（新高考）2022屆高考考前沖刺卷英語（八）注意事項：1．答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3．非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AThere'sgoodnewsandbadnewsforflowerfansthisspringinWashingtonstate.Goodnews-TheTulip(郁金香)FestivalinSkagitCountyplanstoreturnfor2021withnewrules,andwithreservedticketsavailableforTulipTown.AttendancewillbelimitedatTulipTownthisyear,butitisplanningtoopenearlierandstayopenlater.Asinanypublicplacestatewide,facecoveringsarerequired.AsofMarch7,thetulipswerenotyetblossominginSkagitCounty.WhentheystarttoblossomeachyeardependsontheweatherinMarch,butmid-Aprilishistoricallythepeakfortulipblossominthegardensandfields.Badnews:TheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattleisaskingpeopletoviewthecherryblossomsfromhomeagainthisyearinordertoreducecrowdingandlimitthespreadofCOVID-19,UWVideohasalivewebcamoverlookingthecampus,andthere’savirtualtourwithphotosfromcampusthatwillbeupdatedthroughouttheblossomseason.TherearedozensofdifferentvarietiesofblossomingcherryandplumtreesintheSeattlearea,withblossomsvisiblefromearlyFebruaryuntilMayforsome.1.WhatisthebesttimetoenjoyTulip?A.March. B.February. C.April. D.May.2.Whichplaceisrecommendedtoadmirecherryblossoms?A.SkagitCounty. B.TulipTown. C.Theweb. D.UWcampus.3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toinform. B.Toexplain. C.Topersuade. D.Toeducate.BLikemanyKenyanswhotrytheirhandsatsomethingearningthemsomeextraincome,RobinaBosiboriandherhusbandhadtriedraisingchickensintheircourtyard.Whentheystartedkeepingthechickenstwoyearsago,theyhadhopedtheywouldmultiply,allowingthemtoselleggsandchickenstotheirneighbors.However,withthecouplebeingworkingparents,thechickensdidnotgettheattentiontheydeservedandatthebeginningofthisyear,theyonlyhad10chickens.Luckily,theirfortunesbegantochangeafterthenovelcoronaviruspandemic(新冠疫情)struckandschoolswereclosed.Notwantingthechildrentospendthewholedaywatchingtelevision,BosiboristartedallocatingthemdutiesaroundthehouseandnoticedthatherdaughterAshleighhaddevelopedgreatinterestinthechickens.Sincethechickenswerenotdoingsowellatthetime,Ashleighwouldgetemotionalifanychickendied.Shedecidedtodedicatehertimetoimprovingtheconditionstheywerelivingin.Shegavethemwaterandfoodregularly.Shealsoaskedherparentstohavethesickchickenstreated.Bythetimeshestartedpayingattentiontothechickens,therewereonlyeightofthem.Butcurrently,thefamilyhavealmost100chicksandchickens.AccordingtoAshleigh,shefacedchallengesatthebeginningbecausethechickenskeptfallingillanddying.Inaddition,thehenhousewasoldanduncomfortableforthechickensandeggstogether.Shemadeherparentsrealizethattheoldhousewouldwastealotofchickenfeed.Therefore,theydecidedtoinvestinanewandbiggerhenhouseinthehopeofofferingbetterconditionsforthechickens.Byspendingtimewiththechickens,Ashleighdevelopedabondwiththem.Shebelievedthatshehadlearnedalotbytakingcareofthechickensandtheinterestwouldcarryonevenafterschoolswerereopened.4.Whydidthechickenskeepdyingatthebeginning?A.Theywerenotproperlyattended. B.Thepandemicstrucksuddenly.C.Anewhenhousewasconstructed. D.Ashleighwasinterestedinchickens.5.WhatdidAshleighdoafterschoolswereclosed?A.ShespentthewholedaywatchingTV. B.Sheallocateddutiesaroundthehouse.C.Shetookcareofthechickenscarefully. D.Shedevelopedabondwithherbrothers.6.Whatwastheproblemwiththeoldhenhouse?A.Itstoppedthesickchickensfrombeingtreated.B.Itseparatedhensfromtheireggsandchickens.C.Itprovidedbetterconditionsforthechickens.D.Itwastedchickenfeedandwasuncomfortable.