2025屆高要區(qū)高三第二次調(diào)研模擬測試英語注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AInanageofendlessscrollinganddigitaloverload,manyfeeldrainedbyconstantscreentime.Digitalminimalismcountersthisbysimplifyingtechuse,prioritizingintentionalityovermindlessconsumption.It’snotaboutabandoningtechnologybutaboutreshapingittoenrichreal-worldexperiences.Therightappscanhelpmanagescreentime,blockdistractions,andencouragemindfulonlineinteractions.Theyofferpracticalsolutionstodigitalclutter,empoweringyoutoregaincontroloveryourtechuse.FocusMeFocusMe

isamulti-purposeappdesignedtokeepdistractionsatbay.Itblocksdistractingwebsitesandappsduringworksessions,helpingyoumaintainfocus.Youcancustomizeschedulestofityourdailyroutineandcontrolwhenandhowyouinteractwithdigitaldistractions,ensuringproductivityisoptimized.ForestForest

gamifiesyoureffortstostayoffyourphonebylettingyougrowavirtualtreewhileyoufocus.Ifyouleavetheapptochecksocialmediaormessages,thetreedies.Thiscreativeconceptencouragesconcentratingontasks,whichprovidesmotivationtostaypresentbothdigitallyandintherealworld.RescueTimeRescueTime

offerspowerfulinsightsintohowyouspendyourdigitalhours.Bytrackingyourtimeonline,itidentifiesareasforimprovement.Theappcategorizesactivitiestoshowwhereyourattentionismostdivided,fosteringmoreintentionaldigitalhabits.ColdTurkeyColdTurkey

isdesignedtohelpyoureclaimcontroloveryourdigitallifewithstrictfocusfeatures.Youcanblockwebsites,lockyourdevices,andschedulebreakstoenhanceproductivity,controldigitaldependencyandreducedistractions.Thisappcanbehandyforthoseseekingarigidapproachtomanagingtechtimeefficiently.Withtherightmindset,theseappscanbecomevaluablealliesinyourjourneytowarddigitalminimalism.1.WhatwillhappenifaForestuserfrequentlyswitchesapps?A.Hisvirtualtreewillfailtosurvive.B.Hisproductivityscorewilldecrease.C.Hisdailyscheduleswillbecustomized.D.Hisdevicewillbelockedautomatically.2.Whichappclassifiesonlineactivitiestoidentifydistractions?A.FocusMe. B.Forest. C.RescueTime. D.ColdTurkey.3.Whatarethefourappsintendedtodo?A.Toincreasedailyscreentimetoboostproductivity.B.Tohelpuserscompletelygetridofsocialmediause.C.Toexerciseintentionalcontroloverdigitaldistractions.D.Toreplacehumanrelationshipswithvirtualinteractions.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹數(shù)字極簡主義的概念及其在應(yīng)對數(shù)字過載中的作用，并詳細闡述了四個應(yīng)用程序（FocusMe、Forest、RescueTime和ColdTurkey）的功能，這些應(yīng)用旨在幫助用戶管理屏幕時間、阻擋干擾，優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)力，以實現(xiàn)有意識的技術(shù)使用?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Forest中“Forestgamifiesyoureffortstostayoffyourphonebylettingyougrowavirtualtreewhileyoufocus.Ifyouleavetheapptochecksocialmediaormessages,thetreedies.(Forest通過讓你在專注時種植一棵虛擬樹來使你遠離手機的努力游戲化。如果你離開應(yīng)用程序去查看社交媒體或消息，樹就會死亡。)”可知，如果Forest用戶頻繁切換應(yīng)用程序，他的虛擬樹將無法存活。故選A項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RescueTime中“RescueTimeofferspowerfulinsightsintohowyouspendyourdigitalhours.Bytrackingyourtimeonline,itidentifiesareasforimprovement.Theappcategorizesactivitiestoshowwhereyourattentionismostdivided,fosteringmoreintentionaldigitalhabits.(RescueTime提供了關(guān)于你如何度過數(shù)字時間的強大見解。通過跟蹤你的在線時間，它能確定需要改進的地方。該應(yīng)用程序?qū)顒舆M行分類，以顯示你的注意力最分散的地方，培養(yǎng)更有目的性的數(shù)字習(xí)慣。)”