北京市西城區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末試卷

高一英語(yǔ)

2025.7

本試卷共16頁(yè)，共140分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)120分鐘。

考生務(wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交

回。

第I卷（共75分）

L聽(tīng)力理解（共三節(jié)，22.5分）

第一節(jié)：（共4小題；每小題L5分，共6分）

聽(tīng)下面四段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

每段對(duì)話你將聽(tīng)一遍。

1.Howwillthespeakersgototheweekendmarket?

A.Bybike.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.

2.Wheredidthemanputthekeys?

A.OntheTVstand.B.Inhisjacketpocket.C.Onthekitchentable.

3.Whichexhibitionisthewomangoingtovisit?

A.Photography.B.Painting.C.Sculpture.

4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Wheretobuynecessarymedicine.B.Whentoissueahurricanewarning.

C.Whattopreparebeforeanaturaldisaster.

第二節(jié)：（共6小題；每小題L5分，共9分）

聽(tīng)下面三段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有兩道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

每段對(duì)話你將聽(tīng)兩遍。

聽(tīng)第5段材料，回答第5至第6小題。

5.Whatiswrongwiththewoman'sphone?

A.Itsscreenisbroken.B.Itwon'tturnonproperly.C.Thesoftwarecan'tbeupdated.

6.Whatistheman?

A.Asalesman.B.Anengineer.C.Awaiter.

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第7至第8小題。

7.Whatisthewoman5smajornow?

A.Appliedphysics.B.Englishliterature.C.Computerprogramming.

8.Wheremighttheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inalibrary.B.Inatheatre.C.Inaschool.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9至第10小題。

9.Whenwillthefoodfestivalstart?

A.OnAugust5h.B.OnAugust15h.C.OnAugust25h.

10.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?

A.Toapplyforastand.B.Tosellseasonalfruits.C.Tosolveschedulingproblems.

第三節(jié)：（共5小題；每小題L5分，共7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，根據(jù)題目要求在相應(yīng)的橫線上寫下第11題至第15題的關(guān)鍵信息。每小題僅

填寫一個(gè)詞。這段獨(dú)白你將聽(tīng)兩遍。

HowtoSaveEnergyatHome

Useenergy-saving■Upgradetoenergy-savingfridgesandwashingmachines

appliances■ChangetoLEDlightsto11lightingenergyuse

Practisesensibleenergy■Turnofflightswhenleavingaroom

12_■13electronicswhentheyarenotinuse

■Use15blinds:closethematnightinwintertokeepheat

14heatingandinand...

coolingneeds■Changeyourair-conditionertemperatureto27℃insummerand

heaterto20℃inwinter

H.完形填空（共15小題；每小題L5分，共22.5分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處

的最佳選項(xiàng)。

WhenIwaseight,myfatherleft.Mymotherbecameasinglemomofsixboys,workingseveraljobstokeep

usfedandsheltered.Lifeforuswas1.WhenIwashavingahardtimeadaptingtomynot-so-happylife,

IwaspairedwithPaulinanAmeriCorpsprogram.

Paulisasystemsengineer.HecameintomylifewhenI2himthemost.Hebecametheonly

educatedpersoninmyyounglifetowhomIcouldtalkandlooktofor3.Hebecamealightthathelped

leadmetowardsabetterlife.AsIgrewup,wewouldgooutandhavefuntogether.OfallthememoriesIhavewith

him,onememory4inparticular.WewenttotheBostonHarborIslandsforatripinthemiddleofwinter.

NotpayingattentiontoPauFs5,1wasshowingoffmyrock-jumpingskillswhenIfoundmyself

6falling15feetintotheicyharbor!PoorPaulquickly7meoutofthewater,andtogether,we

gottorideaboatbacktoBostonfrominsidetheheatedcaptain'sroom.Notallofourmomentswerethisdramatic,

8eachwasspecial.Webakedcookies,wewenttothemovies,andweevenchangedcarbatteries

together!Duringourtimetogether,PaulreallylistenedtowhatIsaidandkeptshowingmethatI9.

