PAGE1WELCOMEUNIT（語(yǔ)法+寫(xiě)作）目錄單元語(yǔ)法：句子成分、句子結(jié)構(gòu)寫(xiě)作聚焦：寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)、個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)以致用：鞏固提升，全面突破單元語(yǔ)法單元語(yǔ)法一．句子成分1.主語(yǔ)（subject）：指句子所談?wù)摰闹黧w。TVnewsoftengivesuslotsofinformation.(名詞)電視新聞常常給我們?cè)S多信息。Somethingiswrongwithmycomputer.(代詞)我的電腦壞了。Seven－tenthsoftheearthsurfaceiscoveredwithwater.十分之七的地球表面被水覆蓋。(數(shù)詞)Toseeistobelieve.(動(dòng)詞不定式)眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。Cyclingandboatingaremyfavoritefreetimeinterests.騎車(chē)和劃船是我最喜歡的業(yè)余愛(ài)好。(動(dòng)名詞)2.謂語(yǔ)（verb）：又稱為"謂詞"，通常說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或主語(yǔ)的特征和狀態(tài)。Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.(簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ))他每天早晨跑步鍛煉。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinShanghai.(復(fù)合謂語(yǔ))上海發(fā)生了巨大的變化。3.賓語(yǔ)（object）：通常指動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。有的動(dòng)詞后面可以接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，通常把其中表示人的賓語(yǔ)稱為間接賓語(yǔ)（indirectobject），把表示物的賓語(yǔ)稱為直接賓語(yǔ)（directobject）。Thechildrenareflyingkites.(名詞)孩子們正在放風(fēng)箏。Callmeanytime.(代詞)請(qǐng)隨時(shí)打電話給我。Idecidetopickupanewforeignlanguage.(動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ))我決定學(xué)一門(mén)新的外語(yǔ)。Doyoumindpassingmethedictionary？(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))請(qǐng)把字典遞給我，好嗎？4.表語(yǔ)（predicative）：指連系動(dòng)詞后面的成分，通常說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài)。Englishisbothusefulandimportant.(形容詞)英語(yǔ)有用且很重要。TheForbiddenCityisatthecentreofBeijing.紫禁城位于北京市中心。(介詞短語(yǔ))Thegreatesthappinessistoworkforthehappinessofall.(動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ))最大的快樂(lè)就是為大家的快樂(lè)而工作。Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))我的愛(ài)好是集郵。5.定語(yǔ)（attribute）：修飾名詞或代詞。Theseareappletrees.(名詞)這些是蘋(píng)果樹(shù)。Themenherearealwaysbusyworkingonthefarm.這里的男人總是忙于在田間干活。(副詞)Thereisnothingtodotoday.(不定式)今天沒(méi)有事要做。Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.(現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ))那個(gè)微笑的男孩需要一支他媽媽買(mǎi)的鋼筆。6.狀語(yǔ)（adverbial）：用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。Kateplansherstudycarefully.凱特認(rèn)真地計(jì)劃她的學(xué)習(xí)。Clearly,thiswillcostalotmorethanwerealizedbefore.顯而易見(jiàn)，這將比我們以前了解到的花費(fèi)要多得多。I'llbebackinawhile（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）.我一會(huì)兒就會(huì)回來(lái)。I'mverypleasedtoseeyou（原因狀語(yǔ)）.見(jiàn)到你我非常高興。Pleasecallmeupifyouneedhelp（條件狀語(yǔ)）.你如果需要幫助，請(qǐng)給我打電話。7.補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（complement）：分為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（subjectcomplement）和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（objectcomplement），用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的特征或情況。Heismadechairmanoftheclub（主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）.他被任命為俱樂(lè)部的主席。Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）.聽(tīng)音樂(lè)使我放松。二．基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)句子結(jié)構(gòu)例句1.主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)(S＋V)The

rain

stopped.雨停了。Thesunisrising．太陽(yáng)正在升起。2.主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)(S＋V＋O)HeiswatchingTV．他正在看電視。He

enjoys

reading.

