【英語(yǔ)】初三英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解匯編技巧和方法完整版及練習(xí)題含解析一、中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解匯編1．閱讀理解

Stonehengemeans"hangingstones".Theystoodinacircle,with30morestoneslyingontoptoformaringofrocks.Therewasalsoaninnercirclebuiltwithsimilarstones.Thestonessetupinatrilithon（巨石牌坊）pattern.

Atrilithonismadeoftwostonepillarswithastabofrocklaidacrossthetop.Thestonesweighupto20tonseach.Peoplewonderhowthehugerockswereplacedthatway.

HistoriansagreethatStonehengewasbuiltinthreedifferentstages.Thefirststagetookplaceabout5,000yearsago.Atthattime,alargecircularearthwallwasmade.Historiansbelievethewallwasdugandcutwithtoolsmadeformanglers（鹿角）ofreddeer.Theearthwallwasabout98mindiameter（直徑）a5-meter-tallstonewasplacednearthecenter.Then,theyhadtotransportthelargebluestones（upto4tons）384kilometerstoStonehenge.Expertsthinktheymightbemovedacrossiceandsnow.Thegroundinwinterinthisareaisusuallyfulloficeandsnow,makingiteasiertomovetherocks.Thenexttaskwastostandthestonesup.Themostdifficulttaskwasputtingthetopstonesinplace.Eachoneofthesetaskstookalotofplanningandalotofstrength,buttheworkersofStonehengewereexcellentbuilders.

Whywasthemonumentbuilt?Somescientiststhinkit'saburialground.Thereareover400graves（burialsits）nearby.AmanwasburiedwithtwogoldearringswhicharetheoldestgoldeverfoundinBritain（datedto2470BC）.OthersthinkStonehengewasbuiltbyearlyastronomers.Scientistsbelievethatwhenapersonstandsinthecenterofthemonument,thechangingofseasonscanbeseen.Certainstonesmarkthelocationoftherisingandsettingmooninmidwinter.Otherstonesmarktherisingandsettingsuninmidsummer.Theancientpeopleheldreligiousceremoniesonthesedays.Theseceremoniesprobablyaskedthegodstobringgoodweatherforcropsandtoprotectthepeoplefrombadweather.

Stonehengeisanengineeringsuccess.Thousandsofyearslater,itstillstands.Asacalendar,Stonehengeisveryaccurate.Itshowsthatearlypeoplehadadeepunderstandingofthemovementstothesunandthemoon.Theydidn'thavemachinesorcomputers,butStonehengeshowspeoplecoulddomanythingsusingonlytheirmusclesandtheirbrains.（1）hefirstbuildingstageofStonehengewas________.A.

todigandcuttheearthwallB.

tomovethebluestonesacrosstheiceC.

tostandthestonesupD.

toputthetopstonesinplace（2）Whichevidence（證據(jù)）isgiventosupporttheideathatStonehengewasaburialground?A.

Stonehengewasmadeofstones.B.

Itisaplaceforcelebratingceremonies.C.

Thepassingofseasonscanbeseenthere.D.

Twogoldearringswerefoundinagrave.（3）Theunderlinedword"accurate"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans"________".A.

correct

B.

strange

C.

huge

D.

heavy（4）StonehengewasprobablyNOToriginallybuiltfor________.A.

tourists

B.

religiousreasons

C.

aburialground

D.

tellingtheseasons【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介紹了巨石陣的形狀，發(fā)展以及歷史意義。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Thefirststagetookplaceabout5,000yearsago.Atthattime,alargecircularearthwallwasmade.Historiansbelievethewallwasdugandcutwithtoolsmadeformanglers（鹿角）ofreddeer.

