2025年全國英語等級考試（PETS）四級試卷：量子計(jì)算英語理解測試考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項(xiàng)選擇要求：本部分共有20道小題，每小題2分，共40分。每小題提供四個選項(xiàng)，其中只有一個是符合題意的。仔細(xì)閱讀每道小題，選擇最合適的答案。咱們得好好看看這些選項(xiàng)，別被那些看似相似的詞匯給騙了，得抓住句子的核心意思，才能選對。比如說，有些題可能考查固定搭配，有些則是上下文理解，還有些是詞義辨析，所以得靈活運(yùn)用咱們學(xué)過的知識。1.Therapiddevelopmentofquantumcomputinghas______thetraditionalcomputerindustry,forcingcompaniestoadaptorfaceobsolescence.A.revolutionizedB.marginalizedC.augmentedD.validated2.Quantumbits,orqubits,canexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously,which______theirpotentialforprocessingcomplexcalculationsfarbeyondclassicalbits.A.diminishesB.accentuatesC.negatesD.complicates3.Quantumentanglement,aphenomenonwhereparticlesremainconnectedregardlessofdistance,______thefoundationforquantumcommunicationandcryptography.A.underminesB.exemplifiesC.contradictsD.mitigates4.Quantumcomputersareexpectedtosolvecertainproblems,likelarge-scaleoptimization,muchfasterthanclassicalcomputers,______aparadigmshiftincomputationalcapabilities.A.constitutingB.exacerbatingC.preservingD.complicating5.Theconceptofquantumsupremacyreferstothepointwherequantumcomputerscanperformtasksthatarepracticallyimpossibleforclassicalcomputers,______asignificantmilestoneintechnologicaladvancement.A.denotingB.negatingC.complicatingD.facilitating6.Quantumerrorcorrectioniscrucialformaintainingthestabilityofquantumcomputations,aserrorscaneasilydisruptthedelicatequantumstates.A.exacerbatingB.mitigatingC.facilitatingD.negating7.Quantumcryptographyleveragestheprinciplesofquantummechanicstoensuresecurecommunication,makingitnearlyimpossibleforeavesdropperstointerceptmessageswithoutdetection.A.underminesB.enhancesC.complicatesD.diminishes8.Thefieldofquantumcomputingisinterdisciplinary,requiringexpertiseinphysics,computerscience,andmathematicstofullygraspitscomplexities.A.integratingB.marginalizingC.fragmentingD.isolating9.Quantumalgorithms,suchasShor'salgorithmforfactorization,havethepotentialtobreakmanyofthecryptographicsystemscurrentlyinuse.A.obsolescingB.enhancingC.preservingD.complicating10.Thedecoherenceofqubits,causedbyinteractionswiththeirenvironment,isamajorchallengeinbuildingpracticalquantumcomputers.A.diminishesB.enhancesC.mitigatesD.complicates11.Quantumteleportation,thetransferofquantuminformationoverlargedistances,reliesontheentanglementofparticlestoachieveinstantaneouscommunication.A.underminesB.exemplifiesC.contradictsD.mitigates12.Thedevelopmentofquantumsimulatorshasallowedresearcherstomodelandstudyquantumphenomenawithouttheneedforphysicalquantumhardware.A.facilitatingB.complicatingC.marginalizingD.isolating13.Quantumannealingisamethodusedtofindtheoptimalsolutiontocomplexoptimizationproblemsbygraduallyadjustingquantumstates.A.denotingB.exacerbatingC.preservingD.facilitating14.TheNo-CloningTheoreminquantummechanicsstatesthatitisimpossibletocreateanidenticalcopyofanarbitraryunknownquantumstate,whichhasimplicationsforquantuminformationtheory.A.underminesB.exemplifiesC.contradictsD.mitigates15.Quantummachinelearningcombinesprinciplesofquantummechanicswithmachinelearningalgorithmstopotentiallysolvecomputationalproblemsmoreefficiently.A.diminishesB.accentuatesC.negatesD.complicates16.Theimplementationofquantumcomputersfacessignificantengineeringchallenges,suchasmaintainingqubitcoherenceandscalingupthenumberofqubits.A.exacerbatingB.mitigatingC.facilitatingD.complicating17.Quantumcomputinghasthepotentialtorevolutionizefieldslikemedicine,finance,andartificialintelligencebysolvingproblemsthatarecurrentlyintractable.A.denotingB.negatingC.complicatingD.facilitating18.Thestudyofquantumalgorithmsinvolvesunderstandinghowtodesigncomputationsthattakeadvantageofquantumparallelismandsuperposition.A.integratingB.marginalizingC.fragmentingD.isolating19.Quantumkeydistribution(QKD)protocolsensurethesecurityofcommunicationbydetectinganyattempttoeavesdroponthekeyexchangeprocess.A.underminesB.enhancesC.complicatesD.diminishes20.Thefutureofquantumcomputinghingesontheabilitytoovercomecurrentlimitations,suchaserrorratesandqubitscalability,torealizeitsfullpotential.A.denotingB.exacerbatingC.preservingD.facilitating二、閱讀理解要求：本部分共有5篇文章，每篇文章后面有5道小題，每小題2分，共40分。仔細(xì)閱讀每篇文章，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容回答問題。有些文章可能比較長，咱們得耐心讀，抓住每一段的中心思想，這樣回答問題才能得心應(yīng)手。有些題可能是細(xì)節(jié)題，有些則是主旨題，還有些是推理題，所以得靈活運(yùn)用咱們的方法。閱讀下面的文章，回答問題。Quantumcomputingrepresentsarevolutionaryshiftincomputationaltechnology,leveragingtheprinciplesofquantummechanicstoperformcalculationsatspeedsunattainablebyclassicalcomputers.Attheheartofthistechnologyarequantumbits,orqubits,whichcanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously,apropertyknownassuperposition.Thisallowsquantumcomputerstoprocessavastamountofinformationatonce,makingthemparticularlywell-suitedforsolvingcomplexproblemsinfieldslikecryptography,drugdiscovery,andfinancialmodeling.However,thedevelopmentofquantumcomputersisnotwithoutitschallenges.Quantumentanglement,whileapowerfulphenomenon,isalsofragileandeasilydisruptedbytheenvironment,aproblemknownasdecoherence.Additionally,quantumerrorcorrectioniscrucialformaintainingthestabilityofquantumcomputations,aserrorscaneasilyderailthedelicatequantumstates.Despitethesehurdles,researchersaremakingsignificantprogressinovercomingthesechallenges,withthepotentialforquantumcomputerstobecomearealitywithinthenextdecade.21.Whatisthemaincharacteristicofqubitsthatmakesquantumcomputerspowerful?A.Theycanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously.B.Theyarefasterthanclassicalbits.C.Theyaremoresecurethanclassicalbits.D.Theyareeasiertomanufacturethanclassicalbits.22.Whatisdecoherenceinthecontextofquantumcomputing?A.Theprocessoftransferringquantuminformationoverlargedistances.B.Theinteractionofqubitswiththeirenvironmentthatdisruptsquantumstates.C.Themethodusedtofindtheoptimalsolutiontocomplexoptimizationproblems.D.Theprinciplethatmakesitimpossibletocreateanidenticalcopyofaquantumstate.23.Whyisquantumerrorcorrectionimportantforquantumcomputers?A.Itenhancesthespeedofquantumcomputations.B.Itmitigatestheneedforquantumsimulators.C.Itensuresthestabilityofquantumcomputationsbycorrectingerrors.D.ItcontradictstheNo-CloningTheorem.24.Whatisquantumteleportation?A.Theprocessofgraduallyadjustingquantumstatestofindoptimalsolutions.B.Thetransferofquantuminformationoverlargedistancesusingentanglement.C.Themethodofensuringsecurecommunicationthroughquantumcryptography.D.Thestudyofhowtodesigncomputationsthattakeadvantageofquantumparallelism.25.Whatisthepotentialimpactofquantumcomputingonvariousfields?A.Itwillmakeclassicalcomputersobsolete.B.Itwillsolveproblemsthatarecurrentlyintractableinmedicine,finance,andAI.C.Itwillincreasetheneedforquantumsimulators.D.Itwillenhancethesecurityofquantumkeydistributionprotocols.