Unlikesomanypoorly-educatedpeopleinmychildhoodneighborhood,I,10byPaul,wentto

college.Aftermanyyears,Istartedmyown11.1completelyenjoythelifeofabusinessman,withallits

upsanddowns.Ifeel12thatthroughmydifficultchildhood,Idevelopedmyfoundation-extreme

patienceanddetermination,andastrong13toalwaysdogood.

Ihavecomealongwayfrommyhardbeginnings.Paulwouldtellyouthatheisjusta(n)14guy,

whojustshowedup.Butnotme,whenIlookatPaul,Iseemyhero.Whenlifewasstacked(處于劣勢(shì))againstme,

hewasthere,movingmecloserandclosertoabetterlife.Anditmadea15

1.A.boringB.busyC.toughD.meaningless

2.A.trustedB.missedC.admiredD.needed

3.A.guidanceB.acceptanceC.respectD.comfort

4.A.wearsoffB.sticksoutC.flashesbackD.getsaway

5.A.warningB.reactionC.promiseD.comment

6.A.smoothlyB.effortlesslyC.accidentallyD.secretly

7.A.forcedB.pulledC.heldD.threw

8.A.andB.althoughC.becauseD.unless

9.A.succeededB.changedC.progressedD.mattered

10.A.impressedB.touchedC.encouragedD.praised

11.A.familyB.companyC.communityD.union

12.A.confidentB.curiousC.powerfulD.fortunate

13.A.desireB.emotionC.abilityD.build

14.A.regularB.familiarC.amazingD.optimistic

15.A.connectionB.pointC.recordD.difference

【答案】l.C2.D3.A4,B5.A6.C7.B8.B9.D10.C11.B12.

D13.A14.A15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在困難時(shí)期得到Paul的幫助，從而走向成功并心懷感恩

的故事。

【1題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的生活很艱難。A.boring無(wú)聊的；B.busy忙碌的；C.tough艱難的；D.

meaningless無(wú)意義的。根據(jù)上文“Mymotherbecameasinglemomofsixboys,workingseveraljobstokeepus

fedandsheltered.可知，作者母親獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)六個(gè)孩子，生活很艱難。故選C。

【2題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他在我最需要他的時(shí)候走進(jìn)了我的生活。A.trusted信任；B.missed錯(cuò)過(guò)；C.

admired欽佩；D.needed需要。根據(jù)下文“HebecametheonlyeducatedpersoninmyyounglifetowhomI

couldtalk”、^Hebecamealightthathelpedleadmetowardsabetterlife^、Whenlifewasstackedagainst

me,hewasthere,movingmecloserandclosertoabetterlife.可知，他成了作者年輕時(shí)唯一能和他交談的受

過(guò)教育的人，他成了引領(lǐng)作者走向更美好生活的明燈，所以此處指他在作者最需要他的時(shí)候走進(jìn)了作者的

生活，故選D。

【3題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他成為了我年輕時(shí)唯一一個(gè)受過(guò)教育的人，我可以和他交談并尋求指導(dǎo)。A.

guidance指導(dǎo)；B.acceptance接受；C.respect尊重；D.comfort安慰。根據(jù)上文“Hebecametheonly

educatedpersoninmyyounglife”可知，Paul是受過(guò)教育的人，因此作者可以向他尋求指導(dǎo)，故選A。

【4題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在所有和他在一起的回憶中，有一個(gè)記憶特別突出。A.wearsoff磨損；B.

sticksout突出；C.flashesback回閃；D.getsaway離開(kāi)。根據(jù)下文“NotpayingattentiontoPaul's___

5,Iwasshowingoffmyrock-jumpingskillswhenIfoundmyself6falling15feetintotheicy

harbor!PoorPaulquickly7meoutofthewater,andtogether,wegottorideaboatbacktoBostonfrom

insidetheheatedcaptain飛room.”可知，下文描述的作者和Paul去波士頓港群島旅行的經(jīng)歷可知，這個(gè)記

憶特別突出，故選B。

【5題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒(méi)有注意Paul的警告，當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己意外地從15英尺高的地方掉進(jìn)冰冷的

港口時(shí)，我正在炫耀我的跳巖技巧！A.warning警告；B.reaction反應(yīng)；C.promise承諾；D.comment評(píng)

