PAGE1專(zhuān)題13閱讀理解記敘文考點(diǎn)十年考情（2015-2024）命題趨勢(shì)主題內(nèi)容考點(diǎn)分布記敘文（10年56篇）2025年：全國(guó)Ⅰ卷（寫(xiě)作課教師的教學(xué)感悟）、全國(guó)Ⅱ卷（醫(yī)院教師KathyHo的工作）、浙江1月卷（作者對(duì)孩子飲食教育的反思）、北京卷（高三學(xué)生對(duì)成功的重新定義、作者對(duì)社會(huì)比較的思考）共5篇2024年：新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷（獸醫(yī)Farber的整體醫(yī)療實(shí)踐）、北京卷（作者重拾油畫(huà)夢(mèng)）、浙江1月卷（電話(huà)亭變社區(qū)圖書(shū)館）共3篇2023年：新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷（JohnTodd的生態(tài)機(jī)器）、新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷（UrbanSprouts項(xiàng)目）、全國(guó)乙卷（風(fēng)景攝影師的經(jīng)歷）、全國(guó)甲卷（TerriBolton的DIY經(jīng)歷）、北京卷（作者的科研經(jīng)歷、零浪費(fèi)生活）、浙江1月卷（零浪費(fèi)生活實(shí)踐）共6篇2022年：新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷（祖孫對(duì)電子設(shè)備的認(rèn)知差異）、北京卷（Alice參與自然保護(hù)項(xiàng)目）、浙江卷（作者的跨文化經(jīng)歷、Merebeth的寵物運(yùn)輸工作）、天津卷（作者的自我接納歷程）共6篇2021年：新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷（律師兼職翻頁(yè)員）、新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷（動(dòng)物園飼養(yǎng)員照顧虎崽、AndriaZafirakou的藝術(shù)教育項(xiàng)目）、全國(guó)甲卷（作者的滑板經(jīng)歷）、全國(guó)乙卷（Benjamin的藝術(shù)成長(zhǎng)、作者的自然探索）、北京卷（作者參與OIC項(xiàng)目）、浙江卷（SarooBrierley尋親、作者的閱讀經(jīng)歷）、天津卷（作者的寫(xiě)作堅(jiān)持）共10篇2020年：新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷（JeniferMauer的求學(xué)經(jīng)歷）、新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷（教師的“奶奶的盒子”方法）、北京卷（PaulaSmith重現(xiàn)古代技藝）、浙江卷（作者與圖書(shū)館的故事）共4篇2019年：全國(guó)卷Ⅰ（二年級(jí)移民男孩的演講）、全國(guó)卷Ⅱ（家長(zhǎng)參與志愿者工作）、北京卷（AliceMoore的創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷）、江蘇卷（SteveGoodwin的音樂(lè)救贖）共4篇2018年：浙江卷（作者的暑期閱讀、跨文化經(jīng)歷）、全國(guó)Ⅲ卷（作者對(duì)極簡(jiǎn)生活的實(shí)踐）、北京卷（作者的馬拉松經(jīng)歷）、天津卷（作者誤闖民宅的經(jīng)歷）共4篇2017年：新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷（野生動(dòng)物救助經(jīng)歷）、新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷（PaulNewman與作者的友誼）、新課標(biāo)Ⅲ卷（Plaza劇院的最后時(shí)光）、浙江卷（BenjaminWest的藝術(shù)啟蒙、移民Svetlana的經(jīng)歷）、北京卷（Taylor救助同學(xué)）、天津卷（作者的攝影感悟）共6篇2016年：新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷（干細(xì)胞運(yùn)輸員的經(jīng)歷）、新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷（教師的教學(xué)方法、南極探險(xiǎn)）、新課標(biāo)Ⅲ卷（EudoraWelty的邂逅）、浙江卷（母親對(duì)作者的教育）、北京卷（Natalie在颶風(fēng)后的行動(dòng)）、江蘇卷（Shelly-Ann的運(yùn)動(dòng)生涯）、上海卷（作者與詩(shī)歌的故事）、天津卷（作者對(duì)兒子的認(rèn)知轉(zhuǎn)變、克服疲憊的經(jīng)歷）共8篇細(xì)節(jié)理解題（10年42考）主要涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物行為、事件起因等具體信息的查找與篩選。如2025年全國(guó)Ⅱ卷中Ho教授的教學(xué)對(duì)象，2024年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷中Farber嘗試針灸的原因。推理判斷題（10年10考）要求考生根據(jù)文中信息進(jìn)行合理推斷，答案不能直接從原文找到。比如2023年全國(guó)乙卷中推斷作者對(duì)魔鬼湖照片的態(tài)度；2022年北京卷中從Alice的經(jīng)歷推斷行動(dòng)對(duì)焦慮的影響。主旨大意題（10年3考）主要考查對(duì)文章整體內(nèi)容的把握，理解主旨或目的。例如2025年北京卷中概括作者對(duì)成功的重新定義；2024年浙江卷中總結(jié)電話(huà)亭變圖書(shū)館的故事核心。詞義猜測(cè)題（10年1考）考查內(nèi)容：考查對(duì)生詞或短語(yǔ)含義的推測(cè)。如2023年浙江卷中猜測(cè)“jumponthatbandwagon”的含義。1.主題貼近生活與成長(zhǎng)：多圍繞個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、成長(zhǎng)感悟、社會(huì)溫情等主題，如個(gè)人克服困難實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)、人與人之間的互助與理解、對(duì)人生價(jià)值的探索等，注重傳遞積極的價(jià)值觀。2.敘事結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)清晰：多按時(shí)間順序或事件發(fā)展順序展開(kāi)，線索明確，便于考生梳理情節(jié)，理解故事的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果，同時(shí)會(huì)通過(guò)細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)豐富人物形象和場(chǎng)景氛圍。