高考英語閱讀理解(社會文化)解題技巧分析及練習題(含答案)一、高中英語閱讀理解社會文化類1．閱讀理解

ThefinalresultsofBest-EverTeenFictionvotearein.Whileit'snosurprisetoseeHarryPotterandTheHungerGamesseriesontop,thisyear'slistalsohighlightssomewritersweweren'tasfamiliarwith.Forexample,JohnGreen,authorofTheFaultinOurStars,appearsfivetimesinthetop100.

Summer,likeyouth,passesquickly.Butthebookswereadwhenwe'reyoungcanstaywithusforalifetime.Thefollowingarethetop4onthelist.Enjoy.

⒈HarryPotterseries

TheHarryPotterbooksmakeupthepopularserieswrittenbyJ.K.Rowing.Theseriesincludessevenbooks.Thebooksconcernawizard(魔法師)calledHarryPotterandhisjourneythroughHogwartsSchoolofWitchcraftandWizardry.ThestoriestellofhimovercomingdangerousobstaclestodefeatthedarkwizardLordVoldemortwhokilledhisparentswhenHarrywas15monthsold.

⒉TheHungerGamesseries

IntheruinsofafutureNorthAmerica,ayounggirlispickedtoleaveherpoordistrictandtraveltoCapitolforabattletothedeathinthecruelHungerGames.ButforKatnissEverdeen,themaincharacterinthisseriesbySuzanneCollins,winningtheGamesonlyputsherdeeperindangerasthestrictsocialorderofPanembeginstounravel(瓦解).

⒊ToKillaMockingbird

AuthorHarperLeeexploresracialtensionsinthefictional"tiredoldtown"ofMaycomb,Ala.,throughtheeyesof6-year-oldScoutFinch.Asherlawyerfather,Atticus,defendsablackmanaccusedofacrime,ScoutandherfriendslearnabouttheunjusttreatmentofAfrican-Americans–andtheirmysteriousneighbor,BooRadley.

⒋ThefaultinOurStars

HazelGrace,ateenagegirl,hasgotallsortsofcancerinsideherbody,andherlungsaren'tworkingverywell.Sheknowssheisdyinganddoesn'tliveinhopeanymore.WhenamannamedAugustusWaterssuddenlyappearsattheCancerKidSupportGroup,Hazel'sstoryisabouttobecompletelyrewritten.（1）WhatdoweknowaboutJohnGreen?A.

Oneofhisnovelstopsthelist.B.

Manyofhisnovelsareverypopular.C.

Heisthefavoritewriterofmanyteens.D.

Hewasawell-knownwriterlongbeforethevote.（2）WhoistheauthorofTheHungerGamesseries?A.

HarperLee.

B.

JohnGreen.

C.

J.K.Rowling.

D.

SuzanneCollins.（3）WhatisToKillaMockingbirdmainlyabout?A.

Lifelongfriendships.

B.

Racialdiscrimination.C.

Amanworkingasalawyer.

D.

Alittlegirl'sdifficultchildhood.（4）HazelinTheFaultinOurStars______.A.

isveryoptimistic

B.

writesagreatstoryC.

makesmanymistakes

D.

ischangedbyAugustus.（5）Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthetextprobably?A.

Sports.

B.

News.

C.

Literature.

D.

Entertainment.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）D（5）C【解析】【分析】

短文大意：本文介紹了最受青少年喜愛的四部小說。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段thisyear'slistalsohighlightssomewritersweweren'tasfamiliarwith.Forexample,JohnGreen,authorofTheFaultinOurStars,appearsfivetimesinthetop100.可知，本年度的名單中出現(xiàn)了一些我們不是很熟悉的作家，比如JohnGreen，在前100里出現(xiàn)了五次，可知，其小說很受歡迎，故選B。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段ButforKatnissEverdeen,themaincharacterinthisseriesbySuzanneCollins可知，饑餓游戲的作者為SuzanneCollins，故選D。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本部分AuthorHarperLeeexploresracialtensionsinthefictional"tiredoldtown"ofMaycomb可知，殺死一只知更鳥，探討種族歧視問題，故選B。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段WhenamannamedAugustusWaterssuddenlyappearsattheCancerKidSupportGroup,Hazel'sstoryisabouttobecompletelyrewritten.可知，當AugustusWaters出現(xiàn)的時候，Hazel的人生發(fā)生了改變，故選D。（5）推理判斷題題。本文主要介紹四部受青少年喜愛的小說，故與文學有關(guān)，故選C。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題兩種常考題型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。2．閱讀理解

March21hasbeendeclaredWorldSleepDay,atimetorecognizeandcelebratethevalueofsleep.Manysleepexpertshopeitwillbeawake-upcall.