三、完形填空要求：本部分共有1篇文章，文章中有10處空白，每處空白有4個選項(xiàng)，其中只有一個是符合題意的。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇合適的選項(xiàng)填入空白處。咱們得仔細(xì)琢磨這篇文章，看看上下文怎么說的，這樣填空才能又快又準(zhǔn)。有些空可能考查詞匯搭配，有些則是固定短語，還有些是上下文邏輯，所以得靈活運(yùn)用咱們學(xué)過的知識。Therapidadvancementofquantumcomputinghas26aseismicshiftinthetechnologicallandscape,promisingtosolveproblemsthatwereoncethoughttobeimpossibleforclassicalcomputers.Atthe27ofthisrevolutionarequantumbits,orqubits,whichunlikeclassicalbitscanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneouslyduetoapropertyknownassuperposition.Thisallowsquantumcomputerstoprocessavastamountofinformation28,makingthemexceptionallywell-suitedfortaskslikecryptography,drugdiscovery,andfinancialmodeling.However,thejourneytowardspracticalquantumcomputingisnotwithoutits29.Quantumentanglement,aphenomenonwhereparticlesremainconnectedregardlessofdistance,isbothadouble-edgedswordandthefoundationforquantumcommunicationandcryptography.Whileitenablespowerfulcomputationalcapabilities,itisalsofragileandeasilydisruptedbytheenvironment,aproblemknownasdecoherence.30,quantumerrorcorrectioniscrucialformaintainingthestabilityofquantumcomputations,aserrorscaneasilyderailthedelicatequantumstates.Despitethesechallenges,researchersaremakingsignificantstridesinovercomingthem.Quantumsimulators,whichallowresearcherstomodelandstudyquantumphenomenawithouttheneedforphysicalquantumhardware,havebeeninvaluableinunderstandingtheintricaciesofquantummechanics.31,thedevelopmentofquantumalgorithms,suchasShor'salgorithmforfactorization,hasthepotentialtobreakmanyofthecryptographicsystemscurrentlyinuse,highlightingtheneedforquantum-resistantcryptography.Theimplementationofquantumcomputersfacessignificantengineeringchallenges,suchasmaintainingqubitcoherenceandscalingupthenumberofqubits.32,thefieldofquantumcomputingisinterdisciplinary,requiringexpertiseinphysics,computerscience,andmathematicstofullygraspitscomplexities.Thefutureofquantumcomputinghingesontheabilitytoovercomecurrentlimitations,suchaserrorratesandqubitscalability,torealizeitsfullpotential.33,theimpactofquantumcomputingonvariousfields,includingmedicine,finance,andartificialintelligence,isexpectedtobeprofound,potentiallyusheringinaneweraoftechnologicalinnovation.26.A.precipitatedB.augmentedC.marginalizedD.facilitated27.A.forefrontB.backendC.outskirtsD.core28.A.concurrentlyB.sequentiallyC.independentlyD.intermittently29.A.obstaclesB.opportunitiesC.advancementsD.discoveries30.A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.NeverthelessD.Therefore31.A.SimilarlyB.ConverselyC.AdditionallyD.Otherwise32.A.FurthermoreB.MoreoverC.NeverthelessD.Therefore33.A.EventuallyB.CurrentlyC.ProgressivelyD.Instantly四、翻譯要求：本部分共有5個句子，每句2分，共10分。將下列句子從英文翻譯成中文。咱們得好好理解這些句子的意思，然后用準(zhǔn)確的中文表達(dá)出來。翻譯的時候要注意詞語的選擇和句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，力求準(zhǔn)確、流暢。有些句子可能比較長，咱們得耐心分析，抓住句子的核心意思，才能翻譯得準(zhǔn)確。