高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1貴州省黔東南州2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期2月聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASince1975,theIronguardhasbeenalong-standingtraditionintheLongBeachJuniorLifeguardProgram.Eachyear,thelastweekoftheprogramismarkedbythisevent.Juniorlifeguards(JGs),parentsandswimmingenthusiastsalikegatherat1stPlaceandraceallthewaytotheendofthesandat72ndPlaceinthebeach.●Thecourseismadeupoffourmilesofrunningandtwomilesofswimming.Registrationbeginsat8:00amforallparticipants.●Participantsswimaround14buoys(浮標(biāo)),oneateachlifeguardtower,plusrunningallthewayaroundthepier(碼頭).●Participantswhocompletetheraceinunder2hourswillreceiveaneventhat.Aperpetualtrophy(永久的獎(jiǎng)杯)forthetopfinishersoftheA,BandCdivisionswascreatedin2009.●WewillhavedifferentlinesforA’s.B’sandC’s.Besureeveryparticipantislisteningfortheirtimeastheycrossthefinishline!Rightaftertheycross,therewillbetablesforeachagegroupwheretheyreporttheirtime.●Wewillhaveacelebrationatthefinishlineforallcompetitors,whereweprovideafreemealforallJGs.ImportantNoteIfforsomereasonyourchildrendonotfinishtheIronguard,theyarerequiredtotellalifeguardonthebeachbeforetheyleave.Forsafetyreasons.weneedtomakesureeverychildisaccountedfor.Manyexperiencedparentsorothersupporterswillrunthecoursewiththeirchildren.Don’tworry,youcanalsochoosetorestwhiletheyswim.IfyoudorunwithyourJG,pleasestayoutofthewayofotherparticipants.1.WhatcanwelearnfromtheIronguard?A.Itisheldforthelocalteens. B.Itisheldonabeacheveryyear.C.Ithasnorequirementonstrength. D.Ithas14barriersallthewaytotheend.2.Whatshouldtheparticipantsdoiftheycan’tfinishthecourse?A.Recordthetimewhentheystopit.B.Asktheirparentstostaywiththem.C.Informthebeach’srescuersbeforeleaving.D.Stepawayfromthewayofotherparticipants.3.Whatisthetextprobably?A.Arunningracead. B.Aresearchreport. C.Asafetyhandbook. D.Anofficialprofile.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了自1975年以來，長灘初級救生員項(xiàng)目中的Ironguard傳統(tǒng)活動(dòng)，包括其形式、規(guī)則及安全注意事項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Eachyear,thelastweekoftheprogramismarkedbythisevent.Juniorlifeguards(JGs),parentsandswimmingenthusiastsalikegatherat1stPlaceandraceallthewaytotheendofthesandat72ndPlaceinthebeach.(每年，該計(jì)劃的最后一周都會(huì)舉行這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。少年救生員（JGs）、家長和游泳愛好者都會(huì)聚集在第一處地點(diǎn)，并一路跑到海灘上第72處地點(diǎn)的沙灘盡頭)”可知，Ironguard活動(dòng)是在海灘上每年舉行的。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ImportantNote部分中的“IfforsomereasonyourchildrendonotfinishtheIronguard,theyarerequiredtotellalifeguardonthebeachbeforetheyleave.(如果您的孩子因某種原因未能完成Ironguard比賽，他們必須在離開前告訴海灘上的救生員)”可知，如果參與者不能完成比賽，他們應(yīng)該在離開前告訴海灘上的救生員。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了Ironguard比賽的相關(guān)信息，包括其形式、規(guī)則及安全注意事項(xiàng)，故本文是一篇對Ironguard比賽的官方簡介。故選D。BChangeissomethingthathasalwaysexcitedDrLoriPiowlski,whoembracednewonlinemethodsofteaching.However,shedidn’talwayswanttobeateacher.“IoftensaidIwouldneverbeateacher.”saysPiowIski.“Igrewupwherealotofmyfamilymemberswereteachers.Ihonestlydidn’twanttodowhateveryoneelseinmyfamilyhaddone.Iwantedtobealawyer.”Despiteherwishtofollowacareerinlaw,shecouldn’tignoreher“true”callinginlife.“IstartedteachingpianowhenIwasinhighschool.”saysPiowlski.“IlovedeveryminutethatIspentwithmystudents,watchingthemgrowandstruggle.IthinkyoulearnthemostwhenyoufaceyourstrugglesandthatisoneofthethingsIwanttoinstill(灌輸)inmystudents.Iwanttosayit’sOKtostruggle.It’sOKtohavethatconflictinsideofyouthatsaysthisishard,learninghard—butthat’swhenyougrowthemost.SoIthinkthatpianoteachinggavemethatandinstilledtheloveofteachinginme.”Whileatcollege,shereflectedonhertimeasapianoteacherandrealizedshehadtofollowhercallingtoteach.