九年級上冊英語單元核心素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)卷仁愛科普版Unit4AmazingScience本試卷共10頁，滿分120分，考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1．答卷前、考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3．非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，請將試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）Sometimesdreamsaresurprisinglyuseful.Hereisastoryabouthowadreamhelpedsolveadifficultproblem.DoyouknowEliasHowe?You1haveneverheardofhim.Butyoumustknowthesewing(縫紉)machine.Yes,hewasthe2.Andthesewingmachineisalso3usedthroughouttheworldnow.Beforethesewingmachinewasinvented,sewingbyhandwashardwork.EliasHowe4todesignamachinetomakethesewingeasyandquick.5hemadesomeprogress,hemetaproblem.Itseemed6togetthethread(線)torunaroundtheneedle(針)withoutanyproblems.Oneday,hewastired,andsleptbadly.Thenhehadadream.Inthedreamhewas7byaking.Thekingorderedhimtobuildaperfectsewingmachine,8hewouldbekilled.Whenhetriedtodoso,Howemetthesameproblem.Thekingwasso9thatheorderedhissoldierstokillHowewithaspear(長矛).Justbeforethespearsstucktohisbody,10henoticedsomething.Therewasaholeinthetip(尖端)ofthespear.Howewokeupfromthedream.Andhe11thathefoundthewaytosolvetheproblem,heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholeinthetipoftheneedleinsteadof12thethreadtorunaroundtheneedle.AsimpleideafinallycameintoHowe’smind.13,heinventedthefirstsewingmachine.LikeHowe,manyscientistsfoundthewaytosolvetheirproblems14thisway.ThomasEdisonsaidhisbest15cameintohimindreams.SodidAlbertEinstein.1．A．can B．may C．must2．A．inventor B．composer C．musician3．A．exactly B．totally C．widely4．A．decided B．chose C．made5．A．Because B．Until C．Although6．A．impossible B．impolite C．uncomfortable7．A．praised B．honored C．caught8．A．or B．a(chǎn)nd C．so9．A．sad B．a(chǎn)ngry C．happy10．A．suddenly B．however C．immediately11．A．researched B．realized C．a(chǎn)chieved12．A．get B．got C．getting13．A．Asusual B．Asaresult C．Forinstance14．A．on B．in C．for15．A．method B．ideas C．thoughts二、閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀以下三篇短文，從每小題所給的四個選項中，選出一個與短文內(nèi)容相符的最佳選項。AThethirdChinaInternationalImportExpowasheldfromNov.5to10inShanghai.Morethan2,600companiesgatheredandshowedtheiradvancedproducts.Let’shavealookatsomeofthem.Portable(便攜式的)kayak(皮劃艇)①Aportable,18-kilogram“backpack”,madebyDecathlon,aFrenchsportsgoodsgroup,canbechangedintoakayakwhenfilledwithair.Thesafe,lightweightITIWITX500Kayakmakeskayakracing,anextremesport,knowntocommonpeople.Itincludesfive“airchambers(氣囊)”,soeveniftwoofthemdon’twork,theinflatablekayakwillhelppassengersreturntolandsafely.QuickcoronavirustestmachineNucleicacid(核酸)testingcouldbefasterinthefuture.②KingFisherApex,madebytheFinnishtechcompanyThermoFisherScientific,cansaveresearchers’timespentonadditionalsteps,makingnucleicacidtestingfaster.Itusesaspecialtechnologytomoveotherobjectsawayfromsamplestomakesurethatthetestresultsarequiteright.Also,withit,doctorsandnursesneedn’tdothedangerousworkofcollectingpeople’snucleicacidsamples,sothesystemgreatlyreducestheirriskoftouchingharmfulsamples.Myopic(近視)preventionglassesHerecomesalifesaverforteenagerswithpooreyesight—amyopiccontrollens.Whetherit’saclassroomblackboardoratablet,anoutdooractivityoramobilephonegame,thelensfromEssilor,aFrenchcompany,keepthesamecontroleffect,withchangeableviewingangles(角度)andclearsight.Aftermorethantwoyearsofhardresearch,theresultsshowthattheStellestlenshaveagreatinfluenceonslowingdownmyopiaprogressioninchildrenbyslowingdowntheincreaseofeyeaxes(軸).16．