婁底市部分普通高中2025年上學期期末考試高一英語試卷（試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdoesthewomanwantDanieltodo?A.Watertheflowers. B.Cleanthegarden. C.Gooutwithher.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Daniel,Ihavetogooutthisafternoon.Theflowersinthegardenneedtobewatered.Canyouhelpmedothat?M:OK.I’lldoitataroundfiveo’clock.Itwon’tbesohotthen.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanloseweight?A.Byexercisinginthegym.B.Bygoingonadiet.C.Byrunningandwalkingoutdoors.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Youlookgreat.Youseemtobethinnerthanbefore.Areyouonadietorgoingtothegym?W:Neither.Ialwaysgorunningintheparkandkeepwalking5kilometerseveryday.NowIhavelost10kilograms.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Ataparkinglot. B.Atagasstation. C.Athome.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Therearesomanycars.I’mafraidthere’snospaceleftforourcar.Weshouldhaveleftabitearlier.M:Don’tworry,honey.Oh,look.Thatcarisleaving.W:That’sgreat!4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Tellherfriendshe’llbelate.B.Setofftoherfriend’shomenow.C.Visitherfriendlaterintheafternoon.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hasn’tyourChinesefriendinvitedyoutohishousefordinner?There’sjusthalfanhourleft.Whydon’tyousetoffnow?W:Yes.Imustleave.M:Chinesepeopledon’tliketobelate.You’dbettergetthereontime.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirfavoriteanimals. B.Theman’sbirthday. C.Chinesezodiacsigns.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:WhatareChinesezodiacsigns?W:Theyare12animalsChinesepeopleusetoshowtheyearwhenapersonwasborn.M:Sowhatisyourzodiacsign?W:Iwasbornintheyear1994,somineisdog.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhatisJim?A.Achemist. B.Adentist. C.Aneyedoctor.7.Whydoesthewomanneedanewpairofglasses?A.Theoldonesarebroken.B.Hereyesightbecomespoorer.C.Shewantstolookmuchsmarter.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:IsyourfriendJimaneyedoctororadentist?IthinkIneedtomakeanappointmentwithaneyedoctor.M:He’sachemist.YouarethinkingofRobert.He’saneyedoctor.Whydoyouneedtoseehim?W:Well,Ineedanewpairofglasses.M:What’swrongwithyourglasses?Aretheybroken?W:No.It’sjustthatmyeyesightisworseandIneednewones,sothatIcanseeclearly.Icanstilldriveandread,thoughit’snotasclearasI’dlike.M:Isee.I’llcallhimafterIfinisheatingmylunch.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whowillthemaneatwithtonight?A.Hisfriends. B.Hisrelatives. C.Hisfamily.9.Whenwillthemangettotherestaurant?A.Atabout6:00pm. B.Atabout6:30pm. C.Atabout7:00pm.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】W:Morning.ThisisLocalGreen.HowmayIhelpyou,please?M:Yes.ThisisMikeBrowncalling.I’dliketobookatableforthisevening.W:Howmanypeoplewouldyouliketomakeitfor?M:It’smywife’sbirthdaytoday.I’dliketocelebrateitwithherandourtwinsatyourrestaurant.Wedidn’tinvitefriendsorrelatives.W:Gotit.Wouldyouliketohaveacakebroughttoyourtable?M:Yes.Thatwouldbegreat.W:Whattimewouldyoulikeatablefor?M:We’llsetofffromhomeataround6:00pm.Iguesswecangetthereinhalfanhour.W:Good.