“Igaveintomycallingandbecameaneducator,”saysPiowlski.“Aftergraduating,IfoundacontractandtaughtmyfirstclassinfirstgradeinCalifornia.”Piowlskistayedtherefor14years,teachingspecialeducationandgeneraleducationtostudentsfrompre-Klevelallthewaythroughto12thgrade.ShethenmovedbacktoMinnesotatoraiseherchildren.Whiletakingthiscareerbreak,PiowlskidecidedtostudyforherPhD.“IgotmyPhDbecausethat’ssomethingI’dalwayswantedtodoandIwantedtoshowmykidsthatwithperseverance(堅(jiān)持)youcandoanything,”saysPiowlski.“Theywereinschool.soitwasn’teasy.”Anyhow,shemanagedtograduatewithdeterminationandsupportfromfamilymembers.4.WhatcontributedtoPiowlski’sdecisiontobeateacher?A.Herfamilyinfluence. B.Herdutyasamother.C.Herexperienceinteachingpiano. D.Herfailedattempttobealawyer.5.WhatattitudedidPiowlskiholdtowardsstruggles?A.Dismissive. B.Tolerant. C.Skeptical. D.Critical.6.WhydidPiowlskimovebacktoMinnesota?A.Tocareforherchildren. B.Tofindabetter-paidjob.C.Tomakeachange. D.TopursueherPhD.7.WhatdidPiowlskiwanttoconveytoherchildren?A.Timeandtidewaitsfornoman. B.Educationisthekeytosuccess.C.Loveliftsbarriers. D.Stickingtodreamspaysoff.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了LoriPiowlski從拒絕到熱愛教師職業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)變過程，以及她在事業(yè)與家庭中的成長和堅(jiān)持?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“IstartedteachingpianowhenIwasinhighschool.(我上高中的時(shí)候就開始教鋼琴了)”，“IlovedeveryminutethatIspentwithmystudents,watchingthemgrowandstruggle.(我珍惜和學(xué)生們在一起的每一刻，看著他們成長，經(jīng)歷困難)”和“SoIthinkthatpianoteachinggavemethatandinstilledtheloveofteachinginme.(所以我覺得教鋼琴讓我有了這樣的感悟，也讓我愛上了教學(xué))”可知，Piowlski在高中時(shí)開始教鋼琴，她很享受和學(xué)生在一起的時(shí)光，并且認(rèn)為教鋼琴讓她愛上了教學(xué)，這促使她決定成為一名教師。所以她教鋼琴的經(jīng)歷促成了她成為教師的決定。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“IthinkyoulearnthemostwhenyoufaceyourstrugglesandthatisoneofthethingsIwanttoinstill(灌輸)inmystudents.Iwanttosayit’sOKtostruggle.It’sOKtohavethatconflictinsideofyouthatsaysthisishard,learninghard—butthat’swhenyougrowthemost.(我認(rèn)為當(dāng)你面對困難時(shí)，學(xué)到的東西是最多的，這也是我想灌輸給學(xué)生們的理念之一。我想告訴他們，經(jīng)歷困難沒什么大不了的。你內(nèi)心覺得學(xué)習(xí)很難、這件事很難，有這樣的沖突也沒關(guān)系——但正是在這個(gè)時(shí)候，你成長得最快)”可知，Piowlski認(rèn)為當(dāng)人們面對困難時(shí)能學(xué)到最多，她想向?qū)W生灌輸可以經(jīng)歷困難，內(nèi)心有覺得困難的沖突是正常的這種觀念，說明她對困難持寬容的態(tài)度。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ShethenmovedbacktoMinnesotatoraiseherchildren.(然后，她搬回了明尼蘇達(dá)州去撫養(yǎng)她的孩子們)”可知，Piowlski搬回明尼蘇達(dá)州是為了撫養(yǎng)她的孩子，也就是照顧她的孩子。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““IgotmyPhDbecausethat’ssomethingI’dalwayswantedtodoandIwantedtoshowmykidsthatwithperseverance(堅(jiān)持)youcandoanything,”saysPiowlski.(Piowlski說：“我拿到了博士學(xué)位，因?yàn)檫@是我一直想做的事，而且我想讓我的孩子們明白，只要堅(jiān)持不懈，你就能做成任何事?！?可知，Piowlski攻讀博士學(xué)位并且想向孩子們展示只要堅(jiān)持就能做成任何事，即堅(jiān)持夢想會(huì)有回報(bào)。故選D。CPlayingamusicalinstrumentorsingingcouldhelpkeepthebrainhealthyinolderage,UKresearcherssuggest.Intheirreport,publishedintheInternationalJournalofGeriatricPsychiatry,theysaymusicshouldbeconsideredaspartofalifestyleapproachtomaintainthebrain.Morethan1,100peopleagedover40,withanaverageageof68,werestudied.Scientistsobservedtheirbrainfunctiondata,lookingattheeffectsofplayinganinstrument,singing,readingandlisteningtomusic.Theresearcherscomparedthecognitive(認(rèn)知的)dataofthoseinthestudywhoengagedinmusicinsomewayintheirlives,withthosewhoneverhad.Theirresultsshowedthatpeoplewhoplayedmusicalinstrumentsbenefitedthemost,whichmaybebecauseofthe“multiplecognitivedemands”oftheactivity.