Accordingtoapoll(民意調(diào)查)bytheNationalSleepFoundation,nearly4in5Americansdon'tgetasmuchsleepastheyshouldduringtheworkweek.Onaverage,adultsarethoughttoneedatleasteighthoursofsleepanight,althoughsomecanmanagewithlessandsomewon'tdowellwithoutmore.Butthesurveyfoundthat,onweekdays,only21%ofAmericansactuallygetafulleighthoursofsleep,andanother21%getlessthansixhours.

Tomanyofus,thethoughtofspendingmoretimesleepingis,well,abigyawn.Ontheotherhand,thethoughtofbeingsmarter,thinner,healthierandmorecheerfulhasacertainappeal.Andthosearejustafewoftheadvantagesthatcanbeoursifweconsistentlygetenoughsleep,researcherssay.Alsoontheplusside:We'relikelytohavebetterskin,bettermemories,betterjudgment,and,oh,yes,longerlives.

“Whenyouloseevenonehourofsleepforanyreason,itinfluencesyourperformancethenextday,”saysDr.AlonAvidan,directoroftheUCLASleepDisordersCenter.

Astudypublishedlastyearfoundthesametobetrueevenofchildren.Whenkidsaged8to12sleptforjustonehourlessforfournights,theydidn'tfunctionaswellduringtheday.

Butsleepinghasanimageproblem.“Weseenappingorsleepingaslazy,”saysJenniferVriend,aclinicalpsychologistinOttawa,Canada,andtheleadingauthorofthestudywithchildren.“Weputsomuchemphasisondiet,nutritionandexercise.Sleepisinthebackseat.Infact,”sheadds,“nomatterhowmuchweworkout,nomatterhowwellweeat,wecan'tbeintopphysicalshapeunlesswealsogetplentyofsleep.”（1）TheunderlinedpartinParagraph1means

.A.

wakingupthesleepers

B.

drawingpeople'sattentionC.

servingasamorningcall

D.

declaringthespecialday（2）FromParagraph3wecaninferthat

.A.

beinghealthierisoneoftheadvantagesforusB.

sleepinghasnothingtodowithone'sexpectationsC.

enoughsleepistheguaranteeoftheappealingthingsD.

spendingmoretimeinsleepingisawasteoftime（3）WhatJenniferVriendsaidinthelastparagraphimpliesthat

.A.

peoplecarelittleaboutsleeping

B.

sleepingisanimageproblemC.

lazypeopletendtosleeplong

D.

sleepingisonlypartofourlife（4）Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.

Totalkaboutpeople'ssleepingproblems.B.

Toprovideaninvestigationresultofsleeping.C.

Tostressthefunctionofsleepingatnight.D.

Toarousetheawarenessofenoughsleep.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，充足的睡眠對我們非常重要,為了引起人們的足夠重視,3月21日被宣布為世界睡眠日。（1）考查詞義猜測。此處指,睡眠專家希望3月21日被宣布為世界睡眠日這件事會引起人們對睡眠的重視。由此可知,awake-upcall含有警鐘的意思。與B項表述的意思相近,故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ontheotherhand,thethoughtofbeingsmarter,thinner,healthierandmorecheerfulhasacertainappeal.”可知,充足的睡眠可以使我們更聰明、更苗條、更健康、更快樂等,這些都是有吸引力的事情。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Weputsomuchemphasisondiet,nutritionandexercise.Sleepisinthebackseat.”可知,人們注重飲食、營養(yǎng)和鍛煉,不很重視睡眠。故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。這篇文章旨在讓人們意識到充足睡眠的重要性,呼吁人們關(guān)注睡眠問題。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及詞義猜測和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Beginninglifeatcollegenaturallydevelopsbothexcitementandanxietyformanyreasons.Forsome,thisfeelingisquicklyovercomeastheyadapttoanewenvironment;forothersthechangetakeslongerandsometimesappearsashomesickness.

Ifyouarehomesick,youmightnoticeanincreasein:

Lowenergyormotivation.

Troublesleeping.

Increases/decreasesinappetite.

Havingdifficultywithschool.

