2025年全國英語等級考試（PETS）四級試卷：智能電網(wǎng)英語閱讀題集考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇（本部分共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）要求：仔細閱讀每小題的選項，選擇最佳答案，將所選項前的字母填在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。1.Thesmartgridisarevolutionaryconceptthat______thetraditionalelectricitydistributionsystemwithadvanceddigitaltechnology.A)replacesB)enhancesC)damagesD)ignores2.Smartgridsrelyheavilyon______tomonitorandcontrolenergyflowinrealtime.A)manuallaborB)renewableresourcesC)artificialintelligenceD)fossilfuels3.Oneofthekeybenefitsofsmartgridsistheabilityto______peakenergydemandefficiently.A)ignoreB)reduceC)wasteD)increase4.Insmartgridsystems,______playacrucialroleinensuringreliableenergydelivery.A)humanoperatorsB)windturbinesC)solarpanelsD)automatedsensors5.Theintegrationof______intosmartgridshassignificantlyimprovedenergymanagement.A)traditionalmetersB)smartmetersC)oldtransformersD)manualswitches6.Smartgridscan______energyconsumptionbyprovidingreal-timedatatoconsumers.A)hideB)misleadC)optimizeD)ignore7.Theuseof______insmartgridshelpstoreduceenergylossesduringtransmission.A)outdatedtechnologyB)advancedalgorithmsC)humaninterventionD)simplecalculations8.Smartgridsaredesignedto______theimpactofpoweroutagesbyquicklyreroutingenergy.A)worsenB)minimizeC)causeD)ignore9.Theterm______referstotheabilityofsmartgridstobalanceenergysupplyanddemanddynamically.A)instabilityB)flexibilityC)inefficiencyD)rigidity10.Smartgridscan______renewableenergysourcesmoreeffectivelythantraditionalgrids.A)limitB)integrateC)rejectD)deplete11.The______ofsmartgridshasledtosignificantadvancementsinenergyefficiency.A)adoptionB)rejectionC)neglectD)abandonment12.Smartgridsuse______tocommunicatedatabetweendifferentcomponentsofthesystem.A)analogsignalsB)digitalsignalsC)humanmessengersD)physicalcables13.The______ofsmartgridshelpstoreducecarbonemissionsbyoptimizingenergyuse.A)implementationB)neglectC)rejectionD)abandonment14.Smartgridscan______energypricesbyadjustingsupplybasedondemand.A)stabilizeB)increaseC)decreaseD)ignore15.The______ofsmartgridshastransformedthewaywethinkaboutenergydistribution.A)inventionB)discoveryC)rejectionD)neglect16.Smartgridscan______theintegrationofdecentralizedenergysourceslikesolarpanels.A)hinderB)supportC)ignoreD)oppose17.The______ofsmartgridshasledtobetterenergymanagementforbothprovidersandconsumers.A)implementationB)rejectionC)neglectD)abandonment18.Smartgridsuse______toensurethatenergyisdeliveredefficientlyandreliably.A)manualcontrolsB)automatedsystemsC)humanoversightD)outdatedtechnology19.The______ofsmartgridshashelpedtoreduceenergywasteinhomesandbusinesses.A)adoptionB)rejectionC)neglectD)abandonment20.Smartgridscan______theimpactofnaturaldisastersonenergysupplybyquicklyrestoringpower.A)worsenB)