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhydidJohnmakeanapp?A.Tofinishaproject. B.Tomakemoney. C.Tohavefun.11.Whatistheadvantageoftheapp?A.Itprovidesteachingmaterial.B.Ithasmanyvideogames.C.Itgivesfunquizzes.12.WhatdoesJohnthinkoftheapp?A.It’scostly. B.It’sdifficult. C.It’spopular.【答案】10.A11.C12.C【解析】【原文】W:John,whendidyoucreateyourappGimkit?M:Ididthatintheyear2019.W:Whydidyoucreateit?M:Iwasinmyjunioryearatapublichighschoolthen.Myschoolrequiredustotakepartinprojects.Myprojectthatyearrequiredmetomakeanapp.W:Whatinspiredyoutomakesuchanapp?M:Backthensomeofmyclassmatescomplainedthattheydidn’tlikepreparingfortheirexams.Theyfounditboring.SoIwantedtocreateanappthatcouldmakelearningmorefun.IntheendIcreatedanappthatletsteacherscreateresourcesintheformofgame-stylequizzes.W:Isithelpful?M:Ithinkso.Studentsloveusingit.Nowitisusedbylearnersinmorethan100countriesacrosstheworld.Researchshowsthatitcanincreaselearningbyupto14%.W:I’llcertainlyintroduceittomyyoungerbrother.Ihopeitcanhelphimlearnbetter.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.WheredoesGavinknowabouttheactivities?A.Onawebsite. B.Inamagazine. C.Fromhisbrother.14.WhatactivitywillMarkbeinterestedin?A.StoryBox. B.DiscoveryBox. C.AdventureBoxMAX.15.WhydoesGavinthinkTomwilllikeAdventureBox?A.Helovestakingadventures.B.Heloveslisteningtostories.C.Helovesdrawingforstories.16.OnwhichdaywillMarkandTomgototheactivities?A.July3rd. B.July10th. C.July17th.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoudoing,Gavin?M:I’mreadingaboutsomeactivitiesorganizedbyBayardMagazinesonitssiteW:Whatactivitiesareorganizedthisyear?M:Quiteafew.Theactivitiesaredesignedfordifferentagegroups.StoryBoxisforlittlereadersaged3to6yearsold.AdventureBoxisforchildrenaged6to9yearsold.AdventureBoxMAXisforfictionloversaged9to14yearsoldandDiscoveryBoxisforfactloversage9to14yearsold.W:IthinkMarkwillbeinterestedintheDiscoveryBox.Shouldwetellhimaboutit?M:Ofcourse.Iwanthimtohavesomefunthissummer.HecangowithTom.W:IsyourbrothercomingwithTomthissummer?M:Yes.They’llspendaweekhere.IthinkTomwilllikeAdventureBoxbest.W:Why?M:Becauseitallowschildrentolistentoaudiostories,drawpicturesforstoriesandmakeabookofsummeradventures.Tomlovesdrawingforstories.W:Whenwilltheactivitiestakeplace?M:They’llbeginonJuly3rdandwilltakeplaceeveryweek.Theycangothereonthefirstdayofthesecondweek.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhendidHariniLoganwinthecontest?A.Onhersecondtimeinit. B.Onherthirdtimeinit. C.Onherfourthtimeinit.18.HowmanywordsdidVikramRajumanagetospellinthespell-off?A.12. B.15. C.2l.19.HowdidHariniLoganprobablyfeelaboutthejudges’newdecision?A.Happy. B.Nervous. C.Upset.20.WhatdoesVikramRajudecidetodo?A.Donatehis$50,000bonus.B.Enterthecontestnextyear.C.Quitcompetinginthecontest.