2025年英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試閱讀理解專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練試卷：提升閱讀速度與理解力考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehension(35minutes)directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheriseofthe"gigeconomy"hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttransformationsinthelabormarketoverthepastdecade.Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,jobsinareasliketransportation,fooddelivery,andfreelancewritinghavebecomeincreasinglyaccessible.Whileproponentsarguethatgigworkoffersflexibilityandautonomy,criticsraiseconcernsaboutjobsecurity,benefits,andthepotentialforexploitation.Thisdichotomypresentsacomplexchallengeforbothworkersandpolicymakers.Forindividuals,gigworkoftenappealsbecauseitallowsthemtosettheirownhoursandchooseprojectsthatalignwiththeirinterests.Thelackofatraditional9-to-5structurecanbeparticularlyattractivetothoseseekingwork-lifebalanceoradditionalincomestreams.However,thisflexibilityoftencomesatthecostofstability.Manygigworkerslackbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans,whicharetypicallyprovidedbytraditionalemployers.Furthermore,incomecanbeunpredictable,makingfinancialplanningdifficult.Fromasocietalperspective,thegigeconomyhasbothpositiveandnegativeimplications.Ontheonehand,itcanstimulateeconomicdynamismbycreatingjobsthatmightnotexistotherwiseandenablingmorepeopletoparticipateintheworkforce.Ontheotherhand,theabsenceoflaborprotectionscouldexacerbateincomeinequalityandleaveavulnerableworkforceexposedtoeconomicshocks.Regulatingthegigeconomytoensurefaircompensationandbasicsafetynetswithoutstiflinginnovationremainsadelicatebalancingactforgovernmentsworldwide.Questions:1.Whatisthemaincharacteristicofgigworkhighlightedinthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomepotentialdrawbacksofgigworkforindividuals?3.Theword"exacerbate"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)worsenB)encourageC)limitD)distribute4.Whatistheprimarychallengementionedforpolicymakersregardingthegigeconomy?5.Thepassagesuggeststhatthegigeconomymightleadto:A)betterwork-lifebalanceforallworkers.B)thecreationofmoretraditional,stablejobs.C)increasedincomeinequalityandworkforcevulnerability.D)universaladoptionofdigitalplatformsforjobsearching.PassageTwoClimatechangeisarguablythemostpressingchallengefacinghumanitytoday.Itsimpactsarefar-reaching,affectingeverythingfromagriculturalyieldstocoastalcommunities.Whilethescientificconsensusonthecausesandconsequencesofclimatechangeisoverwhelming,achievingglobalcooperationtomitigateitseffectshasprovenincrediblydifficult.Thiscomplexitystemsfromacombinationofeconomic,political,andsocialfactors.Oneofthecentraleconomicissuesrevolvesaroundthecostsoftransitioningtoalow-carboneconomy.Whilerenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowerarebecomingincreasinglycost-competitive,thephasingoutoffossilfuelsrequiressignificantinvestmentininfrastructureandpotentialeconomicdisruptionincertainindustries.Balancingtheneedforenvironmentalactionwiththeimperativetomaintaineconomicgrowthisamajorhurdle.Furthermore,theprincipleof"commonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilities"meansthatdevelopednations,whichhavehistoricallycontributedmoretotheproblem,areexpectedtotakeongreaterresponsibilities,apositionnotalwayswillinglyacceptedbyothercountries.Politicaldivisionsalsoplayacrucialrole.Nationalinterestsoftenconflictwithglobalimperatives.Short-termpoliticalcyclescanmakeleadersreluctanttoimplementpolicieswithpotentiallyunpopularimmediateconsequences,suchascarbontaxesorstringentenergyregulations.Internationalnegotiationsareoftenhamperedbymistrustanddisagreementsoverburden-sharing,makingitchallengingtoreachbindingagreementswithmeaningfultargets.Socially,publicawarenessandengagementarevital.Whileconcernaboutclimatechangeiswidespread,translatingthisconcernintoconsistentpoliticalpressureandbehavioralchangesremainsanongoingchallenge.Misinformationcampaignsandtheinfluenceofpowerfullobbyinggroupscanalsocloudtheissue,makingitdifficultforcitizensandpolicymakerstomakeinformeddecisions.Questions:6.Whatistheprimarytopicofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeoftheeconomicchallengesassociatedwithcombatingclimatechange?8.Thephrase"commonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilities"inthethirdparagraphrefersto:A)theresponsibilityofdevelopingcountriestopayforclimatedamage.B)thevaryinglevelsofhistoricalcontributiontoemissionsandthusthevaryinglevelsofresponsibilityformitigation.C)theneedforallcountriestosharethecostsequally.D)theresponsibilityofscientiststosharedataopenly.9.Whatfactormentionedinthepassagecancomplicateinternationaleffortstoaddressclimatechange?10.Thepassageimpliesthatforeffectiveclimateaction,whatisnecessary?A)Immediateeconomicgrowthatanycost.B)Uniformpoliciesimplementedgloballywithoutexception.C)Strongpublicsupportandengagementalongsidepoliticalwill.D)Acompleterelianceonrenewableenergysourcesbyallnationsimmediately.PassageThreeTheconceptof"culturalintelligence"(CQ)hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyearsasbusinessesandorganizationsoperateinincreasinglyglobalizedcontexts.Unlikegeneralintelligenceoremotionalintelligence,CQspecificallyreferstoanindividual'sabilitytofunctioneffectivelyinsituationscharacterizedbyculturaldiversity.Itencompassescognitive,emotional,andbehavioraldimensions,requiringindividualsnotonlytounderstandculturaldifferencesbutalsotoadapttheirbehavioraccordingly.DevelopingCQinvolvesseveralkeycomponents.Cognitively,itmeanshavingtheknowledgeandawarenessofdifferentculturalnorms,values,andcommunicationstyles.Thisincludesunderstandingpotentialbiasesandstereotypesthatmightinfluenceperceptionsandinteractions.Emotionally,CQinvolvesmanagingone'sownreactionstoculturaldifferencesandbeingsensitivetotheemotionsofothersacrosscultures.Thismightmeantoleratingambiguityandresistingtheurgetojudgebasedonone'sownculturalstandards.Behaviorally,CQisdemonstratedthroughtheabilitytoadaptone'sapproach—suchascommunicationmethods,negotiationtactics,orteamcollaboration—tothespecificculturalcontext.WhyisCQsocrucial?Inourinterconnectedworld,effectivecollaborationoftenrequiresinteractingwithpeoplefrombackgroundsvastlydifferentfromone'sown.Misunderstandingsarisingfromculturaldifferencescanleadtoconflicts,reducedproductivity,andmissedopportunities.Conversely,individualswithhighCQcannavigatethesedifferencesmoresmoothly,buildstrongerrelationships,fosterinclusiveenvironments,andleveragediverseperspectivesforinnovationandproblem-solving.Whetherininternationalbusiness,cross-culturalteams,orsimplyglobalonlinecommunities,theabilitytounderstandandconnectwithpeoplefromdifferentculturesprovidesasignificantcompetitiveadvantage.Questions:11.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTacomponentofculturalintelligence?A)Knowledgeaboutculturalnorms.B)Abilitytoadaptbehaviortodifferentcultures.C)Highacademicachievement.D)Emotionalsensitivitytoculturaldifferences.13.Whatdoestheword"ambiguity"inthesecondparagraphreferto?A)Thestateofbeingunclearoropentomorethanoneinterpretation.B)Thefeelingofbeingemotionallyoverwhelmed.C)Theprocessofadaptingtoanewculture.D)Theknowledgeofculturaldifferences.14.Thepassagesuggeststhatculturalintelligencecanhelpprevent:A)Differencesinacademicperformance.B)Conflictsandenhancecollaborationindiversesettings.C)Theneedforinternationalbusinesstravel.D)Thedevelopmentofpersonalemotionalintelligence.15.Accordingtothepassage,whyisCQimportantinaglobalizedworld?A)Itensuresthatallculturesbecomeidentical.B)Ithelpsindividualsavoidmakingfriendswithpeoplefromothercultures.C)Itenableseffectiveinteractionandcollaborationacrossculturalboundaries.D)Itmakesbusinesseslesscompetitiveglobally.PassageFourTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)technologyisreshapingindustriesandraisingprofoundquestionsaboutthefutureofwork.WhileAIoffersthepotentialtoautomatemundanetasks,increaseefficiency,anddriveinnovation,itswidespreadimplementationalsoposessignificantchallengesrelatedtoemploymentandskills.UnderstandingthesechallengesiscrucialfornavigatingthetransitiontowardsanAI-integratedeconomy.OneofthemostdiscussedimpactsofAIisjobdisplacement.Automation,poweredbymachinelearningandrobotics,canpotentiallyreplacehumanworkersinsectorsrangingfrommanufacturingandlogisticstocustomerserviceanddataanalysis.WhilenewjobswillundoubtedlyemergeinAIdevelopment,maintenance,andoversight,thereisconcernthatthesemayrequiredifferentskillsetsthanthosedisplaced,potentiallycreatingaskillsgapandincreasingincomeinequality.Thenatureofworkitselfmayalsochange,withanincreasedemphasisoncreativity,criticalthinking,andcomplexproblem-solvingskillsthatAIcurrentlycannotreplicate.EthicalconsiderationssurroundingAIarealsoparamount.Issuessuchasalgorithmicbias,dataprivacy,andthepotentialformisuseofAIsystemsrequirecarefulattention.Forinstance,biasedalgorithmstrainedonimperfectdatacanperpetuateandevenamplifyexistingsocietalinequalities.EnsuringthatAIsystemsaredevelopedanddeployedresponsibly,fairly,andtransparentlyisacomplextaskthatinvolvestechnicalexpertise,ethicalframeworks,androbustgovernancestructures.Furthermore,theintegrationofAInecessitatesafocusonhuman-AIcollaborationratherthanmerehumanreplacement.Thefutureofworkmaylienotinhumansversusmachines,butinhumansworkingalongsidemachines,leveragingAItoolstoenhancetheircapabilities.Thisrequiressignificantinvestmentineducationandtrainingtoequiptheworkforcewiththenecessaryskillstoadapttothesechangingtechnologicallandscapes.Governments,businesses,andeducationalinstitutionsmustcollaboratetofosterlifelonglearningandreskillingprograms.Questions:16.WhatistheprimaryconcernraisedaboutAI'simpactonemployment?17.Theword"paramount"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)secondaryB)importantC)uncertainD)controversial18.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapotentialethicalissuerelatedtoAI?19.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisneededforthefutureofworkinanAIera?A)EliminatingallhumanjobsreplacedbyAI.B)FocusingsolelyondevelopingAItechnology.C)Equippingtheworkforcewithskillsforhuman-AIcollaboration.D)ReducingthenumberofnewjobscreatedbyAI.20.ThepassageimpliesthatthetransitiontoanAIeconomyrequires:A)minimalchangestocurrenteducationsystems.B)afocusonreplacinghumanworkerswithmachines.C)proactiveeffortsineducation,training,andgovernance.D)acompleterejectionofAItechnologyduetoethicalconcerns.---試卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionPassageOne1.D*解析思路：文章首段對(duì)比了“gigeconomy”的利弊，并點(diǎn)明其核心特征是由數(shù)字平臺(tái)連接服務(wù)提供者和客戶，提供了靈活性和自主性。選項(xiàng)D“flexibilityandautonomy”（靈活性和自主性）與文章首段的核心描述一致。2.A*解析思路：文章第二段闡述了個(gè)人選擇做零工的原因（靈活性），緊接著用“However”進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折，指出其弊端。文中明確提到缺乏“benefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans”（如健康保險(xiǎn)、帶薪休假和退休計(jì)劃），并且收入“unpredictable,makingfinancialplanningdifficult”（不可預(yù)測(cè)，使財(cái)務(wù)規(guī)劃困難）。選項(xiàng)A“l(fā)ackofbenefitsandunpredictableincome”（缺乏福利和收入不穩(wěn)定）概括了這些主要弊端。3.A*解析思路：分析詞匯“exacerbate”所在的句子，“theabsenceoflaborprotectionscouldexacerbateincomeinequalityandleaveavulnerableworkforceexposedtoeconomicshocks”。結(jié)合上下文，此處指的是沒(méi)有勞工保護(hù)可能會(huì)加劇收入不平等。選項(xiàng)A“worsen”（加?。┡c文意最符合。