論。根據(jù)下文“Iwasshowingoffmyrock-jumpingskillswhenIfoundmyself6falling15feetintothe

icyharbor”可知，作者沒(méi)有注意Paul的警告，發(fā)生了意外。故選A。

【6題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.smoothly順利地；B.effortlessly輕松地；C.accidentally意外地；D.

secretly秘密地。根據(jù)上文u\wasshowingoffmyrock-jumpingskillsv和下文^falling15feetintotheicy

harbor”可知，作者是在炫耀跳巖技巧，因此是意外掉進(jìn)港口，故選C。

【7題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：可憐的Paul很快把我從水里拉了出來(lái)，我們一起從加熱的船長(zhǎng)室里乘船回到波

士頓。A.forced強(qiáng)迫；B.pulled拉;C.held握??；D.threw扔。根據(jù)下文“meoutofthewater"可知,Paul

把作者從水里拉了出來(lái)，故選B。

【8題詳解】

考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：并不是我們所有的時(shí)刻都這么戲劇化，但每一個(gè)都很特別。A.and和；B.

although雖然；C.because因?yàn)?；D.unless除非。根據(jù)上文"Notallofourmomentswerethisdramatic和下

文“eachwasspecial”可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選B。

【9題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們相處的時(shí)間里，Paul真的聽(tīng)我說(shuō)了什么，并一直向我展示我很重要。A.

succeeded成功；B.changed改變；C.progressed進(jìn)步；D.mattered重要。根據(jù)上文"Paulreallylistenedto

whatIsaid”可知，Paul傾聽(tīng)作者說(shuō)話，讓作者感到自己很重要，故選D。

【10題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：與童年時(shí)鄰居中許多受教育程度低的人不同，在Paul的鼓勵(lì)下，我上了大學(xué)。

A.impressed給...留下深刻印象；B.touched感動(dòng)；C.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；D.praised表?yè)P(yáng)。根據(jù)上文

uUnlikesomanypoorly-educatedpeopleinmychildhoodneighborhood以及下文wenttocollegew可知，

作者在Paul的鼓勵(lì)下上了大學(xué)，故選C。

【11題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年后，我創(chuàng)辦了自己的公司。A.family家庭；B.company公司；C.

community社區(qū)；D.union聯(lián)盟。根據(jù)下文“Icompletelyenjoythelifeofabusinessman”可知，作者創(chuàng)辦了

自己的公司，故選B。

【12題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很幸運(yùn)，通過(guò)我艱難的童年，我建立了我的基礎(chǔ)——極度的耐心和決

心，以及總是做好事的強(qiáng)烈愿望。A.confident自信的；B.curious好奇的；C.powerful強(qiáng)大的；D.

fortunate幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)下文uthroughmydifficultchildhood,Idevelopedmyfoundation-extremepatienceand

determination”可知，作者感到很幸運(yùn)，故選D。

【13題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.desire愿望；B.emotion情感；C.ability能力；D.build建造。根據(jù)下文

“toalwaysdogood”可知，作者有總是做好事的強(qiáng)烈愿望，故選A。

【14題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Paul會(huì)告訴你，他只是一個(gè)普通人，只是出現(xiàn)了。A.regular普通的；B.

familiar熟悉的；C.amazing驚人的；D.optimistic樂(lè)觀的。根據(jù)下文“whojustshowedup.Butnotme,when

IlookatPaul,Iseemyhero”可知，雖然作者認(rèn)為Paul是自己的英雄，Paul認(rèn)為自己只是一個(gè)普通人，故

選Ao

【15題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這產(chǎn)生了影響。A.connection連接；B.point點(diǎn)；C.record記錄；D.difference

不同o根據(jù)上文“Whenlifewasstackedagainstme,hewasthere,movingmecloserandclosertoabetterlife.”

可知，Paul對(duì)作者產(chǎn)生了影響，makeadifference"產(chǎn)生影響”，故選D。

HL閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Planningacampingtripthissummer?Canadahasavarietyofoptions.Wehandselectedthesesitesforyou

becausecampingissuchanimportantpartofthesummerexperienceinourcountry.