提示可知，巨石陣的第一個(gè)階段是造圖墻，故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Somescientiststhinkit'saburialground.Thereareover400graves（burialsits）nearby.AmanwasburiedwithtwogoldearringswhicharetheoldestgoldeverfoundinBritain提示可知，有人認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)墓地。附近有400多座墳?zāi)?。一名男子被埋時(shí)帶著兩個(gè)金耳環(huán)，這是英國(guó)有史以來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)的最古老的黃金。故選D。（3）詞義理解推測(cè)題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Asacalendar,Stonehengeisveryaccurate.提示可知，accurate的含義是正確的，故選A。（4）理解歸納題。通讀全文語(yǔ)句可知，建立巨石陣的原因有宗教，歷法以及墓地等方面的原因，但是與旅游沒(méi)有很多的聯(lián)系，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文主要考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，首先仔細(xì)閱讀文后的問(wèn)題，弄清問(wèn)題的大意；然后帶著問(wèn)題閱讀短文，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，選擇正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Whatshouldwedoifoneofourclassmatessuddenlyfallsillorgetshurt?Herearesomestepsyoushouldfollow.Butalwaysremembertolookformedicalcareafterfirstaid（急救）ifthewoundisserious.

Brokenbones（骨頭）:Takeawayclothingfromthewound,Useanicepack.Don'tmovethehurtbodypartwhilewaitingforthedoctortoarrive.

Animalbites（咬傷）:Washthebiteareawithsoapandwater.Packthewoundwithacleanclothifitisbleeding.Ifthebleedinghasstopped,covertheareawithabandageandtakethepersontohospital.Makesureyourememberwhatkindofanimalitis,sothedoctorcanfindtherightwaytotreathimorheratonce.

Fainting（昏厥）:Havehimorherliewithfeetliftedalittle.Don'tmovethebodyifyouthinktheremightbewoundsfromthefall,Makesureheorshecanbreatheandletinfreshair.Cleantheperson'sfacewithacoolcloth.

Nosebleeds:Havethepersonsitupwithhisorherheadtilted（傾斜）forwardalittle,Donothavethepersontilthisorherheadbackbecausethismaycauseheavybreathingorcoughing.Pinch（捏）thelowerpartofthenoseforatleast10minutes.（1）Whatshouldwedofirstwhenananimalbitehappens?A.

Putanicepackonthewound.

B.

Washthebiteareawithsoapandwater.C.

Trytostopthebleedingwithacleancloth.

D.

Taketheinjuredpersontothehospital.（2）Whendealingwiththeproblemsof____________,weshouldn'tmovethehurt.A.

brokenbonesandanimalbites

B.

animalbitesandnosebleedsC.

brokenbonesandfainting

D.

faintingandnosebleeds（3）WhichofthefollowingisNOTrightwhenaboy'snosebleeds?A.

Lethisheadnottiltback.

B.

Lethisheadtiltforwardalittle.C.

Lethimsitup.

D.

Pinchhisnoseforlessthan10minutes.（4）Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagecomefrom?A.

Lifestyle.

B.

Health.

C.

Sports.

D.

Education.（5）What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.

Firstaidforsomeaccidentalwounds.

B.

Stepsoflookingformedicalcare.C.

Adviceonwaysnottogethurt.

D.

Waystoaskforhelpingettinghurt.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）A【解析】【分析】主要講了四種意外傷害的急救知識(shí)。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Animalbites（咬傷）:Washthebiteareawithsoapandwater.可知?jiǎng)游镆麜r(shí)用肥皂和水清洗，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Brokenbones（骨頭）:Don'tmovethehurtbodypartwhilewaitingforthedoctortoarrive.和Fainting（昏厥）:Don'tmovethebodyifyouthinktheremightbewoundsfromthefall可知當(dāng)骨折和昏厥時(shí)不要移動(dòng)傷者，故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Pinch（捏）thelowerpartofthenoseforatleast10minutes.可知當(dāng)流鼻血時(shí)捏鼻子更低的部分至少10分鐘，而不是整個(gè)鼻子，故選D。（4）推斷題。根據(jù)全文可知講了意外傷害的急救，所以可能來(lái)自健康部分，即health，故選B。（5）主旨題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了四種意外傷害的急救知識(shí)，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3．閱讀理解

Haveyoueverstayedinahotel?MostChinesehotelsoftenprovideguestswiththingslikedisposable（一次性的）toothbrushes,toothpaste,shampooandslippers.Manyguestsliketheideabecausetheydon'thavetobringtheirown.But,ifyoutraveltoBeijing,remembertobringyourownthings.StartingfromJune,somehotelsinBeijingwillnolongerprovideguestswiththesedisposables.Theywanttoaskpeopletouselessdisposablethings.