“Playingthepianoorkeyboardappearedtobeparticularlybeneficial.Simplylisteningtomusicdidnotappeartohelpcognitivehealth.Thebenefitseenwithsingingmightbepartlybecauseoftheknownsocialaspectsofbeinginachoirorgroup.”theresearcherssay.“Becausewehavesuchsensitivebraintestsforthisstudy,weareabletolookatindividualaspectsofthebrainfunction,suchasshort-termmemory,long-termmemoryandproblem-solving,”leadauthorAnneCorbettsaid.“Playinganinstrumenthasaparticularlybigeffect,andpeoplewhocontinuetoplayintoanolderagesawanadditionalbenefit,”shesaid.“Ourbrainisamusclelikeanythingelseanditneedstobeexercised,andlearningtoreadmusicisabitlikelearninganewlanguage.”Inthestudy,peoplewhoreadmusicregularlyhadbetternumericalmemory.“Themessageisaroundhowpeoplecanproactivelyreducetheirriskofcognitivedeclineordementia(癡呆),andreallythinkingaboutengagingwithmusicasawayofdoingthat.”Annesaid.However,sheadded.“Itwouldbenaivetothinktakingupamusicalinstrumentwouldmeanyouwon’tdevelopdementia.”8.Whatdoestheresearchsayaboutmusic?A.Ittakesconstantpractice. B.Itdoesoldpeople’sbrainsafavor.C.Itimproveslong-termmemory. D.Itsharpensthelanguageability.9.Howistheresearchcarriedout?A.Byconductingasurvey. B.Bycitinganexpert.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Byexercisingthebrain.10.Whichbestdescribesplayingmusicalinstruments?A.Emotionallydisturbing. B.Mentallypleasing.C.Physicallychallenging. D.Cognitivelydemanding.11.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“naive”inthelastparagraph?A.innocent. B.complicated. C.realistic. D.wise.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了音樂活動(dòng)（尤其是演奏樂器）對老年人認(rèn)知健康的積極影響及研究方法。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Playingamusicalinstrumentorsingingcouldhelpkeepthebrainhealthyinolderage,UKresearcherssuggest.(英國研究人員指出，演奏樂器或唱歌有助于老年人保持大腦健康)”可知，研究表明音樂對老年人的大腦有益。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresearcherscomparedthecognitive(認(rèn)知的)dataofthoseinthestudywhoengagedinmusicinsomewayintheirlives,withthosewhoneverhad.(研究人員將研究中那些在生活里以某種方式接觸過音樂的人的認(rèn)知數(shù)據(jù)，與那些從未接觸過音樂的人的認(rèn)知數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了對比)”可推知，這項(xiàng)研究是通過比較的方式進(jìn)行的。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theirresultsshowedthatpeoplewhoplayedmusicalinstrumentsbenefitedthemost,whichmaybebecauseofthe‘multiplecognitivedemands’oftheactivity.(他們的研究結(jié)果表明，演奏樂器的人受益最大，這可能是因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的“多種認(rèn)知需求”)”可知，演奏樂器涉及“多重認(rèn)知需求”，這意味著它需要大量的腦力投入，會(huì)激活大腦的多個(gè)區(qū)域，這也是它對認(rèn)知健康如此有益的原因。所以用“認(rèn)知要求高”來描述演奏樂器最合適。故選D?！?1題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文““Themessageisaroundhowpeoplecanproactivelyreducetheirriskofcognitivedeclineordementia(癡呆),andreallythinkingaboutengagingwithmusicasawayofdoingthat.”Annesaid.(安妮說：“關(guān)鍵信息在于人們?nèi)绾文軌蛑鲃?dòng)降低認(rèn)知能力下降或患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并且切實(shí)考慮將參與音樂活動(dòng)作為達(dá)成這一目標(biāo)的一種方式?！?”及轉(zhuǎn)折詞“However”可知，前文提到人們可以通過參與音樂活動(dòng)來主動(dòng)降低認(rèn)知能力下降或患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，說明音樂對大腦健康有積極作用。而“However”在語境中起到了轉(zhuǎn)變語義方向的作用，Anne指出認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)一種樂器就意味著不會(huì)患癡呆癥這種想法是一種不切實(shí)際、過于簡單天真的想法。因此劃線詞naive的意思是“天真的，幼稚的”，與innocent“天真的，無辜的”意思相近。故選A。