SectionC

DiscoveringUsefulStructures&

ListeningandTalkingⅠ.知識(shí)體系圖解

重點(diǎn)詞匯

1.vt.回收利用;再利用

2.n.肌肉;實(shí)力;影響力

3.n.缺乏;短缺vt.沒有;缺乏

4.vi.浮動(dòng);漂流;漂浮vt.使浮動(dòng);使漂流

5.adv.否那么;要不然

6.prep.在更遠(yuǎn)處;超出

7.adj.當(dāng)前的;現(xiàn)在的n.水流;電流;思潮

8.adj.熱衷的;渴望的recycle

muscle

lackfloat

otherwise

beyond

current

keen9.solaradj.

10.solarsystem

11.sufficientadj.

12.soapn.

13.toweln.

14.microwaven.(alsomicrowaveoven)

15.tissuen.

16.facilityn.

太陽的;太陽能的太陽系;類太陽系足夠的;充足的肥皂毛巾;抹布微波爐

紙巾;(人、動(dòng)植物細(xì)胞的)組織設(shè)施;設(shè)備重點(diǎn)短語

1.figureout

2.inorderto

3.bedeterminedtodo

4.getmarried

5.dueto

6.stayhealthy

7.keepsthundercontrol

8.achieveone’sgoal

9.experimentwith

10.giveup

弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白為了

決定做結(jié)婚

由于保持健康控制;掌控實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想用……做實(shí)驗(yàn)放棄重點(diǎn)句式1.Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlysothattheycankeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.2....itwouldtakeovertwoyearstogettotheclosestplanet,Mars,andback.重點(diǎn)語法動(dòng)詞不定式作定語和狀語Ⅱ.選詞填空

otherwise,recycle,lack,beyond,float1.They

theirgarbagebecausetheycareabouttheenvironment.

2.Theresearch

solidevidence,andtherefore,itsconclusionsaredoubtful.

3.Canyoutellthepupilswhyshipsareableto

onthesea?

4.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage.

wewouldhavevisitedmoreplacesofinterest.

5.Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschanged

recognition.

recycle

lacks

float

OtherwisebeyondⅢ.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空M:Ihavesomethinggood1.

(tell)you,Jennifer.

W:What’sit?M:Aftertryingmybest,Igetachance2.

(have)aten-daypaidleave!

W:Wow!HowIenvyyou!Doyouhaveanyplans?M:Parisisagoodplace3.

(go)sightseeing.

W:Youcantakethechance4.

(travel)aroundEurope.AftertravellingFrance,youcanhaveatourofSwitzerlandbytrain.

M:It’sagoodidea,butIthinkthebestway5.

(get)thereisbyplane.

totelltohavetogototraveltoget重點(diǎn)詞匯1.Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday,whichwillhelpthemstayhealthy.在太空中,宇航員的骨骼和肌肉會(huì)由于缺乏重力而變得非常脆弱,所以他們每天都需要鍛煉,這會(huì)幫助他們保持身體健康?！驹~匯精講】句中的lack是名詞,意為“缺乏〞;lack還可作動(dòng)詞,意為“沒有;缺乏〞。Despitehislackofexperience,hegotthejob.他雖然經(jīng)驗(yàn)缺乏,但還是獲得了這份工作。Welackedconcentrationanditcostusthegoalandthegame.我們注意力不夠集中,結(jié)果丟了球,輸了比賽。Certainvitalinformationislackinginthereport.該報(bào)告缺少某些關(guān)鍵信息。【詞匯拓展】

Ifinditquiteboringtochatwiththosewhoare

lacking

inhumour.我發(fā)現(xiàn)和那些缺乏幽默感的人聊天很無聊。Moreandmorehighrisebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesfor/through

lack

ofspace.由于缺乏空間,大城市中建造了越來越多的高層建筑?！緶剀疤崾尽縧ack作名詞時(shí)常與介詞of連用;作動(dòng)詞時(shí)可作及物動(dòng)詞直接加賓語(不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)),也可作不及物動(dòng)詞,后常與介詞for連用;形容詞lacking常與in連用。2.Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.宇航員在太空工作時(shí)必須用膠帶把所有的東西都粘住,不然的話一切都會(huì)飄走?！驹~匯精講】句中otherwise是副詞,意為“否那么,要不然〞。其用作副詞,還有以下意義:①“另外;別樣〞,相當(dāng)于differently或inanotherway;②“相反地〞,相當(dāng)于intheotherway或onthecontrary;③“在其他方面;除此之外〞,相當(dāng)于inotherordifferentways。otherwise還可用作連詞,意思為“否那么;要不然〞,相當(dāng)于or,orelse或ifnot。We’recommittedtotheproject.Wewouldn’tbehereotherwise.我們是全心全意投入這項(xiàng)工作的,否那么我們就不會(huì)到這里來了。Youwillhavetogonow;otherwiseyou’llmissyourbus.你現(xiàn)在得走了,否那么趕不上公交車了?！驹~匯拓展】有時(shí)otherwise可用在隱含的條件句中,句子用虛擬語氣。Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.我們不知道他的號(hào)碼,否那么我們就給他打了。Heisoldandsick,otherwisehewouldbeworkingrightnow.他又老又病,否那么他現(xiàn)在就在工作了。3.Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoaltoachieve.將人類送往其他行星甚至太陽系之外并不是一個(gè)容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。【詞匯精講】beyond是介詞,具體用法如下:(1)后接表示空間的名詞,意思是“在……那一邊,在……之外〞。如:Heisfromavillagebeyondthemountain.他來自山那邊的一個(gè)村莊。Theairportisaround30milesbeyondthecity.機(jī)場(chǎng)離城市大約30英里。(2)后接表示時(shí)間的名詞,意為“遲于,晚于〞。如:Don’tstaytherebeyondmidnight.不要過了午夜還待在那兒。Myfathercamehome30minutesbeyondtheusualtimethatevening.我的爸爸那天晚上回家比平時(shí)遲了30分鐘。(3)在句中表示“超出(能力、范圍等),為……所不能及〞。如:Thebeautyofthesceneryisbeyondalldescription.這風(fēng)景美得無法形容。I’msorryit’sbeyondmypowertomakeafinaldecisionontheproject.對(duì)不起,這項(xiàng)工程我無權(quán)做最終的決定。(4)常用于疑問句和否認(rèn)句中,表示“除了……之外〞。如:I’venothingelsetotellyoubeyondwhatyouhavealreadyknown.除了你已經(jīng)知道的以外,我再也沒有什么要告訴你的了。Ididn’tnoticeanythingelseatthepartybeyondhisfunnyclothes.我在聚會(huì)上沒注意別的,只看到他那滑稽可笑的衣服?！驹~匯拓展】