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthisstory?A.Eastorwest,homeisthebest. B.Hardworkpaysoffintheend.C.Wherethere’slife,there’shope. D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.CAt9amonaWednesday,GabyRountreewavesgoodbyetoMilaassheispickeduptogotodaycareinMexicoCity.“Ithasmadehersoindependent,sofriendlyandsolovelywithothers,”MsRountreesaysjoyfully.Sheshutsthefrontdoorandturnstohomeschoolinghertwochildren.ForMilaisnotachild,butthefamilydog.SchoolsandnurserieshavebeenshutinMexicoforayearowingtothepandemic.Butdoggydaycareisbooming.Doggycarersofferclaw-trimsandletbelovedpetsplayoutdoors.“Manyclientsnowhaveahomeofficeorareworriedabouttheirdogsbecomingtooattachedtothem,”explainsMontserrat,anownerofadogday-carecentre,asshestrokesatinydogonherlap.Thefacility,intherichneighbourhood,alsohasacampwheredogscanspendarelaxingweekendinthecountryside.Mexico'srisingpassionfordogshascoincided(同時發(fā)生)withfallinghumanfertility.Inthemid-1980s,aMexicanwomancouldexpecttohavefourchildren;now,onlytwo.Inthelongrun,aspeoplehavegrownricherandthereturnstoeducationhaverisen,familieshaveshrunk.Forsome,adogisalovablesubstitute.Themostdevotedownersbuyclothesandthrowbirthdaypartiesfortheirdogs.Manyrestaurantswelcomedogsandprovidedrinkingwater.Somerestaurantsevenofferafulldoggymenu.Parkshave“doggyareas”.Petbeautysalonsprovidenotonlybathsandtrimsbutmassagesandacupuncture,too.Mexico’sspoiltpetsareprobablyenjoyingthepandemicmorethanitslocked—downkids.Byoneestimate,nearlytwo-thirdsofthechildrenhavemissedayearofschoolbecauseofcoronavirus.FormotherssuchasMsRountreedoggydaycareofferssomerelieffromcovid-inducedhardboringwork.Butshewillnotstopworryinguntilherchildren,too,areletoffthechainandbackintotheclassroom.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A.MilaishighlythoughtofbyMsRountree.B.MsRountreeisawell-receivedonlineteacher.C.Milaenjoysherdaywithotherchildrenatcarecenter.D.MsRountree’schildrenarewelltakencareofatcarecenter.9.Whatmaybethereasonforthedoggydaycare’spopularityinMexico?A.Dogsliketoplayinthecenter.B.Dogsareinfectedwithpandemic.C.Schoolandnurseriesarecloseddown.D.Manycitizenshavetoworkathome.10.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.HowMexicobecomesricher.B.WhyMexicanslovetoraisedogs.C.HowMexicanscarefortheirdogs.D.WhyMexicohasadecliningpopulation.11.What'sthepresentsituationofthekidsinMexico?A.Theyareabouttoreturntoschool.B.Theyaresecondtothedogsathome.C.Theyhavetoattendtheirdogsathome.D.Mostofthemareabsentfromschoolforayear.DAtthestartofnearlyeverydoctor’svisit,chancesarethatyouwillbeaskedtogetyourweightmeasured.Butmanyconversationsaroundweighthavebecomeanobstacle,notahelp,inthecampaigntomakepeoplehealthier.Doctors’recommendationstodroppoundsarestillextremelycommon,eventhoughusingbodysizeasaone-size-fits-allwaycanleadtoignoranceofthecomplexityofanindividual’sparticularphysiology.Manystudieshaveshownheavierpeopleareathigherriskforhighbloodpressure,diabetesandotherdiseases.Butthebigpictureisnotthewholepicture.Researchershaveidentifiedsomefatpeopleconsideredtobe“metabolicallyhealthy”.However,oneinterestingreportpublishedin2016foundthatunhealthythinpeopleweretwiceaslikelytogetdiabetesashealthyfatpeople.Clearly,althoughtheassociationbetweenbeingoverweightanddiseaseisveryreal,individualexperiencecanvarygreatlyanddependsonpersonalphysiologyandbehavior.Despitesuchfindings,amongthemoreterribleeffectsofweight-centralhealthcarearetheincreasedshameexperiencedbytheoverweight.Thewell-reportedexperienceofnumerousfatpeopleisthatdoctorsoftensetweightlosswithoutexaminingthem.Researchoverthepasttwodecadeshasshownthathealthprofessionalshavenegativeattitudestowardfatpeople.Notonlythatbutdoctors’appointmentswithfatpatientsareshorteronaverage,andsomerefusetoseethesepatientsatall,astheSouthFloridaSunSentinelreportedin2011.Suchprejudicedpracticeskeeppeoplefromregularannualexamsandpreventthedetectionofserioushiddenconditions.Topracticeevidence-basedmedicine,doctorsshouldstoprelyingonweightaloneasanindicatorofhealthandquicklysettingoutweightlosstotreathealthdiseases.Instead,doctorsshouldfocusonbehavioralchangestoimprovehealthoutcomes.Peopleofallsizesareentitledtoevidence-basedtreatmentsandkeepthemhealthy.12.Whatistheunderlinedphrase“aone-size-fits-allway”inParagraph1referto?A.Analternativeway. B.Atemporaryway.C.Auniquesolution. D.Aperfectsolution.13.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2?A.Eachheavyindividualisathigherriskfordiseases.B.Fatpeopleareconsideredtobemetabolicallyhealthy.C.Notallfatpeoplesufferhighbloodpressureordiabetes.D.Thinpeopleweretwiceaslikelytogetdiabetesasfatones.14.Howdoestheauthorconvinceusoftheeffectsofweight-centralhealthcare?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Byquotingopinions.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingcomparisons.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.WeightShame. B.WeightLoss,Healthgains.C.WeightEffects. D.OnlyWeightIsNotEnough.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WillCovid-19KilltheHandshake?Thehandshakemightdatebacktothe14thcentury,whenknightsandsoldierswouldextendtheirunclenched（松開的）righthandstowardeachotheringreetingtoshowthattheywerecarryingnoweapons.___16___Orrather,itstendencyforpickingupandholdingontogerms(細菌)frompollutedsurfaces,orfromourowneyesornoseswhenwehavecertainillnesses.Thosegermscanthenbetransferredintothehandsofthepeoplewegreet,whilewecanpickuptheirgerms.Wethenwillprobablytouchourowneyesornosesormouths,potentiallysickeningourselvesandrestartingthecycle.Nowthatanovelcoronavirusisspreadingfast,ourhandsarebeingcastinanew,doubtfullight.___17___Andlately,theInternethasbeenfullofsuggestionsforsociallyacceptablewaystogreeteachotherthatdon'tinvolvepassinggermsalongunintentionallyfromonepersontothenext.___18___Infact,thetraditionofshakinghandsisn’ttheonlygreetingtotakeafreshlook.AMaoritribeinNewZealandputthebrakesonhongi,thetraditionalnose-to-nosehello.___19___MaybepeoplewillstopmakingfunoftheHollywoodairkiss,thoughit’snotahugeimprovementhealth-wise.COVID-19isarealthreat,andweshouldn'ttakethewarninglightly.Wemay,indeed,needtokeepourhandstoourselvesforthetimebeing.Butwe’renotreadytosendhandshakeintothedustbinofhistory.Humanslongformakingaphysicalconnectionwithfriends.Fornow,perhaps,aregretfulsmileandnodmightworkasasharedacknowledgment.