DSolarandwindenergyaretransforminghowwepowerourworld,buttofullyusetheserenewablesources,weneedreliableandaffordablebatteriestostoreenergy.ResearchersattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison(UW-Madison)havetakenasteptowardsthisgoalbyinventingawater-solublechemicaladditivethatenhancestheperformanceofbromideaqueousflow(溴化物水溶液)batteries,apromisingenergystoragesolution.Currentlarge-scaleenergystoragereliesonlithium-ion(鋰離子)batteries,whichhavelimitationslikesafetyconcerns,riskoffiresandrelianceoncomplexinternationalsupplychains.Incontrast,aqueousflowbatteriescouldofferasuperandmoresustainablealternative.Thesebatteriesusewater-basedliquidthatcirculateoverelectrodes(電極)separatedbyamembrane(膜).Theyarescalableandlessdangerousthanlithium-ionbatteries.Bromide,acheapandwidelyavailableion,couldreplaceexpensivevanadiuminflowbatteries.However,bromide-basedbatteriesfacechallenges:Bromideionscanpassthroughthemembrane,reducingefficiency,orformamessyoilorpoisonousbrominegas,makingthemimpracticalforlarge-scaleuse.Totackletheseissues,theUW-Madisonteam,includingPatrickSullivanandGyohunChoi,developedanewadditivecalleda“soft-hardzwitterionictrapper”.Thisadditivepackagesbromideions,keepingthemwater-solublewhilepreventingthemfrompassingthroughthemembraneorformingharmfulbyproducts.Asaresult,thebatterybecomesmoreefficientandstable.Withtheadditive,theresearchersachievedremarkableresults:Thebatterieslastedalmosttwomonthswithoutperformancedecay,comparedtojustonedaywithoutit.“Forgreenenergystorage,durabilityiscritical.Thesebatteriesneedtofunctionfor10to20years,”saysanotherresearcher.Movingforward,theteamaimstorefinetheirdiscovery.Choiwillexplorefundamentalscience,whileSullivan,nowCEOofarenewableenergystartup,willworkoncommercializingtheadditive,alreadyproventobeproducibleonanindustrialscale.12.Whatproblemdoesthenewchemicaladditivesolve?A.Producingmoreenergyinsmallerbatteries. B.Advancingbromideaqueousflowbatteries.C.Improvingthesafetyoflithium-ionbatteries. D.Replacingvanadiumwithexpensivematerials.13.Whyareaqueousflowbatteriessaferthanlithium-ionbatteries?A.Theyarebasedonwater-basedliquid.B.Theyrelyonaninternationalsupplychain.C.Theyhavenomembranesseparatingelectrodes.D.Theyusebromideionsinsteadofvanadiumions.14.Whatisthenewadditiveusedtodo?A.Toallowbromideionstoformastablegas.B.Topreventbromideionsfromcausinginefficiencyissues.C.Toincreasethespeedofenergytransferinbatteries.D.Toremovetheneedformembranesinbatteries.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRoleofSolarandWindEnergyintheFutureB.TheBenefitsofLithium-IonBatteriesinEnergyStorageC.ChallengesofLarge-ScaleRenewableEnergyStorageD.ABreakthroughinBromide-BasedFlowBatteries【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了UW-Madison研究人員發(fā)明的一種新型添加劑，該添加劑能顯著提升溴化物水溶液流動(dòng)電池的性能，為大規(guī)?？稍偕茉创鎯μ峁└踩⒏志玫慕鉀Q方案?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ResearchersattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison(UW-Madison)havetakenasteptowardsthisgoalbyinventingawater-solublechemicaladditivethatenhancestheperformanceofbromideaqueousflowbatteries,apromisingenergystoragesolution.(威斯康星大學(xué)麥迪遜分校（UW-Madison）的研究人員朝著這一目標(biāo)邁出了一步，他們發(fā)明了一種水溶性化學(xué)添加劑，這種添加劑能夠提升溴化物水溶液電池的性能，而溴化物水溶液電池是一種很有前途的能源存儲方案)”可知，這種新的化學(xué)添加劑可以推進(jìn)溴化物水溶液電池的發(fā)展。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thesebatteriesusewater-basedliquidthatcirculateoverelectrodesseparatedbyamembrane.Theyarescalableandlessdangerousthanlithium-ionbatteries.(這些電池使用水基液體，在由薄膜隔開的電極上循環(huán)。它們具有可擴(kuò)展性，比鋰離子電池危險(xiǎn)性低)”可知，溴化物水溶液電池更安全是因?yàn)樗鼈兓谒后w。