2/2單元綜合檢測(cè)(四)第一部分閱讀第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AKidsnews．com．a(chǎn)uisaliteracy(讀寫)resourceofcurrentdailynewsstoriesforstudentsintheclassroom．Thecontentisabouteducationalstoriesinchild-appropriatelanguageandthewebsiteremovesanyinappropriatecontent．Thesitedoesn'thavelinkstoanyoutsidenewssources;thereforepupilscanuseitsafelyforindependentlearning．ArticlesAtleasttwonewarticlesareaddedtothewebsiteeachschoolday．Allnewcontentisfeaturedatthetopofthehomepage．Thearticlesaredividedintotwomainkindswhichhavebeentestedasthemostpopularwithstudents：·News—coveringcurrentevents，andupdatedinterestingstoriesaboutpeople，animalsandthings．·Sport—Australianandinternationalsportseventsandpeople．Newsstoriesarealsodividedintokeytopicswhichincludenature，health，geography，technology，theenvironment，andsoon．ReadingLevelsofArticlesAtrafficlightsystemtohelpteachersdirectstudentstoappropriatecontentdependingontheirunderstandinglevels．·Green：Simpletomediumvocabulary;storycontenteasilyunderstood；opentoallreaders(especiallywithaudiooption)．·Orange：Mediumlevelofvocabulary;storycontentalittlemoredifficultbutstillabletobereadandunderstoodatmiddletoseniorprimarylevel(withaudiooption)．·Red：Difficultvocabularyandcontentthatisofahigherlevel;suitedtomoreablereaders;requiringteacherassistanceforlesscapablereaders．ActivitiesKidsNewsprovides3classroomactivitiespernewsarticle．ThesearewrittenbyteachersforteachersandarelinkeddirectlytotheAustraliancurriculum(課程)．Theactivitiesvaryeachdayandarespecifictothearticle．Eachactivityalsoincludesanextensionforhigher-levelstudents．1．WhichofthefollowingcontentmaybepopularwithstudentsonKidsNews?A．Ascienceresearchpaper．B．Abookreview．C．Internationalfootballgames．D．Australianhistory．2．WhatistheuseofthetrafficlightsystemonKidsNews?A．Toexplaineacharticleindetail．B．Toshowthepopularityofeacharticle．C．Toprovideadditionalcontentforallkids．D．Tocategorizearticlesbasedondifficultylevels．3．Whatcanweinferabouttheactivities?A．Theyareupdatedirregularly．B．Theyaredesignedtoassistteaching．C．Theyareforadvanced-levelstudents．D．Theyaresimilarinvarietiesandcontent．BWhenIlivedinPragueintheCzechRepublic，Ioftentookweekendtripstoexplorethecountrysideofneighboringcities．Oneparticularweekend，Itookathree-hourbusridetovisitanearbycity．BeforeIgotoffthebus，IcheckedthescheduleforthetimetoreturntoPrague;Iwasonlyplanningadaytripanddidnotintendtostayovernight．Afteradelightfuldayofsightseeing，Imademywaytothebusstationtocatchthe6：15busbacktoPrague．However，uponreachingthestation，Idiscoveredtherewasnoqueueforthebus．Despitethelanguagebarrier，Imanagedtogatherfromgesturesandexpressionsthatthelastbusofthedayhadalreadydepartedat5：15．Thisposedaseriousproblemforme．Aboutamonthearlier，Ihadfallenvictimtoapickpocketing(扒竊)incident，losingaround$100．Topreventasimilaroccurrence，Ionlycarriedenoughcashtocovermydailyexpenses．Withonly9crownsleftinmypocket，Ithoughtifnohotelchargedlessthan9crowns，spendingthenightonaparkbenchwouldbemyonlychoice—anuncomfortableideaforamaninhislate60s．Aftercarefulconsideration，Iwentintoahoteltotrymyluck．Naturally，Iassumeditwouldcostmorethan9crowns．Iapproachedthemanager，sharedmystorywithher，andmadearequest．IproposedthatifIcouldspendthenightthere，Iwouldgiveher9crownsaspaymentandmailtheremainingamounttoherthenextday．Tomygreatsurprise，themanagersaidIwaswelcometostay，andthatshewouldacceptwhatIhadinmypocketasthefullpaymentforaroom．