Manydisposablethingsaremadeofplastic.Peoplethrowthemawayafteronlyusingthemonce.Itisawasteofnaturalresources（資源）andisverybadfortheenvironment.Doyouknow,oneChinesepersonmakesasmuchas400kgofwasteayear!Mostofthatwastecomesfromdisposablethings.InBeijing,peoplethrowawayabout19,000tonsofplasticbagsand1,320tonsofplasticlunchbowlseveryyear!Plasticcantakebetween100and400yearstobreakdown.Sothelessplasticwethrowout,thebetter.So,whereveryoutravel,bringyourownthingsandusethemagainandagain.

Backathomeandschool,youcanalsodosomethingtomakeourworldabetterplace.Trytodothesethingsinyourdailylife:Useclothshoppingbags,notplasticones.Afterusingaplasticbag,washitoutandletitdry.Thenyoucanuseitoverandoveragain.Donotusepapercups.Atyourschoolcanteen（食堂）,useyourownbowlandchopsticksinsteadofdisposableones.（1）Whydomanyhotelsprovideguestswithsomedisposablethings?A.

Lettheirguestsbeconvenientduringtheirtravelling.B.

Hopetheirguestsuselessdisposablethings.C.

Wishtheirgueststosavemoney.D.

Wanttheirgueststousemoredisposablethings.（2）SomeBeijinghotelswillnolongerprovideguestswith____.A.

cheapfoodanddrink

B.

disposablethings

C.

goodservice

D.

freeTVprograms（3）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.

Manydisposablethingsaremadeofplastic.B.

Throwingdisposablethingsawayisawasteofnaturalresources.C.

Plasticisverybadfortheenvironment.D.

Plasticbreaksdowneasily.（4）Whatcanwedotomakeourworldabetterplaceathomeandschool?A.

Useshoppingbagsmadeofplastic.B.

Donotthrowawaypapercups.C.

Usedisposableplates,bowlsandchopsticks.D.

Donotforgettoreusedailynecessities（日用品）.（5）Wecantellfromthestorythat____.A.

peopledon'tlikedisposablethingsatallB.

wecan'tusepaperorplasticbowlsatschoolC.

weshoulduselessplasticthingsandprotectourenvironmentD.

hotelswon'tprovidedisposablethingsbecausetheywanttosavemoney【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）D（5）C【解析】【分析】大意：本文講述一次性用品浪費(fèi)自然資源而且對(duì)環(huán)境有害，北京的一些酒店將不再為客人提供這些一次性用品。他們想讓人們少用一次性用品。倡導(dǎo)人們用布制購(gòu)物袋而不用塑料袋。（1）推斷題。根據(jù)Manyguestsliketheideabecausetheydon'thavetobringtheirown.可知，讓他們的客人在其旅游中方便，故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)somehotelsinBeijingwillnolongerprovideguestswiththesedisposables.可知，一些北京旅館將不再給顧客提供一次性用品，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Plasticcantakebetween100and400yearstobreakdown.可知，塑料要花費(fèi)100到400年才分解，所以不容易分解，故選D。（4）推斷題。根據(jù)So,whereveryoutravel,bringyourownthingsandusethemagainandagain.可知，讓我們的世界在家里和學(xué)校變得更美好，我們應(yīng)該重復(fù)使用日用品，故選D。（5）主旨題。本文主要講述為了保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境我們應(yīng)該少用塑料用品，故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題是閱讀理解題中?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。4．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤。

RidingaMobikeonthestreet.YoumighthearsomepeoplespeakingChinesealoud.Turningtotheright,youseeaSichuan-stylerestaurant.Afterwalkingintoastore,youseethatHuaweismartphonesareonsale.

ButyouarenotinChina—YouareinManchesterinBritain.Youmightseesimilarthingsinmanyothercities.Chineseproductshavebeengoingglobal（世界性的）.

ChinesefoodhasbeenenjoyedinWesterncountriesforalongtime.Tomeetlocalpeople'stastes,Chineserestaurantshavemadesomechangestothedishes.Forexample,Chinesepeopleliketoeatmeatwiththebonein,butWesternpeopledon't.SoChineserestaurantsprovidebigpiecesofmeatwithoutbones,evenforfish.