可知，RescueTime應(yīng)用程序?qū)υ诰€活動進行分類來識別干擾。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Digitalminimalismcountersthisbysimplifyingtechuse,prioritizingintentionalityovermindlessconsumption.(數(shù)字極簡主義通過簡化技術(shù)使用來應(yīng)對這一點，優(yōu)先考慮有意識而非無意識的消耗。)”和“Therightappscanhelpmanagescreentime,blockdistractions,andencouragemindfulonlineinteractions.(合適的應(yīng)用可以幫助管理屏幕時間、阻擋干擾，并鼓勵有意識的在線互動。)”以及下文對四款應(yīng)用的介紹可推知，這四款應(yīng)用程序的目的是對數(shù)字干擾進行有意的控制，以幫助用戶實現(xiàn)數(shù)字極簡主義。故選C項。BEverytimeIpickedupmysonatDayCarelastyear,ourreunionwasinterruptedbythesamequestionfromtheother3-year-olds:“Whyareyouinthatwheelchair?”SomepeoplethoughtIshouldhaveaclassvisitwhereIexplainedmydisability,maybereadarelevantbook.Tobefair,Iamagoodcandidateforthiskindofconversation.IstartedusingawheelchairwhenIwas6,andwhenIdiscovereddisabilitystudiesingraduateschool,Iunderstood,forthefirsttimeinmylife,disabilityasanidentity.Istartedcreating“minimemoirs(回憶錄)”onsocialmediathatsharedmyfirsthandexperience—thefeelingofbeingstaredatandbeingprayedoverbystrangers.Istartedtounderstandthewheelchairaspartofmybrand.Overtime,Irarelydeviatedfrompoststiedtodisability.Evenifitwasn’tatthecenterofthestory,Iconnectedthosethingswithadirectlineforreaders.Thiswayofshowingmyselfpushedmywritingintothepublicconversationin2020.Fiveyearslater,Istilltravelthecountryspeakingaboutdisability,accessibility,andinclusion.It’sadreamtodothiswork.ItmightexplainwhyIwasn’teagertoeducatemyson’sclassondisability.Thisismyareaofexpertise!Iunderstandmydifferenceisunavoidablyvisible,butInoticedthelonging.Iwantedthesekidstoseethatourfamilywasjustonekindofdifferenceinaseaofdifferences.Andthetruthis,manyofuswithdisabilitiesaren’tjustanotherparentintheroom.ItoftenfeelslikeIhavetwochoices:erasure(消除)orspotlight—“Idon’tseeyouasdisabled”or“Ifollowyoutolearnmoreaboutdisability.”Still,thereisanideainmethatIwishtoblur(模糊)theedgesofafixedbrandandplayfreelyinthespacesofdiscovery.Maybethisisalookatthelong-termgoalIdreamof—disabilityasalivingpartofagreaterwhole.Neitherhiddenintheshadowsnorforcedintothespotlight,butintegratedintoacommunity,acceptedasonevaluablepartofoursharedhumanity.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deviated”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Departed. B.Benefited. C.Suffered. D.Recovered.5.Whywastheauthorunwillingtoeducatekidsondisability?A.Shewasbusywithherownwork.B.Shewasworriedaboutherson’sfeeling.C.Shewantedtobeseenasanormalparent.D.Shedoubtedkids’understandingofdisability.6.Whydoestheauthormentiontwochoicesinparagraph5?AToshowthedifficultiesofbeingadisabledparent.B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofherworkondisability.C.Toillustratethecomplexsituationdisabledpeopleface.D.Toexplainherunwillingnesstotalkaboutdisability.7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsherdisability?A.Negative. B.Optimistic. C.Indifferent. D.Dismissive.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為輪椅使用者，分享個人經(jīng)歷與感悟，探討如何在公眾視野中展現(xiàn)自我，并表達對殘疾被自然接納、融入社區(qū)的期望?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Overtime,Irarelydeviatedfrompoststiedtodisability.Evenifitwasn’tatthecenterofthestory,Iconnectedthosethingswithadirectlineforreaders.(隨著時間推移，我很少deviated與殘疾相關(guān)的帖子。