Additionally，sheofferedmeanicemealforfree．Eventually，Ispentthenightinacleanandtastefullydecoratedroom，notonacold，hardparkbench．UponmyreturntoPrague，Iwrotethemanageranoteofthanksforherkindness．Sheremindedmethatkindnessisaninternationalcharacteristic，andhasnoboundaries．4．Whatwastheauthor'soriginalplanforhisweekendtrip?A．Exploringruraltransportationtools．B．PracticingspeakingtheCzechlanguage．C．Goingone-daycountrysidesightseeing．D．Enjoyinglocalfoodandaccommodation．5．Whatproblemdidtheauthorencounterduringhistrip?A．Havinghismoneystolen．B．Missingthelastreturnbus．C．Failingtofindagoodhotel．D．Findingitdifficulttocommunicate．6．Whatmighttheauthorthinkofthemanagerofthehotel?A．Generousandconsiderate．B．Optimisticandconfident．C．Open-mindedandsociable．D．Hard-workingandresponsible．7．Whatlessoncanwepossiblylearnfromtheauthor'sexperience?A．Wholaughslastlaughsbest．B．Whatgoesaroundcomesaround．C．Emergenciescomeinallformsandtimes．D．Kindnessgoesbeyondculturalboundaries．CAntsarefamedfortheirhighlydevelopedworkethic．Nowastudyshowsants'navigationalskills(導(dǎo)航技能)aremorecomplicatedthanpreviouslythought．Scientistshaverevealedhowtheinsects，whichwalkbackwardswhencarryingheavyloadsoffood，usethesun'spositionandvisualmemoriesoftheirsurroundingstoguidethemhome．Antswereknowntousebothprocesses，butthesewereassumedtobetwoseparateresponsesthatrequiredantstobefacingintheirdirectionoftravel．However，scientistshaverecentlyshownthatantswalkingbackwardswilloccasionallylookbehindthemtochecktheirsurroundings，andusetheinformationtosetacourserelativetothesun'sposition．Inthisway，theinsectscanmaintaintheircoursetowardsthenest(巢穴)regardlessofwhichwaytheyarefacing．ThescientistsfromtheUniversityofEdinburghstudiedagroupofdesertantsinSeville．Theteamsetupbarriersonthegroundtocreateaone-wayroutetothenest，gaveantseitherasmallorlargepieceofcookie，andobservedhowtheymadetheirwayhome．Theyfoundalthoughtheantsusuallywalkforwardwhencarryingsmallpiecesoffood，theyoftenwalkbackwardstopulllargeritemstotheirnest．Theresearchersalsoobservedthatantssetoffinthewrongdirectionwhenamirrorwasusedtochangetheirjudgmentofthesun'slocation．Toensuretheystayoncourse，backward-walkingantsalsoroutinelydropwhattheyarecarryingandturnaround．Theydothistocomparewhattheyseewiththeirvisualmemoriesoftheroute，andcorrecttheirdirectionoftraveliftheyhavewanderedoffcourse．ProfessorBarbaraWebb，theUniversityofEdinburgh'sSchoolofInformatics，said，“Antshavearelativelytinybrain，lessthanthesizeofapinhead(針尖)．Yettheycannavigatesuccessfullyundermanydifficultconditions，includinggoingbackward．Understandingthesebehaviorsgivesusnewknowledgeaboutbrainfunctionsofants，andinspiresustobuildrobotsystemsthatcopythem．”8．Wheredoesthedifferenceliebetweenpastandrecentdiscoveriesaboutants'navigationalskills?A．Theirmemoryforthenest．B．Theirfacingdirectionsoftravel．C．Theirresponsestosurroundings．D．Theirmethodsofmaintainingthecourse．9．WhatcanweinferfromthestudyofantsinSeville?A．Smallpiecesoffoodarepreferredbyants．B．Ants'facingdirectionsdependonthefoodsize．C．Antshabituallychoosefamiliarroutestothenest．D．Barriersonthewaydisturbants'judgmentonthedirection．10．Whatwillantsdoiftheyaremisledaboutthesun'sposition?A．Sendsignalstogettheirpartners'help．B．Justwanderofftheroutetofindanewnest．C．Lookforanotherroutebasedontheirfeeling．D．Double-checkandadjusttheircourseaccordingly．11．