PacificRimNationalPark

Themaindraw:LongBeachisthebestPacificexperience-22kilometresofsandwithahorizonthat

disappearsintotheocean.Thecampsitesheresitveryclosetotheocean.

Thingstodo:Startbyexploringthebeach.Ofcourse,youcanalsogoforaswim,butbeawarethatthewater

isabout10℃.Ifyou9reintosurfing,therearealmostalwayswavesatLongBeach.Greywhalesspendthesummer

inthewatersjustoffshore,providingwhalewatchingopportunities.

AliceLakeProvincialPark

Themaindraw:Whatthissmallparklacksinsize,itmakesupforinlocation,sittingjustnorthofSquamish

一"Canada'sOutdoorRecreationCapital”.Campgroundpathslinkintothearea'sworld-classmountain-biking

network.

Thingstodo:YoucanwarmupforSquamishmountainbikingwithathree-kilometreridestartingjustoutside

thecampground.YoucanalsocooloffwithaswiminAliceLakeorrelaxonitssandybeaches.Anddon'tmiss

Squamish'sHoweSoundrestauranthere,youcantrytheirdeliciouswood-firedpizza.

MountRobsonProvincialPark

Themaindraw:There5snobetterplacetoadmirethehighestmountainintheCanadianRockiesthanatthe

BergLakeCampground.Thecampgroundislocatedbesideasmalllakethatcontainsminiicebergsthathavebroken

offfromaglacier（冰川）onthemountainabove.

Thingstodo:TheBergLakeareahasseveralworld-classhikes.TheSnowbirdPasshikeisatough22-kilometre

roundtrip.Thelakeprovidesapeacefulandbeautifulenvironmentforvisitorstoboatandenjoythesurrounding

mountainscenery.

PeterLougheedProvincialPark

Themaindraw:ThiscampingareainAlberta'sKananaskisCountryispopularwiththelocals.Ithasallthe

characteristicsyougetinnearbyBanff,butwithoutthecrowds.Youcanonlyreachitbyhikingforaboutthree

kilometres.

Thingstodo:Besidesfishing,youcanrelaxintheflower-filledfieldsandenjoynicemountainviewsatSouth

KananaskisPass.Usekayaks（皮戈艇）toexploretheshorelineofUpperKananaskisLake.

16.WhatcanvisitorsdoinPacificRim-NationalPark?

A.Enjoyfishing.B.Watchgreywhales.

C.Trymountainbiking.D.Eatawood-firedpizza.

17.Ifyouwanttogoforworld-classhikes,youcanexplore

A.PacificRimNationalParkB.AliceLakeProvincialPark

C.MountRobsonProvincialParkD.PeterLougheedProvincialPark

18.Whatdothefourparkshaveincommon?

A.Theyallofferwateractivities.B.Theyallhavepeacefulcampsites.

C.Theyallfeaturebeautifulmountainviews.D.Theyallmakegooddestinationsforhiking.

【答案】16.B17.C18.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了加拿大四個(gè)夏季可露營(yíng)的公園，包括各自的特色和提供的游玩

項(xiàng)目。

【16題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PacificRimNationalPark部分"Greywhalesspendthesummerinthewatersjustoffshore,

providingwhalewatchingopportunities4灰鯨在近海水域度過(guò)夏天，為觀賞鯨魚提供了機(jī)會(huì)）“可知，在

PacificRim-NationalPark游客可以觀看灰鯨。故選B。

【17題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MountRobsonProvincialPark部分“TheBergLakeareahasseveralworld-classhikes.（貝

格湖地區(qū)有幾處世界級(jí)的徒步旅行）”可知，如果想體驗(yàn)世界級(jí)的徒步旅行，可以探索MountRobson

ProvincialParko故選C。

【18題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PacificRimNationalPark部分uStartbyexploringthebeach.Ofcourse,youcanalsogofor

aswim,butbeawarethatthewaterisabout10℃.Ifyou'reintosurfing,therearealmostalwayswavesatLong