SomeChinesebrandsarealsobecomingmorepopular.InmanycitiesinEurope,storessellTCLtelevisions,HaierfridgesandLenovocomputers.

MorethanhalfoftheUS-owneddrones（無(wú)人機(jī)）areChinesemodels.They'renotonlymadeinChina,butalsodesignedanddevelopedinthecountry.

Inthepast,mostWesternpeoplethoughtChineseproductswerecheapandunreliable（不可靠的）.Butnow,thingshavechangedgreatly."MadeinChina"becomescool.（1）WecanseemorepeopleuseChineseproductsinWesterncountriesnow.（2）Chineserestaurantsprovidemeatwithbonestomeetlocalpeople'stastes.（3）Morethan50%oftheUS-owneddronesaredesigned,developedandmadeinChina.（4）Inthepast,mostWesternpeoplethoughtChineseproductswereunabletobetrusted.（5）ThisarticleisaboutthedisadvantagesofChineseproducts.【答案】（1）1（2）0（3）1（4）1（5）0【解析】【分析】本文介紹了有關(guān)中國(guó)元素的很多東西。（1）根據(jù)YoumighthearsomepeoplespeakingChinesealoud.Turningtotheright,youseeaSichuan-stylerestaurant.Afterwalkingintoastore,youseethatHuaweismartphonesareonsale可能會(huì)聽(tīng)到一些人大聲說(shuō)中文。向右拐，你會(huì)看到一家川菜餐館。走進(jìn)商店后，你會(huì)看到華為智能手機(jī)正在出售可知，我們現(xiàn)在可以看到西方國(guó)家越來(lái)越多的人使用中國(guó)產(chǎn)品是對(duì)的，故是正確。（2）根據(jù)SoChineserestaurantsprovidebigpiecesofmeatwithoutbones所以中國(guó)餐館提供大塊無(wú)骨肉可知，中國(guó)餐館提供帶骨頭的肉來(lái)滿足當(dāng)?shù)厝说目谖妒清e(cuò)的，故是錯(cuò)誤。（3）根據(jù)MorethanhalfoftheUS-owneddrones（無(wú)人機(jī)）areChinesemodels可知超過(guò)50%的美國(guó)無(wú)人駕駛飛機(jī)是在中國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)、開(kāi)發(fā)和制造的，故是正確。（4）根據(jù)Inthepast,mostWesternpeoplethoughtChineseproductswerecheapandunreliable可知過(guò)去，大多數(shù)西方人認(rèn)為中國(guó)產(chǎn)品不可信，故是正確。（5）根據(jù)MadeinChina"becomescool.“中國(guó)制造”變得很酷可知這篇文章是關(guān)于中國(guó)產(chǎn)品的缺點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)的

，故是錯(cuò)誤?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。注意從文中尋找答案，推斷出需要的信息。5．閱讀理解

EachyearonFeb21,UNESCO（聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織）holdsanInternationalMotherLanguageDay（IMLD）.Theeventistohelppeopletopayattentiontothedisappearanceoftheworld'slanguages;manyofthemaredisappearingeachyear.UNESCOseesthisasaterriblefact.

Whathappenswhenalanguagediesout?Somethinggreatislost-notjustsoundsandmarksbutthewaythatpeopleunderstandtheworldandcommunicatewitheachother.Wekeepdifferentculturesandtraditionsthroughlanguages.Killalanguageandallthesearekilledtoo.

ThroughIMLD,moreandmorepeoplecometorealizeheterriblesituationandtrytostopit.

Google's2018Endangered（瀕臨滅絕的）LanguagesProjectisagoodexample.Manyspeakersandprotectorsofendangeredlanguagesupload（上傳）texts,audiosandvideostotheprojectwebsite.Theywanttointroducethewaythatpeoplecommunicateandexpressthemselvesaroundtheworld.

TheMyaamiaProjectisthesamekindofefforttorevivethelanguagespokenbytheMiamitribes（部落）oftheUnitedStates.Projectmembersworktoencouragepeopletostudyandcommunicatewiththislanguage,whichdiedoutinthe1960s.