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Ants'greatabilitytocarryheavyloads．B．Thereactionsofantsinextremeconditions．C．Ants'environment-basednavigationalability．D．Thesimilaritybetweenants'andhumans'brains．DIfyou'veeverburnedyourhandsonahotseatbeltbuckle，youknowhowhottheinsideofacarcangetonasummerday．Butanewfabric(apieceofcloth)couldonedayhelpcarsandotherobjectsstaycoolerinthesummerandwarmerinthewinter．Thefabricactsasa“thermalcloak”(保溫斗篷)，whichhelpslimittemperaturechangesinthespacebelowit．Anditrequiresnopowersourcetodothis，meaningthecloakcancuttheenergyusedforheatingandcooling．Globally，heatingandcoolingmakeupnearlyfour-tenthsofenergyuseinbuildings．Materialslikethisthermalcloakcouldcutthenumberswhilealsokeepingusmorecomfortableduringheatwaves．KehangCuiisanengineeratShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityinChina．Forthenewstudy，histeambuiltatwo-layeredcloak．Coatedwithboronnitride，thewhitesilicafibers(硅石纖維)intheouterlayercouldreflectultraviolet(UV)lightandhelpgetridofheat．Together，theyreflected96percentofthesunlightthathadhitthefabricandwouldhavecontributedtowarming．Atthesametime，theouterlayertookinheatfromthesurroundingareaandthensentoutthatenergyasinfraredlight(紅外光)．Asheatleftthesiteasradiation，theareaunderthecloakcooledevenmore．Thatouterlayerkeepsthespaceunderthecloakcoolerforlongerthanifitwereuncovered．Still，thecloakedspaceslowlywarmsupduringtheday．Theinnerlayer—madeofaluminumfoil—keepsthisspacewarmatnightbytrappingsomeofthatheatinside．TheShanghaiteamtestedthecloak'sdurability(耐用性)inseveralextremeenvironments．Forinstance，theybakedthefabricat800℃．That'salmosthotenoughtomelttablesalt．Theteamsaysthisextremedurabilitysuggeststhecloakmightbepragmaticinspacecraftorsimilarenvironments．“Ournextstepistodemonstrateitinevenlarger-scalefieldtests—suchasrooftops．Thatshouldhelpusseeitsimpactonourdailylives，”saystheteam．12．Whatisthemainfeatureofthenewfabric?A．Itsensesin-cartemperaturechange．B．Itcollectssunlighttogeneratepower．C．Itsavesenergywhileensuringcomfort．D．Itimprovesthecoolingsystemsinbuildings．13．WhatisthefunctionofwhitesilicafibersinCui'scloak?A．Makingthecloakmoredurable．B．Keepingtheheatinsidethecloak．C．Collectinglightandprovidingenergy．D．Reflectinglightandtransformingenergy．14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pragmatic”possiblymeaninthelastparagraph?A．Rare． B．Applicable．C．Influential． D．Unreasonable．15．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Game-changingClothDetectsClimateChangeB．EngineersExploreFabric'sRoleinCoolingBuildingsC．EngineersDevelopAdvancedFabricforSustainableComfortD．ANewFabricShowsPromiseforGlobalTemperatureControl第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IwasateenagerontheCaribbeanislandofSaintVincentwhenavolcanocalledLaSoufriereeruptedunexpectedlyon13April1979．16，buttheashwashugeandfallingonpeoplelikerain．MyfatherandIdrovetowardsittoevacuate(撤離)mygrandmother;therewereevacueesalongthewaywithdonkeyscarryingtheirluggage．Thatdramaticeventmadealastingimpression．Iwentontostudygeology，andledtheUniversityoftheWestIndiesSeismicResearchCentreatSaintAugustine，Trinidad，whereIstillwork．Myteamtracks17volcanoesacrosstheLesserAntillesislandsintheCaribbean，usingGPStomonitorearthquake-relatedactivityandgrounddeformation．17．InDecember2020，alavadome(熔巖穹丘)formedonLaSoufriereandgrewquickly．Forsomereasons，wecouldn'tholdcommunitymeetings．18．