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thisadditivepackagesbromideions,keepingthemwater-solublewhilepreventingthemfrompassingthroughthemembraneorformingharmfulbyproducts.Asaresult,thebatterybecomesmoreefficientandstable.(這種添加劑包裹溴離子，使其保持水溶性，同時(shí)防止它們穿過膜或形成有害副產(chǎn)物。因此，電池變得更加高效和穩(wěn)定)”可知，由此可知，這種新的添加劑是用來防止溴離子導(dǎo)致效率低下的問題。故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“Solarandwindenergyaretransforminghowwepowerourworld,buttofullyusetheserenewablesources,weneedreliableandaffordablebatteriestostoreenergy.ResearchersattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison(UW-Madison)havetakenasteptowardsthisgoalbyinventingawater-solublechemicaladditivethatenhancestheperformanceofbromideaqueousflowbatteries,apromisingenergystoragesolution.(太陽能和風(fēng)能正在改變我們?yōu)檫@個(gè)世界提供動(dòng)力的方式，但要充分利用這些可再生能源，我們需要可靠且價(jià)格合理的電池來儲存能量。威斯康星大學(xué)麥迪遜分校（UW-Madison）的研究人員朝著這一目標(biāo)邁出了一步，他們發(fā)明了一種水溶性化學(xué)添加劑，這種添加劑能夠提升溴化物水溶液電池的性能，而溴化物水溶液電池是一種很有前途的能源存儲方案)”可知，本文主要講述了威斯康星大學(xué)麥迪遜分校的研究人員發(fā)明了一種水溶性化學(xué)添加劑，這種添加劑可以提高溴化物水溶液電池的性能，這是一種很有前途的能源存儲解決方案。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“溴基液流電池”適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Afieldtripisaneducationalexcursion(遠(yuǎn)足)outsideoftheclassroomenvironment.It’sanopportunityforstudentstogainfirst-handexperiencewiththematerialtheyarelearninginclass.Fieldtripscantakeplaceatsettingslikemuseums,historicsitesandnaturecenters.____16____Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,studentsnowcanexplorefarawayplaceswithouteverleavingtheirclassroom.____17____Theyhelpstudentsseehowwhattheylearninbooksconnectstotheworldaroundthem.However,therearebothbenefitsandchallengesassociatedwithfieldtripsthatmustbeconsideredbeforeplanningone.Themostobviousbenefitoffieldtripsisthattheygivestudentsthechancetoexperiencethematerialtheyarelearninginclassinareal-worldsetting.Accordingtoastudy.“Fieldtripsprovidestudentswithexperiencesthatcannotbereplicated(復(fù)制)intheclassroom.”____18____It’sfoundthatstudentswhogoonfieldtripsaremorelikelytorememberthematerialtheylearnthanthosewhodon’tgoonthetrip.Despitetheirbenefits,fieldtripscanpresentsomechallenges.Oneofthebiggestchallengesassociatedwithfieldtripsisthecost.Dependingonwhereyouaretravelingandthesizeofyourgroup,theexpensescanquicklyaddup.Additionally,findingthetimetoplanandconductasuccessfulfieldtripcanbedifficultforteachers.____19____Safetyisanotherissuethatmustbeconsideredwhenplanningafieldtrip.____20____Thisincludeshavingenoughadultstoaccompanythestudentsandmakingsuretheyaretrainedinfirstaidandemergencyprocedures.A.Theycanalsobeconductedvirtually.B.Teachersarealwayshavingafullschedule.C.Planningasuccessfulfieldtriprequiresvariousabilities.D.Fieldtripsplayanimportantroleinschooleducationactivities.E.Besides,fieldtripscanalsohelptoengagestudents’interestintheirstudy.F.It’sessentialtohaveaplantoensurethatallstudentsaremonitoredatalltimes.G.Directinteractionwithnaturefostersaprofoundappreciationfortheenvironment.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.B20.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了實(shí)地考察的好處和挑戰(zhàn)。【16題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,studentsnowcanexplorefarawayplaceswithouteverleavingtheirclassroom.(隨著科技的發(fā)展，學(xué)生們現(xiàn)在不用離開教室就可以探索遙遠(yuǎn)的地方)”可知，可以虛擬地進(jìn)行實(shí)地考查，A項(xiàng)“它們也可以以虛擬方式進(jìn)行”符合語境，故選A?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Theyhelpstudentsseehowwhattheylearninbooksconnectstotheworldaroundthem.(它們幫助學(xué)生了解他們在書本上學(xué)到的東西是如何與他們周圍的世界聯(lián)系起來的)”可知，本段是講述實(shí)地考查對于學(xué)生的作用，D項(xiàng)“實(shí)地考察在學(xué)校教育活動(dòng)中起著重要作用”符合語境，故選D。