___20___A.Couldwehugeachotherornod?B.Couldthisbetheendofthehandshake?C.Asweallknow,shakinghandshasbecomeahabit.D.Afterall,ourfriendlyintentionswerenottoinfectorbeinfectedbyothers.E.Thesedays,itwouldseem,thepotentialweaponisn'taknife,butthehanditself.F.We’rebeingdrilledinhandwashingtechniquesasifwewereallsecond-graders.G.TheFrenchhavebeenadvisedtoabandonthefamiliarkissonthecheekgreeting.第二部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ForalittlegirlgrowingupinColombia,asciencecareerwithNASAmayseemimpossible.Trujillo,however,isanaerospace___21___wholeadsateamattheNASAlaboratory___22___fortheroboticarmofthelatestMarsrover(火星探測器).HowdidTrujillogofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniverseto___23___exploringit?That'sataleof___24___writteninthestars.Bornin1983,evenasayounggirlTrujillowas___25___ofherpassionforscience.Butshedoubtedhowfarshe'dbeableto___26___inamale-dominatedfield.ThenherdadofferedtosendhertoMiami.Only17atthetime,she___27___theoffer.Trujillotookaseriesofhousekeeping___28___toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege.Sometimesshewascleaningbathroomstohelppayherwaythroughher___29___.Butshedidn’t___30___“saweverythingcomingmywayasanopportunity.”Thencameanotherlife-changingmoment.ShebecamethefirstHispanic(西班牙語國家的)womantobe___31___totheNASAAcademy.Later,shebecameanengineeratNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.ThisFebruary,whenthePerseverancerover___32___onthesurfaceofMars,itwas___33___bycommentary(解說)fromTrujilloinNASA'sfirst-everSpanish-language___34___.Trujillo’sownstoryis___35___thatjustbeyondthebarrierliesanentireuniverseofopportunitieswaitingforanyonewillingtoworkhardenoughtoreachforthestars.21.A.astronaut B.pilot C.engineer D.guide22.A.eager B.responsible C.concerned D.grateful23.A.actually B.hardly C.precisely D.repeatedly24.A.innocence B.kindness C.perseverance D.sympathy25.A.certain B.tolerant C.afraid D.fond26.A.respond B.rise C.invest D.apply27.A.madeup B.turnedup C.pickedup D.tookup28.A.measures B.activities C.jobs D.courses29.A.studies B.purchases C.recreations D.trips30.A.skip B.panic C.reform D.complain31.A.applied B.admitted C.assigned D.introduced32.A.originated B.sank C.landed D.waited33.A.accompanied B.restricted C.enhanced D.teased34.A.theory B.broadcast C.criticism D.performance35.A.enterprise B.information C.competence D.proof第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）第二部分英語知識運用第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Beforediscoveringelectricity,peoplereliedonfireasasourceoflight.Itwasatroublesomebusiness___36___firescanleadtodisaster.Makingfiredependablewassodifficultthatlightsonmovingvehicleswere___37___(hard)everconsidered.Theearlytrains___38___(travel)onlyduringtheday.Thetracksweretoodangerousduringdarknights,andpassengersalsowantedtosee___39___theyweretravelinganyway.Inthelate1830s,railroadtrafficbecamesoheavythatfreighttrains(貨運火車)hadtoputoffpassengertrains.___40___(avoid)theseput-offs,railroadsstartedrunningfreighttrainsatnight.HoratioAllen’s1831___41___(invent),the“Trackilluminator(照明器),”wassuddenlyindemand.Itwasapileofspecialwood___42___(burn)inanirongratethatsatinaboxofsandonaplatformcar,whichwaspushedahead___43___thetrain.Theilluminatordidnotcastmuchlight,butitwarnedofanapproachingtrain.In1851,thefirst___44___(electricity)headlampwasdeveloped.Russiaranthefirsttrain___45___wasequippedwithabattery-poweredone.