2025年英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)考試閱讀理解與寫作專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.Passage1Therapidproliferationofartificialintelligence(AI)technologieshaspromptedconsiderabledebateregardingtheirsocietalimplications.ProponentsarguethatAIwillbeapowerfulengineforeconomicgrowth,automatingmundanetasksandaugmentinghumancapabilitiesacrossvarioussectors.TheyenvisionafuturewhereAI-drivensolutionsenhanceproductivity,improvehealthcarethroughpersonalizedmedicine,andcontributetosolvingcomplexglobalchallengeslikeclimatechange.However,criticsraiselegitimateconcernsaboutpotentialjobdisplacementasautomationpotentiallyrenderscertainhumanrolesobsolete.Therearealsoethicalconsiderations,suchasalgorithmicbiasthatcouldperpetuateorevenexacerbateexistingsocietalinequalities,andtheprofoundquestionofAIdecision-makingautonomy,particularlyinhigh-stakesdomainslikeautonomousvehiclesorcybersecurity.Furthermore,theenvironmentalfootprintassociatedwithtraininglargeAImodelsandtheirenergyconsumptionisanoften-overlookedaspectoftheirdevelopment.Navigatingthiscomplexlandscaperequiresabalancedapproach,onethatharnessesthebenefitsofAIwhileactivelymitigatingitsrisksthroughthoughtfulregulation,ethicalguidelines,andinvestmentsinhumanreskillingandsocialsafetynets.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)ThespecificapplicationsofAIinhealthcare.B)TheeconomicandethicaldebatessurroundingAItechnology.C)ThetechnicalchallengesinvolvedinAImodeldevelopment.D)ThepotentialjoblossescausedbyAIautomation.2.AccordingtoproponentsofAI,whataresomeofitspotentialbenefits?A)Reducingenergyconsumptionandminimizingenvironmentalimpact.B)Creatingnewethicaldilemmasandenhancinghumanautonomy.C)Automatingcomplextasksandsolvingglobalchallenges.D)Displacinghumanworkersandaugmentingsocietalinequalities.3.WhatconcernsdocriticshaveaboutAI?A)Itslimitedscopeinsolvingclimatechange.B)Itspotentialtoincreaseenergyefficiency.C)Algorithmicbiasandjobdisplacement.D)Itslackofabilitytomakeautonomousdecisions.4.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestisnecessaryformanagingAI?A)Discouragingfurtherdevelopmentduetoethicalconcerns.B)Ignoringtheenvironmentalimpacttofocusoneconomicgrowth.C)Abalancedapproachthatmitigatesrisksalongsideharnessingbenefits.D)Investingprimarilyinhumanreskillingwithoutregulation.Passage2Theconceptof"culturalheritage"encompassesavastarrayoftangibleandintangibleelementsthatdefinetheidentityofcommunitiesandnations.Tangibleheritageincludesphysicalassetssuchashistoricalbuildings,artifacts,monuments,andlandscapes,whichoftenserveaspowerfulremindersofthepastandattracttourism.Intangibleheritage,ontheotherhand,consistsoflivingtraditions,oralhistories,performingarts,socialpractices,rituals,andknowledgesystems.Thisdynamicaspectiscrucialformaintainingculturaldiversityandprovidingasenseofbelongingtoindividualswithinasociety.However,bothformsofheritagefacesignificantthreatsinthemodernworld.Urbanizationandrapiddevelopmentoftenleadtothedestructionorneglectofhistoricalsites.Globalizationandthedominanceofpopularculturescanovershadowuniquelocaltraditions,leadingtotheirerosion.Climatechangeposesanexistentialthreattoheritagelocatedinvulnerableenvironments,suchascoastalareasormountainousregions.Furthermore,illegaltraffickingofculturalartifactsunderminesnationaltreasuresandhistoricalnarratives.TheUNESCOConventionfortheProtectionoftheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritagehighlightstheurgentneedforinternationalcooperationandnationaleffortstoidentify,protect,preserve,andpromoteculturalheritage,recognizingitsirreplaceablevalueforpresentandfuturegenerations.5.