3.考查重點(diǎn)偏向細(xì)節(jié)與推理：細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查對(duì)人物、事件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等具體信息的把握；推理判斷題側(cè)重考查對(duì)人物情感、態(tài)度、行為動(dòng)機(jī)以及文章主旨的推斷，要求考生結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行合理分析。4.語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格多樣：既有簡(jiǎn)潔明了的日常敘事，也有蘊(yùn)含情感的細(xì)膩描寫(xiě)，詞匯和句式難度適中，注重考查考生對(duì)語(yǔ)境中詞匯含義的理解以及長(zhǎng)難句的分析能力。5.融入文化與時(shí)代元素：部分文章會(huì)涉及不同國(guó)家的文化習(xí)俗、社會(huì)現(xiàn)象或時(shí)代背景，引導(dǎo)考生關(guān)注社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，培養(yǎng)跨文化理解能力。記敘文2025年P(guān)assage1【2025全國(guó)一卷】Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(論點(diǎn))statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(體裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.24．Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?A．Ninthgraders. B．Students’parents.C．Modernwriters. D．Fictionalcharacters.25．Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?A．Theywerenotgivenenoughtime. B．Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.C．Theymisunderstoodthequestion. D．Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?A．Mixed. B．Amazing. C．Similar. D．Disturbing.27．Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A．Teachingislearning. B．Stillwatersrundeep.C．Knowledgeispower. D．Practicemakesperfect.【答案】24．D25．D26．B27．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為一名寫(xiě)作課老師，通過(guò)教學(xué)實(shí)踐逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到學(xué)生寫(xiě)作動(dòng)力的來(lái)源以及寫(xiě)作真正意義的成長(zhǎng)故事。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.(去年，在我九年級(jí)的寫(xiě)作課上，我結(jié)識(shí)了一位拯救了自己小鎮(zhèn)的牛仔、一位要求兒子門(mén)門(mén)功課全得A的嚴(yán)厲父親，還有一位現(xiàn)代版的朱麗葉——她在父母拒絕其年少摯愛(ài)后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，這些塑造了這些人物的學(xué)生，究竟是如何如此深諳他們筆下的角色的)”可知，這里提到的牛仔、嚴(yán)厲的父親和現(xiàn)代版的朱麗葉都是學(xué)生在寫(xiě)作中創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的虛構(gòu)人物。故選D。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(論點(diǎn))statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.(大多數(shù)文章篇幅不足一頁(yè)，幾乎沒(méi)有包含可被視為論點(diǎn)的句子。我感到震驚。隨后我意識(shí)到問(wèn)題出在題目本身。他們本可以就電腦的必要性寫(xiě)下數(shù)頁(yè)內(nèi)容，但寫(xiě)作本身根本沒(méi)讓他們覺(jué)得重要)”可推知，學(xué)生們?cè)趯?xiě)第一篇作文時(shí)表現(xiàn)不佳，是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)寫(xiě)作這個(gè)話(huà)題本身不感興趣。故選D。26．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段中劃線詞下文“Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.(學(xué)生們選取了多樣的主題，交上來(lái)的故事每篇都有10到20頁(yè)長(zhǎng)，其中的人物拓寬了我的視野，也觸動(dòng)了我的心)”可推知，此處指學(xué)生們寫(xiě)出了內(nèi)容豐富、打動(dòng)人心的故事，與之前的表現(xiàn)形成強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比。劃線詞“staggering”意為“令人驚嘆的、驚人的”，與B選項(xiàng)“Amazing(驚人的)”語(yǔ)義一致。故選B。27．推理判斷題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.(我走進(jìn)教室時(shí)堅(jiān)信寫(xiě)作作為一種交流方式至關(guān)重要。然而，學(xué)生們向我展示了更為重要的東西。當(dāng)六月的下課鈴響起時(shí)，我?guī)е槐緷M(mǎn)是留言的年鑒離開(kāi)——這些留言訴說(shuō)著寫(xiě)作最強(qiáng)大的意義：它能連接人與人，讓我們換位思考，教會(huì)我們身為人類(lèi)的真諦)”結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章通過(guò)作者的教學(xué)經(jīng)歷，說(shuō)明她在教導(dǎo)學(xué)生的同時(shí)，自己也領(lǐng)悟到寫(xiě)作的真正意義，這一過(guò)程體現(xiàn)了“教學(xué)相長(zhǎng)”的理念。選項(xiàng)A“Teachingislearning(教學(xué)相長(zhǎng))”符合文中描述的作者通過(guò)教學(xué)獲得的新認(rèn)識(shí)。