重點(diǎn)句式1.Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlysothattheycankeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.太空行走時(shí),宇航員必須緩慢地移動(dòng),這樣他們的身體才能得到控制?！揪涫狡饰觥縮othat=inorderthat,意為“以便〞,引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,從句中常用may,can,could等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Leaveyouritinerarysothatwecanreachyouincaseofemergency.請(qǐng)把你的旅行方案留下來,以便我們?cè)谟龅郊笔聲r(shí)和你取得聯(lián)系。Herparentspinchedandscrapedsothatshecouldstudysingingabroad.她父母省吃儉用好讓她出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)聲樂?！揪涫酵卣埂縮othat也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,從句中一般沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Heworkedhardathislessons,sothathegainedhighgradesintheexams.他努力學(xué)習(xí),結(jié)果考試取得了好成績(jī)。2....itwouldtakeovertwoyearstogettotheclosestplanet,Mars,andback.……到達(dá)最近的行星——火星,并返回,需要超過兩年的時(shí)間?！揪涫狡饰觥縄ttakes/tooksbsometimetodosth意為“做某事花費(fèi)某人……時(shí)間〞。IttakesalongtimetogetfromLondontoSydney.從倫敦到悉尼要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。【句式拓展】

It’sgoingtocostmeover100,000dollarstobuyseveralnewtrucks.買幾輛新卡車將花掉我10萬多美元。Ispenttenyuanonthebook/inbuyingthebook.=Thebookcostmetenyuan.=Ipaidtenyuanforthebook.我花了10元錢買這本書。重點(diǎn)語法動(dòng)詞不定式作定語和狀語一、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語不定式作定語通常放在其修飾的名詞或代詞之后,和被修飾的名詞或代詞之間是主謂關(guān)系、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系、同位關(guān)系或修飾關(guān)系等。1.主謂關(guān)系Thefuturetogreetuswillbebright.我們的未來會(huì)十分美好的。Heisalwaysthefirstpersontocomeandthelastonetoleave.他總是第一個(gè)來,最后一個(gè)離開。2.動(dòng)賓關(guān)系OnSundays,healwayshasalotofletterstowrite.星期天,他總是有許多信要寫。Theteacherleftusalotofproblemstosolve.老師給我們留了許多道題要解答。Hecanfindnoonetomakefriendswith.他找不到可交朋友的人。注意:由于動(dòng)詞不定式與其修飾的詞之間往往有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,因此,如果該不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞,其后應(yīng)有必要的介詞。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.沒什么可擔(dān)憂的。Brownhassomethingimportanttodealwithatpresent.目前布朗有重要的事情要處理。3.同位關(guān)系Hebrokehispromisetowritetohisparentsregularly.他沒有遵守諾言定期給他父母親寫信。Westudentsshouldhavethecouragetofaceanydifficulty.我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該有勇氣面對(duì)任何困難。4.修飾關(guān)系Nowitistimetobeginourclass.現(xiàn)在是上課時(shí)間了。Ineedsomewheretotakeanap.我需要一個(gè)地方打個(gè)盹。Isthatthewaytoopenthecan?那就是翻開罐頭的方法嗎?二、動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語

作狀語用法例句表示目的動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語Weworkhardtobeadmittedintoakeyuniversity.我們努力學(xué)習(xí)以便進(jìn)入重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。inordertodo作目的狀語Inordertopassthedrivingtest,hepracticedveryhard.為了通過駕駛考試,他努力練習(xí)。soastodo作目的狀語Hegotupveryearlysoastogettotheairportontime.他起得很早以便能按時(shí)到達(dá)飛機(jī)場(chǎng)。作狀語用法例句表示結(jié)果onlytodo常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果Hehurriedtotherailwaystationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.他匆忙趕到火車站卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車開走了。...enoughtodo;too...todo;so...astodoHeisoldenoughtojointhearmy.他到了參軍的年齡了。Thegirlissokindastohelptheoldman.那個(gè)女孩很善良,他幫助了那位老人。表示原因todo直接表示原因Hewasastonishedtohearthenews.聽到那個(gè)消息他很震驚。Tomwasveryhappytobeelectedmonitoroftheclass.湯姆被選為班長(zhǎng)很高興。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Keepyour

(肌肉)strongandithelpsyoutoavoidbackproblems.

答案:muscles2.Thereis