Wemadesuretoprovidethemwithdetailedinstructionsonsafetymeasures，whichhelpedthemfeelmorereadyinthefaceofdanger．19．Itdidalotmoredamagethanin1979，butlessthanitcausedinitslastreallybigeruption，in1902．Peoplewerescared;theashdarkenedthesky．Butthankstoanevacuationorderissued24hoursearlier，16，000peopleweremovedtosafety．Thesedays，wegotoStVincenteverytwoorthreemonthstocheckaraingauge(計(jì)量器)thatwesetupafterthe2021eruption．20，whichgivesusbetterunderstandingandpreventionofvolcano-relateddisastersinthefuture．A．ThelavadomegrewasfastasweexpectedB．InApril2021，thevolcanoeruptedviolentlyC．SowedrovearoundwithaloudspeakertowarnpeopleatriskD．Thevolcanowas30kilometersawayontheothersideoftheislandE．LaSoufriereremainsthemostactiveontheLesserAntillesislandsF．We'restudyinghowmuchrainittakestocausethemudflowoflooseashG．Wealsoeducatepeopleaboutthethreatandwhattodoincaseofaneruption第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In1967，myhusbandandIgraduatedfromcollegewithfinancialchallenges．Westruggledtomakeboth21meetbecauseofourlow-paidjobsaswellascollegeloans．Thebirthofoursonthatsummer22ourfinancialpressure．Laterwegotinvolvedsociallywithacommunityofcouples．They23ourvaluesandhadinsightstoofferonparenting．Thisgroupofpeoplewenttomanyplacesandengagedinvariousactivities．They24madeusfeelwelcomealthoughourfinancesoften25ourparticipation．Onesummer，thegroup26apicnicandrequestedwebringpotatochips．Iwas27thatIdidn'thavetospendmuchontheevent．SoIboughttwolargebagsoftheleastexpensivebrandofpotatochipsIcouldfind．28，wegottothestatepark，onlytofindarealfeastlaidout—chicken，watermelon，home-madesalads，anddesserts．29，Ithoughtaboutleavingbutafriendreassured(使……安心)methatourtimetomakea30forthefeastwouldcome．Decadeshavepassed．Now，asmyhusbandandIapproachretirementwithourgrownson，thatpicnicremains31inmymemory．Ourfriends'kindnesshas32howweperceiveandassistothers．Wemayneverrepaythosewhoonceprovidedforus，butwecontinuethetraditionof33，supportingourstrugglingyoungerfriends．Thatday，thefeastsymbolizeda(n)34ofgratitude，nottoberepaid，buttobepaidforward．Itservesasa35ofthelastingpowerofcommunityandkindness．21．A．terms B．routesC．ends D．sides22．A．a(chǎn)llowedfor B．sortedoutC．resultedin D．a(chǎn)ddedto23．A．challenged B．sharedC．reflected D．a(chǎn)cknowledged24．A．hopefully B．originallyC．consistently D．occasionally25．A．encouraged B．restrictedC．refused D．facilitated26．A．a(chǎn)dvertised B．fundedC．delivered D．organised27．A．relieved B．satisfiedC．a(chǎn)stonished D．convinced28．A．Instead B．ThereforeC．Moreover D．However29．A．Depressed B．DisappointedC．Embarrassed D．Worried30．A．return B．fortuneC．difference D．reform31．A．a(chǎn)vailable B．freshC．distant D．untouched32．A．evaluated B．calculateC．influenced D．defined33．A．innovation B．cooperationC．royalty D．generosity34．A．debt B．favorC．a(chǎn)dvance D．investment35．A．chance B．motiveC．reminder D．turn第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Gongfutea，theChinesewayofpreparingtea，isaChineseteaceremony．ThetermGongfutea，whentranslated36．(literal)，means“makingteawithskill”．TomaketeatheGongfuway，weneed37．properteasetincludingateapotorgaiwan，smallteacups，andotherthings．Furthermore，webrew(沏)largeamountsofteaintheteapot，dependingonthetypeoftea38．(desire)byus．Wealsomustpayattentiontotheproperwatertemperatureandtea-brewingtimes．Wedoallthis39．(achieve)anidealcupoftea，hopingthetealeavescanofferustheirbestqualities．