故選A。Passage2【2025全國(guó)二卷】KathyHoteacheshighschoolinsideLucilePackardChildren’sHospitalStanford(LPCH).“SometimesIdon’tlikesayingthatI’mateacher,”saysHo.“Peoplegetintheirmindsanideaofwhatteachersdo,butthat’snotreallywhatitishere.”“Here”isroom386,whereeachyear,about500LPCHpatientsalsobecomestudents.Thehospitalschoolisfreeofparents,doctors,andmedicalprocedures.It’saplaceoflearning.AbouthalfofHo’sstudentsstayforaweekorless;othersarethereformorethanayear.MostofHo’sstudentswillrecover,whichmeansthatpreparingthemtoreturntoschoolisanincreasinglyimportantcomponentofcare.Still,inroom386,academicsdon’tcomefirst.Physicalhealthandmentalhealtharethepriority.“Ifyou’rescaredaboutsomethingandthinkingonlyaboutthat,there’snowayyou’regoingtobeabletolearn,”Hosays.“I’macoach,anadviser,andacomforter,andthat’swhatitmeanstobeahospitalteacher.”Thereareupto30studentsatanygiventimeinHo’sclass.Shegenerallyworkswiththeirregularteacherstogetlessonsandtestsbeingusedattheirhomeschools.Someteachersdon’tgivethekidsanyassignments;theyexpresssympathyinstead.“Ifeellikeitisadisservicetothekids,”Hosays.“Theythinktheirteachersdon’tcareabouttheirschoolwork.”Horecognizesthepsychologicalbenefitofhelpingkidskeepupwiththeirpeers(同齡人)outsidethehospital.“Iactuallythinkthemedicineisonlyasmallpieceforsomeproblems,”saysJulieGood,directorofpainmanagementservicesatLPCH.“It’saboutproblem-solvingaroundwhatitmeanstohaveafulllife.Thosekidshavedreams.Schoolcankeepthosedreamsalivebygivingkidsawaytolearnandgrow.”24．WhodoesHoteachatLPCH?A．Sickchildren. B．Youngnurses.C．Medicalstudents. D．Patients’parents.25．WhatisacharacteristicofHo’sjob?A．Prioritizingacademics. B．Encouraginginnovation.C．Treatingvariousdiseases. D．Playingmultipleroles.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4?A．Offeringregularlessons. B．Payingextraattention.C．Assigningnoschoolwork. D．Showingnosympathy.27．HowdoesthehospitalschoolbenefitthestudentsaccordingtoGood?A．Iteasespeerpressure. B．Ithelpsthemliveinhope.C．Itfreesthemfromaches. D．Itentertainsthemwithstories.【答案】24．A25．D26．C27．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了KathyHo在斯坦福露西爾?帕卡德兒童醫(yī)院（LPCH）擔(dān)任教師的工作情況，介紹了醫(yī)院學(xué)校學(xué)生的情況、她工作的特點(diǎn)以及醫(yī)院學(xué)校對(duì)學(xué)生的益處。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中““Here”isroom386,whereeachyear,about500LPCHpatientsalsobecomestudents.Thehospitalschoolisfreeofparents,doctors,andmedicalprocedures.It’saplaceoflearning.AbouthalfofHo’sstudentsstayforaweekorless;othersarethereformorethanayear.MostofHo’sstudentswillrecover,whichmeansthatpreparingthemtoreturntoschoolisanincreasinglyimportantcomponentofcare.(“這里”指的是386室，每年約有500名露西爾?帕卡德兒童醫(yī)院（LPCH）的患者在這里成為學(xué)生。這所醫(yī)院學(xué)校里沒(méi)有家長(zhǎng)、醫(yī)生，也沒(méi)有醫(yī)療程序。它是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的地方。Ho老師的學(xué)生中，約有一半只待一周或更短時(shí)間，其他人則會(huì)待一年以上。大多數(shù)學(xué)生最終會(huì)康復(fù)，這意味著，幫助他們做好重返學(xué)校的準(zhǔn)備正成為護(hù)理工作中日益重要的組成部分)”可知，Ho在露西爾?帕卡德兒童醫(yī)院（LPCH）教生病的孩子。故選A。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“I’macoach,anadviser,andacomforter,andthat’swhatitmeanstobeahospitalteacher.(我是一名教練、一名顧問(wèn)和一名安慰者，這就是作為一名醫(yī)院教師的意義)”可知，Ho工作的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是扮演多種角色。故選D。26．