Howmany“airchambers”doesaportablekayakhave?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.17．Wheredoesthecompanythatmadethequicknucleicacidtestmachinecomefrom?A．China. B．France. C．Finland. D．America.18．WhycanKingFisherApexreducetheriskofdoctorsandnurses’touchingharmfulsamples?A．Becauseitcanhelpsavetheirtime. B．Becauseitdoesthedangerouswork.C．Becauseitusesaspecialtechnology. D．Becauseitmakesthetestresultsright.19．WhatcanweknowabouttheStellestlens?A．Theycanslowdownchildren’smyopicprogression.B．Theycanincreasechildren’seyeaxes.C．Theycangreatlysaveteenagers’lives.D．Theycancontrolpeople’smyopicprogressioncompletely.20．Whatmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?A．ExtremeSports B．AdvancedProductsC．MyopicPreventionGlasses D．TheNucleicAcidTestingMachineBWorkagainstthecoldChinesescientistsresearchinAntarctica風(fēng)雪中的艱辛：他在南極研究氣候Inthewhite,icyworldofAntarctica(南極),Chinesescientistsworkedhardinthefreezingcoldtodoresearch.OnApril10,thecountry’s40thAntarcticscientificexpedition(考察)teamreturnedhomeafterfinishingtheirtasks.“OurmainjobsinAntarcticaweretowatchtheweatherandtobuildweatherstations,”saidZhuKongju.The33-year-oldwasamemberoftheexpeditionteamandisanengineerattheChineseAcademyofMeteorologicalSciences(CAMS,中國氣象科學(xué)研究院).Zhuandhisteammatesdidtestsongreenhousegasesandtheozone(臭氧層)inAntarctica.Theywantedtoseehowclimatechangeisaffecting(影響)thearea.Theyalsosetuptwoweatherstationsthatcanworkinextremely(極度地)coldconditionsandfixedtheonesalreadythere,increasingtheareatheycouldwatch.ThehardestpartofworkinginAntarcticawasdealingwith“surprises”fromtheweather,Zhusaid.uTheytraveledandmovedsupplies(物資)everydayusingsnowmobiles(雪地摩托)andsleds(雪橇).“Oneday,becauseofabigsnowstorm,wecouldbarelyseethreemetersahead,andifweleftthesnowmobile,we’dgetlostrightaway.Wehadtoyellthroughtheintercom(對講機(jī))anduseGPStotelleachotherwherewewere,”hesaid.“Ittookusfourhoursthatdayjusttogetthesnowmobilesparkedtogether.”Althoughtheworkwasverytough,thescientistsmanagedtocollectimportantdata(數(shù)據(jù))fortheirresearch.“Thefrozen(冰凍的)partsofEartharereallyimportantfortheworld’senergyandwater.Antarcticaisabigplayerintheworld’sclimate,”Zhusaid.Eventhoughfewpeoplelivethere,itsweatherchangesalotwiththeworld’sclimate,whichmakesitakeyplacetostudyclimatechange.HaoFeifeicontributedtothisstory.Choosetheanswer:21．WhatwasthemaintaskofZhu’steaminAntarctica?A．Doingexperimentsonoceanlife.B．Buildingweatherstationsanddoingweatherobservations.C．Collectingsamplesofgreenhousegases.D．Testingnewtechnologiesinextremecoldconditions.22．WhatwastheirbiggestchallengeinAntarctica?A．Thelackofspacetoparksnowmobiles.B．Thelackoftransportation.C．Havinglimitedfoodandwater.D．Theunpredictableweatherconditions.23．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tough”mean?A．Risky. B．Busy. C．Hard. D．Simple.24．WhyisAntarcticaconsideredanimportantareaforresearch?A．Becausetherearenopeoplelivingthere.B．