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）假定你是李華，為了激發(fā)學(xué)生的英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣，上周五你班舉行了英語詩歌創(chuàng)作大賽。請你為校英語報寫一篇報道，內(nèi)容包括：1.賽前準(zhǔn)備（了解詩歌形式等）；2.比賽情況（作品展示，比賽結(jié)果等）；3.活動效果。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AnEnglishPoetryWritingCompetition____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。HenryreturnedhomeontheeveningofFebruary3,2018,teary-eyedandexhausted.The33-year-oldprofessionalphotographerhadjustrunfromoneendofHawaii’sWaimeaBay(夏威夷威美亞灣)totheotherwhilewildlyscanningthewatertolookforhis“baby”,butinvain.Bythen,nighthadstartedtofall.Athome,Henrytookhissearchonline.“Iwassurfingtonightandlostmybaby,”hewroteonFacebook.That“baby”wasabluesurfboardthathadbeenmadeforhim.Hoursearlier,thecrashofabigwavehadseparatedHenryfromthisprizedpossession.“Icaughtthebiggestwavesofmylifeonthatboard,”Henrylatersaid.“That’swhyitmeanssomuchtome.”HehopeditwouldwashashoreandthatwhoeverspotteditwouldhavealsoseenhisFacebookpost.ButthecurrentsofWaimeaBaysweptitouttosea,awayfromtheHawaiianIslands.Weekspassedwithnosignofthesurfboard,sohesavedformonthsanddecidedtobuyanewone.ButHenrynevercompletelyforgotabouttheboard,which-sixmonthsafterandmorethan5,000milesawayfromwhereitdisappeared-floatedbytheremoteislandofSaranganiinthesouthernPhilippines(菲律賓).ThelocalfishermanfounditandsoldtheboardtoBran.Hewasateacherinapoorly-equippedelementaryschool,andhopedtolearntosurfandonedaysharetheskillwithhisstudents.HeboughtHenry’ssurfboardfor$40.Theonce-blueboardhadfadedtoapalestrawcolorduringitsjourney,butitsdistinctivemarkingswerestillthere.Underneaththemarkingswerethewords“Henry,Hawaii.”Realizinghowfarthesurfboardhadtraveled,Branwasastonished.HewassearchingforrelevantinformationontheInternetwhenHenry’spostcaughthisattention.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按照如下格式在答題卡的相位位置作答。BrancontactedHenryonlineandsenthimphotosoftheboard._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withtheschoolsuppliesandthenewsurfboard,HenrywenttoBran’sschool._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

（新高考）2022屆高考考前沖刺卷英語（八）答案第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）【答案】1-3CCA【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要告訴華盛頓州的花迷們有關(guān)賞花的好消息和壞消息。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhentheystarttoblossomeachyeardependsontheweatherinMarch,butmid-Aprilishistoricallythepeakfortulipblossominthegardensandfields.(每年郁金香何時開始開花取決于三月的天氣，但從歷史上看，四月中旬是花園和田野郁金香開花的高峰期)”可知，欣賞郁金香最好的時間是四月份。故選C。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“TheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattleisaskingpeopletoviewthecherryblossomsfromhomeagainthisyearinordertoreducecrowdingandlimitthespreadofCOVID-19,UWVideohasalivewebcamoverlookingthecampus,andthere'savirtualtourwithphotosfromcampusthatwillbeupdatedthroughouttheblossomseason.(西雅圖的華盛頓大學(xué)今年再次要求人們在家里觀賞櫻花，以減少擁擠和限制COVID-19的傳播，UW視頻有一個俯瞰校園的實時網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭，還有一個虛擬的參觀，里面有校園照片，整個花季都會更新)”可知，人們被要求在家里通過網(wǎng)上視頻和圖片來欣賞櫻花，也就是建議人們在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上賞櫻花。故選C。