第一部分基礎(chǔ)考點講析選擇性必修第四冊UNIT4SHARINGⅠ.分類記單詞

快速掌握1.

閱讀單詞——認一認(1)jam

n.

?(2)mail

n.

?vt.

?(3)clay

n.

?(4)weed

n.

vt.&

vi.

?(5)chorus

n.

?vt.

?果醬；堵塞郵件；信件；郵政郵寄；發(fā)電郵給黏土；陶土雜草；野草除雜草合唱曲；合唱團合唱；齊聲說(6)tablet

n.

?(7)washroom

n.

?(8)rigid

adj.

?(9)bubble

vi.

?(10)tube

n.

?(11)circus

n.

?(12)jaw

n.

?(13)hut

n.

?平板電腦；便箋本；藥片洗手間；廁所死板的；固執(zhí)的起泡；沸騰管子；管狀物馬戲團頜；下巴簡陋的小房子(或棚、舍)

(14)housing

n.

?(15)platform

n.

?(16)fireplace

n.

?(17)saucer

n.

?(18)kettle

n.

?(19)pan

n.

?(20)jar

n.

?(21)grill

n.

?住房；住宅平臺；站臺；舞臺壁爐茶碟；杯托(燒水用的)壺；水壺平底鍋；烤盤罐子；壇子烤架；烤肉餐館(22)doorway

n.

?(23)leftover

adj.

?n.

?(24)handshake

n.

?(25)privilege

n.

?(26)tune

n.

?vt.

?(27)grant

vt.

n.

?門口；出入口；門道吃剩的；殘留的吃剩的食物；遺留物握手優(yōu)惠待遇；特權(quán)曲調(diào)；曲子調(diào)音；調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)頻道同意；準許撥款(28)cardiac

adj.

?(29)circuit

n.

?(30)criterion

n.

?(31)hypothetical

adj.

?心臟病的；心臟的巡回；環(huán)形線路標準；準則；原則假設(shè)的；假定的2.

核心單詞——寫一寫(1)

n.包裹vt.裹好；打包(2)

adj.中學的；次要的(3)

n.棉布；棉花(4)

n.校服；制服adj.一致的；統(tǒng)一的(5)

vt.給……遮擋(光線)；加燈罩；把……涂暗n.陰涼處；燈罩；陰影部分(6)

vt.&

vi.

(使臉上)起皺紋；皺起

n.皺紋parcel

secondary

cotton

uniform

shade

wrinkle

(7)

n.額；前額(8)

vt.拖；拽vt.&

vi.緩慢而費力地移動(9)

vt.封堵；補足n.堵塞物；插頭；插座(10)

vi.&

vt.辭職；辭去(11)

vt.值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受(12)

n.情況；信息；投入；輸入vt.輸入(13)

vt.感染(疾病)；與……訂立合同(或契約)

n.

合同；契約forehead

drag

plug

resign

deserve

input

contract

(14)

vt.轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)；轉(zhuǎn)播n.接力賽；接班的人(15)

vi.&

vt.企盼；祈禱(16)

n.沙土；灰塵vi.&

vt.擦灰→

adj.布

滿灰塵的(17)

n.橡皮；黑板擦；橡膠→

vt.&

vi.擦；

摩擦；揉；搓relay

pray

dust

dusty

rubber

rub

(18)

n.化學家；藥劑師；藥房→

n.

化學→

adj.化學的chemist

chemistry

chemical

ripe

ripen

(19)

adj.成熟的；時機成熟的→

vt.&

vi.

(使)

成熟(20)

adj.有殘疾的；喪失能力的

→

n.缺陷；障礙(21)

adv.最近；不久前；近來→

adj.最新

的；最近的→

adj.后半期的；后者的；末尾的(22)

n.咨詢；咨詢會→

vt.咨詢；

請教→

n.顧問(23)

n.穩(wěn)定(性)；穩(wěn)固(性)→

adj.穩(wěn)定

的；牢固的→

adj.不穩(wěn)定的disabled

disability

lately

latest

latter

consultation

consult

consultant

stability

stable

unstable

Ⅱ.填空習短語

高效識記1.

齊聲；異口同聲2.

更不用說；且不說3.

認為……是理所當然；對……不

予重視4.

轉(zhuǎn)達給……；轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給……5.

?但愿6.

contribute

to

?7.

in

addition

?8.

be

related

to

?a

chorus

of

not

to

mention

take

for

granted

relay

to

pray

that

對……作出貢獻另外與……有關(guān)Ⅲ.精彩寫句式

典句背誦1.

The

other

day

I

was

showing

the

boys

a

chemistry

experiment

when，before

I

knew

it，the

mixture

was

bubbling

out

of

the

test

tube

spilling

everywhere！(be

doing…when…“正在

做……，這時(突然)……”)2.

