心理學(xué)英語(yǔ)測(cè)試題及答案

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.“Psychology”comesfromtheGreekwords“psyche”and“l(fā)ogos”,whichmean_.A.mindandstudyB.soulandwordC.spiritandspeechD.heartandtalk答案：A2.Whichpsychologistisfamousforhistheoryofpsychoanalysis?A.CarlRogersB.B.F.SkinnerC.SigmundFreudD.JeanPiaget答案：C3.Thestudyofhowpeoplethink,learn,andrememberiscalled_.A.cognitivepsychologyB.socialpsychologyC.developmentalpsychologyD.abnormalpsychology答案：A4.InPavlov'sexperiment,thedogsalivatedatthesoundofthebell.Thebellis_.A.anunconditionedstimulusB.aconditionedstimulusC.anunconditionedresponseD.aconditionedresponse答案：B5.Whichofthefollowingisamethodusedinpsychologicalresearch?A.ExperimentB.ObservationC.SurveyD.Alloftheabove答案：D6.Whoproposedthehierarchyofneeds?A.AbrahamMaslowB.AlbertBanduraC.ErikEriksonD.LevVygotsky答案：A7.Apersonwhohasaphobiaofheightshas_.A.amooddisorderB.ananxietydisorderC.apersonalitydisorderD.apsychoticdisorder答案：B8.Theprocessofconvertingexternalstimuliintoneuralsignalsiscalled_.A.perceptionB.sensationC.transductionD.adaptation答案：C9.AccordingtoPiaget,thestagewherechildrencanthinklogicallyaboutconcreteeventsis_.A.sensorimotorstageB.preoperationalstageC.concreteoperationalstageD.formaloperationalstage答案：C10.Whichpartofthebrainismainlyresponsibleforemotions?A.CerebellumB.AmygdalaC.HippocampusD.Frontallobe答案：B二、多項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingarebranchesofpsychology?A.ClinicalpsychologyB.EducationalpsychologyC.ForensicpsychologyD.Sportspsychology答案：ABCD2.Characteristicsofagoodpsychologicaltheoryinclude_.A.testabilityB.parsimonyC.comprehensivenessD.vagueness答案：ABC3.Thefollowingarefactorsthatcanaffectmemory_.A.AttentionB.EmotionC.SleepD.Diet答案：ABC4.Insocialpsychology,conceptslike_arestudied.A.conformityB.obedienceC.prejudiceD.altruism答案：ABCD5.Whichofthefollowingaretypesoflearning?A.ClassicalconditioningB.OperantconditioningC.ObservationallearningD.Insightlearning答案：ABCD6.Psychologicaldisorderscanbetreatedby_.A.PsychotherapyB.MedicationC.ElectroconvulsivetherapyD.Lighttherapy答案：ABC7.Themainfunctionsofthenervoussystemare_.A.SensingB.IntegratingC.ReactingD.Sleeping答案：ABC8.Thestagesofsleepinclude_.A.NREM-1B.NREM-2C.NREM-3D.REM答案：ABCD9.Whichofthefollowingareaspectsofpersonality?A.ExtraversionB.NeuroticismC.OpennessD.Conscientiousness答案：ABCD10.Visualperceptioninvolves_.A.ColorperceptionB.ShapeperceptionC.DepthperceptionD.Motionperception答案：ABCD三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1.Psychologyonlystudiesabnormalbehavior.(False)2.Skinnerbelievedthatbehaviorisdeterminedbyitsconsequences.(True)3.Allpsychologicalresearchrequirestheuseofhumansubjects.(False)4.Apersonwithschizophreniahasmultiplepersonalities.(False)5.Memoryisasingle,unitaryprocess.(False)6.Socialinfluencecanonlyhavenegativeeffects.(False)7.Thebrainisfullydevelopedatbirth.(False)8.Everyoneexperiencesthesamestagesofcognitivedevelopmentatthesameage.(False)9.Psychologicalstressalwayshasnegativeimpactsonhealth.(False)10.Allpsychologicaldisordersarecausedbygeneticfactors.(False)四、簡(jiǎn)答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Brieflyexplainwhatiscognitivedissonance.Answer:Cognitivedissonanceisthementaldiscomfortthatoccurswhenapersonholdstwoormorecontradictorybeliefs,values,orattitudes.Itoftenleadspeopletochangetheirbeliefsorbehaviorstoreducethisdiscomfort.2.Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenclassicalconditioningandoperantconditioning?Answer:Inclassicalconditioning,aninvoluntaryresponseisassociatedwithanewstimulus.Inoperantconditioning,behaviorisstrengthenedorweakenedbyitsconsequences,anditinvolvesvoluntaryactions.3.Nametwotypesofpsychotherapy.Answer:Twotypesarecognitive-behavioraltherapywhichfocusesonchangingthoughtsandbehaviors,andpsychodynamictherapywhichexploresunconsciousconflicts.4.Howdoescultureinfluencepsychologicalprocesses?Answer:Culturecaninfluenceperception,values,communicationstyles,andconceptsofself.Itcanalsoaffecthowpsychologicaldisordersareexpressedandtreated.五、討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.Discusstheimportanceofethicsinpsychologicalresearch.Answer:Ethicsiscrucial.Itprotectstherightsandwell-beingofparticipants,ensureshonestyindatacollectionandreporting,andmaintainstheintegrityoftheresearchfield.2.Shouldchildrenbeexposedtopsychologicalresearch?Answer:Itcanbebeneficialifpropersafeguardsareinplace.Itcancontributetounderstandingchilddevelopment,butmustensurenoharmandobtainproperconsent.3.Howcanpsychologyhelpinimprovingworkplaceproductivity?Answer:Byunderstandingmotivation,groupdynamics,andstressmanagement.Itca