Beach.（從探索海灘開(kāi)始。當(dāng)然，你也可以去游泳，但要注意水溫約為10C。如果你喜歡沖浪，長(zhǎng)灘幾乎總

是有海浪）"，AliceLakeProvincialPark"YoucanalsocooloffwithaswiminAliceLakeorrelaxon

itssandybeaches.（你也可以在愛(ài)麗絲湖游泳降溫，或者在沙灘上放松）"，MountRobsonProvincialPark部

分“Thelakeprovidesapeacefulandbeautifulenvironmentforvisitorstoboatandenjoythesurrounding

mountainscenery.（湖提供了一個(gè)寧?kù)o而美麗的環(huán)境，供游客劃船和欣賞周圍的山景）”和PeterLougheed

ProvincialPark部分“Usekayaks（皮戈U艇）toexploretheshorelineofUpperKananaskisLake.（使用皮戈U艇探

索上卡納納斯基湖的海岸線）”可知，四個(gè)公園都提供了水上活動(dòng)。故選A。

B

Fouryearsago,ChristinatraveledtoIndiawithherfamily.AtamarketinBombay,shewassurprisedtosee

rowsofobjectsmadeofivory（象牙）.Globally,theivorytradehasbeenagainstthelawformorethan30years,and

elephanthuntinghasbeenprohibitedinIndiasincethe1970s.

Curious,Christinadidsomeresearchanddiscoveredashockingpieceofdata:Africa^forestelephant

populationhaddroppedbyabout62percentbetween2008and2019.Andthenumberscontinuetodrop.Awildlife

lover,Christinawantedtodosomethingtohelpprotectthespeciesthatisstillthreatenedbypoaching（偷獵）.

Overthecourseoftwoyears,ChristinacreatedElSa（shortforelephantsavior）,alow-costmodelofanAI-

drivensoftwarethatlooksatmovementpatternsinthermalinfrared（熱能紅夕卜）videosofhumansandelephants.

Christinasaysthesoftwareisfourtimesmoreaccurate（精確的）thanexistingadvancedmethods.EISausesa

thermalcamerathatconnectstoasmartphone.Thecameraandthephonearethenattachedtoadrone,andthe

systemproducesreal-timeresultsasitfliesoverparks,showingwhetherobjectsbelowarehumanorelephant.Her

projectwonanawardintheworld'slargestinternationalpre-collegeSTEMcompetition.

ChristinafirstlearnedaboutthecapabilitiesofAIjustafterninthgrade.OnceatanAIconference,Christina

metAprilMoss,aHarvardcomputerscientistwhowasworkingonawildlifeprotectionprojectusingdronesand

machinelearning.Christinareachedouttothecomputerscientistaboutherideatocatchelephantpoachersusing

movementpatterns,andMosswashappytohelpherwiththesoftwareproject.Afternumerousimprovements,

ChristinafinallycreatedEISa,whichwasabletopickouthumanswithover90percentaccuracy.

Inthefall,ChristinawillattendtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,whereshewantstostudyelectrical

engineeringandcomputerscience.Shehasplanstoenlargehermovementpatternresearchintootherendangered

animals.AndshewantstobeginusinghersoftwareinnationalparksinAfrica.

""Researchisn'tastraightline,^^Christinasays."Thathasmadememoreresourceful.Italsohelpedme

developintoamorecreativethinker.Youlearnalongtheway.”

19.Whichistheprobableorderofthefollowingevents?

①ChristinasawivoryproductsonsaleinBombay.②ChristinacreatedElSa.

③ChristinaattendedanAIconference.

A.①②③B.②③①C.①③②D.③①②

20.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatElSa.

A.ismorecost-savingthantheexistingmodel

B.canidentifypoachersusingmovementpatterns

C.isgoodattellingthedifferencesbetweenanimals

Dcanpredictthemovementsofhumansandelephants

21.WhatisChristina'sfutureplan?

A.Tostudywildlifeprotectioninuniversity.B.TotakepartinacollegeSTEMcompetition.

C.ToworkwithAprilMossonaprojectinAfrica.D.Toapplyhersoftwaretootherendangeredanimals.

22.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordswouldbestdescribeChristina?

A.Honestandresourceful.B.Responsibleandcreative.