【18題詳析】上文“Accordingtoastudy.“Fieldtripsprovidestudentswithexperiencesthatcannotbereplicated(復(fù)制)intheclassroom.”(據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，“實(shí)地考察為學(xué)生提供了在課堂上無法復(fù)制的體驗(yàn)?！?”是說實(shí)地考查的好處，E項(xiàng)“此外，實(shí)地考察也有助于提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣”進(jìn)一步闡述其好處，且與下文“It’sfoundthatstudentswhogoonfieldtripsaremorelikelytorememberthematerialtheylearnthanthosewhodon’tgoonthetrip.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，參加過實(shí)地考察的學(xué)生比沒有參加過實(shí)地考察的學(xué)生更容易記住所學(xué)的知識)”提到的研究呼應(yīng)，故選E?！?9題詳析】上文“Additionally,findingthetimetoplanandconductasuccessfulfieldtripcanbedifficultforteachers.(此外，找時(shí)間計(jì)劃和組織一次成功的實(shí)地考察對教師來說是很困難)”提到，找時(shí)間計(jì)劃和組織一次成功的實(shí)地考察對教師來說是很困難，B項(xiàng)“老師的日程總是排得滿滿的”說明上文原因，老師的日程安排得很滿，所以很難找時(shí)間組織實(shí)地考查，故選B?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Safetyisanotherissuethatmustbeconsideredwhenplanningafieldtrip.(安全是規(guī)劃野外旅行時(shí)必須考慮的另一個(gè)問題)”和下文“Thisincludeshavingenoughadultstoaccompanythestudentsandmakingsuretheyaretrainedinfirstaidandemergencyprocedures.(這包括有足夠的成年人陪伴學(xué)生，并確保他們接受過急救和緊急程序的培訓(xùn))”可知，本段是說要保證實(shí)地考查的安全，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“有一個(gè)計(jì)劃來確保所有學(xué)生在任何時(shí)候都受到監(jiān)控是很重要的”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Kindnessiscontagious(有感染力的).AprojectataNorthDakotaelementaryschoolaimstoprovethat’s____21____.“TheGreatKindnessChallenge”startedintheclassroomand____22____spreadthroughoutBeulahandHazen.Allit____23____wassomeone-of-a-kindstickers(貼紙)andacupofcoffee.ThestudentsdidthestickersandgavethemtoTheGrindCoffeeShopandothercoffee____24____.Theiractionsof____25____thestickerstoeachcupofcoffeehavebeenatreatforevery____26____.“Icomehereeverydayformywife.”saida____27____ofthecoffeeshop.Forthepastweekorso,hiseverydayvisithas____28____hisdaybecauseeverycupofcoffeehebuyscomeswithakindnesssticker.“They’rejustallsocute.”saidtheownerofthecoffeeshop.“Itbroughtlotsof____29____betweenus.Wewerealwayssaying,‘Lookatthis!’‘Thisisgoingtomaketheirday.’Anditreallydid.”Theschoolalsochallengedeveryonewhogotakindnessstickerto____30____apictureonsocialmedia.Theprincipalagreedtheprojecthada____31____impactonthestudents.Anditremindedthesekidsandthe____32____communityoftheinfluenceofafewkindwords.“Ithinkiftheycandevelop____33____,showingempathy(同理心)andacceptance,andiftheycanpracticekindnessatthis____34____,theywill____35____itthroughtheirlives.”saidtheprincipal.21.A.true B.perfect C.valid D.reasonable22.A.representatively B.independently C.immediately D.obviously23.A.required B.tolerated C.called D.explored24.A.halls B.rooms C.consumers D.shops25.A.listing B.adding C.showing D.collecting26.A.teacher B.student C.customer D.owner27.A.worker B.keeper C.regular D.designer28.A.counted B.shortened C.maintained D.brightened29.A.reaction B.conversation C.description D.personality30.A.find B.share C.capture D.produce31.A.cultural B.minimal C.negative D.huge32.A.entire B.close C.small D.open33.A.interest B.kindness C.confidence D.patience34.A.time B.area C.age D.level35.A.carry B.transform C.draw D.consume【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.C28.D29.B30.B31.D32.A33.B34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了北達(dá)科他州一所小學(xué)傳播善意的故事，展現(xiàn)了活動(dòng)對學(xué)校和社區(qū)的影響?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：北達(dá)科他州一所小學(xué)的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目旨在證明這是真的。A.true真的；B.perfect完美的；C.valid有效的；D.reasonable合理的。根據(jù)前文“Kindnessiscontagious(有感染力的). AprojectataNorthDakotaelementaryschoolaimstoprove

