四川省綿陽東辰國際學校2025-2026一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題FundraisingSupportVolunteersAboutthisIfyouarelookingforavolunteerpositionatthistimeandarelocatedinQueensland,thisrolecouldbeperfectforyou!ArthritisQueenslandislookingforsomewarmandengagingFundraisingSupportVolunteers.Thesevolunteerswillcallourdonorsandsupporterstoletthemknowhowmuchweappreciatetheirhelp!Thereisnoaskingfordonationsinthisrole.Thisisanonlineroleandwillbedonefromyourownhome.Theshiftsareflexibleandwillbeonanagreedschedule.Fulltrainingwillbeprovidedbeforeyoubegin.AllthatyouwillneedforthisroleisareliabletelephoneandacomputerwithareliableInternetconnection.PleasereadtheArthritisQueenslandpositiondescriptionandfillinourapplicationform(thelinkwillbesenttoyouafteryouexpressyourinterest).Fromtherewe’llreviewyourapplicationandyoumaybeinvitedforaphoneinterviewtodiscusstherole.Welookforwardtohearingfromyou!Additionalrequirements●Excellentcommunication●ComfortablewithusingMicrosoftIT●WillingtoobtainaPoliceCheck(organisedthroughArthritis●StrongcustomerserviceskillsandafriendlyphonemannerTime●Upto15hoursovertwodaysperweekSuitable●Online&Remote●PeoplewithWhatdoesArthritisQueenslandaskthevolunteerstoProvidefinancialsupport. B．Makethank-youcalls.C．Organizefundraisingevents. D．Askfordonationsonline.WhatisrequiredofBeingskilledatusingMicrosoftITpackages.B．Attendingaface-to-faceinterview.C．Havingalargecustomerbase. D．Beingavailableonweekends.WhoaremostlikelytoThosewhocan’taffordacomputer. B．ThosewholiveoutsideQueensland.C．Thosewhoprefertoworkfromhome. D．Thosewhodon’tlikeengagingwithpeople.Myaffairwithsugarbeganinnocentlyenoughinmychildhood,whenIindulged(沉迷)insweettreatsasrewardsforgoodbehaviorbyoverworkedbutlovingparents,orasameanstocelebratespecialoccasions.AsIgrewolder,mycraving渴望intensified,leadingmetoseekthesweetcomfortofchocolate,CokeandCheeseCheetos.Thesesugarydelightsbecamemyescapefromthestressandworriesinmylife.Itwasn’tuntilmyreflectioninthemirrornolongermatchedthelively,intelligentpersonIfeltinsidethatIrealizedtheseverityofmysituation.Clothesthatoncefitmeperfectlyarenowuncomfortablytight,andclimbingaflghtofstairsleavesmebreathless.Nottomentionthat,inthepasttwotothreeyears,myweightgainhasinfluencedmyself-esteem,confidence,andoverallwell-being.Inmysearchforahealthierlifestyle,Idecidedtoturntozero-caloriedrinks,believingtheywouldbeahealthieralternativetomybelovedsugarydrinks.However,myresearchledmetoanalarmingdiscoveryofthedangersofaspartame,acommonlyusedartificialsweetenerfoundinmanyzero-caloriedrinks.Despiteitslackofcalories,aspartamehasbeenlinkedtomanyhealthconcernsincludingheadaches,dizziness,andevenmoresevereconditions.Morestudiesareneededtolearnaboutartificialsweeteners’long-termeffectsonourhealth.Still,knowingthisputmeoffzero-caloriedrinksforawhile!Withnewfoundknowledgeanddetermination,Ibeganmyjourney,tobreakfreefromsugaraddiction.Thejourneywaschallenging,withpersistentcravingsandconstanttemptations(誘惑).However,armedwithhealthiersnackalternatives,suchasfruitandnuts,andthesupportoflovedones,Igraduallyweanedmyselfoffthesugarrollercoaster.Iamrediscoveringsomeofthejoysofamorebalancedlifestyle.Regularexercisebecamemycompanion,boostingmyenergylevelsandreducingstress.WhatinitiallyattractedtheauthortoSugary B．ChildhoodC．Stressful D．PersonalWhatcanbelearnedaboutzero-calorieTheyarefreeofartificialTheycancontributetoweightTheyarehighlyfavoredbytheTheyposeapotentialthreattoWhatdoestheunderlinedpartmeaninthelastStoppedconsumingsugar. B．Switchedtosugarreplacements.C．Monitoredmysugarlevels. D．Learnedthetricksofsugarcontrol.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheSelf-awareand B．InquiringbutC．Determinedbut D．