Theseactivitiesgivelifetothoseendangeredlanguages.PeoplewhoworktokeepLanguagesalivearenotlimitedtothepast.Manyyoungpeopledesignappsandusesocialmediatosupporttheiractivities.They"spreadtheword"tosavetheworld.

So,whiletheproblemofdisappearinglanguagesremainsaveryseriousone,thereishope.Weallhaveaspecialfeelingofourmotherlanguage.ThisiswhyweshouldrememberthewisewordsoflatepresidentofSouthAfrica,NelsonMandela:"Ifyoutalktoamaninalanguageheunderstands,thatgoestohishead.Ifyoutalktoamaninhisownlanguage，thatgoestohisheart."（1）UNESCOholdsIMLDeveryyearinordertohelppeopleto________.A.

learnanduseendangeredlanguagesB.

showtheirtalentsinlearninglanguagesC.

practicereadingskillsofmotherlanguagesD.

realizethesituationofendangeredlanguages（2）WhatdidpeopledoinGoogle's2018EndangeredLanguagesProject?A.

DiscusshowtomakegooduseofGoogle.B.

Offeronlinecoursesonendangeredlanguages.C.

Sharematerialsaboutendangeredlanguagesonline.D.

Translateendangeredlanguagesintomotherlanguages.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"revive"meaninParagraph（段落）4?A.

創(chuàng)造

B.

學(xué)習(xí)

C.

復(fù)活

D.

清除（4）Whatcanweinfer（推斷）fromParagraph5?A.

Itismoredifficulttoprotectendangeredlanguages.B.

Thedisappearanceoflanguageshasalreadystopped.C.

Youngpeopledon'tcareaboutendangeredlanguages.D.

Youngpeoplehavecreativewaystoprotectlanguages.（5）ThewritermentionsNelsonMandela'swordsinorderto_________.A.

telltheimportanceofone'smotherlanguageB.

showhiscontributionstolanguageprotectionC.

tellthetroubleinlearningendangeredlanguagesD.

showthepossibilityofprotectingmotherlanguages【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D（5）A【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介紹了聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織舉辦的國(guó)際母語(yǔ)日和邁阿密工程，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了母語(yǔ)保留的重要性。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theeventistohelppeopletopayattentiontothedisappearanceoftheworld'slanguages.這次活動(dòng)是為了幫助人們關(guān)注世界語(yǔ)言的消失，可知，國(guó)際母語(yǔ)日的目的是幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)和使用瀕危語(yǔ)言。故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由句子Manyspeakersandprotectorsofendangeredlanguagesupload（上傳）texts,audiosandvideostotheprojectwebsite.Theywanttointroducethewaythatpeoplecommunicateandexpressthemselvesaroundtheworld.許多瀕危語(yǔ)言的說(shuō)話者和保護(hù)者上傳文本、音頻和視頻到項(xiàng)目網(wǎng)站。他們想要介紹世界各地的人們交流和表達(dá)自己的方式。可知，人們?cè)诠雀?018年的瀕危語(yǔ)言項(xiàng)目中在線分享了有關(guān)瀕危語(yǔ)言的材料。故選C。（3）詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文Projectmembersworktoencouragepeopletostudyandcommunicatewiththislanguage,whichdiedoutinthe1960s.項(xiàng)目的成員鼓勵(lì)人們用這種在19世紀(jì)60年代消失的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)和交流，可知Myaamia項(xiàng)目使的人們重新使用美國(guó)邁阿密部落所說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言，因此revive意為“重新使用”即“復(fù)活”。故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Manyyoungpeopledesignappsandusesocialmediatosupporttheiractivities.許多年輕人設(shè)計(jì)APP并使用社交媒體來(lái)支持他們的活動(dòng)，可知，年輕人有自己創(chuàng)造性的保護(hù)語(yǔ)言的方法。故選D。（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Ifyoutalktoamaninalanguageheunderstands,thatgoestohishead.Ifyoutalktoamaninhisownlanguage，thatgoestohisheart."“如果你用一種他能理解的語(yǔ)言與一個(gè)人交談，那會(huì)進(jìn)入他的頭腦。如果你用他自己的語(yǔ)言和他說(shuō)話，那就可以進(jìn)入他的內(nèi)心?！笨芍髡咛岬郊{爾遜·曼德拉的話是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)母語(yǔ)的重要性，即真正使人理解。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和詞義猜測(cè)題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；詞義猜測(cè)題需要聯(lián)系上下文，了解句子大意之后推測(cè)單詞的意思。6．閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

