高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省贛州市2024屆普通高等學校招生考前第三次模擬英語試卷第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThesefourpeoplefromaroundtheworldprovethat,together,wecanreshapethefutureofourplanet.DianeWilsonInDecember2019,DianeWilsonwonalandmarkcaseagainstFormosaPlastics,oneoftheworld’slargestplasticcompanies,forgettingridofpoisonousplasticwasteillegallyonTexas’GulfCoast.The$50millionsettlementisthelargestawardinacitizensuitagainstanindustrialpolluterinthehistoryoftheUSCleanWaterAct.Asapartofthesettlement,FormosaPlasticsagreedtostopthrowingawayplasticwasteandfundremediation(補救)ofaffectedlocalwetlands,beaches,andwaterways.DelimaSilalahiDelimaSilalahiledacampaigntosecurelegalcontrolof17,824acresoftropical(熱帶的)forestlandforsixindigenouscommunitiesinNorthSumatra,Indonesia.Hercommunity’sactivismreclaimedthisterritoryfromapulp(紙漿)andpapercompany.Thesixcommunitieshavebegunrestoringtheforests,creatingvaluablecarbonsinksofbiodiverseIndonesiantropicalforest.TeroMustonenSinceApril2018,TeroMustonenhasledtherestorationof62severelydestroyedformerindustrialpeat(泥炭)miningandforestrysitesthroughoutFinland—totaling86,000acres—andtransformedthemintoproductive,biodiversewetlandsandhabitats.Richinorganicmatter,peatlandsarehighlyeffectivecarbonsinks.Roughlyone-thirdofFinland’ssurfaceareaismadeupofpeatlands.AlessandraKorapMundurukuAlessandraKorapMundurukuorganisedcommunityeffortstostopminingdevelopmentbyBritishminingcompanyAngloAmericaninBrazil’sAmazonrainforest.InMay2021,thecompanyformallycommitteditselftowithdrawing27approvedresearchapplicationstomineinsideindigenousterritories,includingtheSawréMuybuIndigenousTerritory,whichcontainsmorethan400,000acresofrainforest.ThedecisionprotectsacriticallythreatenedareaoftheAmazonfromfurthermininganddeforestation.1.Whofiledasuitagainstacompany?A.DianeWilson. B.TeroMustonen.C.DelimaSilalahi. D.AlessandraKorapMunduruku.2.WhichofthefollowingwasTeroMustonendevotedto?A.Promotingtheindustrialpeatmining. B.Repairingthedamagedonetopeatlands.C.Restoringbiodiversewetlandsandhabitats. D.Controllingthedevelopmentofcarbonstores.3.Whatcanweinferaboutthepeoplementionedinthetext?A.Theyarehighlycreative. B.Theyareveryconsiderate.C.Theyarehumanrightsactivists. D.Theyareenvironmentaldefenders.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界上四個人為地球所做出的貢獻?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中DianeWilson部分中“InDecember2019,DianeWilsonwonalandmarkcaseagainstFormosaPlastics,oneoftheworld’slargestplasticcompanies,forgettingridofpoisonousplasticwasteillegallyonTexas’GulfCoast.(2019年12月，黛安·威爾遜贏得了一場具有里程碑意義的訴訟，起訴世界上最大的塑料公司之一臺塑(FormosaPlastics)在德克薩斯州墨西哥灣沿岸非法處理有毒塑料廢物。)”可知，黛安·威爾遜起訴了一家公司。故選A。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TeroMustonen部分中“SinceApril2018,TeroMustonenhasledtherestorationof62severelydestroyedformerindustrialpeat(泥炭)miningandforestrysitesthroughoutFinland—totaling86,000acres—andtransformedthemintoproductive,biodiversewetlandsandhabitats.(自2018年4月以來，TeroMustonen領(lǐng)導了芬蘭各地62個嚴重破壞的前工業(yè)泥炭采礦和林業(yè)場所(總面積達8.6萬英畝)的恢復(fù)工作，并將其轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樯a(chǎn)力高、生物多樣性豐富的濕地和棲息地)”可知，TeroMustonen致力于修復(fù)被嚴重破壞的前工業(yè)泥炭采礦和林業(yè)場所。