[基礎(chǔ)達標練]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Itwouldbeunbelievable(believe)thatsuchanhonestfellowshouldhavebetrayedhisfriends.2．Goodmanners(manner)areaveryimportantkeytoyoursocialsuccess.3．Ifoundmyselfsurrounded(surround)byagroupofchildrenfullofcuriosity.4．Ten-year-oldchildrenwerenotpermitted(permit)todive.5．Thethiefhadhimselfspotted(spot)bythepolicewhenhewastryingtobreakintothehotel.6．Seeking(seek)tofindouttherealcauseoftheaccidentwaswhathewaseagertodo.7．Shewentabouttellingmethegreatdifficultythatmymumhadbringing(bring)meup.8．Everythingtakenintoaccount，theplanseemsmorepractical.9．Iwaswandering(wander)alongthepavementyesterdaywhensomestrangerscameupandaskedmethewaytothepolicestation.10．Hisdebtsamount(amount)tofivethousandyuannow.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Thereasonhegavetoaccounthisabsencewasunbelievable.答案：account后加for2．Whenwewantedtogothroughtheforest，wefoundourselveslosing.答案：losing→lost3．Heissuchamanwhoisalwaysfindingfaultswithotherpeople.答案：faults→fault4．Ihadjustfinishedwritingthenovelthentheelectricitywascutoff.答案：then→when5．Themanagerhadmercyonthechildrendressedinragandgavethemsomefood.答案：rag→ragsⅢ.完成句子1．我們轉(zhuǎn)過身來時發(fā)現(xiàn)小女孩在湖中掙扎，大聲呼救。Weturnedaroundandfoundthegirlstrugglinginthelake，cryingforhelp.2．科學(xué)為我們的生活帶來許多變化。Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.3．關(guān)鍵是你的工作能力而不是你從哪來或你是誰。Itistheabilitytodothejobthatmatters，notwhereyouefromorwhoyouare.4．無論你什么時候需要幫忙，不要猶豫，找我好了。Don'thesitatetoturntomeforhelpwheneveryouneedit.5．時間允許的話，我希望有更多的業(yè)余時間與朋友們一起度過，以便我們能有更好的關(guān)系。Timepermitting/Iftimepermits，Iexpecttohavemoresparetimetospendwithmyfriendssothatwecanhaveabetterrelationship.[能力提升練]Ⅳ.閱讀理解(2018·贛州市高三適應(yīng)性考試)BooksThatShapedAmericaHuckleberryFinnNovelistErnestHemingwayfamouslysaid，“AllmodernAmericanliteratureesfromonebookbyMarkTwaincalled‘HuckleberryFinn.’．..Allthat.Therebefore.Theresfromthat.Therewasnothingbefore.Therehasbeennothingasgoodsince.”society.HisrtripdowntheMississippionaraft，Twaindescribesinasatirical(嘲諷的)andhumorouswayHuckandJim'sencounterswithhypocrisy，racism，violenceandotherevilsofAmericansociety.Hisuseinseriousliteratureofalively，simpleAmericanlanguagefullofdialectandinformalspokenexpressionspavedthewayformanylaterwriters，includingHemingwayandWilliamFaulkner.GonewiththeWindThemostpopularromancenovelofalltimewasthebasisforthemostpopularmovieofalltime(intoday'sdollars)．MargaretMitchell'sbook，GonewiththeWind，setintheSouthduringtheCivilWar，wonboththePulitzerPrizeandNationalBookAward，anditremainspopular，despitechargesthatitsauthorhadablindeyeregardingthehorrorsofslavery.LeavesofGrassThepublicationofthefirstslimeditionofWaltWhitman's“LeavesofGrasshistory.Refreshinglifetime.OverceofamasterpiecethatshiftedthecourseofAmericanliteraryhistory.Refreshingandboldinboththemeandstyle，thebookexperiencedmanyrevisionsduringWhitman'slifetime.Overalmost40yearsWhitmanproducedmultipleeditionsof“LeavesofGrasspoems.Bygthebookintoanever-transformingkaleidoscope(千變?nèi)f化)ofpoems.Byhisdeathin1892，“Leavescentury.AmongsummarythatrepresentedWhitman'sviewofAmericaovernearlytheentirelasthalfofthe19thcentury.Amongthecollection'sbest-knownpoemsare“ISingtheBodyElectric”，“SongofMyself”，and“OCaptain！MyCaptain！”inpraiseofAbrahamLincoln.TheAmericanWoman'sHomeThisclassicdomesticguide，TheAmericanWoman'sHome，bysistersCatharineE·BeecherandHarrietBeecherStoweisdedicatedto“thewomenofAmerica，inwhosehandsresttherealfatesoftheRepublic.”animals.Intendedtersonhealthfulcookery，homedecoration，exercise，cleanliness，goodairventilation(通風(fēng)方法)andheat，etiquette，sewing，gardeningandcareofchildren，thesick，theagedanddomesticanimals.Intendedtoelevatethe“woman'ssphere”ofhouseholdmanagementtoarespectableprofessionbasedonscientificprinciples，itbecamethestandarddomestichandbook.1．