Theworlditselfisbecomingmuchsmallerbyusingmoderntrafficandmordencommunicationmeans（工具）.Lifetodayismucheasierthanitwashundredsofyearsago,butithasbroughtnewproblems.Oneofthebiggestproblemsispollution.Topollutemeanstomakethingsdirty.Pollutioncomesinmanyways.Weseeit,smellit,drinkitandevenheartit.

Manhasbeenpollutingtheearth.Themorepeoplehave,themorepollutionbecomes.Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnorsoseriousbecausetherewerenotsomanypeople.Whenthelandwasuseduportheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,manmovedtoanotherplace.Butthisisnolongertrue.

Manisnowslowlypollutingthewholeworld.

Airpollutionisstillthemostserious.It'sbadforalllivingthingsintheworld,butitisnottheonlyonekindofpollution,Waterpollutionkillsourfishandpollutesourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesusangrymoreeasily.

Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.Theystoppeoplefromburningcoalinhousesandfactoriesinthecity,andfromputtingdirtysmokeintotheair.Pollutionbysulfurdioxide（So2）isnowthemostdangerouskindofairpollution.Itiscausedbyheavytraffic.Wearesurethatiftherearefewerpeopledriving,therewillbelessairpollution.

Theearthisourhome.Wemusttakecareofit.Thatmeanskeepingtheland,waterandairclean.Andwemustpayattentiontotheriseinpollutionatthesametime.（1）Accordingthepassage,_______,ourworldisbecomingmuchsmaller.A.

becauseoftheriseinpollutionB.

thankstosciencedevelopmentC.

becausetheearthisbeingpolluteddayandnightD.

becausetheearthisblowingawaybythewindeveryyear（2）Hundredsofyearsago,lifewas_______itistoday.A.

aseasyas

B.

mucheasierthan

C.

ashardas

D.

muchharderthan（3）Inparagraph1,theunderlinedword"it"means___________.A.

rubbish

B.

noisepollution

C.

airpollution

D.

waterpollution（4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.

Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.B.

Thepollutionoftheearthgrowsasfastastheworldpollutiondoes.C.

Theproblemofpollutionisnotsoseriousbecausetherearenotsomanypeoplelivingontheearth.D.

Ifpeoplecouldgotoworkbybusorbybikeinsteadofcarormotorbike,itwouldbehelpfulinfightingagainsttheproblemofSO2.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：污染是當(dāng)今的主要問(wèn)題，主要是人類(lèi)的活動(dòng)所造成，人越多，污染越嚴(yán)重，我了減少污染，很多國(guó)家制定了法律或采取了措施來(lái)減少污染。比如禁止家庭或者工廠燒煤等等。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)heworlditselfisbecomingmuchsmallerbyusingmoderntrafficandmordencommunicationmeans（工具）.可知是因?yàn)榭萍嫉陌l(fā)展使世界變得更小了，故答案是B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Lifetodayismucheasierthanitwashundredsofyearsago,

可知現(xiàn)在比原來(lái)的生活容易了，也就是過(guò)去的生活比較艱難，故答案是D。（3）代詞指代題，根據(jù)

heart

it，可知這是一種能聽(tīng)到的污染，所以說(shuō)是噪聲污染，故答案是B。（4）正誤判斷題，根據(jù)Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnorsoseriousbecausetherewerenotsomanypeople.Whenthelandwasuseduportheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,manmovedtoanotherplace.Butthisisnolongertrue.可知許多年前人少污染不嚴(yán)重，但是現(xiàn)在不是這樣了，人多了，污染也很?chē)?yán)重了，所以C的敘述是錯(cuò)誤的，故答案是C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，本文主要涉及到了細(xì)節(jié)理解題，代詞指代題和正誤判斷題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，一般可以直接從文中找到答案或者解題依據(jù)。代詞指代題需要認(rèn)真閱讀結(jié)合具體語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)代詞指代的是什么。正誤判斷題同屬于細(xì)節(jié)理解題，需要根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行正誤判定。7．閱讀理解

Weallknowthatmanywomenliketoweardresses.Theyenjoymanykindsofcolourfulandpopulardresses.Buthaveyoueverheardofa4Ddress?