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thesefourpeoplefromaroundtheworldprovethat,together,wecanreshapethefutureofourplanet.(這四位來自世界各地的人證明，我們可以一起重塑地球的未來。)”以及下文介紹了他們?yōu)榱吮Ｗo地球環(huán)境所做出的貢獻?？芍麄兪黔h(huán)境保護衛(wèi)士。故選D。BForMireilleKamariza,agraduatestudentatoneoftheworld’stopuniversities,thefightagainsttuberculosis(TB)(結(jié)核病),whichsickensnearly10millionpeopleayear,isnotjustaboutscientificprogressandreputation.It’spersonal.KamarizagrewupinthesmallAfricancountryofBurundi,wheremanyaroundherwerestrickenwithTB.InBurundi,it’srareforgirlstoattendcollege.“SciencewassomethingthatEuropeansandAmericansdid,”shesays.“Itwasforotherpeople—notforme.”“IneverdreamtKamarizawouldbecomeascientistbecauseitisacareerpaththatisunknowninBurundi,”saysDeniseSinankwa,Kamariza’smother.Sheandherhusbandwereraisingfourkids,andSinankwaoftendidmultiplejobstofeedthefamily.ButSinankwastillpushedKamarizatodowellinschool.Shewantedherdaughtertolandagood-payingjobandbeabletosupportherself.WhenKamarizawas17,shewenttoSanDiego,US,inthefallof2006withherbrothers.Theytookvariousjobsatgrocerystores,restaurantsandshops.AtSanDiegoMesaCollege,shemetSalouaSaidane,herchemistryteacher,whowasafellowFrench-speakingAfrican.“Shestartedmyjourneyintoscience.ShereallypushedmeandkeptmotivatingmeandtellingmeIshouldaimhigh.Whatevershetoldme,Idid,”saysKamariza.SheisnowagraduatestudentatStanfordUniversity.Kamarizawantedtofocusoninfectiousdisease.Soshestartedbrainstormingwithherpartner,anothergraduatestudent,tofigureoutaquickerwaytodiagnoseTB.Theyeventuallycameupwithanewtestthatrecognisesasugar,calledtrehalose,thatisonlyfoundinTBbacteria(細菌).CurrentTBteststakealotoftimeandeffortandarenotverysensitive—someinfectionsaremissed.TBculturesaremorereliablebuttakesixweekstoproducearesult.Kamariza’smethodscouldmakeTBdiagnosessimplerandmoreaccurate.In2018,HarvardofferedKamarizaapositioninitsSocietyofFellows.“I’mthefirstblackwomanbiologistatthesociety,”shesays.“Atthatpoint,it’snotaboutmeanymore.It’swhatIrepresent.”4.WhatcanweinferaboutDeniseSinankwa?A.SheoncegotinfectedwithTB. B.Shedreamtaboutbeingascientist.C.Shevaluedherdaughter’seducation. D.Sheencouragedherkidstostudyscience.5.WhatdoesKamarizasayaboutSalouaSaidane?A.Saidanehadabiginfluenceonher. B.Saidaneseldomspokehighlyofher.C.Saidanehadunrealisticexpectations. D.Saidanewasunfriendlytoherstudents.6.WhydidKamarizaworkwithherpartner?A.ToshortenthetimeusedtocureTB. B.ToproducemorereliableTBcultures.C.TodevelopafastertesttodiagnoseTB. D.TofigureoutthebacterialeadingtoTB.7.WhatcanwelearnfromKamariza’sexperience?A.Luckoftenplaysavitalpartinscientificresearch.B.Weshouldpursueourpassionsdespitedifficulties.C.Hardworkdoesnotnecessarilypayoffeventually.D.Scientificprogressandthereputationmatterequally.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了生于布隆迪的MireilleKamariza通過努力成為一名科學家并研發(fā)出了一種更快診斷結(jié)核病的方法的故事?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ButSinankwastillpushedKamarizatodowellinschool.Shewantedherdaughtertolandagood-payingjobandbeabletosupportherself.(但是Sinankwa仍然督促Kamariza在學校取得好成績。她希望女兒能找到一份收入不錯的工作，能夠養(yǎng)活自己)”可知，DeniseSinankwa重視女兒的教育。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Shestartedmyjourneyintoscience.ShereallypushedmeandkeptmotivatingmeandtellingmeIshouldaimhigh.Whatevershetoldme,Idid,”saysKamariza.