Increaseduseofdrugsoralcohol.

Lackofinterestorinvolvementinnewsurroundings.

CAUSES

Thedistancefromhome—thefartheryougo,theworseitmaybe.

Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.

Youhavefinallyarrivedatcollegeafterworkingtowarditforsolong.

Aheavyworkload.

Studentswhoarehomesickoftenfeeltheyhavenocontrolovertheirenvironment.

WHATMIGHTHELP?

Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind,butalsogiveyourselftimewithintheuniversitytobegintogetinvolvedhere.

Berealisticaboutwhattoexpectfromstudentlifeandfromyourself.Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.

Ifworkisprovingtoodifficult,youmayneedtoimproveyourstudyskillsoryourorganizationoftime.

Remembertogetenoughfoodandsleep!Theseaffectyouemotionallyaswellasphysically.

Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.

Ifyoustopbeingabletodonormalsocialandacademicthings,seekprofessionalhelpeitherfromyouradvisorordeanorthecounselingservice.（1）Whatmightbeasignoffeelinghomesick?A.

Feelinglikequarrelingwithsomeoneelse.B.

Becominginterestedinstudythaneverbefore.C.

Findingfoodorfruitlessattractive.D.

Participatinginalmostallactivitiesincollege.（2）Newcollegestudentsmightbehomesickbecause

.A.

theyareneverfarawayfromtheirparentsB.

theyfeelupsetaboutsomethingunexpectedC.

theysuddenlydonothaveanythingtodoD.

theydonotliketheuniversitytheyarein（3）Whichofthefollowingmeasuresmightbehelpfulforhomesickstudentsaccordingtothetext?A.

Keepingtheiroldfriendsleftbehind.B.

Remindingthemselvestokeepbusyandforgetit.C.

Forcingthemselvestostayintheirdormsonweekends.D.

Goinginforsportswiththeirfriends.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了剛離開家上大學的學生面對新環(huán)境可能遇到的問題和給他們提出的建議。（1）細節(jié)理解題。由原文“Increases/decreasesinappetite.”可知，如果一個人想家，就有可能增加或減少食欲，所以C選項“感覺食物或水果失去吸引力”符合題意，而其他選項“想跟別人吵架”、“對學習比以前更感興趣”和“幾乎參加了大學所有的活動”都不符合題意。所以答案選C。（2）細節(jié)理解題。由原文“Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.”可知，當事情不符合新入學的學生的期望時，他們就會不高興。所以B選項“他們對不符合預(yù)期的事物感到厭煩”符合題意。所以答案選B。（3）推理判斷題。由原文“Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind”可知，要跟留下的人保持聯(lián)系，所以A選項“要一直讓老朋友留下”是不正確的。由原文“Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.”可知，應(yīng)該在工作和休閑之前建立一個平衡，所以B選項“提醒他們自己保持忙碌并忘記想家”是不符合題意的。由原文“Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.”可知，可以通過運動或其他興趣來結(jié)識其他朋友，所以C選項“強迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合題意的，而D選項“跟朋友一起運動”是正確的。所以答案選D。【點評】推斷題型答題技巧。推理是在既有信息的基礎(chǔ)上得出合乎文章內(nèi)容的內(nèi)涵意義，即某一問題、某一觀點沒有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行間，要求通過文中信息分析推出某種符合作者思想、符合文章邏輯的內(nèi)涵意義。推斷則是指通過對文章進行符合邏輯的綜合分析，推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷題推斷得正確與否，很大程度上取決于是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語氣及觀點。4．閱讀理解

Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor;youmustbeabletoholdtheattentionandinterestofyouraudience;youmustbeaclearspeaker,withagood,strong,pleasantvoicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeabletoactwhatyouareteaching,inordertomakeitsmeaningclear.

Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesn'tsitstillbeforehisclass;hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghisarms,handsandfingerstohelphiminhisexplanations,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.

Thereareveryimportantdifferencesbetweentheteacher'sworkandtheactor's.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;hehastorepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart,evenhismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusuallyfixedbeforehand(預(yù)先).Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnaturalonthestage.Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakeanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon'tunderstandanything,theysayso.Theteachercan'tlearnhispartbyheart,butmustinventitashegoesalong.

Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhoarefineactorsinclassbutareunabletotakepartinastage-playbecausetheycan'tkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhaswritten.（1）Fromthepassage,weknow______.A.agoodteachershouldbeagoodactor.B.agoodteachermaybeunabletoactwellonthestage.C.agoodactorshouldbeagoodteacher.D.agoodactormayactwellinclass.（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Agoodteachershouldspeakclearly.B.Agoodteachershouldsitstillbeforehisclassandspeakwithhisbodylanguage.C.Agoodactorshouldspeakasothershaveaskedhimtodo.D.Agoodactorshouldrepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart.（3）Theskillsofagoodteacherare______.A.drawhisstudents'attention.B.changehisvoicewhenneeded.C.actoutwhatheisteaching.D.alltheabove.（4）Thetitle(標題)ofthepassageis______.A.Howtobeagoodteacher.B.Howtobeagoodactor.C.Agoodteacher'sknowledge.D.Agoodactor'sbehavior.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了教師職業(yè)與演員職業(yè)的異同。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhoarefineactorsinclassbutareunabletotakepartinastage-playbecausetheycan'tkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhaswritten.”我認識許多老師，他們在課堂上是很好的演員，但在舞臺劇中卻表演不好，因為他們不能嚴格遵守別人提前寫好的內(nèi)容，可知，一個好老師不一定在表演臺上能表演好。故選B。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesn'tsitstillbeforehisclass;hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching”看一個好老師，你會看到他常常不會靜靜地在教室前邊坐著，他在教授的整節(jié)課上都會站著，可知，一個好老師不應(yīng)該就在班級前坐著，所以選項B描述不正確。故選B。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段可知，要成為一名優(yōu)秀的教師，你需要具備某些好演員的天賦。你必須能hold住觀眾（學生）的注意力和興趣點。語言要清晰，聲音要宏亮、悅耳，而且收放自如。.而且為了讓你所傳授的東西更好地被理解，你應(yīng)該能把你它表演出來。，故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文第一段提出了做一名好老師應(yīng)該具有的天賦，以及通過與演員職業(yè)對比，說明做老師與做演員的差異。文章從前到后都在告訴我們?nèi)绾尾拍艹蔀橐幻美蠋?。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Nowin2019,jazzmusicisanimportantpartofIndianapolis'artculture.JazzclubsaroundthecitystillhostconcertswithlocaljazzmusicianslikeRobDixonandJoelTucker.Oneoftheseclubs,theChatterboxJazzClub,stillhaslivejazzsevennightsaweek.

ButtherealhistoryofjazzinIndyismuchlesssimple.AlongwiththeAvenue'sculture,jazzmusicwasgonefromthestreetsformanyyears.

IndianaAvenuewastheheartofaneighborhoodalongtheWhiteRiver.Itwasacenterforblackmusicandlivestreetmusic.Thewealthyavoidedthisarea.Soitbecameaplacethatpoorerfamilies,includingmanyAfrican-Americanandimmigrant(移民)families,movedto.

JazzprosperedinthemixofAmericanculturesaroundtheAvenueinthe1930sand1940s.Butinthe1950s,thingschanged.Afterthewar,therewereprojectstomakethecitybeautifulandbuildauniversitynearby.Bothoftheseseemedlikegoodchanges.However,thenewuniversityandbuildingscausedpoorerfamiliestohavetoleavethearea.ThisdestroyedtheIndianaAvenuecommunity-andwithit,itsjazzculture.

Aftermanyyears,Indianapolisrememberedthevalueofitsartsandmusicculture.ItbegantobringbacklostculturessuchaslivemusicontheAvenue.Todoso,itbegantomakenewchanges.ThechangesincludedrepairinghistoricareasliketheAvenue.Onceagain,thehighlivingcostsinthesehistoricartsareaspushedlow-incomefamiliesout.