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A)Topromotetourismbyhighlightingfamoushistoricalbuildings.B)Todefineandexplainthedifferentcomponentsofculturalheritage.C)Toargueforincreasedfundingforurbandevelopmentprojects.D)Todescribethenegativeeffectsofclimatechangeoncoastalcommunities.6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthesignificanceofintangibleheritage?A)Itprovideseconomicbenefitsprimarilythroughtourism.B)Ithelpsmaintainculturaldiversityandasenseofidentity.C)Itconsistsmainlyofphysicalartifactsandhistoricalsites.D)Itisoftenneglectedinfavoroftangibleheritage.7.Whataresomeofthethreatsmentionedtoculturalheritage?A)Technologicaladvancementsandincreasedtourism.B)Urbanization,globalization,climatechange,andillegaltrafficking.C)Governmentpoliciesandchangesinsocialpractices.D)Naturaldisastersandlossofhistoricalrecords.8.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheUNESCOConvention?A)Itfocusesonlyonprotectingnaturalheritagesites.B)Itcallsforminimalinternationalinterventioninculturalmatters.C)Itemphasizestheglobalimportanceofsafeguardingculturalheritage.D)Itprovidesfinancialcompensationfordamagedheritage.Passage3Thephenomenonofdigitalnomadism,characterizedbyindividualsworkingremotelywhiletravelingorlivinginvariouslocationsglobally,hasexperiencedsignificantgrowthinrecentyears.Fueledbyadvancementsintechnology,particularlyhigh-speedinternetandmobileconnectivity,alongwitharisingnumberofremote-friendlyjobopportunitiesinfieldslikesoftwaredevelopment,writing,design,anddigitalmarketing,thislifestyleappealstomanyforitsflexibilityandtheopportunitytoexperiencedifferentculturesfirsthand.Proponentshighlightthebenefitsofenhancedwork-lifebalance,reducedlivingcostsinsomedestinations,andthestimulationofnewperspectivesandnetworks.However,challengesalsoaccompanythislifestyle.Issuessuchasunstableinternetaccessincertainareas,visarestrictionsforlongerstays,theneedforconstantself-discipline,andfeelingsofisolationordetachmentfromestablishedcommunitiescanbesignificanthurdles.Furthermore,thelackofafixedaddresscancomplicateaccesstocertainservicesandbenefits.Thesustainabilityofthislifestylealsoraisesquestionsaboutitsenvironmentalimpact,particularlythecarbonfootprintassociatedwithfrequenttravel,andthepotentialstrainonlocalinfrastructureinpopular"digitalhub"locations.Asthegigeconomyandremoteworkcontinuetoexpand,thedigitalnomadphenomenonislikelytoevolve,withplatformsandcommunitiesplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinsupportingthismobileworkforce.9.Whatisthemaincharacteristicofdigitalnomadism?A)Workingintraditionalofficeenvironmentsglobally.B)Livinginonefixedlocationforlong-termemployment.C)Workingremotelywhiletravelingorresidingindifferentplaces.D)Changingjobsfrequentlyindifferentindustries.10.Whatfactorshavecontributedtothegrowthofdigitalnomadism?A)Decreasedinternetspeedsandreducedremoteworkopportunities.B)Technologicaladvancements,remote-friendlyjobs,andculturalcuriosity.C)Increasedtravelrestrictionsandhigherlivingcosts.D)Adeclineintraditionalofficejobsandfewernetworkingopportunities.11.Whataresomebenefitscitedforthedigitalnomadlifestyle?A)Highersalariescomparedtolocalworkers.B)Enhancedwork-lifebalance,lowerlivingcosts,andculturalexposure.C)Guaranteedstableinternetconnectivityeverywhere.D)Easiervisaacquisitionforlongstaysinallcountries.12.Whatchallengesdoesthepassagementionfordigitalnomads?A)Theabilitytoworkonlyduringspecifichours.B)Unstableinternetaccess,visaissues,self-disciplineneeds,isolation,andsustainabilityconcerns.C)Limitedjoboptionsinpopulardestinations.D)Difficultyinbuildinglocalsocialconnections.PartIIWritingDirections:Writeanessayof220-260wordsbasedonthefollowingprompt.Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldinvestheavilyinfundingspaceexplorationprograms,whileothersarguethattheseresourceswouldbebetterallocatedtosolvingpressingproblemsonEarth,suchaspoverty,healthcare,andeducation.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.---試卷答案PartIReadingComprehension1.B解析思路：文章首段提出AI技術(shù)的普及引發(fā)了辯論，接著分別闡述了支持者和批評(píng)者的觀點(diǎn)。第二段明確指出辯論的核心在于AI的利弊。第三段進(jìn)一步列舉了支持（經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)）和反對(duì)（失業(yè)、倫理問(wèn)題）的觀點(diǎn)。全文圍繞AI帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和倫理方面的爭(zhēng)議展開，故B選項(xiàng)“圍繞AI技術(shù)帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和倫理辯論”最能概括主旨。A選項(xiàng)僅涉及支持者觀點(diǎn)的一部分。C選項(xiàng)是AI發(fā)展中的一個(gè)技術(shù)方面，并非文章核心討論內(nèi)容。D選項(xiàng)是批評(píng)者的一個(gè)擔(dān)憂，但也不是文章的全部。2.C解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“ProponentsarguethatAIwillbeapowerfulengineforeconomicgrowth,automatingmundanetasksandaugmentinghumancapabilitiesacrossvarioussectors.”，支持者認(rèn)為AI將是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的強(qiáng)大引擎，自動(dòng)化繁瑣任務(wù)，并增強(qiáng)各行各業(yè)的人類能力。C選項(xiàng)“自動(dòng)化復(fù)雜任務(wù)和解決全球挑戰(zhàn)”與原文“automatingmundanetasksandaugmentinghumancapabilities”意思相近，其中“augmentinghumancapabilities”可以理解為提升能力、解決更復(fù)雜問(wèn)題的一種體現(xiàn)。A選項(xiàng)與原文“minimizingenvironmentalimpact”相反。B選項(xiàng)“提出新的倫理困境和增強(qiáng)人類自主性”是批評(píng)者的觀點(diǎn)。D選項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致工人失業(yè)和加劇社會(huì)不平等”是批評(píng)者的擔(dān)憂。3.C解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“However,criticsraiselegitimateconcernsaboutpotentialjobdisplacementasautomationpotentiallyrenderscertainhumanrolesobsolete.”，批評(píng)者擔(dān)心自動(dòng)化可能導(dǎo)致工作流失。第三句進(jìn)一步指出“Therearealsoethicalconsiderations,suchasalgorithmicbiasthatcouldperpetuateorevenexacerbateexistingsocietalinequalities.”，提到了算法偏見(jiàn)和社會(huì)不平等問(wèn)題。C選項(xiàng)“算法偏見(jiàn)和工人失業(yè)”同時(shí)涵蓋了這兩點(diǎn)主要擔(dān)憂。A選項(xiàng)“其在解決氣候變化方面的局限性”未在文中提及。B選項(xiàng)“其可能增加能源效率”是支持者的觀點(diǎn)。D選項(xiàng)“其無(wú)法做出自主決策”是原文提到的一個(gè)倫理問(wèn)題，但并非批評(píng)者最主要的擔(dān)憂，失業(yè)和偏見(jiàn)更為核心。4.C解析思路：文章最后一段明確指出“Navigatingthiscomplexlandscaperequiresabalancedapproach,onethatharnessesthebenefitsofAIwhileactivelymitigatingitsrisksthroughthoughtfulregulation,ethicalguidelines,andinvestmentsinhumanreskillingandsocialsafetynets.”，即應(yīng)對(duì)這個(gè)復(fù)雜局面需要一種平衡的方法，既要利用AI的好處，也要積極減輕其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，通過(guò)深思熟慮的監(jiān)管、道德準(zhǔn)則和投資于人類再培訓(xùn)和社保網(wǎng)。C選項(xiàng)“在利用好處的同時(shí)減輕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，采取平衡的方法”與原文意思一致。A選項(xiàng)“由于倫理問(wèn)題而禁止進(jìn)一步發(fā)展”與原文“balancedapproach”相悖。B選項(xiàng)“忽視環(huán)境影響以專注于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)”忽略了原文提到的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)mitigation和regulation。D選項(xiàng)“主要投資于人類再培訓(xùn)而不進(jìn)行監(jiān)管”曲解了原文，原文強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)需要監(jiān)管。5.B解析思路：文章首段定義了“culturalheritage”包括有形和無(wú)形兩部分，并指出其定義社區(qū)和民族身份的作用。