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:HariniLoganisa14-year-oldstudentfromSanAntonio,Texas.ShefinallywontheScrippsNationalSpellingBeeaftershefailedtowinforthreetimes.HariniLogan’swinningcamelateThursday.Shespelled21wordscorrectlyduringthe90-secondspell-off.Hercompetitor,12-year-oldVikramRajuofAurora,Coloradojustmanagedtospell15wordscorrectly.Beforethespell-off,Loganthoughtshehadlostthecompetition,becauseshewastoldshehadansweredaquestionincorrectlyduringthevocabularyroundofthespellingbee.Afewminuteslater,headjudgeMaryBrookssaidthejudgesstudiedheranswer.Theydecidedtochangetheirdecision.Itturnedoutheranswertothatquestionwascorrect.Becauseofthat,shecouldcompeteinthespell-offandfinallywon.Hariniwon$50,000inprizes.TheScrippsNationalSpellingBeetakesplaceinWashington,D.C.Itbeganin1925.Itisheldonceayear.VikramRajucameinsecond.Hehopestoreturnnexttime.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ALikereading?InterestedinChineseclassicalnovels?HavealookatthefollowingfourbookswhichareweknowntomostChineseasFourMasterpieces.TheWaterMarginTheWaterMargin,alsoknownasAllMenAreBrothersinPearlBuck’stranslation,ShuiHuZhuaninChinese,isalongchapternovelwiththeSongJiangUprisinginthelateNorthernSongDynastyasthemainbackgroundandtypeofheroiclegend.Itisanimmortal(不朽的)novelandhasinspiredmanystorytellers.TheauthorofthenovelisgenerallyregardedasShiNai’an(1296~1371).RomanceoftheThreeKingdomsRomanceoftheThreeKingdomsisthefirstfull-lengthhistoricalromancenovelinChina.ItsauthorisLuoGuanzhong(about1330~1400),afamousnovelistinthelateYuanDynastyandtheearlyMingDynasty.CharacterssuchasLiuBei,CaoCao,GuanYu,ZhangFeiandZhugeLianghavebecomehouseholdnamesamongtheChinese.JourneytotheWestJourneytotheWestisthefirstromanticchapternovelaboutgodsanddevilsinancientChina.Thereare100copiesofJourneytotheWestintheexistingMingPublicationswithouttheauthor’ssignature.WuYuxuan,ascholaroftheQingDynasty,firstproposedthattheauthorofJourneytotheWestwasWuCheng’en(1500~1582)oftheMingDynasty.TheDreamoftheRedChamberTheDreamoftheRedChamber,alsocalledTheStoryoftheStone,issaidtobethegreatestmasterpieceofChinesefiction.ItisgenerallybelievedtobewrittenbyCaoXueqin(about1715~1763),awriteroftheQingDynasty.Withhundredsofpersonsandtheirstories,thestoryisverycomplexbutalsoveryinterestingforitsencyclopediccharacter(百科全書式的人物).21.WhichbookshouldpeoplereadiftheywanttoknowsomethingaboutthecharacterSongJiang?A.TheWaterMargin. B.RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.C.JourneytotheWest. D.TheDreamoftheRedChamber.22.Wholivedinthe16thcentury?A.ShiNai’an. B.LuoGuanzhong. C.WuCheng’en. D.CaoXueqin.23.Whatcolumn(專欄)inamagazinemightthepassagecomefrom?A.Health. B.Literature. C.Sports. D.Science.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了中國四大名著。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheWaterMargin部分中“TheWaterMargin,alsoknownasAllMenAreBrothersinPearlBuck’stranslation,ShuiHuZhuaninChinese,isalongchapternovelwiththeSongJiangUprisinginthelateNorthernSongDynastyasthemainbackgroundandtypeofheroiclegend.

(《水滸傳》是一部以北宋末年宋江起義為主要背景和英雄傳奇類型的長篇小說，在賽珍珠的譯名《水滸傳》中又稱“天下皆兄弟”。)”可知，如果讀者想要了解關(guān)于宋江的故事，可以閱讀《水滸傳》。故選A。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheDreamoftheRedChamber部分中“TheDreamoftheRedChamber,alsocalledTheStoryoftheStone,issaidtobethegreatestmasterpieceofChinesefiction.ItisgenerallybelievedtobewrittenbyCaoXueqin(about1715~1763),awriteroftheQingDynasty.