(“她開啟了我的科學之旅。她真的鞭策我，不斷激勵我，告訴我應(yīng)該志存高遠。無論她告訴我什么，我都照做了?！盞amariza說)”可知，卡瑪扎認為薩魯·賽丹對她影響很大。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Soshestartedbrainstormingwithherpartner,anothergraduatestudent,tofigureoutaquickerwaytodiagnoseTB.(因此，她開始與她的搭檔，另一名研究生，進行頭腦風暴，找出一種更快的診斷結(jié)核病的方法)”可知，卡瑪扎要和她的搭檔合作是為了開發(fā)一種更快的結(jié)核病診斷方法。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““I’mthefirstblackwomanbiologistatthesociety,”shesays.“Atthatpoint,it’snotaboutmeanymore.It’swhatIrepresent.”(“我是該協(xié)會的第一位黑人女性生物學家，”她說?！霸谀莻€時候，一切都不再是關(guān)于我了。這就是我所代表的?！?”結(jié)合文章講述了生于布隆迪的MireilleKamariza通過努力成為一名科學家并研發(fā)出了一種更快診斷結(jié)核病的方法的故事。可知，Kamariza的經(jīng)歷告訴我們即使困難重重，我們應(yīng)該追求我們的激情。故選B。C“Help!”“Landhere!”“Conserveresources!”“Getoff!”“Myfruitsarereadytoeat!”Thesearejustsomeofthemanymessagesweknowplantscansend.Toreacttotheenvironment,asingleplantmustcommunicateamongitsroots,stems,leaves,flowers,andfruits.Insteadofsignalsmovingthroughanervoussystemlikeours,SimonGilroy,aprofessorofbotanyatUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,saysinplants,it’smorelikeplumbing(管路系統(tǒng)).Electricalsignalstravelthroughthemovementofchemicalsinthosetubes,explainsCourtneyJahn,abiologistwhostudiesplantinteractions.Forexample,rootscandetectdroughtandtellleavestolimittranspiration(蒸騰作用)andconservewater.Researcherscanobservethiselectricalcommunicationbyplacingdevicesintwodifferentplacesonaplant.We’veevenmadeinstrumentsthatcantranslatethatelectricchargeintosoundswecanhear.Ifaplantiswounded,electricalsignalscomeoutofthatwound,Gilroysays.Andplantscanpasstheseelectricalsignalsbetweenindividualsiftheyaretouching.Researchersfoundthatwithspecialmicrophonesthatdetectbatcalls,youcanhearplants,too.Theyarelisteningtothesesoundstofindnewmethodstodiagnose,treat,andmonitorplantswithouttouchingthem.Ashumans,wemaynotbeabletonaturallyhearthem,butwecanoftensmellplantmessages.Whengrassiscut,itreleaseschemicals—asignalofaskingforhelp.Thissmellysignalbelongstoagroupofchemicalscalledvolatiles,whichcantravelfarasgasesbothaboveandbelowground.Eachplantspecieshastheirownspecialvolatilecompounds.NataliaDudareva,biochemistatPurdueUniversity,saysthesevolatilecompoundshavemanydifferentfunctions.Volatilescandrawinpollinators(傳粉昆蟲)whenaflowerisready,andevendirectthemtoflowers,whilesomearesentfromleavestodeteranimalsthatfeedononlyplants.So,nexttimeyouwalkonsomegrassorpickaflower,rememberthatthepoorinjuredplantmightbescreamingouttoitsneighbours.8.WhyistheexamplegiveninParagraph2?A.Toclarifyhowchemicalstravelinaplant. B.Todescribehowrootsofaplantworkwell.C.Toconfirmaplanthasanervoussystem. D.Toshowaplantcancommunicateinternally.9.Howdoplantspasselectricalsignalstoothers?A.Byusingtheirwounds. B.Bytouchingeachother.C.Bydetectingelectriccharge. D.Bychangingthemintosounds.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deter”inParagraph4mean?A.Preserve. B.Attract. C.Driveaway. D.Turnto.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSecretLanguageofPlants B.TheIncrediblePowerofNatureC.TheValueofInteractingwithWildlife D.TheTrickofGettingAlongwithNature【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【語篇解讀】本文屬于說明文。