”可知，這里指學(xué)校希望通過項(xiàng)目證明善意確實(shí)具有感染力這一事實(shí)的真實(shí)性。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“偉大的善意挑戰(zhàn)”活動(dòng)從教室開始，并迅速傳播到Beulah和Hazen地區(qū)。A.representatively有代表性地；B.independently獨(dú)立地；C.immediately立即；D.obviously明顯地。根據(jù)后文“spreadthroughoutBeulahandHazen”可知，活動(dòng)從教室擴(kuò)展到更廣泛的區(qū)域，強(qiáng)調(diào)傳播速度之快，因此用“immediately”最符合語境。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它所需要的只是一些獨(dú)一無二的貼紙和一杯咖啡。A.required需要；B.tolerated容忍；C.called稱呼；D.explored探索。根據(jù)后文“someone-of-a-kindstickers(貼紙)andacupofcoffee”可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)所需要的只是一些貼紙和咖啡。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)生們做了貼紙，并將它們分發(fā)給TheGrindCoffeeShop和其他咖啡店。A.halls大廳；B.rooms房間；C.consumers消費(fèi)者；D.shops商店。根據(jù)前文“TheGrindCoffeeShop”可知，此處指學(xué)生們把貼紙給了咖啡店。故選D。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們把貼紙貼到每一杯咖啡上的舉動(dòng)，對每一位顧客來說都是一種驚喜。A.listing列出；B.adding添加；C.showing展示；D.collecting收集。根據(jù)后文“thestickerstoeachcupofcoffee”可知，此處指學(xué)生們給每杯咖啡都加了貼紙。故選B。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們把貼紙貼到每一杯咖啡上的舉動(dòng)，對每一位顧客來說都是一種驚喜。A.teacher老師；B.student學(xué)生；C.customer顧客；D.owner主人。根據(jù)后文“Icomehereeverydayformywife.”可知，此處指學(xué)生們給咖啡加貼紙的行為的受益者是喝咖啡的顧客。故選C。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我每天來這里都是為了我的妻子?！币晃豢Х鹊甑某？驼f道。A.worker工人；B.keeper飼養(yǎng)員；C.regular?？?；D.designer設(shè)計(jì)師。根據(jù)前文“Icomehereeveryday”及后文“Forthepastweekorso,hiseverydayvisit”可知，這個(gè)人經(jīng)常光顧咖啡店，是這家咖啡店的常客。故選C。【28題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去的一周左右，他每天的訪問都讓他心情愉快，因?yàn)樗I的每一杯咖啡都帶有善意貼紙。A.counted數(shù)數(shù)；B.shortened縮短；C.maintained維持；D.brightened使明亮、使愉快。根據(jù)后文“becauseeverycupofcoffeehebuyscomeswithakindnesssticker”可知，貼紙讓這位顧客的心情愉快，“brightened”表示“使愉快”，符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它給我們之間帶來了很多對話。A.reaction反應(yīng)；B.conversation對話；C.description描述；D.personality個(gè)性。根據(jù)后文“Wewerealwayssaying”可知，貼紙引發(fā)了人們之間的交流，給這家咖啡店的人帶來了很多對話。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校還要求所有獲得善意貼紙的人在社交媒體上分享一張照片。A.find發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.share分享；C.capture捕捉；D.produce生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)后文“apictureonsocialmedia”可知，在社交媒體上應(yīng)該是分享照片。故選B。【31題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：校長同意這個(gè)項(xiàng)目對學(xué)生產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。A.cultural文化的；B.minimal最小的；C.negative消極的；D.huge巨大的。根據(jù)后文“itremindedthesekidsandthecommunityoftheinfluenceofafewkindwords”可知，校長認(rèn)為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目對學(xué)生產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。故選D。【32題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它提醒這些孩子和整個(gè)社區(qū)，幾句善意的話語所產(chǎn)生的影響。A.entire整個(gè)的；B.close親密的；C.small小的；D.open開放的。根據(jù)前文“Anditremindedthesekids”可知，此處指它提醒這些孩子和整個(gè)社區(qū)的人，項(xiàng)目的影響范圍覆蓋了整個(gè)社區(qū)。故選A。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我認(rèn)為如果他們能夠培養(yǎng)善良品質(zhì)，展現(xiàn)同理心和接受他人，并且在這個(gè)年齡實(shí)踐善意，他們將一生都具有這種品質(zhì)?！毙ｉL說道。A.interest興趣；B.kindness善良；C.confidence信心；D.patience耐心。根據(jù)前文“TheGreatKindnessChallenge”及“theinfluenceofafewkindwords”可知，項(xiàng)目的核心在于傳播善意，此處指校長認(rèn)為孩子們能培養(yǎng)出善良的品質(zhì)。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我認(rèn)為如果他們能夠培養(yǎng)善良品質(zhì)，展現(xiàn)同理心和接受他人，并且在這個(gè)年齡實(shí)踐善意，他們將一生都具有這種品質(zhì)?！毙ｉL說道。A.time時(shí)間；B.area區(qū)域；C.age年齡；D.level水平。根據(jù)前文“itremindedthesekids”可知，此處指孩子們在當(dāng)前年齡段實(shí)踐善意。