BecauseAntarcticaplaysanimportantroleintheworld’sclimate.C．Becauseit’stheonlyplacetocollectimportantclimatedata.D．Becauseitishometouniquespeciesofplantsandanimals.25．Whichpartisnotincludedinthepassage?A．TheorganizationoftheAntarcticscientificexpedition.B．ThedifficultiesoftheAntarcticscientificexpedition.C．ThetasksoftheAntarcticscientificexpedition.D．TheimportanceoftheAntarcticscientificexpedition.CWuxiCityineasternChina’sJiangsuProvinceisknownasthe“Homeoftheerhu”becauseitisthebirthplaceofmanyerhumasters.LookingaroundWuxi,youcanoftenhearthebeautifulsoundoftheerhu.Theerhuwascalledthehuqinatfirst,amusicalinstrumentofethnic(種族的)groupsinnorthernChina,anditdatesmorethanathousandyearsbacktotheTangDynasty.Inmoderntimes,withthedevelopmentofoperas,thehuqinwasrenamedtheerhuanditslowlyspreadthroughoutChina.TheerhuplaysaleadingroleinmanyChinesefolkorchestras(管弦樂隊)justastheviolindoesinWesternorchestras.Theyarebothmadeupofabody,abridge,strings(弦)andabow(弓).Theperformerusuallyholdstheerhustraightlyontheleg,▲andpressingthestringswithhisfingers,whiledrawingthebowwithhisrighthand.Asthebowrunsagainstthestringsandtouchesandshakesthem,beautifulmusiccomes.Notlimited(限制)byjusttwostrings,agoodplayercangivetheerhuamazingemotionalexpressions.Itcanpresentbothsoft,lovelysongsandsadmusic.Sometimesitgivesahumancryingvoice,andsometimesagreathorse-runningsound.Today,asafolkinstrument,theerhuhasbeenusedmorewidelybycommunicatingwithWesternmusicalinstruments.Inmanyinternationalconcerts,theerhucanbeseenplayingwithdifferentWesterninstruments,suchasthepiano,violinandguitar.Thisperformanceformnotonlyaddsnewpossibilitiestomusiccreation,butalsobringsricherenjoymenttothelisteners.26．WhyisWuxiknownasthe“Homeoftheerhu”?A．Becauseitisthebirthplaceofmanyerhumasters.B．Becausewecanhearthebeautifulsoundoftheerhuthere.C．Becausetheerhuwasinventedthere.D．Becauseithasalonghistoryofplayingtheerhu.27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)eading”inParagraph2mean?A．Verycommon. B．Verystrange. C．Veryinteresting. D．Veryimportant.28．Whichwordscanbeputintothe“▲”inParagraph3?A．Showingbeautifulsounds B．SpreadingaroundtheworldC．Holdingtheneckwithhislefthand D．PlayingwithWesterninstruments29．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Thehuqinisdifferentfromtheerhu.B．Theerhuhasahistoryofover1,000years.C．Wecan’tseetheerhuinanyinternationalconcerts.D．Theerhuismadeupofabody,abridgeandstrings.30．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．TheintroductiontoWuxi. B．ChineseandWesternorchestras.C．Theintroductiontotheerhu. D．Internationalconcerts.第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的A~F六個句子中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項，使短文內(nèi)容完整、正確。選項中有一個多余選項。The15thChinaInternationalAviationandAerospaceExhibition(航空航天展覽)washeldinZhuhai,GuangdongProvinceonNovember12,2024.31ManyvisitorsfromallovertheworldcametoZhuhaitoseetheairshow.32Fromthenon,ithasbecomeaveryimportantinternationalevent.ItisheldeverytwoyearsinZhuhai.Attheairshow,peoplecanseeamazingaircraft(飛行器)andlearnaboutthelatesttechnologyinaviation.OneofthemostexcitingpartsoftheZhuhaiAirshowwastheflightperformances.33Theseperformanceswerenotonlyfuntowatch,butalsoshowedthegreatabilitiesofmodernplanes.34Thecompanies(公司)fromaroundtheworldcameheretotradeorlookfortheirbusinesspartners.Manystudentsandfamiliesattendedandenjoyedtheairshow.Theythoughtitwasagreatchancetolearnmoreaboutaviationandaerospace.35Itcouldhelpthestudentsintheirfuturejobs.Atthesametime,italsoencouragedyoungpeopletoexplore(探索)intheaviationandaerospacefields.A．