C.Generousandintelligent.D.Considerateandhard-working.

【答案】19.C20.B21.D22.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述克里斯蒂娜因目睹象牙貿(mào)易，研發(fā)AI軟件ElSa識(shí)別偷獵者，獲

大獎(jiǎng)，計(jì)劃擴(kuò)展至其他瀕危動(dòng)物保護(hù)，從中學(xué)會(huì)應(yīng)變與創(chuàng)新。

【19題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Fouryearsago,ChristinatraveledtoIndiawithherfamily.AtamarketinBombay,

shewassurprisedtoseerowsofobjectsmadeofivory（象牙）.（四年前，克里斯蒂娜和家人一起去了印度。在孟

買一個(gè)市場(chǎng)里，她驚訝地看到一排排用象牙制成的物品）”、第四段“Christinafirstlearnedaboutthe

capabilitiesofAIjustafterninthgrade.OnceatanAIconference,ChristinametAprilMoss,aHarvardcomputer

scientistwhowasworkingonawildlifeprotectionprojectusingdronesandmachinelearning.Christinareached

outtothecomputerscientistaboutherideatocatchelephantpoachersusingmovementpatterns,andMosswas

happytohelpherwiththesoftwareproject』克里斯蒂娜第一次了解到人工智能的能力是在九年級(jí)之后。有一

次在一次人工智能會(huì)議上，克里斯蒂娜遇到了哈佛大學(xué)的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家艾普莉?莫斯，她正在研究一個(gè)使

用無(wú)人機(jī)和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)項(xiàng)目?？死锼沟倌认蜻@位計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家提出了利用運(yùn)動(dòng)模式捕捉偷獵

者的想法，莫斯很樂(lè)意幫助她完成這個(gè)軟件項(xiàng)目）”以及第三段中"Overthecourseoftwoyears,Christina

createdElSa（shortforelephantsavior）,alow-costmodelofanAl-drivensoftwarethatlooksatmovementpatterns

inthermalinfrared（熱能紅外）videosofhumansandelephants.（在兩年的時(shí)間里，克里斯蒂娜創(chuàng)造了ElSa（大

象救世主的縮寫），這是一款低成本的人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)軟件，可以觀察人類和大象的熱紅外視頻中的運(yùn)動(dòng)模

式。）”可推知事件順序?yàn)椋合瓤吹较笱乐破罚á伲?，再參加AI會(huì)議，遇到正在研究一個(gè)使用無(wú)人機(jī)和機(jī)器

學(xué)習(xí)的野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)項(xiàng)目的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家艾普莉?莫斯（③），最后創(chuàng)建ElSa（②）。正確順序?yàn)棰佗邰凇?/p>

故選Co

【20題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"ElSausesathermalcamerathatconnectstoasmartphone.Thecameraandthe

phonearethenattachedtoadrone,andthesystemproducesreal-timeresultsasitfliesoverparks,showingwhether

objectsbelowarehumanorelephant.（艾爾莎使用的熱像儀連接到智能手機(jī)上。然后將攝像頭和手機(jī)連接到一

架無(wú)人機(jī)上，當(dāng)無(wú)人機(jī)飛過(guò)公園上空時(shí)，系統(tǒng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生實(shí)時(shí)結(jié)果，顯示下面的物體是人還是大象。）”以及第

四段中uChristinareachedouttothecomputerscientistaboutherideatocatchelephantpoachersusingmovement

patterns,andMosswashappytohelpherwiththesoftwareproject.Afternumerousimprovements,Christina

finallycreatedElSa,whichwasabletopickouthumanswithover90percentaccuracy.（克里斯蒂娜向這位計(jì)算機(jī)

科學(xué)家提出了利用運(yùn)動(dòng)模式捕捉偷獵者的想法，莫斯很樂(lè)意幫助她完成這個(gè)軟件項(xiàng)目。經(jīng)過(guò)多次改進(jìn)，克

里斯蒂娜最終創(chuàng)造了ElSa,它能夠以超過(guò)90%的準(zhǔn)確率辨別出人類。）”可知，ElSa能夠通過(guò)運(yùn)動(dòng)模式來(lái)