To

be

honest，I

(懷疑是否)

I’m

making

any

difference

to

these

boys’

lives

at

all.(doubt

whether…“懷疑

是否……”)doubt

whether

3.

Now，

(不僅)

Tanzanians

helped

by

the

hospital，but

people

in

neighbouring

countries

are

helped

as

well.(not

only…引起的部分倒裝)not

only

are

shade

vt.給……遮擋(光線)；加燈罩；把……涂暗n.陰涼

處；燈罩；陰影部分；色彩，色度[教材原句]

…first，

up

a

mountain

from

where

we

had

fantastic

views，

and

then

down

a

shaded

path

to

the

valley

below.……首先，我們登上一座山，從那里可以欣賞到美妙的景

色，然后沿著一條陰涼的小路走到下面的山谷。①The

courtyard

was

shaded

by

high

trees.

?

?②The

trees

provide

shade

for

the

animals

in

summer.

?③I

bought

a

new

shade

for

the

lamp.

?④Cool

shades

are

just

right

for

summer

and

warm

ones

are

suitable

for

winter.

?vt.給……遮擋

(光線)

n.陰涼處n.燈罩n.色彩，色度寫出下列句中shade的詞性及意思in

the

shade

(of…)在(……的)陰涼處/陰暗處put…in

the

shade使……黯然失色；使……相形見絀a

shade

of少許；微微shade…from/against…給……遮擋……shade…with…用……遮擋……[名師點津]

當shade意為“陰”時，是一個立體的概念，沒

有明確的輪廓，故應(yīng)該用in而不該用under。With

no

trees

offering

shade，

she

shaded

her

eyes

one

hand

the

sun.沒有樹木遮蔭，她用一只手遮擋陽光。with

from/against

privilege

n.優(yōu)惠待遇；特權(quán)[教材原句]

It

was

such

a

privilege

to

have

spent

a

day

with

Tombe’s

family.和湯貝一家度過一天是一種榮幸。(1)It’s

a

privilege

(for

sb.)

to

do

sth.(對某人來說)做某事是一

種榮幸have

the

privilege

to

do

/of

doing…有特權(quán)/很榮幸做某事(2)privileged

adj.有特權(quán)的；受特別優(yōu)待的；榮幸的be/feel

privileged

to

do

sth.有幸做某事①It’s

such

privilege

to

be

a

part

of

these

kids’

lives，even

just

for

a

few

hours，getting

to

know

them

and

hearing

their

stories.成為這些孩子生活的一部分是一種榮幸，哪怕只是幾個小

時，去了解他們，聽他們的故事。②I’ll

feel

(privilege)

to

be

your

guide

during

the

visit.我很榮幸在參觀期間擔任您的向?qū)А

privileged

③I

hope

to

have

the

privilege

(work)

with

them

again.但愿我有幸與他們再次一起工作。to

work

resign

vi.&

vt.辭職；辭去[教材原句]

One

of

my

dreams

is

to

work

in

Africa

and

continue

to

help

the

disabled

after

I

resign

from

my

job.我的夢想之一是在非洲工作，辭職后繼續(xù)幫助殘疾人。(1)resign

from…辭職；從……辭職resign

as…辭去……的職務(wù)resign

oneself

to

(doing)

sth.聽任擺布/只好接受(做)某事resign…to…把某人托付給……(2)resignation

n.辭職信；辭呈；順從；聽任①Dr.Rowan，whose

secretary

(resign)

two

weeks

ago，has

had

to

do

all

his

own

typing.羅恩醫(yī)生的秘書兩周前辭職了，所以他不得不自己打字。resigned

②I

resign

my

child

your

care

while

I

am

away.我不在的時候把孩子交給你照顧。③In

no

situation

shall

we

resign

(us)

to

our

fate.在任何情況下，我們都不能聽天由命。to

ourselves

deserve

vt.值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受[教材原句]

“I

think

everyone

deserves

the

right

to

be

happy，”

she

said.她說道：“我認為每個人都應(yīng)該有得到快樂的權(quán)利。”(1)deserve

to

do

sth.應(yīng)該/值得做某事deserve

doing/to

be

done值得(被)做deserve

consideration/attention/a

rest值得考慮/注意/應(yīng)該休息A

good

deed

deserves

another

one.善有善報。(2)deserved

adj.應(yīng)得的；理所當然的；該受的①He

got

much

(deserve)

praise

due

to

helping

many

disabled

people.由于幫助了許多殘疾人，他得到了當之無愧的贊揚。deserved

②Whoever

you

are，you

deserve

(treat)

equally.不管你是誰，你都應(yīng)該得到平等的對待。③It’s

true

that

she

made

a

mistake

but

she

hardly

deserves

?