Self-disciplinedandWe’veallhadtheexperience.We’rereadingalongandsuddenlyrealizethatalthoughoureyesarescanningthewordsonthepage,nothingisactuallyregistering.Minutespassbeforewerealizethatwe’velosttheplotInclassrooms,studentstendtoexperiencethisdrift偏移inattentionwhilereadingtextsthatarechallengingorhighlytechnicalthesortsofpassagesmiddleschoolersandhighschoolersmightencounterinscience,math,orIna2024studyof“mindlessreading,”researchersfromtheUniversityofWürzburgtrackedthereadingspeedandattentionofundergraduatesstudyingacomplexsciencetext.Atmultiplepointsduringtheexerciseprompts提示)appearedaskingstudents“Wasyourmindwanderingwhenyoureadthelastsentence?”Studentsconfirmedmultipleinstancesoflossofattention.Researchersfoundthatvariationsinreadingspeed,lingering逗留onthesamepassageforlongperiods,andskippingwordsweresignalsthatstudentswerestrugglingtoremainfocusedortounderstandthematerial,andalsopredictedpoorerperformanceonlatertests.Buttheseproblemsarenotinsolvable.TheUniversityofWürzburgresearchersalsoconcludedthatwhenstudentsweretrainedtorecognizewhentheylosttrackofsentence-levelinformationorgotstuckonpassages—andweretaughtstrategiesto“plan,monitor,andregulatetheirreading”—theywereabletosuccessfullyre-routetheirToconvincestudentsoftheimportanceofeffectivereadingstrategies,it’simportanttoexplainthelong-termbenefitsofstickingthroughcomplextexts.Forexample,learninghowtomakesenseofatechnicalsciencetextmayhelpifstudentsdecidetoworkinengineering.Theskillstheyusetomakesenseofahistorytextmayhelpinfuturelegalcareers.Trytomakeitclear,literacyexpertTimothyShanahansays,thatwhenweteachstudentshowtopushthroughdifficulttexts,“whatwe’rereallydoingisshowingthemhowtogainaccesstoallofthesedifferentfieldsinoursociety.”Studentstendtolosetheirfocuswhilereadingif thereadingtextis B．theyareinaC．thereadingmaterialis D．theyaremiddleorhighWhichofthefollowingisasignalof“mindlessReadingtooquickly. B．Poorperformanceontests.C．Changesinreadingspeed. D．Spendingmuchtimereading.Whatshouldstudentsdoiftheyexperience“mindlessChangethereadingGettoknowwhytheygetstuckonLearntonoticewhentheirattentionPaymoreattentiontosentence-levelWhatisShanahan’sattitudetohelpingstudentspushthroughdifficult Anewstudyrevealsthatpigeons(鴿子)cantacklesomeproblemsjustlikeartificialintelligence,enablingthemtosolvedifficulttasksthatmightchallengehumans.Previousresearchhastheorizedthatpigeonsemployaproblem-solvingstrategy,involvingatrial-and-errorapproach,whichissimilartotheapproachusedinAImodelsbutdiffersfromhumans’relianceonselectiveattentionandruleuse.Toexamineit,BrandonTurner,apsychologyprofessorattheOhioStateUniversity,andhiscolleaguesconductedthenewstudy.Inthestudy,thepigeonswerepresentedwithvariousvisualimages,includinglinesofdifferentwidthsandangles,anddifferenttypesofrings.Thepigeonshadtopeck啄abuttonontherightorlefttoindicatethecategorytowhichtheimagebelonged.Iftheygotitcorrect,theyreceivedfood;iftheywerewrong,theyreceivednothing.Resultsshowedthat,throughtrialanderror,thepigeonsimprovedtheiraccuracyincategorizationtasks,increasingtheircorrectchoicesfromabout55%to95%.Researchersbelievedpigeonsusedassociativelearning,whichislinkingtwophenomenawitheachother.Forexample,itiseasytounderstandthelink.between“water”and“wet”.“Associativelearningisfrequentlyassumedtobefartooprimitiveto.explaincomplexvisualcategorizationlikewhatwesawthepigeonsdo,”Turnersaid.Butthat’sexactlywhattheresearchersfound.Theresearchers’AImodeltackledthesametasksusingjustthetwosimplemechanismsthatpigeonswereassumedtouse:associativelearninganderrorcorrection.And,likethepigeons,theAImodellearnedtomaketherightpredictionstosignificantlyincreasethenumberofcorrectanswers.Forhumans,thechallengewhengiventaskslikethosegiventopigeonsisthattheywouldtrytocomeupwithrulesthatcouldmakethetaskeasier.Butinthiscase,therewerenorules,whichupsetshumans.What’sinteresting,though,isthatpigeonsusethismethodoflearningthatisverysimilartoAIdesignedbyhumans,Turnersaid.“Wecelebratehowsmartwearethatwedesignedartificialintelligence:atthesametime,weregardpigeonsasnotcleveranimals,”hesaid.WhatisthepurposeofthenewTotesta B．ToevaluateaToemploya D．