minimizeC)ignoreD)cause二、閱讀理解（本部分共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）要求：閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Lastyear,ourcityimplementedanewsmartgridsystem,andtheresultshavebeenremarkable.Thesmartmetersinstalledineveryhouseholdhaveprovidedreal-timedataonenergyconsumption,allowingresidentstomakemoreinformeddecisions.Forinstance,John,aneighborofmine,noticedthathisenergyusagespikesduringtheeveningwhenhewatchesTV.Byadjustinghishabits,hemanagedtoreducehismonthlybillby20%.Thesmartgridsystemhasalsoimprovedenergyefficiencybyoptimizingthedistributionofpower.Accordingtothecity'senergydepartment,thenewsystemhasreducedenergylossesduringtransmissionby15%.Thisimprovementhasnotonlysavedmoneybutalsohelpedtheenvironmentbycuttingcarbonemissions.Anotherbenefitofthesmartgridisitsabilitytointegraterenewableenergysourceslikesolarpanelsmoreeffectively.Mary,whoinstalledsolarpanelsonherroof,nowsendsexcessenergybacktothegrid,earninghercreditsonherbills.Thishasmaderenewableenergymoreaccessibleandaffordableformanyresidents.However,thesmartgridsystemhasnotbeenwithoutitschallenges.Someelderlyresidentsfounditdifficulttounderstandthenewmetersandhowtointerpretthedata.Toaddressthis,thecityhasorganizedworkshopstohelpthemnavigatethesystem.Theseeffortshavebeensuccessful,withmostresidentsnowfeelingconfidentinmanagingtheirenergyusage.Overall,thesmartgridsystemhastransformedthewaywethinkaboutenergyinourcity.Ithasnotonlyimprovedefficiencyandreducedcostsbutalsofosteredagreatersenseofcommunityasresidentsworktogethertomanageenergyresourcessustainably.21.Whathasbeenthemostsignificantbenefitofthesmartgridsystemforresidents?A)ReducedenergybillsB)IncreasedenergyconsumptionC)ImprovedenergyqualityD)Enhancedgovernmentcontrol22.Howhasthesmartgridsystemhelpedtheenvironment?A)ByincreasingtheuseoffossilfuelsB)ByreducingenergylossesduringtransmissionC)ByencouragingenergywasteD)Bylimitingrenewableenergysources23.Whathasbeenthemainchallengeforelderlyresidentsinadaptingtothesmartgridsystem?A)ThehighcostofsmartmetersB)ThecomplexityofinterpretingdataC)ThelackofgovernmentsupportD)Theunreliablenatureofthesystem24.Howhasthecityaddressedthechallengesfacedbyelderlyresidents?A)ByignoringtheirconcernsB)ByprovidingfinancialassistanceC)ByorganizingworkshopsD)Byreplacingsmartmeterswithtraditionalones25.Whathasbeentheoverallimpactofthesmartgridsystemonthecommunity?A)IthascauseddivisionandconflictB)IthasfosteredasenseofcommunityC)IthasledtoincreasedenergywasteD)Ithasreducedenergyefficiency三、完形填空（本部分共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）要求：閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入一個最合適的詞。