即使故事的核心不是殘疾，我也會為讀者將這些內(nèi)容直接關(guān)聯(lián)到殘疾主題。)”可知，即使故事的核心不是殘疾，作者也會為讀者將這些內(nèi)容直接關(guān)聯(lián)到殘疾主題，所以作者的帖子幾乎從未偏離過與殘疾相關(guān)的主題，deviated意為“偏離”，與departed意思相近。故選A。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ItmightexplainwhyIwasn’teagertoeducatemyson’sclassondisability.Thisismyareaofexpertise!Iunderstandmydifferenceisunavoidablyvisible,butInoticedthelonging.Iwantedthesekidstoseethatourfamilywasjustonekindofdifferenceinaseaofdifferences.(這或許能解釋為什么我并不熱衷于給兒子班級上關(guān)于殘疾的課。這是我的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域！我知道我的不同必然會被注意到，但我更希望這些孩子看到，我們的家庭只是萬千差異中的一種。)”可知，作者不愿刻意教育孩子關(guān)于殘疾的知識，而是希望被視為普通家長。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“ItoftenfeelslikeIhavetwochoices:erasure(消除)orspotlight—“Idon’tseeyouasdisabled”or“Ifollowyoutolearnmoreaboutdisability.”(我常常感覺只有兩種選擇：被忽視或被關(guān)注——“我不把你看作殘疾人”或“我關(guān)注你以了解更多殘疾相關(guān)的事”。)”可知，作者通過描述這兩種選擇，說明殘疾人面臨的復(fù)雜處境：要么被忽視，要么被過度關(guān)注。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Maybethisisalookatthelong-termgoalIdreamof—disabilityasalivingpartofagreaterwhole.Neitherhiddenintheshadowsnorforcedintothespotlight,butintegratedintoacommunity,acceptedasonevaluablepartofoursharedhumanity.(這或許指向了我長久以來夢想：讓殘疾成為更大整體中鮮活的一部分。它既不被隱匿在陰影里，也不被強行推到聚光燈下，而是自然地融入社區(qū)，被接納為人類共同性中寶貴的一環(huán)。)”可知，作者希望殘疾身份自然地被接納，對自身殘疾持積極、樂觀的態(tài)度。故選B。CNaturespeaksforitself,whileartamplifies(增強)whatevernaturehastosay.ArtistLucaGnizio’slatestproject,Forsoultree,speaksmorethanwordscould.Theprojectstartedwiththeaccidentaldiscoveryofacentury-oldHolmOaktreetrunkthathadbeenbroughtdownbynatureinapark.WhenGniziowascalledin,heimmediatelythoughtofgivingthedeadtrunksomelife.Overthepastdecade,Gniziohasmadeanameforhimself,establishingawholenewformofartthatharmonizeswithnature.Inhiswork,hefocusesonthreeRs:reduce,reuseandrecycle.TheForsoultreetakesonvariousaspectsofhisartisticapproach.Theaimofthisprojectwasnotonlytoreusebutalsotopreserveandgivelife.ToGnizio,whatmostpeoplecallwastecanberepurposedtogivemoremeaningtolife.Hehasmanagedtocreatenewlevelsofbeautywiththetrunk,combiningitwiththenaturalenvironmentandusingitasthecentralpoint.Notably,itisthetransformationofpartsofthetrunkintoseats.Hehascreatedtwouniqueseatswiththetrunkstillinitsprimarylocation.Allaroundthetrunkitselfarebreathtakingviewsoftheparkforanyloverofthenaturalspace.Ifyouthinksittingonadeadtrunkwillbeboring,whataboutbathing?Gniziohascarvedoutadeepbasinwithsufficientrestingspace.Anadultcanlieonthefloorofthebasinlookingupwardsandenjoythepeacefulsurroundingnature.Unfortunately,thebasinisonlyforartisticpurposes.Youmaynotbeabletobatheinit,butyouwillsurelyenjoytheviews.“Forsoultreespeaksofbeautyandrespectandremindsusthatnothingbelongstousonthisearth,wherewearesimplypassingguests,”explainedGnizio.Hisartoffersanopportunityforustolearnmoreaboutourenvironmentandalsoappreciatelifeasitis.8.WhatcanbelearnedaboutForsoultreefromparagraph1?A.Ithighlightsrenewednaturalart. B.Itinvolvesintentionaldiscovery.C.Itfeaturesanartificiallandscape. D.Itdisplaysapurposefullycuttrunk.9.WhatdoweknowaboutGnizio?A.Hefocusesonlyonreusingmaterials. B.Hecreatesinnovativeeco-friendlyart.C.Hebelieveswasteshouldbeabandoned. D.Heavoidssigningnamesonhisproject.10.Whydoestheauthormentiontheuniqueseatsandadeepbasin?A.Tosuggestbathinginthetrunk. B.Toemphasizethepark’sbeauty.C.Toindicatethevalueoflocation. D.Toshowthetrunk’sfunctionality.11.WhatdoesGniziosuggest?A.Recognizingenvironmentalrespect. B.Valuingtemporarymaterialpossessions.C.Concentratingentirelyonartisticcreation. D.Prioritizingtheconceptofhumanownership.