文章通過介紹植物如何通過電信號、化學物質(zhì)（如揮發(fā)性化合物）進行內(nèi)部溝通及對外界環(huán)境和其他生物的反應(yīng)，揭示了植物間復(fù)雜的通信方式?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Toreacttotheenvironment,asingleplantmustcommunicateamongitsroots,stems,leaves,flowers,andfruits.Insteadofsignalsmovingthroughanervoussystemlikeours,SimonGilroy,aprofessorofbotanyatUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,saysinplants,it’smorelikeplumbing(管路系統(tǒng)).Electricalsignalstravelthroughthemovementofchemicalsinthosetubes,explainsCourtneyJahn,abiologistwhostudiesplantinteractions.Forexample,rootscandetectdroughtandtellleavestolimittranspiration(蒸騰作用)andconservewater.(為了對環(huán)境做出反應(yīng)，一株植物必須在它的根、莖、葉、花和果實之間進行交流。威斯康星大學麥迪遜分校植物學教授西蒙·吉爾羅伊說，與我們的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)不同，植物的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)更像是管路系統(tǒng)。研究植物相互作用的生物學家考特尼·揚解釋說，電信號通過這些管道中化學物質(zhì)的運動傳播。例如，根可以探測干旱，并告訴葉子限制蒸騰作用和保存水分。)”可知，植物的根可以檢測到干旱并告訴葉子限制蒸騰作用以保存水分，說明這個例子是為了展示植物內(nèi)部可以進行溝通。故選D。【9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中的“Andplantscanpasstheseelectricalsignalsbetweenindividualsiftheyaretouching.(如果植物相互接觸，它們可以在個體之間傳遞這些電信號。)”可知，植物通過相互接觸來傳遞電信號。故選B?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。由文章第四段中的“animalsthatfeedononlyplants(以植物為食的動物)”可知，這些揮發(fā)性化合物中有一些是從葉子中釋放出來以阻止只吃植物的動物的，因此deter在這里的意思應(yīng)該是“驅(qū)趕”。A.Preserve保存；B.Attract吸引；C.Driveaway驅(qū)趕；D.Turnto轉(zhuǎn)向。故選C。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段““Help!”“Landhere!”“Conserveresources!”“Getoff!”“Myfruitsarereadytoeat!”Thesearejustsomeofthemanymessagesweknowplantscansend.(“救命！“在這兒降落！”“節(jié)約資源！”“走開！”“我的水果可以吃了!”這些只是我們知道植物可以傳遞的許多信息中的一部分。)”可知，文章主要講述了植物如何通過電信號、化學物質(zhì)等進行內(nèi)部及外部的溝通，因此最合適的標題是關(guān)于植物的交流方式，即選項A“TheSecretLanguageofPlants(植物的秘密語言)”。故選A。DItsoundslikesomethingfromasci-fimovie,butthenewlyrevealeddeviceusesthecontrastbetweenshadowandlighttocreateanelectriccurrent.Thatcurrentcanpowersmallelectronicdevices,suchasadigitalwatchorLEDlights.“Byusingshade,wecanharvestenergyanywhereonEarth,notjustinopenspaces,”saysSweeChingTan,amaterialsscientistintheNationalUniversityofSingapore.Someday,thesegeneratorsmightproduceenergyinshadowyspotsbetweenskyscrapers,hesays,orevenindoors.Tanandhisteamcalltheirnewdeviceashadow-effectenergygenerator.Theymadeitbycoatingsilicon(硅)withathinlayerofgold.Eachdevicemeasures4centimetreslongand2centimetreswide.Electrons(電子)areoneoftheparticlesthatmakeupatoms.Theyhaveanegativeelectriccharge.Asinasolarcell,lightshiningonthisgeneratorenergiseselectronsinthesilicon.Thoseelectronsthenjumpintothegold.Voltage(電壓)isameasureofelectricalpotentialenergy,atypeofenergyrelatedtoanobject’scondition.Lightbooststhevoltageofthelitmetal,makingithigherthanthatinthedarkpartofthegenerator.Electronsflowfromhightolowvoltage.Sothedifferenceinlightlevelscreatesanelectriccurrent.Sendingelectronsthroughacircuitmakesaflowofcurrentthatcanpowerasmallelectronicdevice.Theteamcompareditsgeneratorstocommercialsolarcellsthataretypicallyusedunderfullsunlight.Withhalfofeachdeviceinshadow,thegeneratorsproducedroughlytwiceasmuchpowerpersurfaceareaasthesolarcells.Butwhenthewholedeviceisinshadow,theamountofelectricitygeneratedisverylowornoneatall.Increasinghowmuchlightthegeneratorscanabsorbwouldallowthemtomakebetteruseofshadows.WhiletheresearchconductedbySweeChingTan’steamhaslimitations,itopensthedoortothedevelopmentofwearabledevicesattachedtoclothingtoharvestenergyduringnormaldailyactivities,aswellaslow-costpanelsforefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewdevice?A.Itcangenerateelectricity. B.Itisinspiredbyasci-fimovie.C.Itcangiveofflightinshadow. D.Ithardlyworksinopenspaces.13.