第二段進(jìn)一步區(qū)分了有形和無(wú)形遺產(chǎn)的具體內(nèi)容及其重要性。第三段則闡述了這兩種遺產(chǎn)面臨的威脅。第四段總結(jié)強(qiáng)調(diào)了保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)的必要性。全文圍繞“什么是文化遺產(chǎn)”以及“它的組成部分”展開，旨在解釋這一概念。A選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)強(qiáng)調(diào)著名歷史建筑來(lái)促進(jìn)旅游業(yè)”只是文化遺產(chǎn)的一個(gè)作用，并非主旨。C選項(xiàng)“論證增加對(duì)城市發(fā)展項(xiàng)目資金的投入”未在文中提及。D選項(xiàng)“描述氣候變化對(duì)沿海社區(qū)產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面影響”是文中提到的一個(gè)威脅，但不是文章的主要目的。6.B解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“Intangibleheritage,ontheotherhand,consistsoflivingtraditions,oralhistories,performingarts,socialpractices,rituals,andknowledgesystems.Thisdynamicaspectiscrucialformaintainingculturaldiversityandprovidingasenseofbelongingtoindividualswithinasociety.”，無(wú)形遺產(chǎn)包括各種活態(tài)傳統(tǒng)、表演藝術(shù)等，并且對(duì)于維持文化多樣性和提供個(gè)人歸屬感至關(guān)重要。B選項(xiàng)“有助于維持文化多樣性和身份認(rèn)同感”準(zhǔn)確概括了原文信息。A選項(xiàng)“主要通過(guò)對(duì)游客的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益”未提及。C選項(xiàng)“主要由有形文物和歷史遺址組成”是錯(cuò)誤的，這是有形遺產(chǎn)的定義。D選項(xiàng)“往往被無(wú)形遺產(chǎn)所忽視”與原文相反。7.B解析思路：文章第三段列舉了文化遺產(chǎn)面臨的威脅。首先提到“Urbanizationandrapiddevelopmentoftenleadtothedestructionorneglectofhistoricalsites.”，即城市化和快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致歷史遺址被破壞或忽視。接著說(shuō)“Globalizationandthedominanceofpopularculturescanovershadowuniquelocaltraditions,leadingtotheirerosion.”，即全球化和流行文化的主導(dǎo)會(huì)掩蓋獨(dú)特的本地傳統(tǒng)，導(dǎo)致其消亡。然后提到“Climatechangeposesanexistentialthreattoheritagelocatedinvulnerableenvironments...”.，即氣候變化對(duì)位于脆弱環(huán)境中的遺產(chǎn)構(gòu)成生存威脅。最后提到“Furthermore,illegaltraffickingofculturalartifactsunderminesnationaltreasures...”.，即非法販運(yùn)文物破壞國(guó)家珍寶。B選項(xiàng)“城市化和快速發(fā)展、全球化以及流行文化的主導(dǎo)、氣候變化以及對(duì)文化遺產(chǎn)的非法販運(yùn)”全面概括了原文提到的威脅。A選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)進(jìn)步和旅游業(yè)增加”是促進(jìn)因素。C選項(xiàng)“政府政策和社會(huì)實(shí)踐的變化”未提及。D選項(xiàng)“自然災(zāi)害和歷史記錄的丟失”只涵蓋了部分威脅。8.C解析思路：文章最后一段提到了“theUNESCOConventionfortheProtectionoftheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritage”，并指出“highlightstheurgentneedforinternationalcooperationandnationaleffortstoidentify,protect,preserve,andpromoteculturalheritage,recognizingitsirreplaceablevalueforpresentandfuturegenerations.”，即該公約強(qiáng)調(diào)了國(guó)際合作和國(guó)家努力保護(hù)、保存和推廣文化遺產(chǎn)的緊迫性，承認(rèn)其對(duì)當(dāng)代和未來(lái)世代的價(jià)值。C選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)在全球范圍內(nèi)保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)的重要性”最能體現(xiàn)原文對(duì)公約的描述。A選項(xiàng)“它只關(guān)注保護(hù)自然遺產(chǎn)”與“WorldCulturalandNaturalHeritage”不符。B選項(xiàng)“它呼吁在國(guó)際文化事務(wù)中進(jìn)行最小的干預(yù)”與原文強(qiáng)調(diào)國(guó)際合作不符。D選項(xiàng)“它為受損遺產(chǎn)提供經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償”未在文中提及。9.C解析思路：文章首段定義了數(shù)字游民現(xiàn)象，明確指出“characterizedbyindividualsworkingremotelywhiletravelingorlivinginvariouslocationsglobally.”，即個(gè)體在遠(yuǎn)程工作同時(shí)旅行或居住在不同地點(diǎn)。C選項(xiàng)“在遠(yuǎn)程工作同時(shí)旅行或居住在不同地點(diǎn)”準(zhǔn)確反映了這一定義。A選項(xiàng)“在傳統(tǒng)辦公室環(huán)境中全球工作”與定義相反。B選項(xiàng)“在一個(gè)固定地點(diǎn)長(zhǎng)期就業(yè)”也與定義相反。D選項(xiàng)“頻繁更換工作在不同行業(yè)”未涉及工作地點(diǎn)的移動(dòng)性。10.B解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段，數(shù)字游民現(xiàn)象增長(zhǎng)的原因包括：第一，“Technologicaladvancements,particularlyintechnology,particularlyhigh-speedinternetandmobileconnectivity.”，即技術(shù)進(jìn)步，特別是高速互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和移動(dòng)連接。