ItisChina’slargestairshow.B．Thepilotsperformedexcellentflyingskills.C．ThefirstZhuhaiAirshowtookplacein1996.D．Theycouldalsotalktosomeengineersandpilots.E．TheZhuhaiAirshowwasalsoanimportantbusinessevent.F．ManypeoplewatchedthewonderfulairshowonTVathome.三、詞匯應(yīng)用（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）36．Theoldbridgeinmyhometownisgoingto(rebuild)nextmonth.37．High-speedtrainisagreat(invent)tohelppeopletraveleasilybetweenbigcities.38．It(cover)liveonBeijingTVandBeijingRadio&TelevisionNetwork.39．Lilydrewseveralcircles(mark)someimportantpointsinthenotebook.40．Themorecarefulyouare,themore(success)theworkwillbedone.41．Michealbecamean(電子的)engineerwhenhewastwentyfiveyearsold.42．Themandidagreatjobintraditionalartclay.Hewas(采訪)onTVandthathelpedmorepeoplelearnabouthim.43．Whenandwherewilltheresultbe(報道)live?44．Hethinks(掌握)asecondforeignlanguageisveryuseful.45．Somepeoplebelievethattraditionalbankswillbe(取代)byonlineonessoon.四、完成句子（本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）46．上周，李華被邀請參加學(xué)校的旅游知識競賽。Lastweek,LiHuatojoininatravelquizshowatschool.47．愛麗絲及時阻止了狐貍。野兔得救了，開心地蹦跳離開了。ThefoxbyAliceintime.Therabbitwassafeandhoppedawayhappily.48．京杭大運(yùn)河是在不同地區(qū)、不同朝代分段修建而成的。TheGrandCanalsectionbysectionindifferentareasanddynasties.49．卡拉更喜歡那種帶給她思考的電影。Carlaprefersmovieshersomethingtothinkabout.50．那位老太太很有表演天賦，在昨天的義演上受到了人們的注意。Theoldladythatsheatyesterday’scharityshow.五、短文選詞填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。one

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showChinaannouncedthenamesofitsmanned(載人的)moonlanderandnewcrewspaceshiponFebruary24,2024.AccordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency,themoonlanderisnamedLanyue.Itfirst51inapoemwrittenbythelateChairmanMaoZedongin1965.Theword“Lanyue”pointsouttheChinese52confidenceintheirexplorationoftheuniverseandjourneytothemoon.ThenameofthenewcrewspaceshipisMengzhou.Thename53itsresponsibilityofachievingtheChinesenation’sdreamoflandingonthemoontostarta54journeyofspaceadventure.Thenameswere55byagroupofexpertsfromnearly2,000namesprovidedbythepublic.TherewillbetwomodelsoftheMengzhouspaceship.56willbeusedtotransportastronautstothemoonandtheotherwillreplacethepresentspaceshipShenzhoutocarryastronauts57EarthandtheTiangongspacestation.TheMengzhouspaceshipwillbenearly958longandweigh22tons.TheLanyuemoonlanderwillhavetwobasicparts—alandingpartandapropulsion(推進(jìn))part,andwillweighnearly26tons.It59carrytwoastronautsanda200-kilogramrover(月球車).Now,theresearchanddevelopmentoftheLanyueandtheMengzhouareprogressing60withthehelpofexperts.六、短文語法填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給漢語注釋寫出單詞的正確形式(每空一詞)。Paperwasfirstcreatedabout2.000yearsagoinChina.Afterits61(發(fā)明),peoplestartedtowriteonpapertomakebooks.In62(那些)days,bookswereonly63(生產(chǎn))oneatatimebyhand.Asaresult,therewerenotmanybooksandtheywereexpensive.So,64(很少的)peoplehadthechancetolearntoread.PrintingwasinventedinChinaduringtheSuiandTangDynasties.Laterdevelopmentsinprintingmadeitpossibletoproducebooksmorequicklyand65(便宜地).Atradeinbooksresulted,andmorepeoplelearnttoread.66(知識)andideas67(傳播)fasterthaneverbefore.Inaway,wecancomparetheinventionofpaperandprintingtotheintroductionoftheInternetinthe68(第二十)century.AlthoughtheInternetisstill69(年輕的),itisgrowingveryfast,andmaybecomemuchmorepowerfulthanprinting.ComputersandtheInternetare70