(《紅樓夢》，也叫《石頭記》，據(jù)說是中國小說中最偉大杰作。一般認為是清代作家曹雪芹(約1715~1763)所著。)”可知，清代作家曹雪芹生活在16世紀。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，文章介紹了中國四大名著，因此推斷文章出自于雜志的文學專欄。故選B。BInAmericanschoolsthereissomethingcalledHomecomingDay.Manyhighschoolsandcollegeswithafootballteamhaveahomecominggame.Thiscanbethemostimportanteventoftheyearexceptgraduationday.StudentsplanHomecomingDayformanyweeksinadvance.SeveraldaysbeforeHomecoming,studentsstarttodecoratetheschool.Therearesignstowishlucktotheteam,andmanyothersignstowelcomeallthegraduates.Themembersofschoolclubsbuildbooths(攤位)andselllemonade,applesandsandwiches.Someclubshelptowelcomevisitors.Duringthedayalumniwillgatherattheschool.Theyliketolookforteachersthattheyremember.Oftentheyseeoldfriendsandtheytalktogetheraboutthosehappyyearsinschool.ManypeoplestillcometoHomecomingtwentyorthirtyyearsaftertheirgraduation.Everyonesooncomestowatchthefootballgame.Whenthegameishalfover,abandcomesontothefieldandplaysschoolsongs.AnotherimportantmomentiswhentheHomecomingQueenorKingappears.AllthestudentsvotethemostpopularstudentHomecomingQueenorKing.Itisagreathonortobechosen.Homecomingisahappyday,butitisnotperfectunlessthefootballteamwinsthegame.Evenifthegameloses,thestudentsstillenjoyHomecoming.Somestayattheschooltodanceandothersgotoaparty.Foreveryoneitisadayworthremembering.24.WhatarestudentsbusydoingbeforeHomecomingDay?A.Makingafootballteam. B.Decoratingtheschool.C.Takingtheirexams. D.Preparingforgraduation.25Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alumni”inPara3referto?A.Parents. B.Teachers. C.Managers. D.Graduates.26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebygraduatesonHomecoming?A.Tojoininafootballmatch. B.Toseetheiroldfriends.C.Towatchthefootballgame. D.Tovisitteacherstheyremember.27.HowdoesHomecomingQueenorKingcomeabout?A.Votedbyalltheparents. B.Chosenfromthebestteachers.C.Electedbyallthestudents. D.Giventothebestfootballplayer.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在美國的學校里有一種校友返校日的活動，以及學生們?yōu)檫@天所做的準備和這一天所發(fā)生的活動?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“SeveraldaysbeforeHomecoming,studentsstarttodecoratetheschool.(返校前幾天，學生們開始裝飾學校)”可知，返校節(jié)前學生們開始忙于裝飾學校。故選B?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyliketolookforteachersthattheyremember.Oftentheyseeoldfriendsandtheytalktogetheraboutthosehappyyearsinschool.ManypeoplestillcometoHomecomingtwentyorthirtyyearsaftertheirgraduation.(他們喜歡尋找他們記得的老師。他們經(jīng)?？吹嚼吓笥?，他們一起談論那些快樂的學校歲月。許多人在畢業(yè)二、三十年后仍然參加返校節(jié))”可推測，返回的這些人看望老師，同學，回憶當年的美好歲月，故劃線詞alumni指的是畢業(yè)生。故選D。【26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Duringthedayalumniwillgatherattheschool.Theyliketolookforteachersthattheyremember.Oftentheyseeoldfriendsandtheytalktogetheraboutthosehappyyearsinschool.(白天校友們會聚集在學校。他們喜歡尋找他們記得的老師。他們經(jīng)常看到老朋友，他們一起談論那些快樂的學校歲月)”以及第四段“Everyonesooncomestowatchthefootballgame.(每個人很快都來觀看足球比賽)”可知，A項在文章中未提及。故選A。【27題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AnotherimportantmomentiswhentheHomecomingQueenorKingappears.AllthestudentsvotethemostpopularstudentHomecomingQueenorKing.