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thefeaturesofthenewdevice. B.Theworkingsofthenewdevice.C.Thecausesofenergyproduction. D.Therolesofelectronsandvoltages.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthenewdeviceinParagraph4?A.Itworksaswellasthesolarcells. B.Ithasapromisingcommercialfuture.C.Itisreadytobeputintouseimmediately. D.Itneedsimprovementinitsperformance.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsSweeChingTan’sresearch?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Approving. D.Intolerant.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了新加坡國立大學一個科研團隊研發(fā)的一個名叫“陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)射器”的裝置?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Itsoundslikesomethingfromasci-fimovie,butthenewlyrevealeddeviceusesthecontrastbetweenshadowandlighttocreateanelectriccurrent.Thatcurrentcanpowersmallelectronicdevices,suchasadigitalwatchorLEDlights.(這聽起來像是科幻電影里的東西，但新發(fā)布的設(shè)備利用陰影和光線之間的對比來產(chǎn)生電流。這種電流可以為小型電子設(shè)備供電，比如數(shù)字手表或LED燈)”可知，這個新裝置可以發(fā)電。故選A?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Electrons(電子)areoneoftheparticlesthatmakeupatoms.Theyhaveanegativeelectriccharge.Asinasolarcell,lightshiningonthisgeneratorenergiseselectronsinthesilicon.Thoseelectronsthenjumpintothegold.Voltage(電壓)isameasureofelectricalpotentialenergy,atypeofenergyrelatedtoanobject’scondition.Lightbooststhevoltageofthelitmetal,makingithigherthanthatinthedarkpartofthegenerator.Electronsflowfromhightolowvoltage.Sothedifferenceinlightlevelscreatesanelectriccurrent.Sendingelectronsthroughacircuitmakesaflowofcurrentthatcanpowerasmallelectronicdevice.(電子是構(gòu)成原子的粒子之一。它們帶一個負電荷。就像在太陽能電池中一樣，照射在這個發(fā)電機上的光激發(fā)了硅中的電子。然后這些電子跳進金中。電壓是電勢能的量度，電勢能是一種與物體狀態(tài)有關(guān)的能量。光提高了點亮金屬的電壓，使其高于發(fā)電機黑暗部分的電壓。電子從高電壓流向低電壓。因此，光線水平的差異產(chǎn)生了電流。將電子通過電路產(chǎn)生的電流可以為小型電子設(shè)備提供動力)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是新設(shè)備的工作原理。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Butwhenthewholedeviceisinshadow,theamountofelectricitygeneratedisverylowornoneatall.Increasinghowmuchlightthegeneratorscanabsorbwouldallowthemtomakebetteruseofshadows.(但是當整個裝置處于陰影中時，產(chǎn)生的電量就非常低，甚至根本不產(chǎn)生電能。增加發(fā)電機能吸收的光量可以讓它們更好地利用陰影)”可知，新裝置的性能需要改進。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“WhiletheresearchconductedbySweeChingTan’steamhaslimitations,itopensthedoortothedevelopmentofwearabledevicesattachedtoclothingtoharvestenergyduringnormaldailyactivities,aswellaslow-costpanelsforefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.(雖然SweeChingTan的團隊進行的研究有局限性，但它為開發(fā)附著在衣服上的可穿戴設(shè)備打開了大門，這些設(shè)備可以在日?；顒又惺占芰?，以及低成本的面板，可以有效地從室內(nèi)照明中收集能量)”可知，作者對研究的態(tài)度是支持。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Aretherelifelessonsinswimming?Swimmingissomuchmorethanjustaboutthestrokeoragoodkick.