(使用)inclassroomsnow,andnewspapersandmagazinesarealreadyreadonline.Sowhatdirectionwilltraditionalprintingtakeinthefuture?WillbooksbereplacedbytheInternet?Let’swaitandsee.七、讀寫結(jié)合（共兩節(jié)，滿分25分）第一節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）Areelectriccars(電車)goodfortheEarth?Manyofuswouldprobablysayyes.ButRobertSansoneknowstheanswerisn’tthatsimple.Sansoneiscalledanatural-bornengineer.Itisnotsurprisingifyouknowthe17-year-oldhascompletednearly60engineeringprojects.Acoupleofyearsago,Sansonewatchedavideoabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofelectriccars.Thevideoexplainedhowthemotors(發(fā)動機(jī))ofthesecarsaremade.Mostofthemuserare-earthmetals(稀土金屬).Thesematerialsareveryexpensive.Evenworse,theyareoftencollectedinwaysthatareharmfultotheEarth.“Mustweusethesemetals?Isthereamoreenvironmentally-friendlyway?”Sansonethought.Hehadheardofthesynchronousreluctancemotor(同步電動機(jī))before.Butitsperformanceshouldbeimproved.Overthefollowingyear,Sansoneputonedesignafteranothertothetest.Thingsdidn’tgowellatfirst.Hefailedfourteentimesbeforecomingupwithaworkingmodel.Themodelisabout40%morepowerfulthanatraditionalone.Anditdoesn’tuserare-earthmetals.TheseeffortshavehelpedSansonewinabigaward.Hetookpartinthisyear’sRegeneronInternationalScienceandEngineeringFair(大獎賽)withhismotor.It’stheworld’slargestpre-collegesciencecompetition.Hestoodoutfrommorethan1,800competitorstowinfirstprize.Sansone,however,isn’tyetdonewithhisinventionbecauseitisfarfromperfect.Itisdifficulttomake.Thismeansit’shardtobecomewidelyused.SoSansonehascontinuedtoimproveandtesthismotor.HopefullySansone’sdesignwillcompletelychangetheelectriccarindustryoneday.71．HowmanyengineeringprojectshasSansonecompletedattheageof17?72．Arerare-earthmetalsexpensive?73．Whatistheworld’slargestpre-collegesciencecompetition?74．WhatprizedidSansonewininthesciencecompetition?75．Whyisn’tSansonedonewithhisinventionyet?第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（共1題，滿分15分）76．發(fā)明無處不在，各種各樣的發(fā)明(如computers,robots,Internet……)不斷地改變著我們的生活。什么發(fā)明改變了你的生活？請以“The________HasChangedMyLife”為題，用英語寫一篇短文，談?wù)勥@個發(fā)明物是怎樣改變你生活的。要求：1.用適當(dāng)?shù)陌l(fā)明物補(bǔ)全題目，寫一篇短文，詞數(shù)不少于80個；2.語言流暢，書寫規(guī)范，卷面整潔；3.文中不得使用真實姓名，校名。The________HasChangedMyLifeInventionsarearoundus.Amongtheinventions,參考答案及試題解析1．B2．A3．C4．A5．C6．A7．C8．A9．B10．A11．B12．C13．B14．B15．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了伊萊亞斯·豪如何通過一個夢解決了縫紉機(jī)設(shè)計中的難題，從而發(fā)明了第一臺縫紉機(jī)的故事。1．句意：你可能從未聽說過他。can能夠；may可能；must必須。由“You...haveneverheardofhim”可知，你也許聽過，也許沒聽過，此空表示可能性。故選B。2．句意：是的，他就是發(fā)明者。inventor發(fā)明者；composer作曲家；musician音樂家。由“Butyoumustknowthesewing(縫紉)machine.”可知，他是縫紉機(jī)的發(fā)明者。故選A。3．句意：而且現(xiàn)在縫紉機(jī)在全世界被廣泛使用。exactly確切地；totally完全地；widely廣泛地。