他喜歡讀書(shū)。3.主語(yǔ)＋(系動(dòng)詞＋)表語(yǔ)(S＋P)This

is

an

English-Chinese

dictionary.這是一本英漢詞典。Everythinglooksdifferent．一切看來(lái)都不同了。4.主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋間接賓語(yǔ)＋直接賓語(yǔ)(S＋V＋I(xiàn)O＋DO)Heboughtmeabirthdaypresent．他給我買(mǎi)了一份生日禮物。＝Heboughtabirthdaypresentforme．Ishowedhimmypictures．我給他看我的照片。＝Ishowedmypicturestohim．5.主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(S＋V＋O＋C)They

painted

the

door

green.他們把門(mén)刷成了綠色。They

found

the

house

empty.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)房子是空的。Miketoldmenottogonow．邁克告訴我不要現(xiàn)在走。6.主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋狀語(yǔ)(S＋V＋A)Theytalked[forhalfanhour]．他們談了半個(gè)小時(shí)。Thetimepassed[quickly]．時(shí)間很快過(guò)去了。7.主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)＋狀語(yǔ)(S＋V＋O＋A)Iwaitedforhim[attheschoolgate]．我在校門(mén)口等他。He

put

thecoffee[on

thetable].他把咖啡放在了桌子上。8.存現(xiàn)句(Therebe...)Thereisapianoinmystudyroom.在我的書(shū)房里有一架鋼琴。Thereare56studentsinmyclass.我的班里有56名學(xué)生。寫(xiě)作聚焦寫(xiě)作聚焦一、寫(xiě)作方法指導(dǎo)自我介紹：自我介紹是向別人展示自己的一個(gè)途徑，一般要求能用簡(jiǎn)明的語(yǔ)言把自己的情況按照邏輯順序一一講明，給他人呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)真實(shí)的自己，不需要過(guò)多華麗的辭藻。篇章結(jié)構(gòu)如下常用表達(dá)：個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)介(personalprofile)興趣愛(ài)好1.enjoyoutdooractivities喜歡戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)2.befondofreading喜歡看書(shū)3.enjoycommunicating/talkingwithothers喜歡與他人交流4.show/haveagreatinterestintraveling對(duì)旅游很感興趣5.becrazyaboutplayingbasketball熱衷于打籃球個(gè)性特征1.befriendlytosb.對(duì)某人友好2.beconfidentof對(duì)……有把握3.becuriousabout對(duì)……好奇4.bereadytohelpothers樂(lè)于助人5.beeagertomakefriendswithothers渴望與他人交朋友學(xué)校生活1.workhardat...努力學(xué)習(xí)……2.begoodat.../dowellin...擅長(zhǎng)……3.makeprogressin...在……方面取得進(jìn)步4.improveoneselfin...在……方面提升自我5.beactiveinclass在課堂上積極6.takeanactivepartin...積極參與……7.getonwellwithsb.與某人和睦相處目標(biāo)夢(mèng)想1.workasavolunteer做志愿者2.dreamofbecomingawriter夢(mèng)想成為作家3.sharemythoughtsabouttheworld分享我對(duì)世界的看法二、寫(xiě)作素材1.Wordstoexpresspersonality2.Howtodescribename,age,gradeandschool?I’m.../Mynameis...I’ma/an...girl/boy,named...Icomefrom...I'maGrade...studentat...I’m16yearsold/I’maged16.I’ma16-year-oldstudentat…school.3.Whatareyourlearningstyles?Ilike/prefertoworkingroups,becauseithelpsme…Ioftenaskquestions,butlearnbestbydoing.Ikeepalearningdiaryeverydayinordertoimprovewriting.4.Whatareyourfavoritesubject?Chinese,maths,English,politics,history,geography,physics,biology,chemistry,music,art,P.E.,ITMyfavouritesubjectis.../Ilike...best.I’mgoodat...我擅長(zhǎng)……【Application】在所有科目中，我最喜歡英語(yǔ)。______________________________________我擅長(zhǎng)唱歌，所以音樂(lè)是我最喜歡的科目。____________________________5.Whatareyourhobbies?dancing,skating,singing,readingshortstories,playingcomputergames...beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣befondof,enjoydoing喜歡做……becrazyabout著迷于……Myhobbyis.../Ilike...【Application】唱歌和跳舞是我的愛(ài)好。____________________________6.Howtodescribeyourfutureplansanddreams?teacher,translator,writer,actor,actress,architect,pilot,computerprogrammer,dancer,dentist,doctor,fireman...Iplantobecome…inthefuture.Mydreamistobecome/start…whenIgrowup.Oneofmygoals/aimsinlifeistogotoakeyuniversity.IwishIwouldbea/an…oneday.Iwishmydreamwillcometrue.三、寫(xiě)作模板Mynameis__________.Icomefromabeautifulcitynamed__________.Ilikemakingfriends,doingexerciseandreading.Iamopen-minded,quickinthoughtandveryfondofhistory.Inmysparetime,Ilike__________,especially__________.Besides,Ihaveagoodknowledgeof__________.Iamableto__________well.Iamskillfulat__________.Iamafootballfanforyears.TheItalianteamismyfavorite.Iamproudtostudywitheveryoneinmyclassforthecomingyears.Mygreatestdreamis__________.Tomakemydreamcometrue,Imust__________.四、典例詳析范文學(xué)習(xí)【Text】MynameisAnnWellsandI’maGrade10studentatLakesideHighSchool.I'manactivepersonandIlovesports.I’mcuriousabout（對(duì)...好奇）everything.Ioftenaskquestions,butIlearnbestbydoing在做中學(xué).Myfavouritesubjectisphysics.Dancingandskating(動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ))aremyhobbies,andIalsoliketoreadshortstories.Iplantobecomeanengineerinthefuture.