JessicaRosenkrantzintheUSAused3Dprintingtechnologytomakeaveryspecialandnewdress.Itwillhelpwiththeproblemsofdifferentstylesforwomen'sdresses.

Thedressmakercalledthespecialdressa"4Ddress".Itislikethefabric（織物）.Itcanturnintodifferentkindsofshapes.

Thecompany,inMassachusetts,theUSA,alsomadeasmartphoneandanapp（應(yīng)用軟件）.Theycanhelpwomentocontroltheirdresses.Ifwomenusethephoneandtheapp,theycanchangethecolour,thestyleandmanyotherthingsofthedresses.Isn'titveryinteresting?

Whenshetalkedaboutherwork,Jessicasaid,"Therewillbemanymorechangeabledressesforwomeninthefuture.Iaminterestedinmakingthemtoo.Ican'twaittomakedifferentkindsofnewdressesforwomen."（1）Whatwillthe4Ddressdoforwomen?A.

It'llmakewomenrelaxthemselvesalot.

B.

It'llturnintodifferentstylesforwomen.C.

Itwillhelpwomenkeepthinandbeautiful.

D.

Itwillhelpwomenfindgoodjobseasily.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"herereferto?A.

The4Ddress.

B.

The3Dprintingtechnology.

C.

Acompany.

D.

Thedressmaker.（3）WhatwillJessicadointhefuture?A.

Shewillhavemanycompaniesaroundtheworld.B.

Shewillbuyaverynewsmartphoneandanapp.C.

Shewillmakemanymorechangeabledresses.D.

Shewillhelpwomenchoosemorebeautifuldresses.（4）Fromthepassage,wecaninfer（推斷）that

.A.

JessicaRosenkrantzusedacommonthingtomakea4DdressB.

a4DdresscanonlyturnintotenkindsofshapesC.

thecompanyintheUKmadethesmartphonetocontrolthe4DdressesD.

womenmayusethephoneandtheapptochangethestyleofthedresses【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】用3D打印技術(shù)制作出來(lái)的4D裙子可以解決很多女士的時(shí)尚問(wèn)題。4D裙子就像織物一樣可以隨意改變它的款式。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Itwillhelpwiththeproblemsofdifferentstylesforwomen'sdresses.Itislikethefabric.Itcanturnintodifferentkindsofshapes.可知答案，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Thedressmakercalledthespecialdressa"4Ddress".Itislikethefabric（織物）.Itcanturnintodifferentkindsofshapes.可以知道，4D裙子可以改變它的形狀，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Therewillbemanymorechangeable（可變的）dressesforwomeninthefuture.Iaminterestedinmakingthem,too.Ican'twaittomakedifferentkindsofnewdressesforwomen.可知Jessica對(duì)制作能變換的衣服很感興趣，想要去制作這些衣服，故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Ifwomenusethephoneandtheapp,theycanchangethecolor,thestyleandmanyotherthingsofthedresses.，可知女生可以通過(guò)軟件來(lái)改變衣服的風(fēng)格，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解題。本文主要考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，首先仔細(xì)閱讀文后的問(wèn)題，弄清問(wèn)題的大意；然后帶著問(wèn)題閱讀短文，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，選擇正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Inabout1503,duringChristopherColumbus'sfourthandfinaltriptoAmerica,hisshipwasseriouslydamagedinastorm.ColumbusandhismenhadtoliveonasmallislandforseveralmonthswhiletheytriedtorepairtheirshipandreturntoSpain.

Atfirst,thelocalpeopleontheislandwereverykindtotheEuropeanvisitors,givingthemallthefoodandclothestheyneededtosurvive.However,asthemonthspassed,thelocalpeoplebecamemoreandmoreunhappywiththeirguests,whoweretrickingandstealingfromthem.Finallythelocalsdecidedtostophelping.Withoutfoodoranywaytoleavetheisland,Columbus'sgroupwassooninserioustrouble.