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹藝術(shù)家盧卡·尼齊奧的Forsoultree項目，他賦予枯樹干新生命的創(chuàng)作理念及成果。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theprojectstartedwiththeaccidentaldiscoveryofacentury-oldHolmOaktreetrunkthathadbeenbroughtdownbynatureinapark.WhenGniziowascalledin,heimmediatelythoughtofgivingthedeadtrunksomelife.(該項目始于在公園偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)一棵被大自然擊倒的百年HolmOak樹干。當(dāng)尼齊奧被叫來后，他立即想到要給這棵枯樹干賦予一些生命力。)”可知，F(xiàn)orsoultree強調(diào)了重生的自然藝術(shù)。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Overthepastdecade,Gniziohasmadeanameforhimself,establishingawholenewformofartthatharmonizeswithnature.Inhiswork,hefocusesonthreeRs:reduce,reuseandrecycle.(在過去的十年里，尼齊奧聲名鵲起，創(chuàng)立了一種與自然和諧共處的全新藝術(shù)形式。在他的作品中，他專注于三個R：減少、再利用和回收。)”可知，尼齊奧展示了他如何通過創(chuàng)新的方式利用自然資源創(chuàng)作環(huán)保藝術(shù)，由此可知，尼齊奧創(chuàng)造了創(chuàng)新的環(huán)保藝術(shù)。故選B項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Notably,itisthetransformationofpartsofthetrunkintoseats.Hehascreatedtwouniqueseatswiththetrunkstillinitsprimarylocation.(值得注意的是，這是將樹干的一部分改造成座椅。他在樹干仍在原位的情況下創(chuàng)造了兩個獨特的座椅。)”及第四段中的“Gniziohascarvedoutadeepbasinwithsufficientrestingspace.(尼齊奧雕刻出一個有足夠休息空間的深盆。)”可推斷，作者提到獨特的座椅和深盆是為了展示樹干的功能性。故選D項?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的““Forsoultreespeaksofbeautyandrespectandremindsusthatnothingbelongstousonthisearth,wherewearesimplypassingguests,”explainedGnizio.(尼齊奧解釋說：“Forsoultree講述了美麗和尊重，提醒我們在這個地球上沒有什么屬于我們，我們只是過客。”)”可知，尼齊奧建議認識到對環(huán)境的尊重。故選A項。DAtasummitinParisinFebruary,2025,techbossesissuedthegrandestclaimsaboutartificialintelligence.DarioAmodei,CEOofAnthropic,saiditwouldleadtothe“l(fā)argestchangetothegloballabormarketinhumanhistory”.JensenHuang,CEOofNVidia,envisionedafuturewhereworkers“areallgoingtobeCEOsofAIagents”.Suchpredictionsdrawonanestablishedthought.Aslargelanguagemodelsgainedpopularityintheearly2020s,economistsandbosseswerehopefulthatAIwouldhelppromoteequality,benefitinglower-skilledworkersmost.DespitesuchoptimismaboutAIasanequalizerinlabormarket,morerecentfindingshavecastdoubtonthisvision.Theyinsteadsuggestafuturewherehigh-flyersflystillhigher,andtherestareleftbehind.Ratherthannarrowinggaps,AIislikelytowidenworkforcedividesinthelongterm.Forexample,forair-trafficcontrollers,AIprocessesflightdatawhileleavingdecisionstohumans,thuskeepingsalarieshigh.Bycontrast,self-check-outsystemssimplifycashiers’(收銀員)roles,automatingtaskslikecalculatingchange,whichlowerstheskillrequirements,causingwagestodecline.Apartfromitsreplacementofroutinejobs,AImayextenditsreachtocreativework.AtA&OShearman,alawfirm,AIcananalyzecontractsandsuggestrevisionswithin30seconds,handlingmuchoftheworkoncedonebyassociatelawyers.Incontrast,topperformershavebeenbestatusingtechnologytomakestrategicdecisions.Therefore,itisjuniorstaffwhoarethemostatrisk.Labormarketshavealwaysbeendefinedbythedestructionofoldrolesandthecreationofnewones.IntheIndustrialRevolution,engineersmasteringmachinerysawtheirwagesskyrocketwhilelaborerslostout.TheComputerAgethenrewardedsoftwareengineersandoutdatedtypists.AIappearstofollowasimilarpath,benefitingthosewithjudgmentandexpertisetohandlecomplex,information-richenvironments.Today’sAIarejustthebeginning.Asitgrowsmorecomplicated,workplacesmightbetransformed,makingeveryworkeraCEOofsorts,asJensenHuanghaspredicted.Buttherewillbenoequalizing:themosttalentedwillstillmakethebestCEOs.12.Whatisthetechbosses’attitudetowardsthefutureofAI?A.Doubtful. B.Ambitious.C.Pessimistic. D.Unconcerned.13.Whatcanweinferaboutthelong-termimpactofAI?A.AIwillslowtheglobaleconomicgrowth.B.AIwillnarrowthegapofwageinequality.C.AIwilldisadvantagelower-skilledworkers.D.AIwillenhancecreativeworkopportunities.14.Whydoestheauthormentionlabormarketchangesinparagraph5?A.Torecommendstablejobs. B.Tostressadvancedtechnology.C.Topictureanuncertainfuture. D.Toillustrateanirresistibletrend.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatDefinestheFutureLaborMarketsB.WhenAISurpassesHumanIntelligenceC.HowAIwillDividetheBestfromtheRestD.WhereHumansStillHaveanEdgeoverAI【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章探討AI對勞動力市場的分化效應(yīng)，科技領(lǐng)袖雖樂觀預(yù)測AI變革，但實際趨勢顯示高技能者將更受益，而低技能崗位面臨薪資下降或替代風(fēng)險，延續(xù)了歷史上技術(shù)加劇不平等的趨勢?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AtasummitinParisinFebruary,2025,techbossesissuedthegrandestclaimsaboutartificialintelligence.DarioAmodei,CEOofAnthropic,saiditwouldleadtothe“l(fā)argestchangetothegloballabormarketinhumanhistory”.JensenHuang,CEOofNVidia,envisionedafuturewhereworkers“areallgoingtobeCEOsofAIagents”.(在2025年2月巴黎舉行的一場峰會上，科技巨頭們對人工智能做出了最宏大的預(yù)言。Anthropic公司首席執(zhí)行官DarioAmodei宣稱，AI將引發(fā)“人類歷史上全球勞動力市場的最大變革”。英偉達首席執(zhí)行官JensenHuang則描繪了這樣一幅未來圖景：所有勞動者“都將成為AI智能體的首席執(zhí)行官”)”可知，科技巨頭們?nèi)鏏nthropic和英偉達的首席執(zhí)行官對AI的未來充滿宏大的設(shè)想。由此可知，他們的態(tài)度是雄心勃勃的。故選B項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Bycontrast,self-check-outsystemssimplifycashiers’(收銀員)roles,automatingtaskslikecalculatingchange,whichlowerstheskillrequirements,causingwagestodecline.(相比之下，自助結(jié)賬系統(tǒng)簡化了收銀員的工作內(nèi)容——系統(tǒng)可自動完成找零計算等操作，從而降低了崗位技能要求，最終導(dǎo)致薪資水平下降)”和第四段中“AtA&OShearman,alawfirm,AIcananalyzecontractsandsuggestrevisionswithin30seconds,handlingmuchoftheworkoncedonebyassociatelawyers.Incontrast,topperformershavebeenbestatusingtechnologytomakestrategicdecisions.Therefore,itisjuniorstaffwhoarethemostatrisk.(在A&OShearman，人工智能能夠在30秒內(nèi)分析合同并提出修改建議，承擔(dān)了大量原本由初級律師完成的工作。相比之下，頂尖從業(yè)者最擅長利用技術(shù)進行戰(zhàn)略決策。正因如此，初級員工面臨的職業(yè)風(fēng)險最為嚴峻)”可知，由于AI的存在，收銀員等低技能崗位薪資下降，初級律師等低經(jīng)驗崗位面臨被替代的風(fēng)險。由此可知，從長遠來看，人工智能將使低技能工人處于不利地位。故選C項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“IntheIndustrialRevolution,engineersmasteringmachinerysawtheirwagesskyrocketwhilelaborerslostout.TheComputerAgethenrewardedsoftwareengineersandoutdatedtypists.AIappearstofollowasimilarpath,benefitingthosewithjudgmentandexpertisetohandlecomplex,information-richenvironments.(工業(yè)革命時期，掌握機械技術(shù)的工程師薪酬暴漲，而體力勞動者則遭受沖擊；計算機時代又讓軟件工程師獲得回報，打字員等職業(yè)則被淘汰。人工智能似乎延續(xù)著相似的軌跡——那些具備復(fù)雜信息處理能力和專業(yè)判斷力的人才將持續(xù)受益)”可知，該段回顧工業(yè)革命和計算機時代的技術(shù)變革，說明勞動力市場始終因技術(shù)革新而重塑。作者以此論證AI的影響是不可阻擋的趨勢。