek-by-weekbasis，anentireserieswillbecomeavailableconcurrently.Oncetheepisodefinishes，manyplatformswilldisplaypop-upswith“youmightlike”suggestions，orwillautomaticallyplaythenextepisode.However，recentresearchsuggeststhatoutofthemorethanhalfofBritishadultswhowatchmorethanoneepisodeofashowback-to-back(一集接一集地)，almostathirdhaveadmittedmissingsleeporbecomingtiredasaresult;andonequarterhaveneglectedtheirhouseholdchores.Nextwe’llbemissingwork!Bingeinghasotherconnections—bingeeating，bingedrinkingandbingesmoking.Allofthemareoftenassociatedwithalackofcontrolandapossibleroutetoaddiction.LindseyFussell，consumergroupdirector，said，“Thedaysofwaitingaweekforthenextepisodearelargelygone，withpeoplefindingithardtoresistwatchingmultipleepisodesaroundthehouseoronthemove.”Ifpeoplefindbinge-watchinghardtoresist，arewewitnessingthebirthofanewtypeofaddiction?Thecountlessnumberofinformationandentertainmentthattelevisionandonlinemediacanbringusis，manywouldsay，agoodthing.However，whentheactivitybeginstobleedintootherareas，causingustostopfunctioningthenitbecomesaproblem.So，what’stheanswer?Moderation!Neitheratinyamount，nortoomuch.Afterall，astheoldproverbsays，“Alittleofwhatyoufancydoesyougood.”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，導(dǎo)致很多人刷劇。文章分析了出現(xiàn)此類現(xiàn)象的原因和影響并提出了解決這一問(wèn)題的方法，就是要適度地看劇。1．Howdidthewriterdevelopthefirstparagraph?A．Bygivingadefinition.B．Bytellingastory.C．Bylistingsomeexamples.D．Byanalyzingthecauseandeffect.答案A解析寫作手法題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句可推斷，作者是通過(guò)給出Binge-watching的定義來(lái)開啟文章的。故選A。2．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“concurrently”inPara.2?A．Forconvenience. B．Atthesametime.C．Indetail. D．Freeofcharge.答案B解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“anentireserieswillbecomeavailable”和畫線詞后一句可推知，通常情況下，不是每周發(fā)布一集，而是同時(shí)發(fā)布一整季。由此可知，畫線詞在本句中意為“同時(shí)”，與atthesametime同義。故選B。3．WhatLindseysaidinParagraph4impliesthat.A．peoplecan’tcontroltheirfeelingsB．peoplecan’tresistthetemptationC．peoplehavenopatiencetodoworkD．peopleareaddictedtowaitingforanewepisode答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句可推知，刷劇的現(xiàn)象很嚴(yán)重，人們抵抗不了這種誘惑。故選B。4．Whatadvicedidthewritergiveatlast?A．Tokeeponlinemediafromstoppingfunctioning.B．Toenjoyentertainmentasmuchaspossible.C．Tolearnlifelessonsfromtheepisodes.D．Towatchepisodesinamoderateway.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后三句可知，作者的建議就是要控制，合理有度地看劇。故選D。B“Ifyoudon’tbehave，I’llcallthepolice”isaliethatparentsgenerallyusetogettheiryoungchildrentobehave.Parents’liesworkintheshortterms，butanewstudyledbyNTUSingaporesuggeststhatthey’reassociatedwithharmfuleffectswhenthechildbecomesanadult.Theresearchteamasked379Singaporeanyoungadultswhethertheirparentsliedtothemwhentheywerechildren，howmuchtheylietotheirparentsnow，andhowwelltheyadjusttoadulthoodchallenges.Adultswhoreportedbeingliedtomoreaschildrenweremorelikelytoreportdeceivingtheirparentsintheiradulthood.Theyalsosaidtheyfacedgreaterdifficultyinmeetingpsychologicalandsocialchallenges.LeadauthorAssistantProfessorSetohPeipeifromNTUSingapore’sSchoolofSocialSciencessaid，“Parentingbylyingcanseemtosavetimeespeciallywhentherealreasonsbehindwhyparentswantchildrentodosomethingiscomplicatedtoexplain.Whenparentstellchildrenthat‘honestyisthebestpolicy’，butdisplaydishonestybylying，suchbehaviorcansendconflictingmessagestotheirchildren.Parents