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第四段劃線詞所在句“Someteachersdon’tgivethekidsanyassignments;theyexpresssympathyinstead.“Ifeellikeitisadisservicetothekids,”Hosays.(一些老師不給孩子們布置任何作業(yè)，而是表達(dá)同情。Ho說(shuō)：“我覺(jué)得這對(duì)孩子們是一種傷害”)”可推知，其中的“it”指的是不給孩子們布置作業(yè)這件事。故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中JulieGood所說(shuō)的“It’saboutproblem-solvingaroundwhatitmeanstohaveafulllife.Thosekidshavedreams.Schoolcankeepthosedreamsalivebygivingkidsawaytolearnandgrow.(這關(guān)乎圍繞“何為充實(shí)人生”展開(kāi)的問(wèn)題解決。那些孩子擁有夢(mèng)想，而學(xué)校能通過(guò)為他們提供學(xué)習(xí)與成長(zhǎng)的途徑，讓這些夢(mèng)想得以延續(xù))”可推知，Good認(rèn)為醫(yī)院學(xué)校通過(guò)讓孩子保持學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)，幫助他們維系夢(mèng)想，即幫助他們生活在希望中。故選B。Passage3【2025浙江1月卷】WhenIwasachildIwasoftentoldwhatnottoeat.“Youdon’twanttogetfat”wasonconstantrepeatthroughoutmychildhood.Itreallymessedupmyrelationshipwithfood—somethingthattookmeyearstoovercome.Becauseofthis,I’mcarefulnottoconnectwhatmykidsweighwiththeirworthaspeople.Iencouragemydaughtertomakehealthysnackchoicesandoftendissuade(勸阻)herfromaseconddessert.ButonedaywhenIheardhersaying“IthinkI’mtoofat,”myheartsank.Itmademewonderifgivingheradviceonsnackswashavinganunintentionallynegativeimpact.AccordingtoCharlotteMarkey,aprofessorofpsychology,foodisoneoftheraresubjectswhere,asparents,sayinglessismore.“Therearesomanythingsinparentingthataregoodtotalkthrough,butI’mnotconvincedthatfoodisoneofthem,”shesays.“Itjustcreatessomeworriesandinsecuritiesinkidsthataren’tnecessarilyhealthy.”Instead,sherecommendsapplyingawell-knownconceptamongnutritionexpertscalledthe“DivisionofResponsibility,”whereparentsprovideavarietyofmostlyhealthyfoodstotheirkidsatfixedtimes,andthekidsthemselvesdecidewhatandhowmuchtheywanttoconsume—evenifthatmeansoccasionallyeatingmorecookiesthancarrots.Allowingkidstoeatwhattheywantalsoexposesthemtothenaturalconsequencesoftheirdecisions.“Whenyourchildsays,‘Mystomachhurts,’youcansay,‘Wellyouhadalotofsugaryfoodsandyoumightfeelbetterifyoumadesomeotherchoices,’”saysMarkey.“Letthemfeelliketheyhavesomecontroloverit.”I’vebeentryingoutthesestrategiesandI’vefoundthatwhenI’mlessrestrictive,theydomakebetterdecisions.“Feedingisalonggame,”saysMarkey.“Thefoodyouhaveavailablemakesahugedifference.Eveniftheydon’teatit,they’reseeingit.Andthenallofasuddenitclicks.”24．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A．Sheisupsetbyherkids’weight. B．Sheiscriticalofthewayshewasfed.C．Sheisinterestedinmakingfood. D．Sheisparticularaboutwhatsheeats.25．WhichofthefollowingwouldMarkeydisapproveof?A．Allowingkidstoeatcookiesoccasionally. B．Offeringvariousfoodstokidsatfixedtimes.C．Explainingtokidstherisksoftakingsnacks. D．Talkingwithkidsaboutschoolatmealtimes.26．Whatshouldkidsdoaccordingtothe“DivisionofResponsibility”?A．Makedietdecisionsontheirown. B．Sharetheirfoodwithotherkids.C．Eatupwhatisprovidedforthem. D．Helptheirparentsdothedishes.27．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthestrategiesshehasbeenfollowing?A．Costly. B．Complex.C．Workable. D．Contradictory.【答案】24．B25．C26．A27．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者自己因童年時(shí)被灌輸飲食觀念而影響了與食物的關(guān)系，心理學(xué)家建議家長(zhǎng)在飲食上少干預(yù)，作者嘗試策略后發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子能做更好的飲食決策。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenIwasachildIwasoftentoldwhatnottoeat.