識(shí)別偷獵者。故選B。

[21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Shehasplanstoenlargehermovementpatternresearchintootherendangered

animals.（她打算將自己在動(dòng)物運(yùn)動(dòng)模式方面的研究拓展到其他瀕危動(dòng)物身上）”可知，克里斯蒂娜的未來(lái)計(jì)

劃是將她的軟件應(yīng)用到其他瀕危動(dòng)物身上。故選D。

【22題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"Awildlifelover,Christinawantedtodosomethingtohelpprotectthespeciesthatis

stillthreatenedbypoaching（偷獵）.（作為一名野生動(dòng)物愛(ài)好者，克里斯蒂娜想要做點(diǎn)事情來(lái)幫助保護(hù)這個(gè)仍

然受到偷獵威脅的物種）"以及第三段aOverthecourseoftwoyears,ChristinacreatedElSa（shortforelephant

savior）,alow-costmodelofanAl-drivensoftwarethatlooksatmovementpatternsinthermalinfrared（熱能紅夕卜）

videosofhumansandelephants.（在兩年的時(shí)間里，克里斯蒂娜創(chuàng)造了ElSa（大象救世主的縮寫），這是一種

低成本的人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)軟件模型，可以觀察人類和大象的熱紅外視頻中的運(yùn)動(dòng)模式）”可知，克里斯蒂娜責(zé)

任心強(qiáng)且富有創(chuàng)造力。故選B。

C

Docatsrememberwhotheirmotheris?Theanswertothisquestionisabitcomplex.Catsareunsocial

animals.Theirrelationshipsdon'tfunctionthesameasthoseofpeople.Therefore,catsdon'tremembertheir

mothersinthesamewaythathumansdo.

Catsusesmelltoidentifyoneanother.Mothersandkittensmaycontinuetorecognizeeachotheriftheyare

neverseparated.Iftheyareseparated,theywilllikelynotrecognizeeachotherwhentheyarereunited.Afterall.

theirsmellwillhavechanged,whichwillcausetheir“identity“tochange.Evenifamotherandherkittensaren't

separated,akitten'ssmellwillbegintochangewhenitisaround12weeksold.

Beforethen,thekittensspendtheirtimeinanestingbox,whichcausesthemtodevelopauniquesmell.After

theystopspendingsomuchtimeintheirbox,thesmellslowlygoesaway,andthecatswilladoptthesmelloftheir

environment.Eventually,itwillchangeenoughtopreventthecatsfromidentifyingeachotheraslittermates（同窩

出生的仔畜）.

Domothercatsknowwhotheirkittensare?Variousstudieshavebeenperformedonwhethercatshavean

inbornsenseofwhotheirkittensare.Mostcatsacceptanykittenthatsuckles（吮吸）onthem.Youcantakekittens

fromdifferentmothersandgivethemtothesamemothercat,andshewilltypicallyacceptthem.Therefore,cats

likelydon'thaveastrongsenseofwhichkittensare“theirs”.Theytakecareofwhicheverkittensareintheir

nestingbox.

However,catstypicallyusesmelltorecognizeothercatsthattheyknow.Kittensthatspendtimeinamother's

nestingboxwillusuallybecaredforbythatmother,asthey“smell“l(fā)ikeherkittens.Thisistrueevenifthekittens

aren'tbiologicallyhers.

Therefore,themothercatdoesn'tknowwhichkittensshegavebirthto.However,thereisasenseofwhich

kittensare"hers"basedonwhichonesareinhernestingboxandsmelllikeit.Ifanykittensdisappear,shewill

likelynoticeandlookforthem.

Butthatisn'talwaystrue.Sometimes,catsdon'trealizethattheyhavefewerkittens.Whenthekittensgrow,

themothermayrecognizethattheyareherkittensiftheyarekeptaroundandnotseparated.However,shewon't

developthesamemother-childrelationshipthathumansdo.Catstypicallydon'tform"family"ties.

23.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodobymentioninghumanrelationshipsinParagraph1?

A.Highlightadifference.B.Giveasuggestion.

C.Makeanassumption.D.Expressadoubt.