故選D項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段中“DespitesuchoptimismaboutAIasanequalizerinlabormarket,morerecentfindingshavecastdoubtonthisvision.Theyinsteadsuggestafuturewherehigh-flyersflystillhigher,andtherestareleftbehind.(盡管人們對AI作為勞動力市場均衡器持樂觀態(tài)度，但最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這一愿景值得懷疑。研究反而指出，未來可能出現(xiàn)強者愈強、弱者愈弱的局面)”可知，文章的核心觀點是：AI不會均衡勞動力市場，而是加劇人才分化，使高技能者獲益、低技能者受損。因此，C項“人工智能如何加劇精英與大眾的鴻溝”最契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標題。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Inrecentyears,scientistshavenotedarapidincreaseinaveragetemperaturesthroughoutthecountry.AccordingtoareportfromtheNRDC,theaveragetemperatureoftheUnitedStatescouldrisebyasmanyas11degreesFahrenheit(華氏度)bytheendofthe21stcentury.Thiswarmingtrendposesseverethreatstohumanhealth.“____16____”thereportstates.EHEdaysoccurwhenthecombinationoftemperature,windspeedandsurfaceatmosphericpressurereacheshazardouslevels.Theseconditionscanleadtoheat-relateddeaths.____17____Now,theNRDCprojectsthatrisingEHEfrequencyduetoclimatechangemayleadto150,000deathsby2100.TheCDCnotesthatelderlyindividuals,infantsandchronically(慢性地)illpeopleareconsideredthemostvulnerableforheat-relateddeaths.Themostcommoncausesofdeathrelatedtorisingtemperaturesincludethefollowingconditions:Heatexhaustion:Itischaracterizedbyvastsweatingandarapidheartbeat.____18____Othersignsofheatexhaustionincludedizziness,lowbloodpressureandmusclecramps.Cardiovascular(心血管的)disease:Extremeheathasbeenlinkedtoahigherincidencerateofcardiovasculardiseasesandconditions,suchasstrokes.CardiovasculardiseaseisalreadythedeadliestmedicalconditionintheUnitedStates,andstrokesarelistedasthecountry’sthirdleadingcauseofdeath.Kidneydisease:Prolongedexposuretoexcessivelyhottemperaturescanleadtomajorkidneyproblems.____19____Besides,thebody’sabilitytoregulatewaterintakemayalsobeaffected.Inadditiontothehumandeaths,thereisasignificantfinancialimpacttoconsider.‘KillerSummerHeat’discussesaheatwavethatstruckCaliforniainSummer2006.Overthetwo-weekperiodofextremeheat,655peoplelosttheirlives.____20____A.Theheatwaveultimatelyresultedincostsnearing$5.3billion.B.Finally,theheatwavewassuccessfullyovercomebyjointefforts.C.Thesetwosymptomsessentiallyindicatethebodyisoverheating.D.Thepublicwilltakeriskswhentheyareexposedtohightemperatures.E.PreviousEHEshaveeachbeenresponsibleforthousandsofdeathsandinjuries.F.Itisaconditioncausedbydamagedkidneytissueandhasbeenlinkedtolong-termdiseases.G.Theriskstopublichealtharegreatestwhenhightemperaturescausewhat’sknownasanEHE.【答案】16.G17.E18.C19.F20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章指出美國平均氣溫上升，高溫引發(fā)的EHE對公眾健康危害大，還會導(dǎo)致多種疾病甚至死亡，此外高溫還會造成重大經(jīng)濟損失。【16題詳解】下文“EHEdaysoccurwhenthecombinationoftemperature,windspeedandsurfaceatmosphericpressurereacheshazardouslevels.(當(dāng)溫度、風(fēng)速和地表大氣壓力的組合達到危險水平時，就會出現(xiàn)EHE日)”對EHE(極端高溫事件)的成因進行了說明。G選項“Theriskstopublichealtharegreatestwhenhightemperaturescausewhat’sknownasanEHE.(當(dāng)高溫引發(fā)所謂的EHE時，對公眾健康的風(fēng)險最大)”引出了EHE(極端高溫事件)這一概念，與下文對EHE的介紹相呼應(yīng)。故選G項?！?7題詳解】下文“Now,theNRDCprojectsthatrisingEHEfrequencyduetoclimatechangemayleadto150,000deathsby2100.(現(xiàn)在，美國自然資源保護委員會預(yù)測，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致極端高溫事件頻率上升，到2100年可能會導(dǎo)致15萬人死亡)”提到了未來EHE可能導(dǎo)致的死亡人數(shù)。