34.Quantumentanglement,aphenomenonwhereparticlesremainconnectedregardlessofdistance,enablesquantumcomputerstoperformcomplexcalculationsatunprecedentedspeeds.35.Thedevelopmentofquantumerrorcorrectiontechniquesisessentialformaintainingthestabilityandreliabilityofquantumcomputations,aserrorscaneasilydisruptthedelicatequantumstates.36.Quantumcryptographyleveragestheprinciplesofquantummechanicstoensuresecurecommunication,makingitnearlyimpossibleforeavesdropperstointerceptmessageswithoutdetection.37.Theinterdisciplinarynatureofquantumcomputingrequirescollaborationamongphysicists,computerscientists,andmathematicianstofullyunderstandandharnessitspotential.38.Quantumsimulators,whichallowresearcherstomodelandstudyquantumphenomenawithouttheneedforphysicalquantumhardware,havebeeninstrumentalinadvancingourunderstandingofquantummechanics.本次試卷答案如下一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Arevolutionized解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算的快速發(fā)展徹底改變了傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)行業(yè)，迫使公司要么適應(yīng)要么面臨淘汰。revolutionized意為“使徹底變革”，符合句意。marginalized意為“使邊緣化”，augmented意為“使增強(qiáng)”，validated意為“使證實(shí)”，都不符合句意。2.Baccentuates解析：句子的意思是量子比特可以同時存在于多種狀態(tài)，這增強(qiáng)了它們處理復(fù)雜計(jì)算的能力，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過經(jīng)典比特。accentuates意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)，增強(qiáng)”，符合句意。diminishes意為“減少”，negates意為“否定”，complicates意為“使復(fù)雜”，都不符合句意。3.Bexemplifies解析：句子的意思是量子糾纏，這種現(xiàn)象中粒子無論相距多遠(yuǎn)都保持連接，exemplifies了量子通信和密碼學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)。exemplifies意為“是……的例子”，符合句意。undermines意為“破壞”，contradicts意為“反駁”，mitigates意為“減輕”，都不符合句意。4.Aconstituting解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算機(jī)預(yù)計(jì)能比經(jīng)典計(jì)算機(jī)更快地解決某些問題，如大規(guī)模優(yōu)化，這構(gòu)成了計(jì)算能力的范式轉(zhuǎn)變。constituting意為“構(gòu)成”，符合句意。exacerbating意為“加劇”，preserving意為“保存”，complicating意為“使復(fù)雜”，都不符合句意。5.Adenoting解析：句子的意思是量子優(yōu)越性是指量子計(jì)算機(jī)能夠執(zhí)行經(jīng)典計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)際上不可能完成的任務(wù)，denoting了一個重大技術(shù)進(jìn)步的里程碑。denoting意為“表示，指示”，符合句意。negating意為“否定”，complicating意為“使復(fù)雜”，facilitating意為“促進(jìn)”，都不符合句意。6.Bmitigating解析：句子的意思是量子糾錯對于保持量子計(jì)算的穩(wěn)定性至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)殄e誤很容易破壞微妙的量子狀態(tài)。mitigating意為“減輕”，符合句意。exacerbating意為“加劇”，facilitating意為“促進(jìn)”，negating意為“否定”，都不符合句意。7.Benhances解析：句子的意思是量子密碼學(xué)利用量子力學(xué)的原理來確保安全通信，使攔截消息幾乎不可能而不被檢測到。enhances意為“增強(qiáng)”，符合句意。undermines意為“破壞”，complicates意為“使復(fù)雜”，diminishes意為“減少”，都不符合句意。8.Aintegrating解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算領(lǐng)域是跨學(xué)科的，需要物理學(xué)、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)的專業(yè)知識才能完全理解其復(fù)雜性。integrating意為“使結(jié)合”，符合句意。marginalizing意為“使邊緣化”，fragmenting意為“使分裂”，isolating意為“使隔離”，都不符合句意。9.Aobsolescing解析：句子的意思是量子算法，如用于因式分解的Shor算法，有潛力打破當(dāng)前使用的許多加密系統(tǒng)。obsolescing意為“使過時”，符合句意。enhancing意為“增強(qiáng)”，preserving意為“保存”，complicating意為“使復(fù)雜”，都不符合句意。10.Dcomplicating解析：句子的意思是量子比特的退相干，由與環(huán)境相互作用引起，是建造實(shí)用量子計(jì)算機(jī)的一個主要挑戰(zhàn)。complicating意為“使復(fù)雜”，符合句意。diminishes意為“減少”，enhances意為“增強(qiáng)”，mitigates意為“減輕”，都不符合句意。11.Bexemplifies解析：句子的意思是量子隱形傳態(tài)，即在大型距離上傳輸量子信息，依賴于粒子的糾纏來實(shí)現(xiàn)瞬時通信。exemplifies意為“是……的例子”，符合句意。undermines意為“破壞”，contradicts意為“反駁”，mitigates意為“減輕”，都不符合句意。12.Afacilitating解析：句子的意思是量子模擬器的開發(fā)允許研究人員在不需要物理量子硬件的情況下模擬和研究量子現(xiàn)象。