‘Youdon’twanttogetfat’wasonconstantrepeatthroughoutmychildhood.Itreallymessedupmyrelationshipwithfood—somethingthattookmeyearstoovercome.(當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我經(jīng)常被告知什么不能吃?！澳悴幌胱兣帧边@句話(huà)在我整個(gè)童年時(shí)期不斷重復(fù)。這真的搞砸了我與食物的關(guān)系——這是我花了多年時(shí)間才克服的問(wèn)題)”可知，作者童年時(shí)被灌輸?shù)娘嬍秤^念對(duì)其產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響，由此可推斷出，作者對(duì)自己童年時(shí)被喂養(yǎng)的方式持批判態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtoCharlotteMarkey,aprofessorofpsychology,foodisoneoftheraresubjectswhere,asparents,sayinglessismore.‘Therearesomanythingsinparentingthataregoodtotalkthrough,butI’mnotconvincedthatfoodisoneofthem,’shesays.‘Itjustcreatessomeworriesandinsecuritiesinkidsthataren’tnecessarilyhealthy.’(根據(jù)心理學(xué)教授夏洛特·馬基的說(shuō)法，食物是為數(shù)不多的家長(zhǎng)說(shuō)得少反而更好的話(huà)題之一?！霸谟齼悍矫?，有很多事情值得深入討論，但我不認(rèn)為食物是其中之一，”她說(shuō)。“這只會(huì)給孩子們帶來(lái)一些不必要的擔(dān)憂(yōu)和不安全感，這并不健康。”)”可知，馬基不贊成家長(zhǎng)和孩子過(guò)多談?wù)撌澄锵嚓P(guān)的話(huà)題，而向孩子解釋吃零食的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)屬于談?wù)撌澄锏脑?huà)題，所以馬基不會(huì)贊成。故選C項(xiàng)。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Instead,sherecommendsapplyingawellknownconceptamongnutritionexpertscalledthe‘DivisionofResponsibility,’whereparentsprovideavarietyofmostlyhealthyfoodstotheirkidsatfixedtimes,andthekidsthemselvesdecidewhatandhowmuchtheywanttoconsume—evenifthatmeansoccasionallyeatingmorecookiesthancarrots.(相反，她建議應(yīng)用營(yíng)養(yǎng)專(zhuān)家中一個(gè)著名的概念，即‘責(zé)任劃分’，在這個(gè)概念中，家長(zhǎng)在固定的時(shí)間為孩子提供各種主要是健康的食物，而孩子自己決定想吃什么和吃多少——即使這意味著偶爾吃的餅干比胡蘿卜多)”可知，根據(jù)“責(zé)任劃分”，孩子應(yīng)該自己做飲食決策。故選A項(xiàng)。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“I’vebeentryingoutthesestrategiesandI’vefoundthatwhenI’mlessrestrictive,theydomakebetterdecisions.(我一直在嘗試這些策略，我發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)我不那么嚴(yán)格限制時(shí)，他們確實(shí)會(huì)做出更好的決策)”可知，孩子們確實(shí)會(huì)做出更好的決策，所以作者會(huì)認(rèn)為自己所遵循的策略是可行的。故選C項(xiàng)。Passage4【2025北京卷】ThroughoutourJunioryear,myclassmatesandIhavebeenworriedaboutwhatcollegeswillseewhentheylookatourwholelifestoryreducedtoasingle200-wordessay.Willthegoldenword“success”formintheirmindswhentheyreviewourachievements?Orwilltheyseethebigword“fail”inred?Theshadowofthismysterious(神秘的)institutionstealsawaywhatsuccessmeanstous.Myfirststepofredefiningsuccessbeganwithcourseregistrations.Itisawell-knownfact,especiallyinmyschool,thatJunioryearisthetimeofpackingmanyAPclassesintotheschedule.WhenaskedwhytheychosesomanyAPclasses,myfriendsresponded:“Idon’tknow.”Theythemselvesdon’tknowwhytheyarefollowingthecrowdandlongingforthepressuresofacademicdifficulty.Therefore,theydonotfeelthesatisfactionofbeingacademicallychallenged.CompletingmanycoursesnolongerbringsoutthefeelingofsuccessbecausemorethanfourAPclassesperyearisanormsetbytopuniversities.Determinedtofollowmyinstincts(本能)onwhatIfeltsuccessmeans,IonlychosetwoclassesthatIknewIwouldenjoy.ThefeelingofsuccesswasnolongerattachedtowhatgradeIreceivedbuttothepurejoyoflearning.Evenmyfailuresareattachedtoafeelingofsuccess;afterItakeastepbackandlookatthebigpicture,Iseethemasalaunchingpad(平臺(tái))formynextbigachievement.Intheninthgrade,Iwentinformyfirstgroupinterviewforaleadershippositionasashygirl.Notstandingachanceagainstcompetitiveapplicants,Icameoutoftheinterviewwithanupsetlook.Nevertheless,thisinterviewwasn’tawastedopportunity.Italkedtooneoftheseniorapplicantswhoansweredquestionsinawaythatreflectedthefaithshehadinherself.Thisyear,withanopenmindandnewknowledgeinmind,IwalkedintoanothergroupinterviewwhiletellingmyselfIwasthatcoolsenior.Imanagedtosecurealeadershipposition.Ultimately,successcamelittlebylittle.24.ThroughouttheJunioryear,whatwastheauthor’smajorconcern?A.PressurefromchoosingAPclasses. B.Performanceingroupinterviews.C.Competitionwithseniors. D.Recognitionbycolleges.25.TheauthorchosefewerAPclassesbecauseof_______.A.herownunderstandingofsuccess B.herdesireforacademicchallengesC.herstrongurgetofollowthecrowd D.herdreamofenteringatopuniversity26.Whichwouldbestdescribetheauthor’sfirstgroupinterview?ADignifying. B.Rewarding. C.Engaging. D.Relaxing.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Everyoneisthemakeroftheirownsuccess.B.Successfavoursthosewithagoldenheart.C.Successknocksatyourdooronlyonce.D.Acollegeholdsthekeytosuccess.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者在高三時(shí)對(duì)大學(xué)申請(qǐng)和成功定義的反思，不再盲目追隨他人選擇大量AP課程，而是基于個(gè)人興趣選課，并從失敗的小組面試中學(xué)習(xí)，通過(guò)自我調(diào)整最終獲得領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThroughoutourJunioryear,myclassmatesandIhavebeenworriedaboutwhatcollegeswillseewhentheylookatourwholelifestoryreducedtoasingle200-wordessay.Willthegoldenword“success”formintheirmindswhentheyreviewourachievements?Orwilltheyseethebigword“fail”inred?(在整個(gè)高三期間，我和我的同學(xué)們一直擔(dān)心，當(dāng)大學(xué)將我們的整個(gè)人生故事濃縮成一篇200字的短文時(shí)，他們會(huì)看到什么。當(dāng)他們回顧我們的成就時(shí)，腦海中會(huì)浮現(xiàn)出‘成功’這個(gè)金燦燦的詞匯嗎？還是會(huì)看到用紅色標(biāo)注的‘失敗’這個(gè)醒目的大字？)”可知，作者在高三年級(jí)主要擔(dān)心的是大學(xué)對(duì)他們的認(rèn)可。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Determinedtofollowmyinstincts(本能)onwhatIfeltsuccessmeans,IonlychosetwoclassesthatIknewIwouldenjoy.(我決心追隨自己對(duì)成功的直覺(jué)理解，只選擇了兩門(mén)我確信自己會(huì)喜歡的課程。)”可知，作者選擇較少的AP課程是因?yàn)樗约簩?duì)成功的理解。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Nevertheless,thisinterviewwasn’tawastedopportunity.Italkedtooneoftheseniorapplicantswhoansweredquestionsinawaythatreflectedthefaithshehadinherself.(然而，這次面試并不是一次浪費(fèi)的機(jī)會(huì)。我和一位高年級(jí)的申請(qǐng)者交談，她回答問(wèn)題的方式反映了她對(duì)自己的信心。)”以及最后一段中“Thisyear,withanopenmindandnewknowledgeinmind,IwalkedintoanothergroupinterviewwhiletellingmyselfIwasthatcoolsenior.Imanagedtosecurealeadershipposition.Ultimately,successcamelittlebylittle.(今年，我?guī)е_(kāi)放的心態(tài)和新的知識(shí)，再次走進(jìn)集體面試的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，告訴自己我就是那位自信滿(mǎn)滿(mǎn)的高年級(jí)學(xué)生。最終，我成功獲得了一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位。成功，就這樣一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地向我走來(lái)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為第一次面試是有收獲的，因?yàn)樗屪髡邚闹袑W(xué)到了東西，并影響了她后來(lái)的面試表現(xiàn)。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第三段中“Determinedtofollowmyinstincts(本能)onwhatIfeltsuccessmeans,IonlychosetwoclassesthatIknewIwouldenjoy.(我決心追隨自己對(duì)成功的直覺(jué)理解，只選擇了兩門(mén)我確信自己會(huì)喜歡的課程。)”以及最后一段中“Thisyear,withanopenmindandnewknowledgeinmind,IwalkedintoanothergroupinterviewwhiletellingmyselfIwasthatcoolsenior.Imanagedtosecurealeadershipposition.Ultimately,successcamelittlebylittle.(今年，我?guī)е_(kāi)放的心態(tài)和新的知識(shí)，再次走進(jìn)集體面試的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，告訴自己我就是那位自信滿(mǎn)滿(mǎn)的高年級(jí)學(xué)生。