Thesmartgridisagame-changerintheworldofenergydistribution,bringingtogethercutting-edgetechnologyandsustainablepractices.Itrevolutionizeshowweproduce,distribute,andconsumeelectricity,makingtheentireprocessmoreefficientandenvironmentallyfriendly.Attheheartofthistransformationaresmartmeters,whichcontinuouslymonitorenergyusageinrealtime.Thesedevicesprovidevaluabledatatobothconsumersandenergyproviders,enablingbetterdecision-makingandresourcemanagement.Oneofthemostsignificantadvantagesofsmartgridsistheirabilitytointegraterenewableenergysourcesseamlessly.Solarpanels,windturbines,andothersustainableenergysystemscannowbeeasilyconnectedtothegrid,ensuringamorediverseandreliableenergysupply.Thisintegrationnotonlyreducesrelianceonfossilfuelsbutalsolowerscarbonemissions,contributingtoacleanerplanet.Smartgridsalsoplayacrucialroleinmaintaininggridstability.Byusingadvancedalgorithmsandautomatedsystems,theycandetectandrespondtoissuesalmostinstantaneously.Thismeanspoweroutagesarelessfrequentandshorterinduration,ensuringamorereliableenergysupplyforhomesandbusinesses.Forexample,ifafaultisdetectedinonepartofthegrid,thesystemcanrerouteenergytominimizedisruption,keepingthelightsonforeveryone.Anotherkeybenefitistheabilitytooptimizeenergyconsumption.Smartgridsprovideconsumerswithdetailedinsightsintotheirenergyusagepatterns,allowingthemtomakemoreinformedchoices.Manypeoplehavediscoveredthatsmallchanges,likeadjustingtheirenergyusageduringpeakhoursorinvestinginenergy-efficientappliances,canleadtosignificantsavings.Thisleveloftransparencyandcontrolempowersconsumerstobemoreresponsiblestewardsofenergy.However,thetransitiontosmartgridsisnotwithoutitschallenges.Initialcostscanbehigh,andnoteveryoneisreadytoembracenewtechnology.Someelderlyresidents,forinstance,mayfinditdifficulttoadapttothenewmetersandsystems.Toaddressthis,governmentsandenergycompaniesareworkingtoprovideeducationandsupport,ensuringthateveryonecanbenefitfromsmartgridtechnology.Despitethesehurdles,thefutureofsmartgridslooksbright.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,wecanexpectevenmoreinnovativesolutionstoemerge.FromAI-drivenenergymanagementtoblockchain-basedtransactions,thepossibilitiesareendless.Smartgridsarenotjustastepforwardinenergyefficiency;theyarealeaptowardsamoresustainableandequitableenergyfuture.26.Smartgridsaredescribedasa______intheenergydistributionsector.A)problemB)game-changerC)challengeD)failure27.Smartmetersprovide______onenergyusage.A)vagueestimatesB)real-timedataC)historicalrecordsonlyD)theoreticalcalculations28.Theintegrationofrenewableenergysourcesintosmartgridshelpsto______.A)increasecarbonemissionsB)reducerelianceonfossilfuelsC)raiseenergycostsD)decreaseefficiency29.Smartgridsmaintaingridstabilityby______.A)ignoringfaultsB)usingadvancedalgorithmsC)increasingoutagesD)relyingonhumanoperators30.Consumersbenefitfromsmartgridsby______.A)havingnocontrolovertheirusageB)receivingdetailedinsightsintotheirenergypatternsC)facinghigherenergybillsD)usingoutdatedtechnology31.Themainchallengeintransitioningtosmartgridsis______.A)thelackofinnovationB)highinitialcostsC)perfectgridstabilityD)universalacceptance32.Tohelpelderlyresidentsadapt,______arebeingprovided.A)financialincentivesB)educationandsupportC)mandatoryinstallationsD)voluntaryparticipation33.Thefutureofsmartgridsincludesadvancementsin______.A)traditionalenergysystemsB)AI-drivenenergymanagementC)manualmeterreadingD)fossilfuelusage34.Smartgridscontributetoamoresustainablefutureby______.A)increasingenergywasteB)reducingcarbonemissionsC)promotingfossilfuelsD)limitingrenewableenergy35.Theoverallimpactofsmartgridsisdescribedas______.A)disruptiveandnegativeB)sustainableandpositiveC)costlyandineffectiveD)outdatedandirrelevant四、書面表達（本部分共1小題，共15分）要求：根據(jù)提示信息，寫一篇150-200字的短文，介紹智能電網(wǎng)如何改變我們的生活方式。提示信息：1.智能電網(wǎng)是什么？2.智能電網(wǎng)如何提高能源效率？3.智能電網(wǎng)如何幫助環(huán)境保護？4.智能電網(wǎng)給人們的生活帶來了哪些便利？5.你對智能電網(wǎng)的未來發(fā)展有何看法？Thesmartgridisarevolutionarysystemthathastransformedthewayweuseandmanageenergy.Byintegratingadvancedtechnology,itenablesreal-timemonitoringandcontrolofenergyconsumption,leadingtosignificantimprovementsinefficiency.Forinstance,smartmetersprovidedetailedinsightsintoenergyusage,allowingpeopletomakeinformeddecisionsandreducewaste.Thisnotonlylowersenergybillsbutalsocontributestoenvironmentalsustainabilitybycuttingcarbonemissions.Oneofthemostnotablebenefitsofsmartgridsistheconveniencetheybringtodailylife.Withautomatedsystems,energycanbemanagedeffortlessly,ensuringareliablesupplyevenduringpeakdemand.Additionally,smartgridsfacilitatetheintegrationofrenewableenergysources,makingsustainablelivingmoreaccessible.Astechnologycontinuestoevolve,smartgridswilllikelybecomeevenmoresophisticated,offeringevengreaterbenefits.Personally,Ibelievethefutureofenergyliesinsmartgrids,astheyrepresentaharmoniousblendofinnovation,efficiency,andsustainability.Thistransformationisnotjustaboutsavingenergy;it'saboutcreatingabetter,moresustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.本次試卷答案如下一、單項選擇1.B解析：智能電網(wǎng)的核心在于通過先進數(shù)字技術(shù)“增強”傳統(tǒng)電力配送系統(tǒng)，而不是徹底“取代”或“損壞”，更不會“忽視”。選項B“enhances”（增強）最符合語境。2.C解析：智能電網(wǎng)依賴“人工智能”進行實時監(jiān)控與控制，這是其技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。其他選項如“人工勞動”在自動化系統(tǒng)中作用有限，“可再生能源”和“化石燃料”是能源類型而非控制技術(shù)。3.B解析：智能電網(wǎng)通過技術(shù)手段“減少”峰值能源需求，這是其優(yōu)化能源配置的核心功能。其他選項如“忽視”需求或“增加”峰值都與系統(tǒng)目標(biāo)相反。4.D解析：智能電網(wǎng)依賴“自動化傳感器”實現(xiàn)無人值守的精準(zhǔn)控制，這是其區(qū)別于傳統(tǒng)電網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵特征。其他選項如“人工操作員”效率低，“風(fēng)力渦輪機”和“太陽能板”是能源來源而非控制設(shè)備。5.B解析：“智能電表”是智能電網(wǎng)的標(biāo)志性設(shè)備，用于數(shù)據(jù)采集與雙向通信。傳統(tǒng)設(shè)備或“舊變壓器”無法實現(xiàn)智能管理，“手動開關(guān)”屬于過時技術(shù)。