facilitating意為“促進(jìn)”，符合句意。complicating意為“使復(fù)雜”，marginalizing意為“使邊緣化”，isolating意為“使隔離”，都不符合句意。13.Dfacilitating解析：句子的意思是量子退火是一種用于找到復(fù)雜優(yōu)化問題最優(yōu)解的方法，通過逐漸調(diào)整量子狀態(tài)。facilitating意為“促進(jìn)”，符合句意。denoting意為“表示，指示”，exacerbating意為“加劇”，preserving意為“保存”，都不符合句意。14.Bexemplifies解析：句子的意思是量子力學(xué)的不可克隆定理指出，不可能創(chuàng)建任意未知量子態(tài)的相同副本，這在量子信息理論中有影響。exemplifies意為“是……的例子”，符合句意。undermines意為“破壞”，contradicts意為“反駁”，mitigates意為“減輕”，都不符合句意。15.Baccentuates解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算與機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法相結(jié)合，結(jié)合量子力學(xué)的原理，有潛力更有效地解決計(jì)算問題。accentuates意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)，增強(qiáng)”，符合句意。diminishes意為“減少”，negates意為“否定”，complicates意為“使復(fù)雜”，都不符合句意。16.Dcomplicating解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算機(jī)的實(shí)施面臨重大工程挑戰(zhàn)，如保持量子比特相干和擴(kuò)大量子比特?cái)?shù)量。complicating意為“使復(fù)雜”，符合句意。exacerbating意為“加劇”，mitigating意為“減輕”，facilitating意為“促進(jìn)”，都不符合句意。17.Bnegating解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算有潛力徹底改變醫(yī)學(xué)、金融和人工智能等領(lǐng)域，通過解決當(dāng)前無法解決的問題。negating意為“否定”，這里應(yīng)該是指量子計(jì)算能夠解決目前無法解決的問題，但題目中翻譯為“否定”，可能存在翻譯錯誤。正確的翻譯應(yīng)該是“量子計(jì)算有潛力徹底改變醫(yī)學(xué)、金融和人工智能等領(lǐng)域，通過解決目前無法解決的問題”。18.Aintegrating解析：句子的意思是量子算法的研究涉及理解如何設(shè)計(jì)利用量子并行性和疊加性的計(jì)算。integrating意為“使結(jié)合”，符合句意。marginalizing意為“使邊緣化”，fragmenting意為“使分裂”，isolating意為“使隔離”，都不符合句意。19.Benhances解析：句子的意思是量子密鑰分發(fā)（QKD）協(xié)議通過檢測任何試圖攔截密鑰交換過程的嘗試，來確保通信的安全。enhances意為“增強(qiáng)”，符合句意。undermines意為“破壞”，complicates意為“使復(fù)雜”，diminishes意為“減少”，都不符合句意。20.Dfacilitating解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算的未來取決于克服當(dāng)前限制，如錯誤率和量子比特可擴(kuò)展性，以實(shí)現(xiàn)其全部潛力。facilitating意為“促進(jìn)”，符合句意。denoting意為“表示，指示”，exacerbating意為“加劇”，preserving意為“保存”，都不符合句意。二、閱讀理解21.ATheycanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously.解析：文章第一段提到，量子比特可以同時存在于多種狀態(tài)，即超position，這使得量子計(jì)算機(jī)能夠同時處理大量信息。因此，A選項(xiàng)是正確的。22.BTheinteractionofqubitswiththeirenvironmentthatdisruptsquantumstates.解析：文章第二段提到，量子糾纏雖然強(qiáng)大，但也容易受到環(huán)境的干擾，這個問題被稱為退相干。因此，B選項(xiàng)是正確的。23.CItensuresthestabilityofquantumcomputationsbycorrectingerrors.解析：文章第二段提到，量子糾錯對于保持量子計(jì)算的穩(wěn)定性至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)殄e誤很容易破壞微妙的量子狀態(tài)。因此，C選項(xiàng)是正確的。24.BThetransferofquantuminformationoverlargedistancesusingentanglement.解析：文章第二段提到，量子隱形傳態(tài)是指在大型距離上傳輸量子信息，依賴于粒子的糾纏來實(shí)現(xiàn)瞬時通信。因此，B選項(xiàng)是正確的。25.BItwillsolveproblemsthatarecurrentlyintractableinmedicine,finance,andAI.解析：文章第一段提到，量子計(jì)算有潛力徹底改變醫(yī)學(xué)、金融和人工智能等領(lǐng)域，通過解決目前無法解決的問題。因此，B選項(xiàng)是正確的。三、完形填空26.Aprecipitated解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算的快速發(fā)展徹底改變了技術(shù)格局，promising要解決那些經(jīng)典計(jì)算機(jī)認(rèn)為不可能的問題。precipitated意為“使突然發(fā)生”，符合句意。augmented意為“使增強(qiáng)”，marginalized意為“使邊緣化”，facilitated意為“促進(jìn)”，都不符合句意。27.Aforefront解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算革命的前沿是量子比特，它們不同于經(jīng)典比特，可以同時存在于多種狀態(tài)。forefront意為“最前線”，符合句意。backend意為“后臺”，outskirts意為“郊區(qū)”，core意為“核心”，都不符合句意。28.Aconcurrently解析：句子的意思是量子計(jì)算機(jī)能夠同時處理大量信息，makingthemexceptionallywell-suitedfortaskslikecryptography,drugdiscovery,andfinancialmodeling。concurrently意為“同時地”，符合句意。sequentially意為“按順序地”，in