由“usedthroughouttheworld”可知，縫紉機(jī)被廣泛使用。故選C。4．句意：伊萊亞斯·豪決定設(shè)計一種機(jī)器，使縫紉變得輕松快捷。decided決定；chose選擇；made制作。由“sewingbyhandwashardwork”可知，手工縫紉很辛苦，由“todesignamachinetomakethesewingeasyandquick.”可知，使縫紉變得輕松快捷是他的決定。故選A。5．句意：盡管他取得了一些進(jìn)展，但他遇到了一個問題。Because因為；Until直到；Although盡管。由“hemadesomeprogress”可知，他取得了進(jìn)步，由“hemetaproblem”可知，他到了問題，二者是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。6．句意：似乎不可能讓線毫無問題地繞著針運(yùn)行。impossible不可能的；impolite不禮貌的；uncomfortable不舒服的。由“hemetaproblem”可知，他遇到了問題，由“getthethread(線)torunaroundtheneedle”可知，他遇到的問題是不可能讓線毫無問題地繞著針運(yùn)行。故選A。7．句意：在夢中，他被一個國王抓住了。praised贊揚(yáng)；honored尊敬；caught抓住。由下文“hewouldbekilled”可知，他可能被殺死說明被抓住了。故選C。8．句意：國王命令他制造一臺完美的縫紉機(jī)，否則他就會被殺死。or否則；and并且；so所以。由“Thekingorderedhimtobuildaperfectsewingmachine...hewouldbekilled.”可知，國王命令他制造一臺完美的縫紉機(jī)，造不出來就殺死他，此處用“or”引出一種否定的結(jié)果或后果。故選A。9．句意：國王非常生氣，以至于他命令他的士兵用長矛殺死豪。sad悲傷的；angry生氣的；happy高興的。由“Whenhetriedtodoso,Howemetthesameproblem.”可知，他遇到了問題，沒有制造出完美的縫紉機(jī)，國王很生氣。故選B。10．句意：就在長矛刺向他的身體之前，他突然注意到了一些東西。suddenly突然地；however然而；immediately立即。由“Justbeforethespearsstucktohisbody”可知，在長矛刺向他之前，他突然注意到了什么，這是猛然發(fā)生的。故選A。11．句意：他意識到他找到了解決問題的方法，他應(yīng)該讓線穿過針尖端的一個小孔，而不是讓線繞著針運(yùn)行。researched研究；realized意識到；achieved實現(xiàn)。由“hefoundthewaytosolvetheproblem”可知，找到了解決問題的方法是他意識到的。故選B。12．句意：他意識到他找到了解決問題的方法，他應(yīng)該讓線穿過針尖端的一個小孔，而不是讓線繞著針運(yùn)行。get得到，動詞原形；got得到，過去式；getting得到，動名詞。由“of”可知，“of”是介詞，其后接動名詞。故選C。13．句意：結(jié)果，他發(fā)明了第一臺縫紉機(jī)。Asusual像往常一樣；Asaresult結(jié)果；Forinstance例如。由“heinventedthefirstsewingmachine”可知，他發(fā)明了第一臺縫紉機(jī)是經(jīng)歷重重困難之后的結(jié)果。故選B。14．句意：像豪一樣，許多科學(xué)家也以這種方式找到了解決問題的方法。on在……上；in在……里；for為了。由“solvetheirproblems...thisway”可知，用這種方法解決問題，inthisway表示“用這種方法”。故選B。15．句意：托馬斯·愛迪生說他最好的主意是在夢中出現(xiàn)的。method方法；ideas主意，表示新的、創(chuàng)造性的概念；thoughts想法，表示思考、思維的過程或結(jié)果。由“ThomasEdison...cameintohimindreams”可知，愛迪生是科學(xué)家，他的很多創(chuàng)造性的思想來自夢中。故選B。16．D17．C18．B19．A20．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了上海進(jìn)口博覽會上的三種黑科技產(chǎn)品。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itincludesfive‘a(chǎn)irchambers(氣囊)’,soeveniftwoofthemdon’twork,theinflatablekayakwillhelppassengersreturntolandsafely.”可知，它包含五個“氣囊”。故選D。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“…madebytheFinnishtechcompanyThermoFisherScientific,”可知，這個機(jī)器是由一家芬蘭科技公司制作的，故選C。18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Also,withit,doctorsandnursesneedn’tdothedangerousworkofcollectingpeople’snucleicacidsamples,sothesystemgreatlyreducestheirriskoftouchingharmfulsamples.”可知，這個機(jī)器替醫(yī)生和護(hù)士做了危險的工作（采集核酸樣本），因此它極大地降低了他們接觸有害樣本的危險，故選B。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Aftermorethantwoyearsofhardresearch,theresultsshowthattheStellestlenshaveagreatinfluenceonslowingdownmyopiaprogressioninchildrenbyslowingdowntheincreaseofeyeaxes(軸).”可推知，通過減緩眼軸的增加速度，該產(chǎn)品在減緩孩子們的近視進(jìn)程方面有很大效果，即該產(chǎn)品可以減緩孩子們的近視，故選A。20．最佳標(biāo)題題。結(jié)合全文，尤其是第一段中的“Morethan2,600companiesgatheredandshowedtheiradvancedproducts.Let’shavealookatsomeofthem.”可知，本文是講述幾種進(jìn)口博覽會上的先進(jìn)產(chǎn)品，因此B項作為標(biāo)題最佳。故選B。21．B22．D23．C24．B25．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，報道了中國第40次南極科考隊的任務(wù)與挑戰(zhàn)?？茖W(xué)家們在極寒環(huán)境中建立氣象站、監(jiān)測溫室氣體和臭氧層，以研究氣候變化對南極的影響。