(lose)

her

job.她確實犯了一個錯誤，但她不至于失去工作。to

be

treated

to

lose

consultation

n.咨詢；咨詢會[教材原句]

My

mother

also

does

a

circuit

of

the

rural

villages

to

provide

medical

treatment，

help

those

with

disabilities，

and

provide

consultation

and

training

for

local

doctors.

我媽媽還做了一個農(nóng)村巡回，提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)，幫助殘疾人，

并為當?shù)蒯t(yī)生提供咨詢和培訓。(1)in

consultation

with…經(jīng)與……磋商(2)consult

vt.&

vi.商量；咨詢；請教；查閱consult

sb.

about/on

sth.向某人請教/咨詢某事consult

with

sb.

about/on

sth.向某人咨詢某事；與某人商量

某事(3)consultant

n.顧問；高級顧問醫(yī)師[名師點津]

consult可用作不及物動詞，也可用作及物動

詞。意為“請教”時，多接人作賓語；意為“翻閱”時，常

接書、詞典、地圖等作賓語；意為“與……商量”時，可接

介詞with；意為“請教或商議”時，一般可接介詞about或

on。①Yesterday

he

had

a

with

a

.

After

her

for

a

whole

afternoon，

he

decided

to

take

her

advice

on

how

to

keep

healthy.

(consult)②In

order

to

improve

his

English

quickly，

he

often

goes

to

my

office

to

consult

me

the

methods

of

learning

English.consultation

consultant

consulting

about/on

drag

vt.拖；拽

vt.&

vi.緩慢而費力地移動用于描述手部動作的單詞、短語：drag/draw/pull拉；cup

one’s

hands

over…把手窩成杯狀；

slide

one’s

hands

into…將手伸進……；put

one’s

hands

to

one’s

cheeks/bury

one’s

face

with

one’s

hands雙手掩面；

spread

one’s

hands攤開雙手①The

chemist

with

a

wrinkled

face

(drag)

the

dusty

parcel

from

under

the

bed

and

unfolded

it.②The

father

stood

up，

gazed

in

the

eyes

of

his

son

and

his

son’s

face.+這位父親站起來，凝視著他兒子的眼睛，把手窩成杯狀托住

兒子的臉。dragged

cupped

his

hands

over

③So

ashamed

was

she

that

she

/

?

，

feeling

blood

rush

to

her

face.她如此羞愧，以至于她用雙手捂住臉，感覺血液涌上臉龐。put

her

hands

to

her

cheeks

buried

her

face

with

her

hands

④He

and

shrugged

his

shoulders，

indicating

that

he

didn’t

?

my

wallet

just

now.他攤開雙手，聳聳肩，表示他剛才沒有把手伸進我的錢包。spread

his

hands

slide

his

hands

into

contract

vt.感染(疾病)；與……訂立合同(或契約)

n.合

同；契約contract

in

(to

sth.)訂約參與contract

out

(of

sth.)訂約不參與；退出(或不參加)……合約contract

sth.

out

(to

sb.)訂約把……承包出去①Many

employees

contracted

the

pension

plan.②I

was

unwilling

to

subscribe

to

the

(contract)，

but

it

seemed

that

I

had

no

choice.out

of

contract

grant

vt.同意；準許

n.撥款(1)grant

sb.

sth./grant

sth.

to

sb.給予/批準某人某物(2)apply

for

a

grant申請補助(3)take

sb./sth.

for

granted(因習以為常)對……不予重視；(因視為當然而)不把……當

回事take

it

for

granted

(that…)認為……是理所當然①He

was

granted

a

license

mine

in

the

area.②Tom

was

careful

not

to

take

his

advice

for

(grant).③Some

of

us

take

for

granted

that

our

parents

should

always

take

good

care

of

us.to

granted

it

not

to

mention更不用說；且不說[教材原句]

There’s

no

electricity，

running

water

or

even

textbooks，not

to

mention

laptops，tablets，or

other

modern

devices！那兒沒有電，沒有自來水，甚至連課本都沒有，更不用說筆

記本電腦、平板電腦或其他現(xiàn)代化設(shè)備了！not

to

mention在句中作插入語。常見插入語如下：in

other

words換句話說what’s

more而且；另外what’s

worse更糟糕的是to

make

things

worse更糟糕的是generally/frankly/honestly

speaking一般來說/坦率地說/老實說to

tell

(you)

the

truth說實話to

be

honest老實說to

begin/start

with首先①There

is

not

enough

water，

?