ToinvolveanWhatwerethepigeonsexpectedtodointheDraw B．Correct C．Copy D．IdentifyWhatdopigeonsandAIhaveincommonaccordingtotheTheyareofequalTheyaregoodatmakingTheyrespondrapidlytoordersfromTheyemploysimplewaystogetthingsWhatcanbeasuitabletitlefortheA．Pigeons’trial-and-errormethodisrevealedB．PigeonsoutperformhumansintoughtasksC．“Notsmart”pigeonsmaybeassmartasAID．AImodelsafterpigeons’learningHowmuchtimedoyouspenddoingresearchbeforeyoumakeadecision?Therearepeoplewhogoovereverydetailexhaustivelybeforemakingachoice.16Psychologistscallthiswayofthinkingacognitivebias(認知偏見),atendencytowardaspecificmentalmistake.Tostudy“jumping”,weexamineddecision-makingpatternsamongmorethan600peoplefromthegeneralpopulation.Wefoundthatjumpersmademoreerrorsthannon-jumpersonproblemsthatrequirethoughtfulanalysis.17InaquizaboutUScitizens,theyoverestimatedthechancethattheiranswerswererightsignificantlymorethanotherparticipantsdid—evenwhentheiranswerswerewrong.Sowhatisbehind“jumping”?Psychologicalresearcherscommonlydistinguishbetweentwopathwaysofthought:automaticsystem,whichreflectsideasthatcometothemindeasilyandwithouteffort,andcontrolledsystemincludingconsciousandeffortfulreasoning.Jumpersandnon-jumpersareequallyinfluencedbyautomaticthoughts.18Itisthecontrolledsystemthathelpspeoplecounterbalancementalbiasesintroducedbytheautomaticsystem.Asaresult,jumpersweremorelikelytoaccepttheconclusionmadeatfirstsightwithoutfurtherquestioning.Alackofcontrolledthinkingisalsomorebroadlyconnectedtotheirproblematicbeliefsandfaultyreasoning. Amethodcalledcognitivetrainingcanbeusedtotargettheirbiases,whichcanhelppeoplethinkmoredeliberatively.Inthistraining,participantsarefacedwiththeirownbiases.Theycanlearnaboutthemisstepsandotherwaysofthinkingthroughtheproblemathand.Ithelpstograduallygetridofparticipants’Ineverydaylife,thequestionofwhetherweshouldthinkthingsthroughorinsteadjumptoaconclusionisafrequentandimportantone. Sometimesthemostimportantdecisionwemakecanbetotakesomemoretimebeforemakingachoice.A．Happily,theremaybesomehopeforjumpers.B．Also,jumpershadproblemswithoverconfidence.C．Weplantotraceotherproblemsintroducedbyjumping.ButafairnumberofindividualsarequicktojumptoItiscertainlypossibleforthemtooverthinkthingstotakeaThejumpers,however,didnotengageincontrolledreasoningtothesamedegreeasnon-Recentstudiesshowthatevengatheringjustalittlebitmoreevidencemayhelpusavoidamajor二、完形填空（本大題共1小題IwasonvacationinCubaandduringanafternoon,Iwenttoadolphincove(小海灣)whereyoucouldhaveacloselookatdolphinsandevenswimwiththem.Atfirst,myexpectationswerequite forthis.I’veneverbeena(n) ofcaptive(圈養(yǎng)的)animalssoIdon’tgotothezoo.Therewereabout6cagesunderwatersurroundingthedockwherethe wereandwhereyoucouldswimwiththem.Thesecageshadno part.Theyroseoutofthe aboutafootandhadafairlygoodamountofdepth.Thesedolphinscouldeasilyjumpoverthecages.Asthetourstarted, ,ourCubanguideoverheardeveryonetalkingaboutthecages.Therefore,hestartedoffthetourby theintelligenceofdolphinsandthedeal peoplemadewiththem.Notsurehowtheystartedthe ,butbasicallyitfollowsasthis.Thesedolphinsarecompletely .Theyarriveinlandduringacertainpartoftheseasonwhentheyfinditdifficulttofind intheseas.Theywill andliveinthedolphinparkandgetfedwithreallygoodfood.Whenhurricaneseasonstarts,theygobacktothe andstaythereuntiltheseasonchanges. 三、翻譯（本大題共5小題儀式n. 基本上地 謹慎的 突破 歧視 澄清；闡明 應得 批評 減少；謝絕 抱怨n. ①Thegovernmentexpresseditsresolveanddeterminationtouncoverthetruth. ②Heisengagedinabitterstrugglewithhisrival(對手)togetcontrolofthecompany. ③Fortheconvenienceofhertwindaughters,shefurnishedthebathroomwithtwoshowers,andtwosinks. ④Thebarkoftheyoungtreewasremovedandsoonitdied. record speciesn． 49．identificationn． 50．forecastv． 51．presentationn． 52．additionaladj. perform assess charity starvation fund uploadv． 59．frequentadj. 60．enthusiasmn． 61．facilityn． shelter duty relief admit tutor potential restrict equal districtn． 71．devotionn． 72．enthusiasticadj. 73．deservedadj. 74