Indeed，teamastershavestudiedthetea-makingskillswith40．(patient)forcenturies，sowe'reluckyenoughtotrythefruitsoftheirefforts．Tea41．(invent)inChinathousandsofyearsagoandnumerousmedicinemenhavestudieditsinceancienttimes，andmanypoetshavewritten42．(value)poemsaboutit．Atsomepoints，theChineseteaceremonywasreallyimportant，withemperors43．(hold)teaeventsandcompetitions．However，ittooktheartofGongfuteadecadestofullydevelop44．whatweknowtoday．Andthere'snoonepersonto45．wecancredititscreation．第三部分寫作第一節(jié)假定你是李華，乘坐飛機(jī)抵達(dá)洛杉磯后發(fā)現(xiàn)背包遺失。請(qǐng)你給航空公司寫一封郵件說(shuō)明情況并尋求幫助，內(nèi)容包括：1．行程信息；2．背包特征；3．聯(lián)系方式。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．郵件的開(kāi)頭和落款已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearSir/Madam，Iamwritingtoreportthelossofmybackpack．______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHua第二節(jié)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。IoncelivedinPalermo，Sicilywithmyfamilyforyears．Onethingclearinmymindwasthattherewerealwayssomepeopleinneedonthestreets．Iwantedtohelpthem．Mumtoldmewecouldn'tpossiblyhelpallofthem，butshewouldthinkofsomething．OnenightinDecember，MumtoldmysistersandmethatwecouldeachpickonepersontohelpwiththeapproachofNewYear．Whenwemadeourchoices，shewoulddecidewhethertogivemoneyorclothing．Thenextday，IvisitedallthepeopleIknewwhowouldneedsomehelp，andGiuseppewasthelastpersonIvisited，whoworkedintheincinerator(垃圾焚化爐)roomofourapartmentbuilding．Thatwaswhereallofthegarbageendedup，andGiuseppewasresponsibleforburningitall．WhenIreachedthatroom，amanwearingdirtyclothessaid，“Nooneevercomeshere．Areyoulost？”“Iguessso，”Ismiledandcoveredmynose．Helaughed，“I'musedtothesmellhere．”Lookingaroundtheroom，Inoticedflames(火焰)dancinginsidetheincinerator，wheretherewaslotsofgarbage．Thesmellwassostrongthatitbroughttearstomyeyes．What'sworse，therewerenowindowsintheroom．IaskedGiuseppeifhiswifeandkidsaskedhimtoshowerthemomenthegothome．Helookeddownatthefloorandsaid，“Nofamily．”“I'msorry．Butyouworkdownherebyyourselfallday，andthengohomeatnightandarebyyourselfthere？”Iasked．Giuseppenodded．“Don'tyougetlonely？”Icontinued．“Ido，”herepliedsadly，withhisshoulderslumped(耷拉著)．Ithoughtaboutthatandasked，“WouldyoumindifIcometovisityousometimewhenyou'rehereatwork？”Giuseppe'seyessparkledwithexcitementandsaid，“Youwoulddothat?Youwouldcomeheretovisitme?That'ssonice．”Afterthatday，IvisitedGiuseppeatleastonceaweek．Healwaysseemedhappytohavealittlecompany．AsNewYearwasapproaching，oneday，IaskedGiuseppeifhewasreadyforNewYear．Hetoldmehedidn'tprepareanything，because，tohim，NewYearwasjustanotherday．Feelinggreatpity，Iwenthome．注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Thatnightafterdinner，Mumaskedmysistersandmewhomweweregoingtohelp．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenextday，ItoldGiuseppetheideaandheagreedtojoinourNewYeardinner．_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________單元綜合檢測(cè)(四)123456789101112CDBCBADBBDCC131415161718192021222324DBCDGCBFCDBC2526272829303132333435BDADCABCDAC36．literally37．a(chǎn)38．desired39．toachieve40．patience41．wasinvented42．valuable43．holding44．into45．whom第三部分第一節(jié)[參考范文]DearSir/Madam，Iamwritingtoreportthelossofmybackpack．IboardedflightUA889atBeijingCapitalInternationalAirportandarrivedatLosAngelesInternationalAirportonMarch5thatapproximately7：00p．m．localtime．AnditwaswhenIhadjustgotofftheplanethatIfoundmybackpackwasmissing．