盡管暴風(fēng)雪等極端天氣增加了工作難度，團(tuán)隊仍成功收集關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)，凸顯南極作為全球氣候研究核心區(qū)域的重要性，并贊揚(yáng)了科研人員在艱苦條件下的奉獻(xiàn)精神。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OurmainjobsinAntarcticaweretowatchtheweatherandtobuildweatherstations”可知，團(tuán)隊的主要任務(wù)是氣象觀測和建立氣象站，故選B。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thehardestpart...wasdealingwith‘surprises’fromtheweather”和以暴風(fēng)雪導(dǎo)致能見度極低為例，說明不可預(yù)測的天氣是最大挑戰(zhàn)，故選D。23．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“couldbarelyseethreemetersahead”可知，科學(xué)家們在極寒和惡劣天氣中堅持工作，且最終完成研究，說明工作很艱難，故選C。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Antarcticaisabigplayerintheworld’sclimate...akeyplacetostudyclimatechange”可知，南極洲在世界氣候中扮演著重要的角色，故選B。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合全文可知，文章提及了團(tuán)隊任務(wù)、遇到的困難和研究的重要性，但未涉及科考隊的組織架構(gòu)，故選A。26．A27．D28．C29．B30．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國江蘇省無錫市作為二胡的發(fā)源地，以及二胡的歷史、結(jié)構(gòu)和在現(xiàn)代音樂中的應(yīng)用。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第1段“WuxiCityineasternChina’sJiangsuProvinceisknownasthe‘Homeoftheerhu’becauseitisthebirthplaceofmanyerhumasters.”可知，無錫被稱為“二胡之鄉(xiāng)”是因為它是許多二胡大師的出生地。故選A。27．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第2段“TheerhuplaysaleadingroleinmanyChinesefolkorchestras(管弦樂隊)justastheviolindoesinWesternorchestras”可知，二胡在中國民間管弦樂隊中扮演著重要的角色，就像小提琴在西方管弦樂隊中一樣。因此，“l(fā)eading”意為“非常重要的”。故選D。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第3段“Theperformerusuallyholdstheerhustraightlyontheleg,...andpressingthestringswithhisfingers,whiledrawingthebowwithhisrighthand.”可知，演奏者通常將二胡直立放在腿上，左手按住琴弦，右手拉弓，此處介紹拉二胡的動作，C項“用左手按住琴頸”符合語境。故選C。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第1段“Theerhuwascalledthehuqinatfirst,amusicalinstrumentofethnicgroupsinnorthernChina,anditdatesmorethanathousandyearsbacktotheTangDynasty.”可知，二胡最初被稱為胡琴，距今已有1000多年的歷史，可追溯到唐朝。故選B。30．主旨大意題。全文主要介紹了二胡的歷史、結(jié)構(gòu)及其在現(xiàn)代音樂中的應(yīng)用，因此文章的主旨是對二胡的介紹。故選C。31．A32．C33．B34．E35．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了第15屆中國國際航空航天展覽會在珠海的舉辦情況。涵蓋了展覽會的歷史、重要性、飛行表演、商業(yè)活動以及學(xué)生和家庭的參與等方面。31．根據(jù)“ManyvisitorsfromallovertheworldcametoZhuhaitoseetheairshow.”可知，此處在介紹展覽會的規(guī)模。選項A“這是中國最大的航展?！狈险Z境。故選A。32．根據(jù)“Fromthenon,ithasbecomeaveryimportantinternationalevent.”可知，此處在介紹航展的起始年份，選項C“第一屆珠海航展于1996年舉行?！狈险Z境。故選C。33．根據(jù)“OneofthemostexcitingpartsoftheZhuhaiAirshowwastheflightperformances.”可知，此處在介紹珠海航展飛行員們的表現(xiàn)，選項B“飛行員們展示了出色的飛行技能?！狈险Z境，故選B。34．根據(jù)“Thecompaniesfromaroundtheworldcameheretotradeorlookfortheirbusinesspartners.”可知，此處在介紹珠海航展的商業(yè)活動，選項E“珠海航展也是一次重要的商業(yè)活動?！狈险Z境。故選E。35．根據(jù)“Itcouldhelpthestudentsintheirfuturejobs.”可知，此處在介紹航展的幫助。選項D“他們還可以與一些工程師和飛行員交談。”符合語境，故選D。36．berebuilt【解析】句意：下個月我家鄉(xiāng)的那座舊橋?qū)⒈恢亟ā８鶕?jù)“Theoldbridgeinmyhometownisgoingto…nextmonth.”及提示詞可知，此處表達(dá)那座舊橋?qū)⒈恢亟?，begoingtodosth.“打算做某事”，固定搭配，空處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)begoingtobedone”，rebuild“重建”，動詞。故填berebuilt。37．invention【解析】句意：高鐵是一項方便人們在大城市之間旅行的偉大發(fā)明。invent“發(fā)明”，動詞；分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空處需填寫提示詞的名詞形式作表語，invention“發(fā)明”，a后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。