6.C解析：智能電網(wǎng)通過“優(yōu)化”而非“隱藏”“誤導(dǎo)”或“忽視”能源消耗，幫助用戶合理使用能源。選項C“optimizes”（優(yōu)化）準(zhǔn)確表達了這一功能。7.B解析：智能電網(wǎng)通過“高級算法”而非“過時技術(shù)”“人工干預(yù)”或“簡單計算”來減少傳輸損耗，這是其技術(shù)優(yōu)勢。8.B解析：智能電網(wǎng)通過快速重定向能量來“最小化”而非“加劇”“造成”或“忽視”停電影響，體現(xiàn)其韌性。9.B解析：“靈活性”是智能電網(wǎng)動態(tài)平衡供需的能力，如選項B所示。其他選項如“不穩(wěn)定性”“低效率”或“僵化性”均與系統(tǒng)設(shè)計目標(biāo)相反。10.B解析：智能電網(wǎng)通過“集成”而非“限制”“拒絕”或“耗盡”可再生能源，實現(xiàn)多元化能源供應(yīng)。11.A解析：“普及應(yīng)用”智能電網(wǎng)是推動能源效率提升的關(guān)鍵，選項A“adoption”（采用）符合事實。12.B解析：智能電網(wǎng)使用“數(shù)字信號”而非“模擬信號”“人力傳遞”或“物理線纜”進行數(shù)據(jù)通信，這是其技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。13.A解析：“實施智能電網(wǎng)”有助于減少碳排放，選項A“implementation”（實施）準(zhǔn)確表達了這一過程。14.A解析：智能電網(wǎng)通過動態(tài)調(diào)整供應(yīng)來“穩(wěn)定”而非“加劇”“降低”或“忽視”能源價格，體現(xiàn)其市場調(diào)節(jié)能力。15.A解析：“創(chuàng)新智能電網(wǎng)”改變了傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)知，選項A“invention”（創(chuàng)新）符合語境。其他選項如“發(fā)現(xiàn)”“拒絕”或“忽視”均不準(zhǔn)確。16.B解析：智能電網(wǎng)通過技術(shù)支持“促進”而非“阻礙”“忽視”或“反對”分布式能源接入，體現(xiàn)其開放性。17.A解析：“實施智能電網(wǎng)”改善了供需雙方的管理，選項A“implementation”（實施）準(zhǔn)確表達了這一效果。18.B解析：智能電網(wǎng)依賴“自動化系統(tǒng)”而非“人工控制”“人力監(jiān)督”或“過時技術(shù)”確?？煽啃?，這是其核心特征。19.A解析：“采用智能電網(wǎng)”減少了浪費，選項A“adoption”（采用）符合事實。其他選項如“拒絕”“忽視”或“放棄”均與趨勢相反。20.B解析：智能電網(wǎng)通過快速恢復(fù)供電“減輕”而非“加劇”“忽視”或“造成”自然災(zāi)害影響，體現(xiàn)其韌性。二、閱讀理解21.A解析：短文明確提到John通過調(diào)整習(xí)慣“減少月賬單20%”，這是居民最直接的利益。其他選項如“增加消耗”與事實相反，“改進質(zhì)量”未提及，“政府控制”是誤讀。22.B解析：文中提到“減少傳輸損失15%”“降低碳排放”，選項B“減少傳輸過程中的能量損失”準(zhǔn)確概括了環(huán)境影響。23.B解析：短文指出“老年人難以理解新電表數(shù)據(jù)”，選項B“解讀數(shù)據(jù)的復(fù)雜性”直接對應(yīng)這一挑戰(zhàn)。其他選項如“高昂成本”“缺乏支持”或“系統(tǒng)不可靠”均未提及。24.C解析：文中明確提到“市政府組織研討會幫助老年人”，選項C“組織研討會”是直接措施。其他選項如“忽略”“提供經(jīng)濟援助”“更換電表”均與文意不符。25.B解析：短文結(jié)尾強調(diào)“增強了社區(qū)意識”，選項B“培養(yǎng)了社區(qū)凝聚力”準(zhǔn)確概括了整體影響。其他選項如“引發(fā)分裂”“導(dǎo)致浪費”“降低效率”均與文意相反。三、完形填空26.B解析：首句用“game-changer”（變革者）比喻智能電網(wǎng)，選項B“game-changer”最符合語境。27.B解析：文中提到“實時監(jiān)控能源使用”，選項B“real-timedata”（實時數(shù)據(jù)）準(zhǔn)確對應(yīng)。其他選項如“模糊估計”“僅歷史記錄”“理論計算”均不準(zhǔn)確。28.B解析：文中提到“減少對化石燃料的依賴”，選項B“減少對化石燃料的依賴”符合語境。其他選項如“增加碳排放”“提高能源成本”“降低效率”均與文意相反。29.B解析：文中提到“使用高級算法維持電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定性”，選項B“使用高級算法”準(zhǔn)確對應(yīng)。其他選項如“忽視故障”“增加停電”“依賴人工操作”均與文意不符。30.B解析：文中提到“智能電表提供能源使用洞察”，選項B“獲得對能源使用模式的詳細洞察”符合語境。其他選項如“無法控制”“面臨更高賬單”“使用過時技術(shù)”均與文意相反。31.B解析：文中提到“初始成本高是主要挑戰(zhàn)”，選項B“高昂的初始成本”準(zhǔn)確對應(yīng)。其他選項如“缺乏創(chuàng)新”“完美穩(wěn)定性”“普遍接受”均與文意不符。32.B解析：文中提到“市政府組織研討會提供幫助”，選項B“提供教育和支持”準(zhǔn)確對應(yīng)。其他選項如“經(jīng)濟激勵”“強制安裝”“自愿參與”均與文意不符。33.B解析：短文提到“人工智能驅(qū)動的能源管理”是未來方向，選項B“人工智能驅(qū)動的能源管理”符合語境。其他選項如“傳統(tǒng)能源系統(tǒng)”“人工抄表”“化石燃料使用”均與文意相反。34.B解析：文中提到“減少碳排放有助于環(huán)保”，選項B“減少碳排放”準(zhǔn)確對應(yīng)。其他選項如“增加能源浪費”“推廣化石燃料”“限制可再生能源”均與文意不符。35.B解析：短文整體評價智能電網(wǎng)為“積極變革”，選項B“可持續(xù)且積極的影響”符合語境。其他選項如“破壞性且負面”“昂貴且無效”“過時且無關(guān)”均與文意相反。四