Todaythereareseveralold-stylejazzclubswherefriendscanmeetuptorememberthepastorjustenjoyasummerevening.Itmightseematfirstthatjazzisaliveagain,butthereisasadrealitybehindthesejazzclubs:ModernIndyjazzisonlyashadow(影子)ofthelivelyculturethatwasonceonIndianaAvenue.（1）WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttosayinParagraph1?A.Jazzclubscanmakebigmoney.B.Jazzmusiciansoftenholdconcerts.C.JazzmusicispopularinIndianapolis.D.JazzcultureisjustpartofIndianapolis'culture.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prospered"inParagraph4mean?A.Disappearedquickly.B.Arrivedsoon.C.Recoveredsoon.D.Developedwell.（3）WhatdidIndianapolisdotobringbackitslostculture?A.Itrebuiltsomeoldimportantareas.B.Itinvitedoldjazzmusicianstosinginthecity.C.Iteducatedpeopleaboutthevalueofmusicculture.D.Itsettledlow-incomefamiliesintheIndianaAvenuecommunity,（4）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutmodernIndyjazzistrue?A.Itshomecultureisgone.B.Itsstylesaretootraditional.C.Itshowsthesadnessofthepoor.D.Itisnolongerafavoriteoftheyoung.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，2019年爵士樂仍然是印第安納波利斯藝術(shù)文化的重要組成部分，但是它的本土文化消失了。（1）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Nowin2019,jazzmusicisanimportantpartofIndianapolis'artculture.”現(xiàn)在到了2019年，爵士樂是印第安納波利斯藝術(shù)文化的重要組成部分?？芍?，第一段主要是介紹了爵士樂在印第安納波利斯很受歡迎。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中中的“Butinthe1950s,thingschanged….However,thenewuniversityandbuildingscausedpoorerfamiliestohavetoleavethearea.ThisdestroyedtheIndianaAvenuecommunity-andwithit,itsjazzculture.”但在20世紀50年代，情況發(fā)生了變化?！欢?，新的

大學和建筑使得貧困家庭不得不離開這個地區(qū)。這摧毀了印第安納大道社區(qū)，也隨之摧毀了它的爵士樂文化。可知，轉(zhuǎn)折詞but之后描述了爵士樂的衰落，因此推測出劃線詞prospered意為“興盛、蓬勃發(fā)展”。故選D。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ItbegantobringbacklostculturessuchaslivemusicontheAvenue.Todoso,itbegantomakenewchanges.ThechangesincludedrepairinghistoricareasliketheAvenue.”它開始帶回失落的文化，比如大街上的現(xiàn)場音樂。為此，它開始做出新的改變。這些改變包括修復(fù)像TheAvenue這樣的歷史街區(qū)?？芍亟艘恍┡f的重要區(qū)域。故選A。（4）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itmightseematfirstthatjazzisaliveagain,butthereisasadrealitybehindthesejazzclubs:ModernIndyjazzisonlyashadow(影子)ofthelivelyculturethatwasonceonIndianaAvenue.”乍一看，爵士樂似乎又活了起來，但在這些爵士樂俱樂部背后卻有一個可悲的現(xiàn)實:現(xiàn)代印地安那爵士樂只是曾經(jīng)活躍在印第安納大道上的文化的一個影子?？芍羰繕返谋就廖幕Я?。故選A。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Childrenhavetheirownrulesinplayinggames.Theyseldomneedareferee(裁判)andrarelytroubletokeepscores.Theydon'tcaremuchaboutwhowinsorloses,anditdoesn'tseemtoworrythemifthegameisnotfinished.Yet,theylikegamesthatdependalotonluck,sothattheirpersonalabilitiescannotbedirectlycompared.Theyalsoenjoyedgamesthatmoveinstages,inwhicheachstage,thechoosingofleaders,thepicking-upofsides,orthedeterminingofwhichsideshallstart,isalmostagameinitself.

Grown-upscanhardlyfindchildren'sgameexciting,andtheyoftenfeelpuzzledatwhytheirkidsplaysuchsimplegameagainandagain.However,itisfoundthatachildplaysgamesforveryimportantreasons.Hecanbeagoodplayerwithouthavingtothinkwhetherheisapopularperson,andhecanfindhimselfbeingausefulpartnertosomeoneofwhomheisordinaryafraid.Hebecomesaleaderwhenitcomestohisturn.Hecanbeconfident,too,inparticulargames,thatitishisplacetogiveorders,topretendtobedead,tothrowaballactuallyatsomeone,ortokisssomeonehehascaught.

Itappearstousthatwhenchildrenplayagametheyimagineasituationundertheircontrol.Everyoneknowstherules,andmoreimportantly,everyoneplaysaccordingtotherules.Thoserulesmaybechildish,buttheymakesurethateverychildhasachancetowin.（1）Whatistrueaboutchildrenwhentheyplaygames?A.

Theycanstopplayinganytimetheylike.

B.

Theycantesttheirpersonalabilities.C.

Theywanttopickabetterteam.

D.

Theydon'tneedrules.（2）Tobecomealeaderinagamethechildhasto_________.A.

beausefulpartner

B.

waitforhisturnC.

beconfidentinhimself

D.

bepopularamonghisplaymates（3）Whydoesachildlikeplayinggames?A.