24.Catsareabletoknowwhotheirmothersarebecauseoftheir.

A.strongattachmentsB.inbornskills

C.biologicalrelationshipD.sharedsmell

25.Regardingamother'srelationshipwithherkittens,wecanlearnthat.

A.mothers5lovefortheirkittenslastsalifetime

B.motherswillmisstheirkittensiftheyareseparated

C.mothersdon'talwaysrememberwhichkittenstheygavebirthto

D.mothersdriveawaytheirkittenswhentheyareabout12weeksold

26.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?

A.Toshowwhycatsfailtoidentifytheirlittermates.

B.Topointoutwhenkittenstendtoleavetheirmothers.

C.Toexplorewhatfactorsaffectmother-kittenrecognition.

D.Toexplainhowtostrengthencats9mother-childrelationship.

【答案】23.A24.D25.C26.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這一篇說(shuō)明文。貓是否記得母親較復(fù)雜，它們靠氣味識(shí)別，分開(kāi)后因氣味變化可能不認(rèn)；母貓

也難辨親生幼崽，通常無(wú)人類般母子關(guān)系和家庭紐帶。

【23題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Theirrelationshipsdon'tfunctionthesameasthoseofpeople.Therefore,catsdon't

remembertheirmothersinthesamewaythathumansdo.（它們之間的關(guān)系與人類的關(guān)系有所不同。因此，貓不

會(huì)像人類那樣記住自己的母親）”可知，作者在第一段中提及人際關(guān)系的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)貓與人類在親子關(guān)系上

的差異。故選A。

【24題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Catsusesmelltoidentifyoneanother.Mothersandkittensmaycontinuetorecognize

eachotheriftheyareneverseparated.Iftheyareseparated,theywilllikelynotrecognizeeachotherwhentheyare

reunited.Afterall.theirsmellwillhavechanged,whichwillcausetheir"identity"tochange.（貓是通過(guò)嗅覺(jué)來(lái)辨

認(rèn)彼此的。母貓和小貓即便從未分開(kāi)過(guò)，也能一直認(rèn)出對(duì)方。但如果它們分開(kāi)后又重新相遇，它們很可能

就無(wú)法認(rèn)出彼此了。畢竟。它們的氣味會(huì)發(fā)生變化，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致它們的‘身份'也隨之改變）”可知，貓能夠

認(rèn)出自己的母親，這是因?yàn)樗鼈冎g有著相似的氣味。故選D。

[25題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Therefore,themothercatdoesn'tknowwhichkittensshegavebirthto.（因此，

母貓并不知道自己生下了哪些幼崽）”可知，母貓并不總是能記得自己生下了哪些幼崽。故選C。

[26題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一■段“Docatsrememberwhotheirmotheris?Theanswertothisquestionisabitcomplex.

Catsareunsocialanimals.Theirrelationshipsdon'tfunctionthesameasthoseofpeople.Therefore,catsdon't

remembertheirmothersinthesamewaythathumansdo.（貓能記住自己母親是誰(shuí)嗎？這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案有點(diǎn)復(fù)

雜。貓是不太善于社交的動(dòng)物。它們之間的關(guān)系與人類的關(guān)系有所不同。因此，貓不會(huì)像人類那樣記住自

己的母親）”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了貓是否記得母親較復(fù)雜，它們靠氣味識(shí)別，分開(kāi)后因氣味變化可能不認(rèn)；

母貓也難辨親生幼崽，通常無(wú)人類般母子關(guān)系和家庭紐帶?？芍?，這篇文章的目的是探究影響母貓與幼貓

識(shí)別能力的因素。故選C。

D

A2023studyfromtheUniversityofBathfoundthatyoungergenerationshavehigherlevelsofperfectionism,

orhavingexceptionallyhighstandardsandbeingoverlyself-critical,comparedwithpreviousgenerationsatthe

sameperiodintheirlives.

Usingdatatakenfrom40,000NorthAmericanandBritishuniversitystudents,researchersfoundevidencethat

theextenttowhichyoungpeopleplaceanunreasonableimportanceon“beingperfecf9hadincreased.Growing

competitionforun