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“There’sgoodnewsandbadnewsforflowerfansthisspringinWashingtonstate.(對今年春天華盛頓州的花迷們來說，有好消息也有壞消息)”接著介紹了好消息和壞消息分別是什么，所以本文主要就是告訴，通知一些消息的。故選A?！敬鸢浮?-7ACDB【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一對肯尼亞家庭的夫妻由于工作忙碌疏于對雞群的照顧，使得小雞的數(shù)量大大減少。他們的女兒Ashleigh卻在學(xué)校停課后對小雞們產(chǎn)生了感情，并對它們悉心照顧，從而逐漸增加了小雞的數(shù)量，為家庭帶來了收益。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“thechickensdidnotgettheattentiontheydeservedandatthebeginningofthisyear,theyonlyhad10chickens.（這些雞沒有得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注，今年年初，他們只有10只雞。）”可知，因為在最初的時候沒有得到恰當(dāng)?shù)恼樟?，所以才?dǎo)致小雞們持續(xù)的死掉。故選A項。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Shedecidedtodedicatehertimetoimprovingtheconditionstheywerelivingin.Shegavethemwaterandfoodregularly.（她決定把時間花在改善他們的生活條件上。她定期給他們水和食物。）”可知，Ashleigh在學(xué)校關(guān)閉之后，把時間都用來照顧小雞們。故選C項。6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“thehenhousewasoldanduncomfortableforthechickens（雞舍又舊又不舒服）”和“Shemadeherparentsrealizethattheoldhousewouldwastealotofchickenfeed.（她使她的父母意識到那座老雞舍會浪費很多飼料。）”可知，老雞舍的存在的問題是不舒服和浪費飼料。故選D項。7.推理判斷題。A.Eastorwest,homeisthebest.金窩銀窩不如自己的草窩；B.Hardworkpaysoffintheend.努力工作終有回報；C.Wherethere’slife,there’shope.有生命必有希望；D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.教育是成功的關(guān)鍵。文章講述了主人公Ashleigh通過自己的努力，對小雞們悉心照顧，從而大大增加了小雞的數(shù)量，也從中學(xué)到了很多道理，并為家庭帶來了收益。她的經(jīng)歷告訴我們努力工作終將得到回報。故選B項。【答案】8-11ADBD【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在墨西哥，人們對寵物尤其是狗的寵愛和熱情如日劇增，狗狗日托中心蓬勃發(fā)展。8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中““Ithasmadehersoindependent,sofriendlyandsolovelywithothers,”MsRountreesaysjoyfully.(“這讓她變得如此獨立，如此友好，與他人相處如此可愛，”Rountree女士高興地說)”可知，這是Rountree女士對她的狗Mila的正面、積極的評價，所以可推知Rountree女士高度贊揚她的狗Mila，故選A。9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中““Manyclientsnowhaveahomeofficeorareworriedabouttheirdogsbecomingtooattachedtothem,”explainsMontserrat,anownerofadogday-carecentre,asshestrokesatinydogonherlap.(Montserrat是一家狗狗日托中心的老板，她一邊撫摸著膝蓋上的一只小狗，一邊解釋說：“現(xiàn)在很多客戶都有了家庭辦公室，或者擔(dān)心他們的狗對他們過于依賴”)”可知，很多人需要在家里工作，或者避免狗狗對自己過于依賴，所以會把狗送到狗狗日托中心，這樣就使得狗狗日托很受歡迎。由此推知，許多人不得不在家工作是墨西哥狗狗日托中心蓬勃發(fā)展的原因。故選D。10.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Mexico'srisingpassionfordogshascoincided(同時發(fā)生)withfallinghumanfertility.Inthemid-1980s,aMexicanwomancouldexpecttohavefourchildren;now,onlytwo.Inthelongrun,aspeoplehavegrownricherandthereturnstoeducationhaverisen,familieshaveshrunk.Forsome,adogisalovablesubstitute.(墨西哥對狗的熱情與日俱增，同時人類的生育力在下降。在20世紀(jì)80年代中期，一名墨西哥婦女可能會有四個孩子；現(xiàn)在，只有兩個。從長遠來看，隨著人們越來越富有，教育回報率上升，家庭規(guī)?？s小。對有些人來說，狗是可愛的替代品)”可知，本段主要介紹了為什么墨西哥人喜歡養(yǎng)狗，故選B。11.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Byoneestimate,nearlytwo-thirdsofthechildrenhavemissedayearofschoolbecauseofcoronavirus.(據(jù)估計，近三分之二的兒童因冠狀病毒而缺課一年)”可知，現(xiàn)在，大多數(shù)墨西哥兒童缺課一年了，故選D?！敬鸢浮?2-15DCCD【解析】這是一篇說明文。如今許多醫(yī)生將體重看作衡量一個人是否健康的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，盡管許多研究表明，體重較重的人患高血壓、糖尿病和其他疾病的風(fēng)險更高，但是有報告稱不健康的瘦人患糖尿病的可能性是健康的胖子的兩倍。文章說明了以體重為中心的醫(yī)療保健中心對人們的不良影響，指出醫(yī)生應(yīng)該停止僅僅依靠體重作為健康指標(biāo)，并迅速將減肥作為治療健康疾病的手段。12.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Atthestartofnearlyeverydoctor’svisit,chancesarethatyouwillbeaskedtogetyourweightmeasured.