B“encourage”（鼓勵(lì)）、C“l(fā)imit”（限制）、D“distribute”（分配）均不符合語(yǔ)境。4.D*解析思路：文章最后一段明確指出，對(duì)于政策制定者來(lái)說(shuō)，“Regulatingthegigeconomytoensurefaircompensationandbasicsafetynetswithoutstiflinginnovationremainsadelicatebalancingact”（在確保公平報(bào)酬和基本安全網(wǎng)的同時(shí)不扼殺創(chuàng)新，對(duì)零工經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)行監(jiān)管仍然是一項(xiàng)微妙的平衡工作）。選項(xiàng)D“balancinginnovationwithfairregulationwithoutstiflinggrowth”（平衡創(chuàng)新與公平監(jiān)管而不扼殺增長(zhǎng)）是對(duì)此挑戰(zhàn)的核心內(nèi)容的轉(zhuǎn)述。5.C*解析思路：文章第二段提到零工缺乏福利導(dǎo)致“vulnerableworkforce”（脆弱的勞動(dòng)力），第三段提到缺乏保護(hù)可能“exacerbateincomeinequality”（加劇收入不平等）。選項(xiàng)C“increasedincomeinequalityandworkforcevulnerability”（加劇收入不平等和勞動(dòng)力脆弱性）準(zhǔn)確概括了這些負(fù)面影響。PassageTwo6.A*解析思路：文章首段直接點(diǎn)出“theriseofthe'gigeconomy'hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttransformationsinthelabormarket...climatechangeisarguablythemostpressingchallengefacinghumanitytoday”，并將兩者進(jìn)行對(duì)比。隨后內(nèi)容主要圍繞氣候變化的成因、經(jīng)濟(jì)挑戰(zhàn)、政治分歧和社會(huì)因素展開(kāi)討論。因此，文章主要主題是氣候變化及其挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)A最符合。7.A*解析思路：文章第三段明確提到，“Oneofthecentraleconomicissuesrevolvesaroundthecostsoftransitioning...thephasingoutoffossilfuelsrequiressignificantinvestment...Balancingtheneedforenvironmentalactionwiththeimperativetomaintaineconomicgrowthisamajorhurdle”。選項(xiàng)A“thecostsandinvestmentrequiredfortransitioningtoalow-carboneconomy”（向低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型所需成本和投資）概括了文中所述的經(jīng)濟(jì)挑戰(zhàn)。8.B*解析思路：文章第三段提到“theprincipleof'commonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilities'meansthatdevelopednations,whichhavehistoricallycontributedmore,areexpectedtotakeongreaterresponsibilities”。句意是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家因歷史排放更多而承擔(dān)更多責(zé)任。選項(xiàng)B“thevaryinglevelsofhistoricalcontributiontoemissionsandthusthevaryinglevelsofresponsibilityformitigation”（歷史排放貢獻(xiàn)的差異化程度以及由此產(chǎn)生的減排責(zé)任差異化程度）準(zhǔn)確解釋了這一原則。9.B*解析思路：文章第三段指出，“Nationalinterestsoftenconflictwithglobalimperatives”，即國(guó)家利益常常與全球目標(biāo)相沖突。這直接說(shuō)明了國(guó)際合作的困難點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B“conflictbetweennationalinterestsandglobalimperatives”（國(guó)家利益與全球目標(biāo)之間的沖突）是對(duì)此的準(zhǔn)確轉(zhuǎn)述。10.C*解析思路：文章最后一段提到，“publicawarenessandengagementarevital...translatingthisconcernintoconsistentpoliticalpressureandbehavioralchangesremainsanongoingchallenge”。同時(shí)，也提到了“Misinformationcampaignsandtheinfluenceofpowerfullobbyinggroupscanalsocloudtheissue”。這說(shuō)明，有效的氣候行動(dòng)需要強(qiáng)大的公眾支持和參與，以及政治意愿。選項(xiàng)C“Strongpublicsupportandengagementalongsidepoliticalwill”（強(qiáng)大的公眾支持和參與以及政治意愿）最能概括文章暗示的必要條件。PassageThree11.A*解析思路：文章首段定義了“culturalintelligence(CQ)”及其核心——在文化多樣性情境下有效工作的能力。隨后段落分別闡述了CQ的構(gòu)成、重要性以及如何發(fā)展CQ。因此，文章主要關(guān)注的是文化智力的概念及其重要性。選項(xiàng)A最符合。12.C*解析思路：文章第二段明確列出了CQ的三個(gè)維度：“cognitive,emotional,andbehavioraldimensions”。選項(xiàng)A（知識(shí)）、B（行為適應(yīng)能力）和D（情感敏感度）均在文中提及。選項(xiàng)C“highacademicachievement”（高學(xué)業(yè)成就）在文中并未提及，不是CQ的組成部分。13.A*解析思路：文章第二段提到在跨文化環(huán)境中，“toleratingambiguityandresistingtheurgetojudge...”。結(jié)合上下文，這里指的是容忍情境或信息不清晰、有多種解釋的狀態(tài)。選項(xiàng)A“thestateofbeingunclearoropentomorethanoneinterpretation”（模糊不清或允許有多種解釋的狀態(tài)）與文意最接近。14.B*解析思路：文章第三段指出，CQ能夠幫助“navigatethesedifferencesmoresmoothly,buildstrongerrelationships,fosterinclusiveenvironments,andleveragediverseperspectivesforinnovationandproblem-solving”。這些都與有效協(xié)作和減少?zèng)_突有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)B“preventconflictsandenhancecollaborationindiversesettings”（防止不同環(huán)境中的沖突并增強(qiáng)協(xié)作）是對(duì)此的概括。15.C*解析思路：文章第三段強(qiáng)調(diào)了CQ的重要性在于，“whetherininternationalbusiness,cross-culturalteams,orsimplyglobalonlinecommunities,theabilityt