E選項“PreviousEHEshaveeachbeenresponsibleforthousandsofdeathsandinjuries.(以往的極端高溫事件每次都造成了數(shù)千人傷亡)”說明過去EHE也造成了大量傷亡，與下文未來EHE可能導(dǎo)致的死亡情況形成呼應(yīng)。故選E項?！?8題詳解】上文“Heatexhaustion:Itischaracterizedbyvastsweatingandarapidheartbeat.(中暑：其特征是大量出汗和心跳加速)”描述了中暑的兩個癥狀。C選項“Thesetwosymptomsessentiallyindicatethebodyisoverheating.(這兩個癥狀本質(zhì)上表明身體過熱)”對上文提到的兩個癥狀進行總結(jié)，說明這兩個癥狀意味著身體過熱，與上文銜接緊密。故選C項?！?9題詳解】上文“Prolongedexposuretoexcessivelyhottemperaturescanleadtomajorkidneyproblems.(長期暴露在過高的溫度下會導(dǎo)致嚴重的腎臟問題)”指出高溫會導(dǎo)致腎臟問題。F選項“Itisaconditioncausedbydamagedkidneytissueandhasbeenlinkedtolongtermdiseases.(這是一種由腎組織受損引起的狀況，且與長期疾病有關(guān))”進一步解釋了腎臟問題的成因以及與長期疾病的關(guān)聯(lián)，與上文話題一致。故選F項?！?0題詳解】上文“Overthetwoweekperiodofextremeheat,655peoplelosttheirlives.(在兩周的極端高溫期間，有655人喪生)”描述了2006年加利福尼亞州熱浪造成的人員傷亡情況。A選項“Theheatwaveultimatelyresultedincostsnearing$5.3billion.(這場熱浪最終造成了近53億美元的損失)”說明了熱浪造成的經(jīng)濟損失，與上文提到的人員傷亡情況共同說明了熱浪的影響。故選A項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Iwasn’tsurewhyIsetupthepaintingtable.Asamotherwithfourkids,timewasa____21____Isimplycouldn’tafford.Afterworkandtakingcareoftheirsports,I____22____intobedexhaustedeachnight.EvenwhenI____23____thepaintsandbrushesonthetable,itfeltpointless.Iwastoobusy,andpaintingwasn’tgoingto____24____.Theninsomnia(失眠)returned,andduring____25____nights,Ifoundmyselfcleaningandcatchingupontasks.Asthetasksincreased,thepaintingtableseemedtocallme.Initially,I____26____it.Butonenight,Ifinallysatdown,____27____abrushandpainted.Ididthesamethingthenextnight,andthenext.Afteraweek,Ihadbeenpainting____28____.Iwokeearly,tidiedupmy____29____,andstartedmyday.Onemorning,asmykidsfinishedbreakfast,oneofmydaughterssaid,“Mom,you’renicerwhenyoupaint.”____30____,IaskedifthatmeantIwasn’tnicenormally.Thekidsexplainedthatmypaintingmademehappier,andtheyhadnoticedthe____31____inme.Paintinghadbecomeawayto____32____myself.BymakingtimeforsomethingIloved,eveninsmallamounts,Idiscoveredits____33____onmywell-being.Now,wheneverlifegets____34____,Irecalltheirwordsandrecognizethatdevelopingmyownhappinessisessentialforbeingthebest____35____ofmyself.21.A.warmth B.luxury C.routine D.requirement22.A.ran B.collapsed C.jumped D.paced23.A.accessed B.clarified C.arranged D.dropped24.A.disappear B.stop C.happen D.continue25.A.sleepless B.valueless C.peaceful D.unnecessary26.A.followed B.absorbed C.comprehended D.ignored27.A.grabbed B.concentrated C.created D.threw28.A.fluently B.occasionally C.ultimately D.consistently29.A.supplies B.offices C.possessions D.books30.A.Bored B.Surprised C.Relieved D.Amused31.A.stability B.change C.hesitation D.faith32.A.runinto B.huntfor C.carefor D.putoff33.A.pressure B.decision C.dependence D.impact34.A.enjoyable B.meaningful C.simple D.challenging35.A.stage B.measure C.version D.reputation【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.C25.A26.D27.A28.D29.A30.B31.B32.C33.D34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者通過繪畫改變自我狀態(tài)，重新找回幸福感的故事。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個有四個孩子的母親，時間是我根本負擔(dān)不起的奢侈品。A.warmth溫暖；B.luxury奢侈品；C.routine常規(guī)；D.requirement要求。根據(jù)上文“Asamotherwithfourkids”以及下文“Isimplycouldn’tafford”可知，作為四個孩子的母親，忙于照顧家庭，時間對她來說是一種奢侈品。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：下班后還要照顧他們的運動，我每天晚上都累得癱倒在床上。