(另一個重要的時刻是返校節(jié)女王或國王出現(xiàn)的時候。所有學生投票選出最受歡迎的學生為返校節(jié)皇后或國王)”可知，HomecomingQueenorKing是由學生們投票選出的。故選C。CParentsonceshouted,“Don’tgetdirty!”,astheyangrilywatchedtheirchildrenspoiltheirbestclothes,theirwhitesturningintobrownbeforethedaywasover.Today,manyparentsmaysecretlywishtheirchildrenhadthechancetopickupabitofdirt.Withtheriseofurbanism(城市化),andexcitingvideogamesandsocialmedia,contactwithnatureismuchrarerthaninthepast.Formany,thereissimplynochancetogetmuddy(沾滿泥的).Accordingtorecentresearch,thedirtoutsideisteamingwithfriendlymicroorganismsthatcantraintheimmunesystemandbuildresistance(抵抗力)tomanyillnesses,includingallergies,asthmaandevendepressionandanxiety.Thesefindingsshowthatoutdoorexerciseisnotonlybeneficialbecauseofthechancetowanderfree—butthatcertainnaturalmaterials,suchassoilandmud,alsocontainsurprisinglypowerfulmicroorganismswhosepositiveimpactonchildren’shealthweareonlybeginningtofullyunderstand.Outdoorplaycanalsooffervaluablelearningexperiences.Forexample,theactofplayingmudorsandcanhelpchildrendevelopthewaytheirsensesandmovementinteract.Suchactivities—awayfromthehouseorclassroom—mayalsohelpchildrentofindwaystodealwithemotionsthatmaybehardtoexploreinotherenvironments.So-called“sandtraytherapy”,whichinvolvesusingsandandsmallstatuestoexpressone’sthoughtsandfeelings,isanacceptedformofguidanceforchildrenwhoarestrugglingtoexpresstheiremotionalstate.Clearly,peoplewhospentmosttheirchildhoodinthecountrysidetendtoshowabetterresponsetostressfuleventslikepublicspeakingcomparedwiththosewhohadgrownupincities.“Thepeoplewhogrewupincitiesarekindof‘walkingtimebombs’whenfacingthestresswemeettoday.However,peoplesincechildhoodwhospentlotsoftimeinnaturearegenerallymorepositive.”saysChristopherLowry,aprofessorofintegrativephysiology.28.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byprovidingaresearch. B.Bygivingadefinition.C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Byansweringaquestion.29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthebenefitofoutdoorexercise?A.Improvingtheimmunesystem. B.Expressingemotionsinproperways.C.Gainingvaluablelearningexperiences. D.Teamingwithfriendlymicroorganisms.30.Whyaresomepeople“walkingtimebombs”?A.Becausetheyareharmfultothepublic. B.Becausetheyaregoodatpublicspeaking.C.Becausetheyaremoreeasilyhurtbystress. D.Becausetheyalwaysstaypositiveandenergetic.31.Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?A.Gettingdirty?—Muddypuddlesareactuallygood.B.Outdooractivitiesarefarmorepopularthanbefore.C.Childrenwillhavenostressiftheyliveinthecountryside.DIllnessescanbeavoidedifchildrenareconfidentandpositive.【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究表明，戶外運動有許多好處，與在城市長大的人相比，童年大部分時間在農(nóng)村度過的人往往對公眾演講等壓力大的事件表現(xiàn)出更好的反應?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Parentsonceshouted,“Don’tgetdirty!”,astheyangrilywatchedtheirchildrenspoiltheirbestclothes,theirwhitesturningintobrownbeforethedaywasover.(父母們曾經(jīng)大喊：“不要弄臟!，他們憤怒地看著孩子們弄臟了他們最好的衣服，一天還沒結(jié)束，他們的白衣服就變成了棕色)”以及第二段“Today,manyparentsmaysecretlywishtheirchildrenhadthechancetopickupabitofdirt.