___16___Whatmightitsaythen??Bepatientwiththethingsyouwanttolearn.Swimmingisverytechnicalandrequireslotsofpracticeofdrillsandskills.Thisrequirespatienceandnomatterhowtalentedyouare,youwon’tmasterswimmingwithinaweek.Regardlessofyourswimmingproficiency(熟練),youwillalwayshavesomethingtolearn.Thismakesswimmingamazingyetdisappointing.Thereisalwaysthenextstep,justlikeinlife.___17___?Youlearnhowtodealwithfailureandsetbacks.It’snotalwaysgoingtobefair.Andthingswon’talwaysgoourway.Therewillbetimeswhennomatterhowhardwework,theresultsdon’tmatchoureffortinpractice.Thesemomentshurt,andtheymakeyourealiseyouarenotasgoodasyouthinkyouare.___18___Toovercome.Andtobehumble.?___19___Everwonderwhysomanyswimmersseemtohavesuperhumanspeedwhenitcomestorelaylegs?I’veseenitsomanytimes,frommyownswimming,droppingnearlyasecondonmybesttimeinthe50mfreestyle,toJasonLezakandhisotherworldly46.0attheBeijingOlympics—thereissomethingthathappenswhenyouraceforsomethingbesidesjustyourself.?Losingisasimportantaswinning.Winningisgreatwhilelosingisterrible.Wecanagreetothat.___20___Youwilllosemanytimesduringyourswimmingcareer,butbeingabletoleanacrossthelanelineandshakethewinner’shandmeansthatyouconquered(戰(zhàn)勝)yourself.Similarly,beingachampionismorethanjustbeingthefirstswimmertothewall—it’sbeinghumbleinvictory,andsettinganexampleforthosetocome.Swimmingisnotonlyasport;itisalifestyle.Thelessonsthatyoulearnfromswimmingwillfollowyouthroughlife.A.Beingateammakeseveryonebetter.B.Youdonotalwaysgetwhatyouwant.C.Itcanalsospeakmeaningfullyintoourlives.D.Buttheyalsoteachyouhowtobementallytough.E.Itteachesyoutobemindfuloftheprocessandnottorushthings.F.ButIbelievethathowwedobothmattersmorethantheoutcome.G.Youneedtoadoptthedailyroutinesandhabitsthatwillgetyouthere.【答案】16.C17.E18.D19.A20.F【語篇解讀】本文說明文。文章介紹了游泳不僅僅是關(guān)于劃水或良好的踢腿技巧，它還蘊含著豐富的生活教訓。文章通過幾個方面來闡述游泳如何影響并教導我們在生活中的態(tài)度和技能?！?6題詳析】由上文“Swimmingissomuchmorethanjustaboutthestrokeoragoodkick.(游泳不僅僅是劃水或踢腿那么簡單。)”可知，此處應(yīng)表示游泳的技術(shù)和動作之外所涵蓋的內(nèi)容。選項C“Itcanalsospeakmeaningfullyintoourlives.(它還可以對我們的生活產(chǎn)生有意義的影響。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選C?！?7題詳析】由上文“Thisrequirespatienceandnomatterhowtalentedyouare,youwon’tmasterswimmingwithinaweek.Regardlessofyourswimmingproficiency(熟練),youwillalwayshavesomethingtolearn.Thismakesswimmingamazingyetdisappointing.Thereisalwaysthenextstep,justlikeinlife.(這需要耐心，無論你多么有天賦，你都不可能在一周內(nèi)掌握游泳。不管你的游泳水平如何，你總有東西要學。這使得游泳既神奇又令人失望。就像在生活中一樣，總會有下一步。)”可知，游泳需要耐心，總有東西要學，本空應(yīng)繼續(xù)討論在游泳中要學會的耐心技能，E選項“Itteachesyoutobemindfuloftheprocessandnottorushthings.(它教會你關(guān)注過程，不要急于求成。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選E?！?8題詳析】由上文“Youlearnhowtodealwithfailureandsetbacks.It’snotalwaysgoingtobefair.Andthingswon’talwaysgoourway.Therewillbetimeswhennomatterhowhardwework,theresultsdon’tmatchoureffortinpractice.Thesemomentshurt,andtheymakeyourealiseyouarenotasgoodasyouthinkyouare.(你學會了如何處理失敗和挫折。這并不總是公平的。事情并不總是如我們所愿。有時候，無論我們多么努力，結(jié)果與我們在實踐中的努力并不匹配。這些時刻讓人心痛，它們讓你意識到你并沒有自己想象的那么好。要克服。要謙虛。)”可知，本空談?wù)撚斡編淼木駥用娴暮锰帲鳧選項“Buttheyalsoteachyouhowtobementallytough.(但它們也教會你如何在精神上變得堅韌。)”