Becausehecanbesomeoneotherthanhimself.B.

Becausehecanbecomepopularamongfriends.C.

Becausehefindsheisalwaysluckyingames.D.

Becausehelikestheplacewhereheplaysagame.（4）Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.

RulesinChildren'sGames

B.

AdvantagesofPlayingGamesforChildrenC.

ReasonsforChildren'sGames

D.

HowtoBeaPopularGamePlayer【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了孩子們在玩游戲時有自己的游戲規(guī)則，他們很少需要裁判，很少去記分．他們喜歡玩取決于運氣的游戲，這樣他們的個人能力就不能直接進行比較了．但是，成年人很難發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們的游戲令人興奮，他們常常對孩子們反復(fù)玩這么簡單的游戲感到困惑。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Childrenhavetheirownrulesinplayinggames．Theyseldomneedareferee（裁判）andrarelytroubletokeepscores．”可知，介紹了孩子們玩游戲的一些特點，比如孩子的游戲有自己的規(guī)則，也不需要裁判，而且可以隨時結(jié)束，故選A。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hebecomesaleaderwhenitcomestohisturn”可知，當輪到他時，他就成了領(lǐng)袖．所以要成為一個游戲的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，孩子必須等待輪到他才行，故選B。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hecanbeagoodplayerwithouthavingtothinkwhetherheisapopularperson，andhecanfindhimselfbeingausefulpartnertosomeoneofwhomheisordinarilyafraid．”可知孩子們喜歡玩游戲的重要原因之一是他們可以在游戲中假裝成別人，選A。（4）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，游戲在孩子們的生活中是必不可少的．他們無需裁判，也很少計分，他們甚至不在乎輸贏．盡管在成年人眼里這些游戲非常簡單，枯燥．但是孩子們對此卻是樂此不疲．作者認為通過游戲，孩子們學會了遵守規(guī)則，可知選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

There'saworldofdifferencebetweenahorrormovieandacomedy—theformerscaresyouhalftodeathwhilethelatterleavesyourollingonthefloorwithlaughter.Buttrywatchingthemwithoutthebackgroundmusicandyoujustmightdecidethey'renotsodifferentafterall.Musicandmovieshavebeencloselyconnectedsincethebeginningofthefilmindustry—evenbeforethevoicesofactorswererecorded.Inmovies,musichelpstoprovideasenseoftimeandplace,conveyideasaboutthecharactersand,mostimportantly,drawemotionsoutoftheaudience.

Studieshavelongshownthatourheartratesandanxietylevelsriseandfalldependingonthespeedofthemusicwehear.Usingthisknowledge,composersusesuddenchangesinfilmmusicspeedtocreatefearamongaudiences.Slowingthespeedofthemusicwillhavetheoppositeeffect,bringingaboutasenseofpeaceoradreamlikequality.Theuseofdissonant(不和諧的)tonesandnoisesisanothertechniquethatheightenstension.Humansnaturallybecomeunnervedwhenweheardissonantsoundsbecausesuchnoisesareusuallyassociatedwithdanger,likethosethatanimalsmaketowarnagainstpredators(捕食者).

Ascrucialasitis,thebestfilmmusicissubtle.Allthataudiencesaresupposedtofeelisaheightenedsenseofemotion—theyshouldn'trealizewhat'scausingit.Onlywhenthemusicistakenoutofthefilmshouldaudiencesunderstanditseffects.

Inkeepingwiththisprinciple,somefilmmakersareevenusingwhat'scalled"infrasound"(次聲波)toarousefear.Whilewemaynotbeabletohearitbecauseitsfrequencyisbelowtherangeofthehumanear,infrasoundhasbeenproventocauseanxiety,trembleandevensorrow.Forexample,infrasoundwasusedinthesoundtrackofthe2007horrormovieParanormalActivity,andaudiencesreposedextremelyhighfearlevelsdespitethe1ackofactionthroughoutthemovie."Itdoesn'taffecteveryoneequally,"saidBritishsciencewriterPhilipBall,authorofTheMusicInstinct,buthepredictedthat"wewillseemoreofitusedinmoviesinthefuture".（1）Whatisthedifferencebetweenahorrormovieandacomedy?A.

Theirhistory.

B.

Theirbackgroundmusic.

C.

Theiractors.

D.