(今天，許多父母可能暗自希望他們的孩子有機會撿起一點污垢)”結(jié)合下文介紹在戶外的好處和“沙盤療法”可推知，作者通過比較引入主題。故選C?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Accordingtorecentresearch,thedirtoutsideisteamingwithfriendlymicroorganismsthatcantraintheimmunesystemandbuildresistance(抵抗力)tomanyillnesses,includingallergies,asthmaandevendepressionandanxiety.(根據(jù)最近的研究，室外的污垢與友好的微生物結(jié)合在一起，可以訓練免疫系統(tǒng)，增強對許多疾病的抵抗力，包括過敏、哮喘，甚至抑郁和焦慮)”，第三段“Thesefindingsshowthatoutdoorexerciseisnotonlybeneficialbecauseofthechancetowanderfree—butthatcertainnaturalmaterials,suchassoilandmud,alsocontainsurprisinglypowerfulmicroorganismswhosepositiveimpactonchildren’shealthweareonlybeginningtofullyunderstand.Outdoorplaycanalsooffervaluablelearningexperiences.Forexample,theactofplayingmudorsandcanhelpchildrendevelopthewaytheirsensesandmovementinteract.(這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，戶外運動不僅因為有機會自由漫步而有益，而且某些天然材料，如土壤和泥漿，也含有令人驚訝的強大微生物，它們對兒童健康的積極影響，我們才剛剛開始完全了解。戶外活動也能提供寶貴的學習經(jīng)驗。例如，玩泥巴或沙子的行為可以幫助孩子們發(fā)展他們的感官和運動相互作用的方式)”以及第四段“Suchactivities—awayfromthehouseorclassroom—mayalsohelpchildrentofindwaystodealwithemotionsthatmaybehardtoexploreinotherenvironments.(這樣的活動——遠離家或教室——也可以幫助孩子們找到處理情緒的方法，這些情緒在其他環(huán)境中可能很難探索)”可知，與友好微生物合作不是戶外運動的好處。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Clearly,peoplewhospentmosttheirchildhoodinthecountrysidetendtoshowabetterresponsetostressfuleventslikepublicspeakingcomparedwiththosewhohadgrownupincities.“Thepeoplewhogrewupincitiesarekindof‘walkingtimebombs’whenfacingthestresswemeettoday.(顯然，與在城市長大的人相比，童年大部分時間在農(nóng)村度過的人往往對公眾演講等壓力大的事件表現(xiàn)出更好的反應。“面對我們今天所面臨的壓力，在城市長大的人有點像‘行走的定時炸彈’)”可知，有些人是“行走的定時炸彈”因為他們更容易受到壓力的傷害。故選C。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第二段“Accordingtorecentresearch,thedirtoutsideisteamingwithfriendlymicroorganismsthatcantraintheimmunesystemandbuildresistance(抵抗力)tomanyillnesses,includingallergies,asthmaandevendepressionandanxiety.(根據(jù)最近的研究，室外的污垢與友好的微生物結(jié)合在一起，可以訓練免疫系統(tǒng)，增強對許多疾病的抵抗力，包括過敏、哮喘，甚至抑郁和焦慮)”可知，文章主要說明了研究表明，戶外運動有許多好處，與在城市長大的人相比，童年大部分時間在農(nóng)村度過的人往往對公眾演講等壓力大的事件表現(xiàn)出更好的反應。可知，A選項“變臟了？——泥濘的水坑其實很好”最符合文章標題。故選A。DDoyouknowthattheoldesttreeisa5,000-yearoldbristleconepine(狐尾松)locatedintheforestsofNevada?Unfortunately,manyofthesepreciousold-growthtreesarestartingtodisappearfromourplanet.Thetermold-growthreferstotreesthatare150yearsorolder.ThismeansthatmanyofthetreesontheEarthtodayareyounger,smaller,andhaveshorterlifespans.AstheEarth’stemperaturewarmsupduetoclimatechange,itishavingunintendedeffectsontheworld’sforests.Whentemperaturesrise,treesclosetheirpores(氣孔)topreventthelossofmoisture,andthis,inturn,slowsdowntheprocessofphotosynthesis(光合作用).Asaresult,thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly,aswellashaveahighdeathrate.Climatechangealsoincreasesthepossibilityofdroughtsandwildfires.Afterwildfires,ittakesawhilefortheforestecosystemstorecover,andinsomecases,theforestsarelostpermanently.Treesthatarestressedarealsosusceptible(易受影響的)toattacksbybacteria(細菌).Finally,humanshavechangedtheforestlandscapethroughlogging(伐木).TherearesomewhoclaimthatincreasedgreenhousegasemissionishelpingtreesgrowfasterbecauseCO2,isneededforphotosynthesis.Whilesomeyoungertreesmaybenefitfromthis,weareseeingsignificantlymorelossofforeststhangain.Old-growthforestsareastorehouseofcarbon,andwhentheydie,thestoredCO2,isreleasedintotheairworseningthegreenhouseeffect.Olderforestshavehigherbiodiversity,whichisbeneficialaseachorganismhasaroletoplayandthereisawidevarietyofspecies.Astheseforestsdisappear,speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtorelocate,affectingthebiodiversityofthoseecosystems.Unfortunately,someendangeredspeciesareunabletoadaptandgoextinct.Withtreesdyingcontinuously,willfuturegenerationsmissoutonthewondersofforests?32.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.Whybacteriamayattackoldtrees. B.Whatleadstotherisingtemperatures.C.Whyold-growthforestsaredisappearing. D.Howglobalwarmingcausesnaturaldisasters.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph4referto?A.Species. B.Olderforests. C.Organisms. D.Rolesorganismsplay.34.Thelastsentenceofthetextisactually____________.A.adoubt B.awarning C.ablame D.asuggestion35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext?A.Tourgepeopletoreducegasemission. B.Toexplainthegreenhouseeffectontrees.C.Tointroducetheprocessofphotosynthesis. D.Tocallonpeopletoprotectold-growthtrees.【答案】32.C33.B34.B35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了古樹正在消失，今天地球上的許多樹木都更年輕，更小，壽命更短。文章解釋了為什么古老森林正在消失以及古老森林的重要性?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“AstheEarth’stemperaturewarmsupduetoclimatechange,itishavingunintendedeffectsontheworld’sforests.Whentemperaturesrise,treesclosetheirpores(氣孔)topreventthelossofmoisture,andthis,inturn,slowsdowntheprocessofphotosynthesis(光合作用).Asaresult,thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly,aswellashaveahighdeathrate.Climatechangealsoincreasesthepossibilityofdroughtsandwildfires.Afterwildfires,ittakesawhilefortheforestecosystemstorecover,andinsomecases,theforestsarelostpermanently.Treesthatarestressedarealsosusceptible(易受影響的)toattacksbybacteria(細菌).Finally,humanshavechangedtheforestlandscapethroughlogging(伐木).(由于氣候變化導致地球溫度升高，這對世界森林產(chǎn)生了意想不到的影響。當溫度升高時，樹木會關(guān)閉氣孔以防止水分流失，而這反過來又會減緩光合作用的過程。因此，這些樹較矮，生長緩慢，死亡率也很高。氣候變化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。野火過后，森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)需要一段時間才能恢復，在某些情況下，森林會永久消失。受到壓力的樹木也容易受到細菌的攻擊。最后，人類通過伐木改變了森林景觀)”可知，第二段的主旨是為什么古老森林正在消失。故選C。【33題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Olderforestshavehigherbiodiversity,whichisbeneficialaseachorganismhasaroletoplayandthereisawidevarietyofspecies.(古老森林具有更高的生物多樣性，這是有益的，因為每種生物都可以發(fā)揮作用，而且此處物種種類繁多)”可知古老森林是許多物種的家園，以及劃線詞所在句“Astheseforestsdisappear,speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtorelocate,affectingthebiodiversityofthoseecosystems”可知，隨著古老森林的消失，曾經(jīng)把古老森林稱為“家園”的物種被迫搬遷，影響了這些生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生物多樣性。故劃線詞指的是“古老森林”。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withtreesdyingcontinuously,willfuturegenerationsmissoutonthewondersofforests?(隨著樹木的不斷死亡，子孫后代會錯過森林的奇觀嗎？)