(在幾乎每一個醫(yī)生就診的開始，都有可能要求你測量體重)”；“Doctors’recommendationstodroppoundsarestillextremelycommon,eventhoughusingbodysizeas”以及后文“canleadtoignoranceofthecomplexityofanindividual’sparticularphysiology”可知，醫(yī)生的減肥建議是使用體型判斷一個人是否健康，但這可能會導(dǎo)致忽視個人特殊生理的復(fù)雜性，可推測醫(yī)生是將使用體型來判斷一個人體重是否正常視為一個完美的解決方案。畫線詞意思為“一個完美的解決方案”。故選D。13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Manystudieshaveshownheavierpeopleareathigherriskforhighbloodpressure,diabetesandotherdiseases.Butthebigpictureisnotthewholepicture.Researchershaveidentifiedsomefatpeopleconsideredtobe“metabolicallyhealthy”.However,oneinterestingreportpublishedin2016foundthatunhealthythinpeopleweretwiceaslikelytogetdiabetesashealthyfatpeople.Clearly,althoughtheassociationbetweenbeingoverweightanddiseaseisveryreal,individualexperiencecanvarygreatlyanddependsonpersonalphysiologyandbehavior.(許多研究表明，體重較重的人患高血壓、糖尿病和其他疾病的風(fēng)險更高。但大局并不是全貌。研究人員已經(jīng)確認(rèn)了一些被認(rèn)為“新陳代謝健康”的肥胖人群。然而，2016年發(fā)表的一份有趣的報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，不健康的瘦人患糖尿病的可能性是健康的胖子的兩倍。顯然，雖然超重和疾病之間的聯(lián)系是非常真實的，但個人的經(jīng)歷可能會有很大的不同，這取決于個人的生理和行為)”可知，并非所有肥胖的人都患有高血壓或糖尿病。故選C。14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Despitesuchfindings,amongthemoreterribleeffectsofweight-centralhealthcarearetheincreasedshameexperiencedbytheoverweight.Thewell-reportedexperienceofnumerousfatpeopleisthatdoctorsoftensetweightlosswithoutexaminingthem.Researchoverthepasttwodecadeshasshownthathealthprofessionalshavenegativeattitudestowardfatpeople.Notonlythatbutdoctors’appointmentswithfatpatientsareshorteronaverage,andsomerefusetoseethesepatientsatall,astheSouthFloridaSunSentinelreportedin2011.Suchprejudicedpracticeskeeppeoplefromregularannualexamsandpreventthedetectionofserioushiddenconditions.(盡管有這樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)，在以體重為中心的醫(yī)療保健的更可怕的影響中，超重的人感到越來越羞愧。大量肥胖人士的經(jīng)歷被廣為報道，醫(yī)生經(jīng)常在不檢查的情況下就設(shè)定減肥計劃。過去二十年的研究表明，健康專家對肥胖人士持負(fù)面態(tài)度。不僅如此，據(jù)南佛羅里達太陽哨兵報2011年的報道，醫(yī)生與肥胖患者的預(yù)約時間平均要短一些，有些甚至根本不愿見這些患者。這種偏見的做法使人們無法定期進行年度檢查，也無法發(fā)現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的隱患)”可推知，作者通過舉例讓我們相信體重中心保健的影響。故選C。15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Topracticeevidence-basedmedicine,doctorsshouldstoprelyingonweightaloneasanindicatorofhealthandquicklysettingoutweightlosstotreathealthdiseases.Instead,doctorsshouldfocusonbehavioralchangestoimprovehealthoutcomes.Peopleofallsizesareentitledtoevidence-basedtreatmentsandkeepthemhealthy.(要實踐循證醫(yī)學(xué)，醫(yī)生應(yīng)該停止僅僅依靠體重作為健康指標(biāo)，并迅速將減肥作為治療健康疾病的手段。相反，醫(yī)生應(yīng)該關(guān)注行為上的改變，以改善健康結(jié)果。各種體型的人都有權(quán)接受循證治療并保持健康)”結(jié)合文章說明了如今許多醫(yī)生將體重看作衡量一個人是否健康的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，盡管許多研究表明，體重較重的人患高血壓、糖尿病和其他疾病的風(fēng)險更高，但是有報告稱不健康的瘦人患糖尿病的可能性是健康的胖子的兩倍。文章說明了以體重為中心的醫(yī)療保健中心對人們的不良影響，指出醫(yī)生應(yīng)該停止僅僅依靠體重作為健康指標(biāo)，并迅速將減肥作為治療健康疾病的手段?？芍?，D選項“健不健康關(guān)看體重是不夠的”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D?！敬鸢浮?6-20EFBGD【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要針對新冠肺炎是否終結(jié)握手禮儀提出了自己的看法。16.第一段主要講述握手的歷史可能始于14世紀(jì)，空句后的句意：或者更確切地說，我們的手容易從被污染的表面沾到或者附著到細菌，或者當(dāng)我們生病時，從我們的眼睛或者鼻子上沾到細菌。故空句應(yīng)該是與手有關(guān)，同時E項中的Thesedays和the14thcentury相呼應(yīng)，第二段orrather是承接空句來的，應(yīng)該是對空句的解釋。故選E項。17.