最終，我成功獲得了一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位。成功，就這樣一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地向我走來(lái)。)”可知，作者通過(guò)自己的經(jīng)歷表明，成功并非由大學(xué)或外界標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義，而是源于自我認(rèn)知與努力?！癊veryoneisthemakeroftheirownsuccess.(每個(gè)人都是自己成功的創(chuàng)造者。)”符合題意。故選A。Passage5【2025北京卷】Nottoolongago,onacoldwinternight,therewasateenagerwhowantedmorescreentimeandaparentwhosaidno.Theteenagerwasadvocatingforherrighttoscroll(翻屏)foranextra30minutes.Theparentarguedthatnoneofherfriends’parentsletthemhavescreensafter9o’clock.“Ithought,inthisfamily,wedon’tcompareourselveswithotherpeople,Dad?”theteenagerreplied.Theparent—whowasme,bytheway—justgotserved.Sincetheywereyoung,Ihavetoldmykidsnottocomparethemselveswithotherpeople.Ihavearguedcountlesstimesthatcomparisonsarethe“thiefofjoy”.Althoughmydaughterdidn’twin,shedidhelpexposeoneoftheworstpiecesofadviceIhaveevergiven.Inmydefence,Ididwhatwe’vealldonebefore,whichisrepeatreceivedwisdomwithoutexploringthenuances.Butnowisthetimetosettherecordstraight,whichstartswithquestioningtheideathatallsocialcomparisonisunhealthy.Socialcomparisonsdo,ofcourse,oftengetusintoemotionaltrouble.Buttheycanbeharnessed(利用)forourbettermentifweunderstandhowtheywork.Thesocialcomparisonswemake—onesthatleadustofeelgoodorbadaboutourselves—arevitaltoourabilitytothrive(成長(zhǎng)).Scienceprovidesaguidewecanusetoharnessthewayweperformthesecomparisonstoreducetheirnegativeemotionalimpacts.Comparingyourselfwithsomeonewhoisoutperformingyoucouldresultinfeelingsofenvyifyoufocusonthethingstheyhaveandyoudon’t,oritcanbeenergizingandinspiringifyouusethesecomparisonsasasourceofmotivation,forexample,“Iftheycanachievethat,socanI.”Comparingyourselfwithsomeonewhoisdoingworsethanyoucouldresultinfearandworryifyouthinkabouthowyoucouldfallintosimilarcircumstances,oritcandrawoutfeelingsofgratitudeandappreciationifyouusethatcomparisontobroadenyourviews—forexample,“Wow,thingscouldbemuchworse;I’mdoinggreat.”WhatIwishItaughtmydaughterearlierarethesenuances.Howwefeelaboutourselvesrestsnotjustonwhomwecompareourselveswithbutalsoonhowwethinkaboutthatcomparison.That’ssomethingweallhavecontrolover.28.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisdaughter’sargument?A.Excited. B.Inspired. C.Energized. D.Relieved.29.Whatdoestheword“nuances”underlinedinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Majorachievements. B.Complexfeelings.C.Significantimpacts. D.Finedifferences.30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ComparingOurselveswithOthersCanBecomeaHealthyHabitB.ComparingOurselveswithOthersCanStrengthenFamilyTiesC.SocialComparisonsCanGetUsintoEmotionalTroubleD.SocialComparisonsCanBeControlledbyScience【答案】28.B29.D30.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過(guò)講述自己和女兒關(guān)于能否延長(zhǎng)看屏幕時(shí)間的爭(zhēng)論，引出對(duì)社會(huì)比較這一觀念的思考，指出并非所有社會(huì)比較都不健康，若理解其原理，可加以利用促進(jìn)自我提升。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Althoughmydaughterdidn’twin,shedidhelpexposeoneoftheworstpiecesofadviceIhaveevergiven.(雖然我女兒沒(méi)有贏，但她確實(shí)幫助揭露了我曾經(jīng)給出的最糟糕的建議之一。)”以及后文作者對(duì)社會(huì)比較的重新思考可知，作者從女兒的爭(zhēng)論中得到了啟發(fā)。故選B?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“