故選C。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我認(rèn)為如果他們能夠培養(yǎng)善良品質(zhì)，展現(xiàn)同理心和接受他人，并且在這個(gè)年齡實(shí)踐善意，他們將一生都具有這種品質(zhì)。”校長說道。A.carry攜帶、具有；B.transform改變；C.draw畫；D.consume消耗。根據(jù)后文“itthroughtheirlives”可知，此處指他們一生都具有善良這種品質(zhì)，帶著這種品質(zhì)。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thehandshakehasbeenpartofglobalsocietyforalongtime.InancientRome,thegesturewasusedtoconveyfriendshipand____36____(loyal).PairsofclaspedhandsevenappearedonRomancoins,____37____(indicate)theimportanceoftheaction.Wecanseethatthehandshakeservedtoconveypeacefulintentions,butwhy?Onetheory____38____(link)tothefactthatmostofusareright-handed,andthuswouldhaveheldaweaponinourrighthands.Byoffering____39____emptyrighthand,strangerscouldshowtheywerenotarmedandhadnoillwilltotheotherperson.Shakinghandshasbecomeanessentialpartofbusiness.Eventhoughhandshakesaren’t____40____(literal)usedtoconfirmwhetherornottheotherpersonisholdingweaponsanymore,they’vemaintained____41____(they)signalofshowinggoodintentions.That’saveryimportantsignalinbusinesscontexts,____42____peopleoftenmeetwithstrangersinhighlyimportantsettings.However,many____43____(country)don’tshakehandsatall.InJapan,peoplebow____44____eachotherwhenmeeting,whileEthiopianmentouchshoulders.Therefore,itisimportant____45____(respect)differentcustomswhenwemeetpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.【答案】36.loyalty37.indicating38.islinked39.an40.literally41.their42.where43.countries44.to45.torespect【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了握手的起源、意義及其在全球文化中的演變，同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)尊重不同文化的習(xí)俗?！?6題詳析】考查名詞。句意：在古羅馬，這種手勢被用來傳達(dá)友誼和忠誠。根據(jù)空前的and和friendship可知，空處需用名詞loyalty“忠誠”和friendship并列作動(dòng)詞convey的賓語。故填loyalty?！?7題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：緊握的雙手圖案甚至出現(xiàn)在羅馬硬幣上，這表明了這個(gè)動(dòng)作的重要性。句子的謂語動(dòng)詞為appeared，空處表示自然發(fā)生的結(jié)果，作結(jié)果狀語，應(yīng)用indicate的現(xiàn)在分詞形式indicating。故填indicating?！?8題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：一種理論與這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)有關(guān)，即我們大多數(shù)人習(xí)慣用右手，因此我們會(huì)用右手持有武器。belinkedto是固定短語，意為“與……有關(guān)聯(lián)”，句子描述的是客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語Onetheory是第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is。故填islinked?！?9題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：過伸出一只空著的右手，陌生人可以表明他們沒有攜帶武器，對對方?jīng)]有惡意。hand為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，此處表示泛指“一只空著的右手”，且empty為以元音音素開頭的單詞，故用不定冠詞an。故填an?！?0題詳析】考查副詞。句意：盡管握手不再真正地用于確認(rèn)對方是否持有武器，但它們?nèi)匀槐Ａ袅吮磉_(dá)善意的信號。根據(jù)空后used可知，空處需用副詞literally“真正地，確實(shí)地”，修飾動(dòng)詞used作狀語。故填literally?！?1題詳析】考查代詞。句意：盡管握手不再真正地用于確認(rèn)對方是否持有武器，但它們?nèi)匀槐Ａ袅吮磉_(dá)善意的信號。空處修飾名詞signal，需用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。【42題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：這在商業(yè)環(huán)境中是一個(gè)非常重要的信號，在這種環(huán)境中人們經(jīng)常在非常重要的場合與陌生人見面?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限定性定語從句，先行詞是businesscontexts，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where?！?3題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：然而，許多國家根本不握手。根據(jù)空前的many可知，空處需用名詞復(fù)數(shù)countries。故填countries。【44題詳析】考查介詞。句意：在日本，人們見面時(shí)會(huì)互相鞠躬，而埃塞俄比亞男性會(huì)碰肩。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查短語bowtosb.，意為“向某人鞠躬”，故空處需用介詞to。故填to。【45題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：因此，當(dāng)我們與來自不同背景的人見面時(shí)，尊重不同的習(xí)俗是很重要的?！癷tisimportanttodosth.”是固定句型，其中it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