能承接上文，符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳析】由下文“Everwonderwhysomanyswimmersseemtohavesuperhumanspeedwhenitcomestorelaylegs?I’veseenitsomanytimes,frommyownswimming,droppingnearlyasecondonmybesttimeinthe50mfreestyle,toJasonLezakandhisotherworldly46.0attheBeijingOlympics—thereissomethingthathappenswhenyouraceforsomethingbesidesjustyourself.(有沒有想過為什么那么多游泳運動員在接力賽中似乎有超人的速度？從我自己在50米自由泳的最佳成績上落后近一秒，到JasonLezak在北京奧運會上超凡脫俗的46秒，我已經(jīng)見過很多次了——當你為別的東西而比賽時，會發(fā)生一些事情，而不僅僅是你自己。)”可知，本段主要討論了接力賽中游泳者展現(xiàn)出超乎尋常的速度，以及團隊合作對于提升表現(xiàn)的重要性，A選項“Beingateammakeseveryonebetter.(作為一個團隊使每個人都變得更好。)”能概括本段主旨，作為小標題最恰當。故選A。【20題詳析】由上文“Losingisasimportantaswinning.Winningisgreatwhilelosingisterrible.Wecanagreetothat.(輸和贏一樣重要。贏是偉大的，輸是可怕的。我們可以同意。)”和下文“Youwilllosemanytimesduringyourswimmingcareer,butbeingabletoleanacrossthelanelineandshakethewinner’shandmeansthatyouconquered(戰(zhàn)勝)yourself.Similarly,beingachampionismorethanjustbeingthefirstswimmertothewall—it’sbeinghumbleinvictory,andsettinganexampleforthosetocome.(在你的游泳生涯中，你會輸很多次，但是能夠越過泳道線和勝利者握手意味著你戰(zhàn)勝了自己。同樣，成為一名冠軍也不僅僅是成為第一個到達終點的游泳運動員，而是在勝利時保持謙遜，為后來者樹立榜樣。)”可知，上文提到勝利固然美妙，失敗則令人沮喪，而下文緊接著說在游泳生涯中你會多次失敗，但能從失敗中站起來才是關(guān)鍵，說明如何對待勝負很重要。F選項“ButIbelievethathowwedobothmattersmorethantheoutcome.(但我認為我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對這兩者比結(jié)果更重要)”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IalwaysknewI’dbeenadoptedshortlyafterbirth.MyparentsDavidandJeanettewerealways___21___aboutthefactthatIwasadopted.Theydidn’tknowmuchaboutmybirthparents,buttheyassumedmybirthparentshadbeen___22___togivemeupforsomereason.WhileIwasvery___23___them,Ioftenfoundmyselfwonderingaboutmybirthparents.Therewasn’tapartofmethat___24___themforthedecisionsthey’dmade.ButIwas___25___toknowwhetherwesharedanythingincommon.At18,Iwrotetotheadoptionagencytotryandfindmybirthparents;___26___,mylettersanklikealeadballoon.Thentwoyearslater,in1986,thelawchangedto___27___NewZealandresidentsover20who’dbeenadoptedtofindtheirbirthfamilies,soIsetaboutgettingacopyofmybirthcertificate.___28___,Iwasabletolocatemybiologicalparents,who’dmovedtoAustraliasoonafterIwasborn.Theygota___29___whentheyreceivedmycallandagreedpassionatelytocomeandmeet.Justaweeklater,theyflewtowhereIlived.Surprisingly,Iwasableto___30___thematfirstsight.“Wehadanexceptionally___31___life,yourdadandIunemployedwhenyouwereborn,sowehadno___32___,”saidMum.Buttheyadmittedthey’dalwaysfelt___33___aboutgivingmeup.“Ican___34___youandthereisnoneedtothinkthatway,”Ismiled.Spendingthenexttwoweeksgettingtoknowoneanother,IfinallyfeltlikeI___35___.Imustbetheluckiestwomanonearth,Ithought.21.A.cautious B.curious C.uneasy D.open22.A.expected B.forced C.forbidden D.reminded23.A.closeto B.kindto C.familiarwith D.patientwith24.A.forgave B.praised C.dismissed D.blamed25.A.sad B.hesitant C.desperate D.grateful26.A.therefore B.however C.otherwise D.besides27.A.allow B.advise C.persuade D.order28.A.Similarly B.Regrettably C.Incredibly D.Seriously29.A.defeat B.relief C.guarantee D.shock30.A.remember B.recognize C.hate D.upset31.A.tough B.active C.lonely D.peaceful32.A.mercy B.luck C.wonder D.option33.A.guilty B.calm C.unclear D.passionate34.A.agreewith B.takeafter C.relateto D.waiton35.A.survived B.belonged C.panicked D.collapsed【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.D33.A34.C35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了“我”的尋親之旅，這場尋親之旅讓“我”最終找到了歸屬感?