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesErnestHemingway'sfeelingsforMarkTwain'sbook?A．Wonderful. B．Disappointing.C．Painful. D．Confusing.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第一欄中海明威所說的話“Twain...ThereericanliteratureesfromonebookbyMarkTwain...Therehasbeennothingasgoodsince.”可知，海明威認為馬克·吐溫的《哈克貝利·費恩歷險記》是一部空前絕后的好作品，即他對馬克·吐溫作品的評價非常高。故答案選A。答案：A2．Whichauthorisaccusedofneglectingthehorrorsofslavery?A．MarkTwain. B．MargaretMitchell.C．WaltWhitman. D．CatharineE．Beecher.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第二欄最后一句中的“despitechargesthatitsauthorhadablindeyeregardingthehorrorsofslavery”可知，瑪格麗特·米切爾被指控對于奴隸制的恐怖視而不見。故答案選B。答案：B3．WhatcanwelearnfromWaltWhitman'spoems?A．HeusedmanyinformaloralEnglishin“LeavesofGrass”．B．Manypoemswereaddedto“LeavesofGrass”after1855.C．HeshowedlittlerespectforAbrahamLincolninhispoems.D．ThepoemsreflectedWaltWhitman'sbadopinionsofAmerica.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格第三欄內(nèi)容可知，沃爾特·惠特曼在1855年出版了《草葉集》的第一版，此后的40多年，該書不斷被修訂，內(nèi)容不斷增加，直至1892年沃爾特·惠特曼去世。由此可知，沃爾特·惠特曼的許多詩是在1855年之后被補充到《草葉集》當(dāng)中的。故答案選B。答案：B4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dedicated”probablymean?A．devoted B．a(chǎn)ddictedC．opposed D．sentenced解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)表格最后一欄畫線詞所在句子中的“whose...nofAmerica，inwhose...”可知，此處指的是書的讀者，由此可猜測，該書是獻給美國女士的，畫線詞的意思與devoted的詞義最接近。故答案選A。答案：AⅤ.閱讀七選五Aswarmingcontinues，scientistswarntheoxygencontentofoceansacrosstheplanetcouldbemoreandmorereduced，withseriousconsequencesforthefutureoffishandothersealife.1Oneisthesimplefactthataswatergetswarmer，itcanholdlessdissolved(溶解的)oxygen.Theotherreasonislessobvious.Theentireoceangetsitsoxygenfromthesurface—eitherfromtheatmosphere，orfromphotosynthesizingalgaefloatingatthetopofthesea.2Globalwarmingisexpectedtoreducethemixingoftheoceanbymakingsurfaceseawaterlighter.That'sbecauseinawarmerworldwecanexpectmorerainfallandmoremelting(融化)ofglaciers，icebergs，andicesheets.3Theextraheatfromthewarmingatmospherewillalsomakesurfacewaterexpandandthusmakeitlighterstill.4Instead，moreoftheoxygenwillremainnearthesurface，whereitwillbeusedupbyoxygen-breathingorganisms.Alow-oxygenoceanmaybeeaninescapablefeatureofourplanet.AteamofDanishresearcherswonderedhowlongoxygenlevelswoulddropifwecouldsomehowreduceourcarbondioxideemissionstozeroby2100.Theydeterminedthatoverthenextfewthousandyearsoxygenlevelswouldcontinuetofall，untiltheydeclinedby30percent.Theoxygenwouldslowlyreturntotheoceans，buteven100,000yearsfromnowtheywillnothavefullyrecovered.5A．It'snotknownwhytheoxygenlevelofoceanshasreduced.B．Scientistspointtotworeasonstoexpectadropinoceanoxygen.C．Freshwater'sinpouringwillmakethewaterattheocean'ssurfacelighter.D．Theoxygenthenspreadstothedeepoceanasthesurfacewaterslowlysinks.E．Globalwarminghascausedthereductionoftheoxygencontentofoceansworldwide.F．Thelightsurfacewaterwillbelesslikelytosinksothedeepoceanwillgetlessoxygen.G．Iftheyareright，wehaveeveryreasontoworryaboutthemajoreffectithasonsealife.答案：BDCFGⅥ.短文改錯(2018·西安八校聯(lián)考)Today，atthelocalconveniencestorethatIwork，anelderlymanwithaguidedogein.Hewenttotheshelfwheretherewereallkindsofgreetingcard.Hepickedupacard，helditupextremeclosetohiseyes，andstruggledreadit.JustasIwasabouttowalkovertohelphim，Ifoundthelittlegirl，whowasabouttenyearsold，askedhimthatheneededhelp.Beforeheardhisanswer，shestartedtoreadhimalm