LuckilyforColumbus,hehadabookaboutthestarsandplanetsonhisship.Itdescribedthemovementsofalltheobjectsinthenightsky.Thebook,writtenbyawell-knownGermanscientist,saidtherewouldbeatotallunareclipse（月食）andhowlongitwouldlast.

ColumbusworkedoutthedifferenceintimebetweenGermanyandNorthAmerica.Hethenhadameetingwiththelocalleadersjustbeforetheeclipsewouldtakeplace.Inthismeeting,Columbustoldthemhisgodwasangrybecausethelocalpeoplewerenolongergivingfood.SohisgodwouldtakeawaytheMoontopunishthem.AtthemomentColumbusfinishedtalking,justashehadplanned,theMoonbegandisappearing.

ThelocalleadersgrewfrightenedandquicklyagreedtoprovideColumbuswithfoodandanythingelsehewanted.Butfirst,Columbus'sgodhadtoreturntheMoon.Columbustoldthemhewouldhavetodiscusstheideawithhisgodonhisship.KnowingtheMoonwouldstaycompletelyhiddenforabout48minutes,ColumbusreturnedjustbeforetheMoonbegantoreappear.Fromthatdayon,untiltheyfinallyleft,Columbusandhismennolongerhadanytroublegettingthefoodtheyneeded.（1）Atfirst,thelocalpeoplehelpedColumbusandhismenby

.A.

givingthemfoodandclothesB.

buildingahouseforthemC.

repairingtheirshipD.

providingthemwithabook（2）ThelocalpeoplebecameangrybecausetheEuropeans

.A.

lookedverydifferentB.

hadnothingtotradeC.

werecheatsandthievesD.

wantedtotaketheirland（3）WheredidColumbuslearnaboutthelunareclipse？A.

Fromabook.

B.

FromtheMoon.

C.

Fromhisgroup.

D.

Fromthelocals.（4）WhatcanwelearnabouttheEuropeansfromthepassage？A.

TheyallbelievedinGod.B.

TheyneverreturnedtoSpain.C.

Theyadmiredthelocalpeople.D.

Theycausedtheirownproblems.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：大約在1503年，克里斯托弗·哥倫布第四次也是最后一次到美國(guó)旅行時(shí)，他的船在一場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴中嚴(yán)重受損。哥倫布和他的部下在一個(gè)小島上住了幾個(gè)月。一開(kāi)始島上的人對(duì)他們很友好，但是后來(lái)他們偷盜當(dāng)?shù)厝说臇|西，當(dāng)?shù)厝司屯Ｖ沽怂械墓?yīng)，哥倫布了解天文，他計(jì)算出了月食的時(shí)間，說(shuō)是上帝對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝瞬唤o他們提供幫助的懲罰，于是當(dāng)?shù)厝司烷_(kāi)給他們提供幫助了。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)

Atfirst,thelocalpeopleontheislandwereverykindtotheEuropeanvisitors,givingthemallthefoodandclothestheyneededtosurvive.

可知一開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，當(dāng)?shù)厝私o他們吃的穿的，給他們提供幫助，故答案是A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)However,asthemonthspassed,thelocalpeoplebecamemoreandmoreunhappywiththeirguests,whoweretrickingandstealingfromthem.

殼可知?dú)W洲人對(duì)他們欺騙，偷盜所以他們生氣了，故答案是C。???????（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)

Thebook,writtenbyawell-knownGermanscientist,saidtherewouldbeatotallunareclipse（月食）andhowlongitwouldlast.可知，哥倫布是從書(shū)上知道的月食發(fā)生的時(shí)間，故答案是A。???????（4）邏輯推理題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，歐洲人遇到的問(wèn)題是他們自作自受，故答案是D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和邏輯推理題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要可以直接從文中尋找答案；邏輯推理題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。9．閱讀下列短文，從文后每小題A、B、C選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案。

Mr.Chenwaspuzzled（閑惑的）andalittlesuspicious（懷疑的）.Hesatintheofficeandstudiedaletterapparently（看似）fromMrs.Wang,themotherofoneofthepupilsinhisclass.Therewassomethingaboutitwhichworriedhim.

"Idon'tunderstand,"hesaidtohimself.Heshookhisheadashecircledfourmistakesi