food.水都不夠，更不必說食物了。②

，the

weather

there

is

neither

too

cold

in

winter

nor

too

hot

in

summer.一般來說，那兒的氣候冬天不太冷，夏天不太熱。not

to

mention

Generally

speaking

③

，I

have

to

improve

my

English，

because

my

English

is

not

good

enough.說實話，我必須提高我的英語了，因為我的英語還不夠好。To

be

honest

be

opposed

to反對；與……相對(1)oppose

sth.反對某事oppose

(sb./sth.)

doing

sth.反對(某人/某物)做某事(強調(diào)動作)(2)opposed

adj.強烈反對的；截然不同be

opposed

to…反對……；與……相對立(強調(diào)狀態(tài))as

opposed

to

(表示對比)而，相對于[名師點津]

oppose后跟動詞作賓語時，要用動名詞形式；

在be

opposed

to結(jié)構(gòu)中，to是介詞，其后要用動詞－ing形式

作賓語。表示反對：disagree

with；object

to；be

against；disapprove。表示贊成：agree

with；be

in

favour

of；be

for；approve。①The

mayor

is

strongly

opposed

to

(build)

a

new

hall，which

may

cost

a

lot

of

money.②Her

parents

are

opposed

to

her

(go)

abroad.building

going

The

other

day

I

was

showing

the

boys

a

chemistry

experiment

when，before

I

knew

it，the

mixture

was

bubbling

out

of

the

test

tube

spilling

everywhere！幾天前，

我正在給男孩們演示一個化學實驗，在我反應(yīng)過來之前，混

合物冒著泡從試管中涌出，灑得到處都是！[句式點撥]句中使用了“be

doing…when…”句型，意為

“正在做……，這時(突然)……”。該句型中when在句中為

并列連詞，意為“這時(突然)”，相當于and

then，and

at

that

time。when作并列連詞時，全句重心在when引導的句子上。其中

when不能換成while，as，then等。when連接兩個并列分句，其前面分句的謂語動詞常用過去

進行時，而后面分句的謂語動詞多用一般過去時，且when

后面的動詞表示非延續(xù)性動作。[名師點津]

when表示“這時(突然)”之意時，還用于以下

三種句型：(1)be

about

to

do…when…正要做……這時(突然)……(2)be

on

the

point

of

doing…when…正要做……這時(突

然)……(3)had

(just)

done…when…剛做完……這時(突然)……①We

(discuss)

the

problem

when

there

was

a

power

failure.我們正在討論那個問題，這時停電了。②I

had

just

finished

my

exam

paper

the

bell

rang.我剛做完試卷，下課鈴就響了。were

discussing

when

I

loved

listening

to

the

family

talking

softly

to

each

other

in

their

language，even

though

I

could

not

participate

much

in

the

conversation.我喜歡聽這家人用他們的語言輕聲地交

談，雖然我無法參與太多他們的談話。[句式點撥]句中的even

though引導讓步狀語從句，意思是

“盡管；雖然”，相當于even

if。①even

if/though引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管；即使；雖然”。②as

if/though引導方式狀語從句或表語從句，表示“就像……似的；似乎；仿佛”。③其他引導讓步狀語從句的詞：although，though，while，as。[名師點津]

as引導讓步狀語從句時，必須將表語、狀語提

到as前面，此時也可以用though。①

he

was

injured，he

managed

to

climb

out

of

his

car.②She

travels

around

the

world

money

is

no

object.③Patient

he

was，he

didn’t

like

waiting

that

long.Although/Though/While

as

if

as/though

Ⅰ.語境填詞A)根據(jù)句意及漢語提示，寫出所缺單詞。1.

No

wonder

he

was

late

for

school，he

was

caught

in

a

heavy

traffic

(堵塞).2.

People

working

for

big

organizations

like

the

police

and

the

postal

service

all

wear

(制服).3.

The

boy

is

having

a

fever.You’d

better

damp

a

towel

and

lay

it

across

his

(前額).jam

uniforms

forehead

4.

The

(住宅)

price

is

hoped

to

decrease

by

10％

this

year.5.

The

skin

on

her

cheeks

and

around

her

eyes

was

beginning

to

(起皺紋).housing

wrinkle

B)在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正

確形式。6.

I

take

it

for

(grant)

that

we

should

build

new

roads.7.

What

did

the

teacher

try

his

best

to

relay

his

students？8.

[2023·新課標Ⅰ卷]To

begin

with，

we’d

feel

(privilege)

if

you

could

match

us

according

to

our

oral

English

levels，

rather

than

pair

us

randomly.granted

to

privileged

9.

It

is

intended

to

spread

Minnan

culture，which

deserves

(pass)

down

from

generation

to

generation.10.

I

hope

we

can

find

a

solution

to

this

issue

through

the