A.ran跑；B.collapsed癱倒；C.jumped跳；D.paced踱步。根據(jù)上文“Afterworkandtakingcareoftheirsports”以及下文“exhaustedeachnight”可知，作者極度疲憊，“collapsedintobed”表示“累倒在床上”，符合語境。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：即使我把顏料和畫筆放在桌子上，我也覺得毫無意義。A.accessed訪問，使用；B.clarified澄清；C.arranged安排，布置；D.dropped掉落。根據(jù)下文“thepaintsandbrushesonthetable”可知，此處指把顏料和畫筆放在桌子上。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我太忙了，畫畫不會發(fā)生的。A.disappear消失；B.stop停止；C.happen發(fā)生；D.continue繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文“Iwastoobusy”可知，作者太忙了，覺得畫畫不會發(fā)生。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后失眠又回來了，在失眠的夜晚，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在打掃衛(wèi)生和趕任務(wù)。A.sleepless失眠的；B.valueless無價值的；C.peaceful和平的；D.unnecessary不必要的。根據(jù)上文“Theninsomniareturned”可知，此處指失眠的夜晚。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我忽略了它。A.followed跟隨；B.absorbed吸收；C.comprehended理解；D.ignored忽略。根據(jù)上文“Asthetasksincreased,thepaintingtableseemedtocallme.”以及下文“Butonenight,Ifinallysatdown”可知，一開始作者并未理會畫桌，但后來終于坐了下來。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但有一天晚上，我終于坐了下來，抓起一支畫筆開始畫畫。A.grabbed抓起；B.concentrated集中；C.created創(chuàng)造；D.threw扔。根據(jù)下文“abrushandpainted”可知，此處指抓起一支畫筆開始畫畫。故選A。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一周后，我一直都在畫畫。A.fluently流利地；B.occasionally偶爾；C.ultimately最終；D.consistently持續(xù)地。根據(jù)上文“Ididthesamethingthenextnight,andthenext.”可知，作者連續(xù)作畫，用consistently表示“持續(xù)地”。故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我起得很早，整理好我的繪畫用品，然后開始新的一天。A.supplies用品；B.offices辦公室；C.possessions財產(chǎn)；D.books書籍。根據(jù)上文“tidiedupmy”以及下文“andstartedmyday”可知，此處指整理好繪畫用品。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很驚訝，問她這是不是意味著我平時不好。A.Bored無聊的；B.Surprised驚訝的；C.Relieved寬慰的；D.Amused逗樂的。根據(jù)女兒說“Mom,you’renicerwhenyoupaint”可知，作者對女兒的話感到驚訝。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們解釋說，我的畫讓我更快樂，他們注意到了我的變化。A.stability穩(wěn)定性；B.change變化；C.hesitation猶豫；D.faith信仰。根據(jù)上文“mypaintingmademehappier”可知，孩子們注意到了作者的變化。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：畫畫成了照顧自己的一種方式。A.runinto撞上，偶遇；B.huntfor搜尋；C.carefor照顧；D.putoff推遲。根據(jù)下文“BymakingtimeforsomethingIloved,eveninsmallamounts”可知，作者通過畫畫照顧自己，滿足個人需求。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過花時間做我喜歡的事情，即使只是一點點，我也發(fā)現(xiàn)它對我的幸福有影響。A.pressure壓力；B.decision決定；C.dependence依賴；D.impact影響。根據(jù)上文“mypaintingmademehappier”及下文“onmywell-being”可知，畫畫對作者的幸福感產(chǎn)生影響。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，每當(dāng)生活變得有挑戰(zhàn)性時，我就會想起他們的話，并意識到發(fā)展自己的幸福對于成為最好的自己至關(guān)重要。A.enjoyable愉快的；B.meaningful有意義的；C.simple簡單的；D.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)下文“Irecalltheirwordsandrecognizethatdevelopingmyownhappinessisessential”可知，此處指每當(dāng)生活變得有挑戰(zhàn)性時。故選D。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，每當(dāng)生活變得有挑戰(zhàn)性時，我就會想起他們的話，并意識到發(fā)展自己的幸福對于成為最好的自己至關(guān)重要。A.stage階段；B.measure措施；C.version版本；D.reputation名聲。根據(jù)上文“beingthebest”以及下文“ofmyself”可知，此處指成為最好的自己，“thebestversionofmyself”表示“最好的自我狀態(tài)”。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FrenchscientistsattheInstitutedePhysiqueduGlobedeParis(IPGP)areconductingtestingonChang’e-5lunarsamples,aimingtobetterunderstandthemoon’searlyoriginsandits____36____(for