Theirtimeandplace.（2）Whatcausesfearamongaudiences?A.

Thethemeofthemusic.

B.

Theslowspeedofthetangle.C.

Theknowledgeofthemusic.

D.

Theunexpectedchangeofthemusic.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"subtle"inthethirdparagraphmean?A.

Gentle

B.

Wonderful

C.

Notimmediatelyobvious

D.

Notextremelyattractive（4）Whatdoweknowabout"infrasound"fromthelastparagraph?A.

Itcan'tbeknowntopeople.B.

Itmakesaudiencesrelaxed.C.

Itiswithintherangeofthehumanear.D.

Itwillbeusedmoreinmoviesinthefuture.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，電影和音樂的關(guān)系密切，音樂對于電影影響重大，作者說明了電影制作者如何用音樂來渲染氣氛。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Buttrywatchingthemwithoutthebackgroundmusicandyoujustmightdecidethey'renotsodifferentafterall."可知，但是試著在沒有背景音樂的情況下看它們，你可能會覺得它們并沒有什么不同。所以通過反向推理，要是有了背景音樂，恐怖電影和喜劇電影就截然不同了。故判斷出恐怖電影和喜劇電影的區(qū)別在于他們的背景音樂。故選B。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Usingthisknowledge,composersusesuddenchangesinfilmmusicspeedtocreatefearamongaudiences."可知，利用這一知識，作曲家利用電影音樂速度的突然變化在觀眾中制造恐懼。所以音樂的突然變化會使觀眾恐懼。故選D。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的"Allthataudiencesaresupposedtofeelisaheightenedsenseofemotion—theyshouldn'trealizewhat'scausingit.Onlywhenthemusicistakenoutofthefilmshouldaudiencesunderstanditseffects."可知，觀眾應(yīng)該感受到的只是一種強烈的情感——他們不應(yīng)該意識到是什么導(dǎo)致了這種情感。只有當音樂被從電影中刪除時，觀眾才能理解它的影響。所以這段在解釋最好的電影音樂是不易被觀眾察覺的音樂。也就是對"subtle"的解釋。故第三段加下劃線的"subtle"一詞是C選項“不明顯的”。故選C。（4）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"buthepredictedthat"wewillseemoreofitusedinmoviesinthefuture"可知，但他預(yù)測“我們將來會看到更多的電影會使用它”。所以從最后一段可知，"infrasound"將在未來的電影中被更多地使用。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

FoodfestivalsareacommonoccurrenceintheUKandtakeplaceinallsortsofplacesandatallsortsoftimes.Whateveryourtaste,there'safoodfestivaltomatch-nomatterhowspecialized.

Meatopia

Thisthree-day,London-basedfestivaltakesplaceattheendofAugustandisameatlover'sparadise.Inadditiontoarangeofmeatproducts,fromburgerstosteaks,attendeescanlistentolivemusic,watchbutcheryshows,andattendinformalmeat-basedworkshops.

Vegfest

Ifyoupreferafestivalthatwillhelpyoumeetyourfiveaday,thenVegfestfestisforyou.Thisvegan-friendlyeventtakesplaceseveraltimesayear.Hereyoucanenjoyawideselectionoffreshlypreparedvegetables,learncookingtipsandheartalksonnutritiontohelpyoumakethemostofyourplant-basedsearch.

TheMarmaladeFestival

HeldinCumbria,thisfestivalhasbeenrunningfor13years.Itincludesacompetitiontofindthebesthomemademarmalade.Therearethousandsofentriesfromover30differentcountriesacrosstheglobe.

TheGinger(姜)andspiceFestival

TheGingerandspiceFestival,heldinMarketDrayton,celebratesitstown'shistoricconnectiontoRobertClive,whoreturnedfromIndiawithginger.Becauseofthis,theyspecializeinbakinggingerbread,butalsosellarangeofspicesfrommildtohot.

TheNationalHoneyshow

Itstartedin1921andisthelargesteventofitskind.Thisthree-dayeventattractsover2000participantstotheirtraditionalcompetitionandofferslecturesandworkshopsonbeekeepingand,ofcourse,thatsyrupygoldenhoney.

Whilepeople'stastesaredifferentfromeachother,theUKhassomethingtooffermostpeople.Fromlarge-scalefestivities,tothesmallergatherings,onethingiscertain:peoplearepassionateabouttheirfood.Andwhilesomeoftheproductsonoffermightbestrangetosomeone,wh