第二，“alongwitharisingnumberofremote-friendlyjobopportunitiesinfieldslikesoftwaredevelopment,writing,design,anddigitalmarketing.”，即越來(lái)越多的適合遠(yuǎn)程工作的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，特別是在軟件開發(fā)、寫作、設(shè)計(jì)和數(shù)字營(yíng)銷領(lǐng)域。第三，“andculturalcuriosity.”，即文化好奇心。B選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)進(jìn)步、適合遠(yuǎn)程工作的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)增加以及文化好奇心”全面概括了原文提到的因素。A選項(xiàng)與原文相反。C選項(xiàng)“旅行限制增加和livingcostshigher”是挑戰(zhàn)，不是原因。D選項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)辦公室工作減少和networkingopportunitiesfewer”未在原文提及。11.B解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段，數(shù)字游民生活方式的好處包括“enhancedwork-lifebalance”（更好的工作生活平衡），原文提到“flexibility”（靈活性），這與更好的平衡相關(guān)?！發(fā)owerlivingcostsinsomedestinations”（在某些目的地較低的生活成本）直接在原文提及?！癮ndtheopportunitytoexperiencedifferentculturesfirsthand”（有機(jī)會(huì)親身體驗(yàn)不同文化）也在原文提及。B選項(xiàng)“更好的工作生活平衡、在某些目的地較低的生活成本以及親身體驗(yàn)不同文化的機(jī)會(huì)”概括了這些好處。A選項(xiàng)“比當(dāng)?shù)毓と烁叩墓べY”未提及。C選項(xiàng)“在任何地方都有穩(wěn)定的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接”與原文“unstableinternetaccessincertainareas”矛盾。D選項(xiàng)“更容易獲得長(zhǎng)期簽證”未提及。12.B解析思路：文章第三段列舉了數(shù)字游民的挑戰(zhàn)。首先提到“Achievingreliableinternetaccesscanbedifficultinsomelocations.”，即在一些地方獲得可靠的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接是困難的。接著提到“Visarestrictionsforlongerstayscanbeasignificanthurdle.”，即長(zhǎng)期簽證限制是一個(gè)重大障礙。然后說(shuō)“requiresconstantself-discipline.”，即需要持續(xù)的自我紀(jì)律。緊接著“feelingsofisolationordetachmentfromestablishedcommunitiescanbesignificanthurdles.”，即孤立感或與固定社區(qū)分離感是重大障礙。最后提到“sustainabilityofthislifestylealsoraisesquestionsaboutitsenvironmentalimpact...andthepotentialstrainonlocalinfrastructureinpopular'digitalhub'locations.”，即這種生活方式的可持續(xù)性也引發(fā)了對(duì)其環(huán)境影響以及可能給熱門“數(shù)字中心”地區(qū)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施帶來(lái)壓力的問(wèn)題。B選項(xiàng)“在一些地方難以獲得可靠的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接、長(zhǎng)期簽證限制、需要持續(xù)的自我紀(jì)律、孤立感或與固定社區(qū)分離感重大障礙、以及這種生活方式的可持續(xù)性問(wèn)題”全面概括了原文提到的挑戰(zhàn)。A選項(xiàng)“只能在特定時(shí)間工作”未提及。C選項(xiàng)“在熱門目的地有限的就業(yè)選項(xiàng)”未提及。D選項(xiàng)“建立本地社交聯(lián)系困難”與原文“feelingsofisolationordetachment”相關(guān)，但不是全部挑戰(zhàn)。PartIIWritingSomepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldinvestheavilyinfundingspaceexplorationprograms,whileothersarguethattheseresourceswouldbebetterallocatedtosolvingpressingproblemsonEarth,suchaspoverty,healthcare,andeducation.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Anessay:Spaceexplorationhaslongbeenapursuitdrivenbyhumancuriosityandthedesiretopushtheboundariesofknowledge.ThedebateoverwhethergovernmentsshouldallocatesignificantfundstospaceprogramsversususingthoseresourcestoaddressurgentissuesonEarth,suchaspoverty,healthcare,andeducation,isacomplexone.Bothsidesoftheargumenthavevalidpoints.Advocatesforgovernmentinvestmentinspaceexplorationarguethatsuchendeavorsyieldsubstantiallong-termbenefits.Firstly,spaceresearchoftenleadstotechnologicalinnovationsthathavepracticalapplicationsonEarth.Developmentsinmaterialsscience,telecommunications,andmedicalimaging,forinstance,haveoriginatedfromspaceprograms.Secondly,investinginspacefostersscientificadvancementandinspiresthenextgenerationofscientistsandengineers,potentiallysolvingfutureglobalchallenges.Furthermore,proponentsbelievethatunderstandingouterspaceiscrucialforthelong-termsurvivalandsustainabi