故填invention。38．wascovered【解析】句意：它在北京電視臺和北京廣播電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)上被現(xiàn)場直播了。根據(jù)“It”是第三人稱單數(shù)且作為被直播的對象，可知此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，且描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，即“wascovered”。故填wascovered。39．tomark【解析】句意：Lily畫了幾個圓圈來標(biāo)記筆記本中的一些重要點。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是一個動詞不定式，在句子做目的狀語，句中“Lily畫了幾個圓圈”的目的是“標(biāo)記重點”，因此使用動詞不定式“tomark”來表示目的，故填tomark。40．successfully【解析】句意：你越仔細(xì)，工作就越成功。根據(jù)題干可知是“the+比較級，the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)表示“越……，越……”。根據(jù)句意可知用副詞successfully“成功地”來修飾動詞done(do的過去分詞)。故填successfully。41．electronic【解析】句意：邁克爾25歲時成為了一名電子工程師。electronic“電子的”，形容詞作定語。故填electronic。42．interviewed【解析】句意：這個人在傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)粘土方面做得很好。他被電視臺采訪，這幫助更多的人了解了他。采訪：interview，動詞；根據(jù)“...thathelpedmorepeoplelearnabouthim”可知，此處指的是被電視臺采訪，此處為被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)用動詞的過去分詞形式。故填interviewed。43．covered/reported【解析】句意：結(jié)果將在何時何地現(xiàn)場報告？根據(jù)句子的主語“theresult”與“報道”之間屬于動賓關(guān)系，所以需要使用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)句中的“will”可知，空格所在句是一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：willbe+過去分詞?！皥蟮馈睂?yīng)的英文cover和report，動詞，其過去分詞為covered和reported。故填covered/reported。44．mastering【解析】句意：他認(rèn)為掌握第二外語是非常有用的。master“掌握”，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填動名詞形式在從句中作主語。故填mastering。45．replaced【解析】句意：有些人認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)銀行很快會被線上銀行取代。replace“取代”，與主語之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)“bedone”，故填replaced。46．wasinvited【解析】對比中英文可知，空處缺少“被邀請”；根據(jù)英文題干和漢語提示可知，主語“LiHua”和動詞“invite”是被動關(guān)系；又根據(jù)“Lastweek”可知，句子時態(tài)為一般過去時，所以這里是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為was/weredone；主語為“LiHua”，be動詞用was，動詞invite的過去分詞為invited。故填was；invited。47．wasstopped【解析】“阻止”stop。主語Thefox與stop之間是被動關(guān)系，所以擁被動語態(tài)，結(jié)合“Therabbitwassafeandhoppedawayhappily.”可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)（was/weredone）。主語是Thefox，所以用was，后跟stopped。故填was；stopped。48．wasbuilt【解析】根據(jù)題干，缺少的信息為“修建”，此處主語“京杭大運(yùn)河”和“修建”之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；因為此事發(fā)生在過去，所以要用一般過去時態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞用was，build的過去分詞是built。故填was；built。49．that/whichgive【解析】句子是定語從句，先行詞movies指物，用that或which引導(dǎo)定語從句，“帶給”give，根據(jù)“prefers”可知用一般現(xiàn)在時，movies是復(fù)數(shù)，從句中謂語用動詞原形。故填that/which；give。50．hadsuchagiftforactingwastakennoticeofbypeople【解析】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，空處缺“很有表演天賦”、“受到了人們的注意”的英文翻譯。根據(jù)“yesterday”可知句子是一般過去時態(tài)，主語是theoldlady，是第三人稱單數(shù)；havesuchagiftfor“對……很有天賦”，動詞用過去式had；acting“表演”；takenoticeof“注意”，動詞與主語是被動關(guān)系，謂語動詞用wastakennoticeof；bypeople“被人們”。故填hadsuchagiftforacting；wastakennoticeofbypeople。51．a(chǎn)ppeared52．people’s53．shows54．new55．chosen56．One57．between58．meters59．will60．well【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了“攬月”月球著陸器和“夢舟”載人飛船。51．句意：它首次出現(xiàn)在1965年已故的毛澤東主席寫的一首詩中。空內(nèi)缺少謂語動詞，根據(jù)后面的“inapoem”可知，appear“出現(xiàn)”，根據(jù)“in1965”可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時