2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解長篇閱讀沖刺試卷：實戰(zhàn)演練考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartADirections:Youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushouldchoosetheBESToneforeachblankfromthefourchoicesandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Thehumanbrainisaremarkableorgan,capableofperforminganextraordinaryrangeoffunctions,fromsimplereflexestocomplexcognitivetasks.______(1)_______.Oneofthemostintriguingaspectsofthebrainisitsabilitytochangeandadaptthroughoutlife,apropertyknownasneuroplasticity.Thismeansthatthebraincanreorganizeitselfbyformingnewneuralconnectionsthroughoutlife.Neuroplasticityallowstheneurons(nervecells)inthebraintophysicallychangetheirstructureandfunctioninresponsetonewexperiences,learning,development,injury,ordisease.Thisabilitytoadaptiscrucialforlearningandmemory.______(2)_______.Whenwelearnsomethingnew,thebrainformsnewconnectionsbetweenneurons.Theseconnectionsbecomestrongerandmoreefficientwithpractice,allowingustorecalltheinformationmoreeasily.Overtime,thebraincanevenrewireitselftocompensatefordamagecausedbyinjuryordisease.Neuroplasticityalsoplaysaroleinmentalhealth.______(3)_______.Studieshaveshownthatcertainmentalexercisesandtherapiescanhelptorewirethebraininwaysthatalleviatesymptomsofdepressionandanxiety.Thisiswhycognitivebehavioraltherapy(CBT),forexample,canbesoeffectiveintreatingtheseconditions.However,neuroplasticityisnotlimitless.______(4)_______.Thebrainismostplasticduringearlydevelopment,whenitisconstantlyformingnewconnectionsinresponsetoenvironmentalstimuli.Asweage,therateofneuroplasticityslowsdown,makingitmoredifficulttolearnnewskillsorrecoverfrombraininjuries.Despitetheselimitations,thehumanbrainremainsadynamicandadaptableorgan.______(5)_______.Byunderstandinghowthebrainworksandhowitcanchange,wecandevelopbetterstrategiesforlearning,treatingmentalillness,andrecoveringfrominjury.Thestudyofneuroplasticityisalsosheddinglightonthenatureofconsciousness.______(6)_______.Someresearchersbelievethatconsciousnessmightbeanemergentpropertyofthecomplexnetworkofconnectionswithinthebrain.Asthebrainchangesandadapts,sotoomightoursenseofselfandourperceptionoftheworld.Advancesintechnologyareallowingustoexplorethebraininunprecedenteddetail.______(7)_______.TechniquessuchasfMRI(functionalMagneticResonanceImaging)andPET(PositronEmissionTomography)scansallowustoseewhichpartsofthebrainareactiveduringdifferenttasks.Thisinformationishelpingustounderstandhowthebrainworksandhowitcanbeaffectedbydisease.Thesetechnologicaladvancementsarealsoleadingtonewtreatmentsforneurologicalandpsychiatricdisorders.______(8)_______.Forexample,deepbrainstimulation(DBS)isasurgicalprocedurethatinvolvesimplantingelectrodesintothebraintodeliverelectricalimpulses.ThiscanbeusedtotreatconditionssuchasParkinson'sdisease,depression,andepilepsy.Inthefuture,wemayevenbeabletousethesetechniquestoenhancehumancognition.______(9)_______.Byunderstandinghowthebrainworks,wemightbeabletodevelopwaystoimprovememory,attention,andothercognitiveskills.Thepotentialapplicationsofthisresearcharevastandexciting.______(10)_______.Asourunderstandingofthebraincontinuestogrow,wewillundoubtedlydiscovernewwaystoimproveourhealthandwell-being.PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenparagraphs,eachofwhichismarkedwithaletter(A-J).Youarerequiredtowriteanessayofatleast160wordsbasedontheinformationgiven.Youshoulddevelopyouressayaroundthemainideaofthepassageandgivereasonstosupportyourargument.Thefollowingparagraphsareforreferenceonly.A.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinmindfulnessmeditation,apracticethatinvolvespayingattentiontothepresentmomentwithanattitudeofopennessandnon-judgment.Mindfulnesshasbeenshowntohavenumerousbenefitsformentalandphysicalhealth,includingreducingstress,anxiety,anddepression.B.Oneofthekeycomponentsofmindfulnessistheabilitytoobserveone'sthoughtsandfeelingswithoutgettingcaughtupinthem.Thiscanhelptobreakthecycleofnegativethinkingthatoftenleadstoemotionaldistress.Bylearningtoobservetheirthoughtswithoutjudgment,individualscandevelopagreatersenseofself-awarenessandgaincontrolovertheiremotionalresponses.C.Mindfulnesscanalsoimprovephysicalhealth.Studieshaveshownthatitcanlowerbloodpressure,reduceinflammation,andenhanceimmunefunction.Thissuggeststhatmindfulnessmaybeavaluabletoolforpreventingandtreatingvariouschronicdiseases.D.Whilemindfulnessmeditationisoftenpracticedinaseatedposition,itcanbeincorporatedintoanyactivity.Forexample,onecanpracticemindfulnesswhileeating,walking,orevendoinghouseholdchores.Thekeyistofocusonthepresentmomentandbefullyengagedintheactivity.E.Mindfulnessisparticularlybeneficialforindividualswhoareexperiencinghighlevelsofstress.Stresscanhaveanegativeimpactonbothmentalandphysicalhealth,butmindfulnesscanhelptomitigatetheseeffects.Byreducingstress,mindfulnesscanimprovesleepquality,increaseenergylevels,andenhanceoverallwell-being.F.Researchhasalsoshownthatmindfulnesscanimprovecognitivefunction.Studieshavefoundthatitcanenhanceattention,memory,anddecision-makingskills.Thissuggeststhatmindfulnessmaybeausefultoolforstudents,professionals,andanyonewhowantstoimprovetheircognitiveperformance.G.Mindfulnesscanbeparticularlyhelpfulforindividualswhoarestrugglingwithaddiction.Byincreasingself-awarenessandreducingimpulsivity,mindfulnesscanhelpindividualstoidentifytriggersfortheiraddictivebehavioranddevelophealthiercopingmechanisms.H.Thepracticeofmindfulnessdoesnotrequireanyspecialequipmentorfacilities.Itcanbedoneanywhere,anytime,andatnocost.Thismakesitanaccessibleandaffordabletoolforimprovingmentalandphysicalhealth.I.Whilemindfulnesscanbebeneficialforeveryone,itisparticularlyusefulforindividualswhoareexperiencingmentalhealthissuessuchasanxietyanddepression.Byreducingsymptomsoftheseconditions,mindfulnesscanimprovequalityoflifeandenhanceoverallwell-being.J.Mindfulnessisasimpleyetpowerfultoolthatcanhaveaprofoundimpactonourlives.Byincorporatingthispracticeintoourdailyroutines,wecanimproveourmentalandphysicalhealth,reducestress,andenhanceouroverallwell-being.試卷答案PartA(1)D)Itsabilitytoadapttonewsituations(2)A)Itreliesontheformationofnewneuralconnections(3)B)Itcanhelptorewirethebraininwaysthatalleviatesymptoms(4)C)Itismostplasticduringearlydevelopment(5)E)Byunderstandinghowthebrainworks(6)F)Someresearchersbelievethatconsciousnessmightbeanemergentproperty(7)G)TechniquessuchasfMRIandPETscansallowustoseewhichpartsofthebrainareactive(8)H)Forexample,deepbrainstimulation(DBS)isasurgicalprocedurethatinvolvesimplantingelectrodesintothebraintodeliverelectricalimpulses(9)I)Byunderstandinghowthebrainworks,wemightbeabletodevelopwaystoimprovememory(10)J)AsourunderstandingofthebraincontinuestogrowPartBSampleEssay:Mindfulnessmeditation,apracticerootedinancienttraditions,hasgarneredsignificantattentionincontemporarysocietyduetoitsprofoundimpactonmentalandphysicalwell-being.Thecoreprincipleofmindfulnessinvolvespayingdeliberateattentiontothepresentmomentwithoutjudgment,fosteringadeeperconnectionwithone'sthoughts,emotions,andsurroundings.Thispracticeoffersamultitudeofbenefitsthatcanenhancevariousaspectsoflife.Oneoftheprimaryadvantagesofmindfulnessisitsabilitytoreducestressandanxiety.AshighlightedinparagraphA,mindfulnesshasbeenscientificallydemonstratedtolowerstresslevels,improvesleepquality,andincreaseoverallenergy.Thepracticeencouragesindividualstoobservetheirthoughtsandfeelingswithoutbecomingoverwhelmedbythem,asmentionedinparagraphB.Thisobservantstancehelpsinbreakingthecycleofnegativethinking,whichisoftenarootcauseofemotionaldistress.Bycultivatingagreatersenseofself-awareness,individualscangainbettercontrolovertheiremotionalresponses,leadingtoimprovedmentalhealth.Furthermore,mindfulnessextendsitsbenefitstophysicalhealth.ParagraphCunderscoresitsabilitytolowerbloodpressure,reduceinflammation,andenhanceimmunefunction.Thesephysiologicalimprovementssuggestthatmindfulnesscanbeavaluabletoolinpreventingandmanagingvariouschronicdiseases.Theaccessibilityofmindfulnessisanothercompellingreasonforitswidespreadadoption.Unlikemanytherapeuticinterventions,mindfulnessdoesnotnecessitatespecialequipmentorfacilities,asnotedinparagraphD.Itcanbeseamlesslyintegratedintodailyactivities,suchaseating,walking,orhouseholdchores,makingitapracticalandaffordableoptionforeveryone.Thecognitivebenefitsofmindfulnessareequallynoteworthy.ParagraphFrevealsthatmindfulnesscanenhanceattention,memory,anddecision-makingskills.Thiscognitiveenhancementisparticularlyben