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了古樹正在消失，今天地球上的許多樹木都更年輕，更小，壽命更短。文章解釋了為什么古老森林正在消失以及古老森林的重要性?？赏浦髡咄ㄟ^文章最后一句反問來警告人們失去古樹的后果。故選B。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Unfortunately,manyofthesepreciousold-growthtreesarestartingtodisappearfromourplanet.(不幸的是，許多珍貴的古樹正開始從我們的星球上消失。)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Old-growthforestsareastorehouseofcarbon,andwhentheydie,thestoredCO2,isreleasedintotheairworseningthegreenhouseeffect.(古老森林是碳的倉庫，當它們死亡時，儲存的二氧化碳被釋放到空氣中，加劇了溫室效應)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了古樹正在消失，今天地球上的許多樹木都更年輕，更小，壽命更短。文章解釋了為什么古老森林正在消失以及古老森林的重要性?？赏浦?，作者寫這篇文章的目的是呼吁人們保護古樹。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Way’stoMakeaGreatFirstImpressionYou’vehearditamilliontimesalready,butitreallytakesafewsecondstomakeagoodfirstimpression.Herearesomeeasywaysforyoutoimpressyourclassmatesorteachers.___36___Beforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.___37___BeontimeWhenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,arrivingontimeisveryimportant.Youmayhaveanexcuse,butthatwillleavethepersonwithabadimpression.___38___It’sbettertobealittleearlierthanbelate.IntroduceyourselfandaskfornamesMakesureyouproperlyintroduceyourself.Askfortheirnamesinapoliteway.___39___Thiswillincreasethechancesoftheirrememberingyournameinthefuture.Alwaysremembertostandupwhengreetingsomeoneandbesuretointroducethemtoanyoneyou’rewith.MakegoodconversationTogetthemostoutofyourdiscussion,trytofindsomethingcommonbetweenthetwoofyou.___40___Apersonwillfeelmorecomfortablewithsomeonetheycanrelateto(產(chǎn)生共鳴).A.Usebodylanguage.B.Haveaproperhandshake.C.Repeatthenameanduseitlaterinconversation.D.Asageneralrule,plantoarriveabout30minutesearly.E.Itcouldbeasimilartasteinclothesoracommonhobby.F.You’llbeinserioustroubleifyouleavethemwithabadimpression.G.However,don’thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketbecausethisappearsimpolite.【答案】36.B37.G38.D39.C40.E【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了如何給人留下美好的第一印象?！?6題詳解】空格處是本段小標題，根據(jù)下文“Beforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.(在你和別人握手之前，確保你的手是干凈的。握手不應該太用力或太弱。)”可知，這段主要介紹握手的方式。B項“Haveaproperhandshake.(握手要得體。)”說明了握手要得體，是講的握手的方式，概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為小標題，選項中的“handshake”和下文中的“shakehands”，“handshake”內(nèi)容一致。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.(大多數(shù)人使用右手，除非他們有理由使用左手。)”可知，空格處應該承接前句中提到的theleft。G項“However,don’thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketbecausethisappearsimpolite.(但是，不要把左手放在口袋里，因為這顯得不禮貌。)”提到了和左手相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，選擇項中的“l(fā)efthand”和前句中的“theleft”保持一致，且前后句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此G選項承接上文，符合語境。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后句“It’sbettertobealittleearlierthanbelate.(早一點到總比遲到好。)”可知，前句建議要提前到達。D項“Asageneralrule,plantoarriveabout30minutesearly.(一般來說，計劃提前30分鐘到達。)”說明了要提前到達，選擇項中的“early”和后句中的“earlier”保持一致，因此D選項承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。【39題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Askfortheirnamesinapol