MybackpackisablackJanSportwhichhasafrontpocketwithazipperandtwosidepocketsforwaterbottles．Inside，therearemypersonalbelongings，includingmypassport，wallet，andiPad．Ifit'sfound，pleasecontactmeatyourearliestconvenience．Icanbereachedviaemailatlihua@gmail．com．Thankyouverymuch．Yourssincerely，LiHua第二節(jié)[參考范文]Thatnightafterdinner，Mumaskedmysistersandmewhomweweregoingtohelp．Whenmysisterstoldthepersonstheychose，Mumdecidedtogivefoodandclothingrespectively．Thenitwasmyturn．ItoldMumitwasadifficultdecision，butIreallywantedtohelpGiuseppe—heneededafamily．Pacingbackandforth，Mumfinallysaid，“Iknowwhatwecando．WecanbeGiuseppe'sfamilyforaday．We'llinvitehimtoourNewYeardinner，andifheiswilling，wecanbehisholidayfamilyeveryyear．”Thenextday，ItoldGiuseppetheideaandheagreedtojoinourNewYeardinner．OnthatNewYear'sDay，whenMumopenedthedoor，shewasamazedtoseeGiuseppewasneatandhandsome．Hethankedherandmydadprofuselyforinvitinghimtodinner．Whilesharingthetraditionalfood，wecheerfullychattedandlaughedtogether．Overthoseyears，wehadhelpedmanyfascinatingpeople，butGiuseppewastheonlyonethatoftenenjoyedNewYeardinnerwithus．Heregardedusashisfamilymembersandwewerehappytobringwarmthandlightintohislonelylife．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一個(gè)能夠根據(jù)文章難易度進(jìn)行分級(jí)的學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站。1．C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)Articles部分中的“...testedasthemostpopular...Sport—Australianandinternationalsportsevents”可推知，國(guó)際體育賽事會(huì)比較受歡迎。]2．D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ReadingLevelsofArticles部分中的“directstudentstoappropriatecontentdependingontheirunderstandinglevels”可知，“綠橙紅”是用來(lái)區(qū)分不同難度等級(jí)的閱讀文本，學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的閱讀水平自由選擇。]3．B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)Activities部分中的“...forteachersandarelinkeddirectlytotheAustraliancurriculum”可推知，這些都是由教師設(shè)計(jì)以輔助教學(xué)的。]【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者分享了自己在陌生城市旅行時(shí)接受別人幫助的經(jīng)歷。4．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“toexplorethecountrysideofneighboringcities...Iwasonlyplanningadaytrip...”可知，作者最初計(jì)劃去附近郊區(qū)看一天風(fēng)景。]5．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Imademywaytothebusstationtocatchthe6：15busbacktoPrague”以及“thelastbus...departedat5：15”可知，作者錯(cuò)過(guò)了最后一班返程車。]6．A[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中的“shewouldaccept...asthefullpayment...sheofferedmeanicemealforfree”可知，酒店經(jīng)理熱心地收留了作者，并為作者提供免費(fèi)晚餐，所以作者認(rèn)為酒店經(jīng)理為人慷慨且體貼周到。]7．D[推理判斷題。結(jié)合作者在陌生的城市受到幫助的故事情節(jié)以及末段中“kindnessisaninternationalcharacteristic，andhasnoboundaries”可推知，作者想要告訴我們：善良超越文化界限。]【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。螞蟻利用太陽(yáng)位置和對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的視覺(jué)記憶辨認(rèn)回家路線，研究人員或可據(jù)此開(kāi)發(fā)出模仿螞蟻大腦運(yùn)行模式的機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)。8．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Scientistshaverevealed...walkbackwards...usethesun'spositionandvisualmemories...”以及第二段中的“...requiredantstobefacingintheirdirectionoftravel．”可知，先前和最近對(duì)于螞蟻導(dǎo)航技能發(fā)現(xiàn)的不同之處在于其回家時(shí)所面對(duì)的方向。]9．B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...walkforwardwhencarryingsmallpiecesoffood，theyoftenwalkbackwardstopulllargeritems”可知，在塞維利亞開(kāi)展的對(duì)于螞蟻的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：螞蟻拖運(yùn)小塊食物時(shí)會(huì)正著走，拖運(yùn)大塊食物時(shí)會(huì)倒著走。