仿寫(xiě)：MynameisandI’maGradestudentat

I'ma/anperson(boy/girl)andIlove.Ioften.Myfavouritesubjectis.(動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)）aremyhobbies,andIalsoliketo.Iplantobecomea/aninthefuture.

我叫…,我就讀于…學(xué)?！昙?jí)。我的性格…,我經(jīng)?！?可描述自己的愛(ài)好或習(xí)慣)我最喜歡的科目是…?！俏业膼?ài)好。我還喜歡…(如果有多個(gè)愛(ài)好)。未來(lái)我打算做…范文模仿1.仿結(jié)構(gòu)，布局合理第一段：介紹個(gè)人基本信息，包括姓名、年齡、性別、國(guó)籍、住址等。第二段：介紹個(gè)人的特長(zhǎng)、閱歷等。第三段：告訴對(duì)方自己的聯(lián)系方式。2.仿語(yǔ)言1）我喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。(主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu))________________________________________________________________.畫(huà)畫(huà)和聽(tīng)音樂(lè)是我的愛(ài)好。(動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ))________________________________________________________________.思考將來(lái)的發(fā)展，我計(jì)劃成為一名設(shè)計(jì)師。(動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ))________________________________________________________________.為了提高我的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言能力，如果有可能的話，我想到劍橋大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。(if狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)________________________________________________________________.3.學(xué)銜接5）用并列連詞合并句1和句2________________________________________________________________.用并列連詞合并句3和句4________________________________________________________________.重劵寫(xiě)，賞心悅目【范文】MynameisLiHua,a17-year-oldseniorhighschoolstudent.IliveatNo.26ShandaRoad,Jinan,China.Asanoutgoingboy,Ilovesportsandpaintingandlisteningtomusicaremyhobbies.Thinkingaboutmyfuture,Iplantobecomeadesigner，soinordertoimprovemyEnglishlanguageskills，IwouldliketostudyinCambridgeUniversityifpossible.IfyouthinkIcangetthechance,pleasegetintouchwithme,sendingane-mailtoLiHua1297@163.com.Iamlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.