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母大衛(wèi)和珍妮特一直對我被收養(yǎng)的事實持開放態(tài)度。A.cautious謹慎的；B.curious好奇的；C.uneasy不安的；D.open公開的。根據(jù)第一段“IalwaysknewI’dbeenadoptedshortlyafterbirth.”可知,“我”一直都知道自己出生后不久就被收養(yǎng)了。由此可推知，此處指“我”的養(yǎng)父母對于“我”是被收養(yǎng)的這一事實是“公開的”。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們對我的親生父母了解不多，但他們認為我的親生家長是出于某種原因被迫放棄我的。A.expected期待；B.forced強迫；C.forbidden禁止；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)空前的“Theydidn’tknowmuchaboutmybirthparents”和“but”一詞可推知，此處指雖然“我”的養(yǎng)父母對“我”的親生父母了解的不多，但是他們認為“我”的親生父母是基于某種原因被“強迫”拋棄“我”的。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞組辨析。句意：雖然我和他們很親近，但我經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在想我的親生父母。A.closeto與……親近；B.kindto對……友好；C.familiarwith熟悉……；D.patientwith對……有耐心。根據(jù)While表示的轉(zhuǎn)折意義以及空后的“Ioftenfoundmyselfwonderingaboutmybirthparents”可推知，此處指雖然“我”與“我”的養(yǎng)父母很“親近”，但是“我”經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在想著“我”的親生父母。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我一點也不責怪他們所做的決定。A.forgave原諒；B.praised稱贊；C.dismissed解雇；D.blamed責怪。根據(jù)下文“我”說的話“thereisnoneedtothinkthatway”可推知，此處指“我”一點也沒有因為親生父母作出的決定而“責怪”他們。故選D。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我非常想知道我們是否有共同點。A.sad難過的；B.hesitant猶豫的；C.desperate極想的；D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)空前一句和空前的“But”以及下文寫信尋找親生父母可推知，此處指雖然“我”沒有因為親生父母作出的決定而責怪他們，但是“我”“很想”知道“我”與親生父母之間是否有共同點。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：18歲時，我寫信給收養(yǎng)機構(gòu)，試圖找到我的親生父母；然而，我的信像鉛氣球一樣沉了下去。A.therefore因此；B.however然而；C.otherwise否則；D.besides此外。根據(jù)空“Iwrotetotheadoptionagencytotryandfindmybirthparents”可知，18歲那年，“我”寫信給收養(yǎng)機構(gòu)，試圖找到“我”的親生父母；根據(jù)空后的“mylettersanklikealeadballoon”可知,“我”寫的信石沉大海，沒有回音。由此可推知，空處前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩年后的1986年，法律發(fā)生了變化，允許20歲以上被收養(yǎng)的新西蘭居民找到他們的出生家庭，所以我開始領(lǐng)取我的出生證明副本。A.allow允許；B.advise建議；C.persuade說服；D.order命令。根據(jù)空后的“soIsetaboutgettingacopyofmybirthcertificate”可推知，此處指當時法律修改了，“允許”新西蘭20歲以上的被收養(yǎng)的居民尋找自己的親生父母了。故選A。【28題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：令人難以置信的是，我找到了我的親生父母，他們在我出生后不久就搬到了澳大利亞。A.Similarly相似地；B.Regrettably令人遺憾地；C.Incredibly令人難以置信地；D.Seriously嚴肅地。根據(jù)空后的“Iwasabletolocatemybiologicalparents”可知，“我”能夠找到親生父母的居住地，這是令“我”感到“難以置信的”。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們接到我的電話并熱情地同意來見面時，他們大吃一驚。A.defeat擊??；B.relief寬慰；C.guarantee保證；D.shock震驚。根據(jù)后文“whentheyreceivedmycallandagreedpassionatelytocomeandmeet”以及結(jié)合選項可推知，當“我”的親生父母接到“我”打給他們的電話時，他們應(yīng)該是“震驚的”。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，我第一眼就認出了他們。A.remember記得；B.recognize認出；C.hate討厭；D.upset使煩惱。根據(jù)上文的“agreedpassionatelytocomeandmeet”可知，“我”的親生父母答應(yīng)來見“我”；再結(jié)合空前的“Surprisingly”可推知，此處指當“我們”見面時，令人驚奇的是，“我”一眼就能“認出”他們。故選B。【31題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的生活異常艱難，你出生時我和你爸爸都失業(yè)了，所以我們別無選擇。A.tough艱難的；B.active積極的；C.lonely孤獨的；D.peaceful平靜的。根據(jù)空后的“yourdadandIunemployedwhenyouwereborn”可知，“我”的親生父母在“我”出生時失業(yè)了。由此可推知，他們當時過著異?！捌D難的”生活。故選A。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的生活異常艱難，你出生時我和你爸爸都失業(yè)了，所以我們別無選擇。A.mercy仁慈；B.luck好運；C.wonder驚訝；D.option選擇。根據(jù)上文“yourdadandIune