由此推知，螞蟻行走時(shí)面對(duì)的方向取決于其拖運(yùn)食物的大小。]10．D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“...tocomparewhattheyseewiththeirvisualmemoriesoftheroute，andcorrecttheirdirectionoftravel...”可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，當(dāng)用鏡子干擾螞蟻對(duì)太陽(yáng)位置的判斷時(shí)，螞蟻會(huì)將拖運(yùn)的東西放下，然后檢查和對(duì)比看到的和記憶中的路線，并相應(yīng)地糾正路線。]11．C[主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，螞蟻會(huì)利用太陽(yáng)位置和對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的視覺(jué)記憶來(lái)引導(dǎo)它們回家，由此可知答案。]【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)了一款新型的隔熱保溫纖維材料。這種材料可以自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)覆蓋空間的溫度，提高人們的舒適度。12．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“...itrequiresnopowersourcetodothis...cutthenumberswhilealsokeepingusmorecomfortableduringheatwaves．”可知，這款由新型纖維制成的斗篷可以節(jié)省能源，給人們帶來(lái)舒適感。]13．D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...thewhitesilicafibersintheouterlayercouldreflectultraviolet(UV)light...theouterlayertookin...sentoutthatenergyasinfraredlight．”可推知，斗篷外層的硅石纖維可以反射光線并吸收轉(zhuǎn)化能量，把熱量散出去。]14．B[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)尾段中的“TheShanghaiteamtestedthecloak'sdurabilityinseveralextremeenvironments．”可知，研究人員在極端環(huán)境下測(cè)試了這款斗篷的耐用性，這意味著它可能在太空極端環(huán)境下也適用。由此可推斷pragmatic意為“實(shí)用的”。]15．C[標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一種用新型纖維制作而成的保溫斗篷，這款斗篷提升了人們的舒適度并凸顯了環(huán)保和可持續(xù)性的理念。]【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者年少時(shí)經(jīng)歷過(guò)火山噴發(fā)，這段特殊而震撼的經(jīng)歷讓他勵(lì)志成為一名火山學(xué)家。16．D[此空位于段中，與下文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。上文說(shuō)這座火山離島30千米，但是它產(chǎn)生的火山灰卻像雨點(diǎn)一樣落在人們身上。]17．G[此空位于段尾，與上文存在并列關(guān)系。作者所在的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)不僅追蹤研究了小安的列斯群島上的17座火山，還向大眾普及火山爆發(fā)的危險(xiǎn)及應(yīng)對(duì)措施。]18．C[此空位于段中，與上文存在因果關(guān)系。上文提到有多種原因人們無(wú)法聚集，作者一行只能用喇叭提醒人們提防火山噴發(fā)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。]19．B[此空位于段首，是一個(gè)過(guò)渡句。本句承上啟下，上文提到的不斷擴(kuò)大的熔巖穹丘最終釀成了2021年4月的火山噴發(fā)，下文介紹了這場(chǎng)火山噴發(fā)造成的一些后果。]20．F[此空位于段中，與上文存在解釋說(shuō)明關(guān)系。上文提到火山噴發(fā)后，作者每隔兩三個(gè)月就會(huì)去監(jiān)測(cè)安置的雨水計(jì)量器，本句解釋作者的目的是了解形成火山灰泥流的降水量。]【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者夫婦年輕時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況不好，得到了朋友的慷慨幫助。后來(lái)，他們也傳承了慷慨待人的優(yōu)良品性，支持那些正在苦苦掙扎的年輕朋友。21．C[根據(jù)上文“In1967，myhusbandandIgraduatedfromcollegewithfinancialchallenges．”以及空后“becauseofourlowpaidjobsaswellascollegeloans”可知，作者夫婦由于低收入工作以及大學(xué)貸款，經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)，只能勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。makebothendsmeet“使收支相抵；勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)”符合語(yǔ)境。]22．D[根據(jù)上文“In1967，myhusbandandIgraduatedfromcollegewithfinancialchallenges．Westruggledtomakebothmeetbecauseofourlowpaidjobsaswellascollegeloans．”以及空前“Thebirthofoursonthatsummer”可知，作者夫妻二人本來(lái)就經(jīng)濟(jì)緊張，兒子的出生進(jìn)一步增加了經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力。故選D。]23．B[根據(jù)上文“Laterwegotinvolvedsociallywithacommunityofcouples．”以及下文“ourvaluesandhadinsightstoofferonparenting．Thisgroupofpeoplewenttomanyplacesandengagedinvariousactivities．”可知，作者夫婦參與一個(gè)夫妻團(tuán)體，其他夫婦會(huì)提供育兒方面的見(jiàn)解，這個(gè)團(tuán)體經(jīng)常舉行各種