從空句后的句子：“最近，網(wǎng)上到處是建議，建議人們用大眾可接受的、不會導(dǎo)致病毒在不經(jīng)意間人傳人的方式相互問候。”可知人們握手后擔(dān)心沾染到病菌，因此“我們就像小學(xué)二年級的孩子一般，被迫練習(xí)洗手的技巧”來避免沾染細菌，前后句意相銜接。18.從后句句意“握手禮儀并非唯一一個受到新的審視的問候方式?！笨芍狟項“這會不會是握手禮儀的終結(jié)？”正確。19.本段都是在舉例說明受到新的審視的問候方式。G項“法國人被建議放棄熟悉的親吻臉頰的問候方式?！币彩桥e例。故選G。20.上句句意：“或許，就目前而言，面帶遺憾的微笑和點頭能夠可能是一種共同的認(rèn)可?！笨芍戮洹爱吘?，我們的友好意圖并不是去感染別人，也不是被別人感染?！狈暇湟狻５诙糠钟⒄Z知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）【答案】21-25CBACA26-30BDCAD31-35BCABD【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Trujillo作為一位女性，靠著努力和毅力一步步成為了美國宇航局的工程師的故事。21.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Trujillo是一名航空航天工程師，她領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著美國宇航局實驗室的一個團隊，負(fù)責(zé)最新火星探測器的機械臂。A.astronaut宇航員；B.pilot飛行員；C.engineer工程師；D.guide指導(dǎo)；向?qū)?。根?jù)下文“Later,shebecameanengineeratNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.”可知她成為美國宇航局工程師，所以此處表示她是航天“工程師”，故選C。22.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：參見上題。A.eager渴望的；B.responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的；C.concerned擔(dān)心的；D.grateful感激的。此空是前面laboratory的后置定語，根據(jù)句意以及選項意思，可知此處表示的是這個實驗室的職責(zé)，beresponsiblefor“負(fù)責(zé)……”，故選B。23.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Trujillo是如何從只是夢想著宇宙變成真正的探索宇宙的呢？A.actually事實上；B.hardly幾乎不；C.precisely準(zhǔn)確地；D.repeatedly重復(fù)地。此空對應(yīng)了此句中的“dreamingabout”，要表示的是“從夢想變成了現(xiàn)實”，在現(xiàn)實中真正的探索宇宙。故選A。24.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是一個寫在星空中的有關(guān)毅力的故事。A.innocence無辜；無罪；B.kindness善良；C.perseverance毅力；D.sympathy同情。根據(jù)文章開頭“ForalittlegirlgrowingupinColombia,asciencecareerwithNASAmayseemimpossible.”可知對于一個女孩要進入美國宇航局工作是非常難的一件事，而這位女孩做到了，結(jié)合選項，所以此處表達她的整個經(jīng)歷是一個關(guān)于毅力和堅持的故事。當(dāng)然通讀文章，下文對于女孩故事的介紹，也可知道她的成長經(jīng)歷是一個有關(guān)毅力的故事，故選C。25.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Trujillo出生于1983年，盡管她還是個小女孩，但她肯定自己對科學(xué)的熱情。A.certain確信的；B.tolerant容忍的；寬容的；C.afraid害怕的；擔(dān)心的；D.fond喜愛的。根據(jù)上文“HowdidTrujillogofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniverseto___23___exploringit?”可知她一直夢想著探索宇宙，結(jié)合此句中的even，所以此處表達甚至在她還很小時，就確定了對科學(xué)的追求和喜愛，故選A。26.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但她不確定自己在一個男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域地位能提高多少。A.respond回應(yīng)；B.rise上升；地位提高；C.invest投資；投入；D.apply申請；應(yīng)用。根據(jù)空后“inamale-dominatedfield”在男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域，結(jié)合句意以及選項，可知此處表達在這樣一個男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域里，Trujillo不知道的努力和堅持讓自己能走多遠，地位能提高多少，故選B。27.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)時只有17歲，她接受了這個提議。A.madeup編造；B.turnedup出現(xiàn)；調(diào)大；C.pickedup撿起；學(xué)會；D.tookup接受（建議或主意）；占據(jù)。上文“ThenherdadofferedtosendhertoMiami.”她爸爸提出送她去邁阿密，下文“Trujillotookaseriesofhousekeeping___28___toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege.”提到她去邁阿密上大學(xué)，所以此處表示，她接受了爸爸讓她去邁阿密的提議。故選D。28.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Trujillo做了一系列家務(wù)活，讓自己讀完了邁阿密戴德學(xué)院。A.measures措施；B.activities活動；C.jobs工作；D.courses課程。根據(jù)空前定語housekeeping，以及此句句意，可知，此處表達她給別人做家務(wù)活，也就是通過家務(wù)工作，掙錢讓自己完成學(xué)業(yè)，故選C。29.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時她打掃浴室以幫助她完成學(xué)業(yè)。A.studies學(xué)習(xí)；研究；B.purchases購買的東西；C.recreations休閑活動；D.trips旅行。上題分析提到她做家務(wù)幫助她讀完大學(xué)，結(jié)合選項，所以此處表示她打掃浴