學(xué)以致用學(xué)以致用一、指出劃線部分充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?．Thechangewon’tmakeyoudisappointed.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行句子成分劃分)A．謂語(yǔ) B．主語(yǔ) C．賓補(bǔ) D．直接賓語(yǔ)2．OurEnglishteacherrecommendedusareferencebookwhosecontentwasdetailedandwell-organized.請(qǐng)判斷劃線部分的句子成分：________A．object(賓語(yǔ)) B．a(chǎn)ttributive(定語(yǔ)) C．a(chǎn)dverbial(狀語(yǔ)) D．complement(補(bǔ)語(yǔ))3．Theschooladviserhelpedmechoosetheappropriateones.下劃線部分是成分.A．狀語(yǔ) B．表語(yǔ) C．間接賓語(yǔ) D．賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)4．Theorganizersplantoimprovetherobotsandopenthecafeoftentosupportjobcreationforpeoplewithdisabilities.劃線部分在句中充當(dāng)________A．賓語(yǔ) B．表語(yǔ) C．狀語(yǔ) D．賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)5．Throughtheseactivitiesweteachstudentsabouttheimportanceofcivicengagementandwemakeitfunforstudentstobeinvolvedinbetteringtheircommunities.劃線部分在句中充當(dāng)________A．賓語(yǔ) B．表語(yǔ) C．狀語(yǔ) D．賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)6．IfoundhimashamedwhenIaskedhimthequestion.Whatisthesentenceelementunderlinedinthesentence?______A．Subject(主語(yǔ)). B．Object(賓語(yǔ)).C．Predictive(表語(yǔ)). D．Objectcomplement(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)).7．Thereportsoundsinteresting.A．object B．subject C．complement D．predicative8．Thereisalwayssomethingexcitedtodo.A．主語(yǔ) B．賓語(yǔ) C．賓補(bǔ) D．狀語(yǔ)9．Itisnotunusualforteenagersofyourgenerationtobeattractedtocomputergames.A．主語(yǔ) B．賓語(yǔ) C．賓補(bǔ) D．狀語(yǔ)10．Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinemakesitverydifficulttofocusonotherthingsinlife.A．主語(yǔ) B．賓語(yǔ) C．賓補(bǔ) D．狀語(yǔ)11．Hermomboughtherapetdogasabirthdaypresent.A．賓補(bǔ) B．直接賓語(yǔ) C．間接賓語(yǔ) D．表語(yǔ)12．Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.A．主語(yǔ) B．賓語(yǔ) C．賓補(bǔ) D．表語(yǔ)13．Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.A．主語(yǔ) B．賓語(yǔ) C．謂語(yǔ) D．表語(yǔ)14．Jackofferedmesomehelpfuladvice.A．indirectobject B．directobject C．a(chǎn)dverbial D．a(chǎn)ttributive15．Themeetingheldyesterdaywasimportant.A．verb B．object C．a(chǎn)ttributive D．a(chǎn)dverbial二、寫(xiě)出下列句子屬于哪類句子結(jié)構(gòu)1．Hernextgoalistostartacharitywebsitetoraisemoneyforchildreninpoorcountries.A．主謂賓補(bǔ)B．主系表狀C．主謂賓賓補(bǔ)D．狀主系表2．Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.A．主系表狀B．主謂賓賓補(bǔ)C．主謂賓狀D．主同位語(yǔ)謂狀3．Thebossofferedmeajob.（判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)）A．SP（主語(yǔ)＋系表結(jié)構(gòu)） B．SVIODO（主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語(yǔ)＋直接賓語(yǔ)）C．SVO(主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)） D．SVOC（主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）4．Henoticedamanentertheroom.（判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)）A．SP（主語(yǔ)＋系表結(jié)構(gòu)） B．SVOC（主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）C．SVA（主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋狀語(yǔ)） D．SVIODO（主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語(yǔ)＋直接賓語(yǔ)）5．Whatisthemainstructureofthesentence“Theweatherhasturnedcold”?A．S+VP（主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)）B．S+V+O（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)）C．S+V+O+OC（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)）D．S+V+IO+DO（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+直接賓語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)）6．Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.______(分析句子成分)A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+IO C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+C7．Thesentence“Hegavehissisteratoy.”belongstothestructureof_____.A．Subject+Predicate+ObjectB．Subject+LinkingVerb+PredicativeC．Subject+Predicate+IndirectObject+DirectObjectD．Subject+Predicate+Object+Complement8．“HebecameateacherofEnglish.”Thestructureofthissentenceis“______”.A．主+謂+賓 B．主+系+表 C．主+謂+間賓+直賓 D．主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)9．“Ifoundmyselfinastrangeplace.”Thestructureofthissentenceis“______”.A．主+謂+賓 B．主+系+表 C．主+謂+間賓+直賓 D．主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)10．“Theprofessorgaveusanexcitinglecture.”Thestructureofthissentenceis“______”.A．主+謂+賓 B．主+系+表 C．主+謂+間賓+直賓 D．主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)11．The100-year-oldschoolliesinthecenterofthecity.A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+A C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+A12．Wehadourchemistryclassinthesciencelab.A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+C