Inmydefence,Ididwhatwe’vealldonebefore,whichisrepeatreceivedwisdomwithoutexploringthe

nuances.Butnowisthetimetosettherecordstraight,whichstartswithquestioningtheideathatallsocialcomparisonisunhealthy.(為自己辯護(hù)一下，我做了我們所有人都做過(guò)的事，就是重復(fù)那些大家都認(rèn)可的觀點(diǎn)，卻沒(méi)有探究其中的____。但現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候糾正這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)了，首先要質(zhì)疑所有社會(huì)比較都是不健康的這一想法。)”可知，作者之前只是重復(fù)普遍觀點(diǎn)，沒(méi)有深入探究不同情況，現(xiàn)在要重新審視，所以“nuances”意思可能是“細(xì)微差別”。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Socialcomparisonsdo,ofcourse,oftengetusintoemotionaltrouble.Buttheycanbeharnessed(利用)forourbettermentifweunderstandhowtheywork.(當(dāng)然，社會(huì)比較常常會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)情感困擾。但如果我們了解其運(yùn)作原理，就可以利用它們來(lái)提升自我。)”，以及第四段“Comparingyourselfwithsomeonewhoisoutperformingyoucouldresultinfeelingsofenvyifyoufocusonthethingstheyhaveandyoudon’t,oritcanbeenergizingandinspiringifyouusethesecomparisonsasasourceofmotivation(如果你關(guān)注那些比你表現(xiàn)出色的人所擁有而你沒(méi)有的東西，與他們比較可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嫉妒之情；但如果你將這些比較作為動(dòng)力來(lái)源，它也可以讓你充滿(mǎn)活力并受到鼓舞)”等內(nèi)容，表明了社會(huì)比較并非全然有害，若運(yùn)用得當(dāng)可成為健康習(xí)慣，助力個(gè)人發(fā)展。所以選項(xiàng)A“與他人比較可以成為一種健康的習(xí)慣”為最佳標(biāo)題，故選A。2024年P(guān)assage1【2024新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷】“Iamnotcrazy,”saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing“holistic”medicine-combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine.Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.LeighTindale’sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber’streatmentseasedherdog’ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment.Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,”hesays.“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That’smyjob.”24.WhatdosomeofFarber’scoworkersthinkofhim?A.He’sodd. B.He’sstrict. C.He’sbrave. D.He’srude.25.WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity. B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.C.Hebenefitedfromitasapatient. D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners.26.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment. B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians’work.C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases. D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.27.WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A.ToproveFarber’spoint. B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.C.Topraiseveterinarians. D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文章講述獸醫(yī)威廉·法伯(WilliamFarber)博士在從針灸中受益后，將綜合醫(yī)療應(yīng)用于動(dòng)物，并取得了初步成效?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.(如果他看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)自衛(wèi)，那可能是因?yàn)樗囊恍┩屡紶枙?huì)嘲笑他不尋常的方法。)”可知，F(xiàn)arber的同事們有時(shí)會(huì)嘲笑他不尋常的方法，他們認(rèn)為他很奇怪。故選A?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.(然后，他嘗試了針灸，這是一種古老的中國(guó)療法，并驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)過(guò)兩三次治療，他的病情有所好轉(zhuǎn)。對(duì)獸醫(yī)有效的方法似乎對(duì)他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了這些技術(shù)幾年后，他開(kāi)始把它們提供給寵物。)”可知，F(xiàn)arber作為患者從針灸中受益，這促使他決定嘗試在寵物上使用針灸。故選C?！?6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“LeighTindale’sdogCharliehada