語(yǔ)法總結(jié)2名詞名詞的種類專有名詞 國(guó)名地名人名,團(tuán)體機(jī)構(gòu)名稱Jim,Xi'an,OlympicGames普通名詞個(gè)體名詞aunt,classroom 集體名詞family,police 物質(zhì)名詞air,tea抽象名詞,fun,happiness名詞的數(shù)可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞 可數(shù)名詞 含義可以計(jì)數(shù)的事物的名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。數(shù)量的表示不定冠詞a/an或基數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞anapple,twoapples數(shù)量的修飾可數(shù)名詞前可用many,much,anyfew,afew等修飾。提問(wèn)數(shù)量提問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的量用howmany 主謂搭配 可數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致。不可數(shù)名詞含義不可以計(jì)數(shù)的事物的名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。數(shù)量的表示a/an或基數(shù)詞+表示量的名詞(有單,復(fù)數(shù)形式變化)+of+不可數(shù)名詞”apieceofbread,twocupsofwater數(shù)量的修飾不可數(shù)詞前可用much,some,little.a little等修飾提問(wèn)數(shù)量 提問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞的量用howmuch主謂搭配 不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)形式。 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 1.規(guī)則變化 (1).一般情況直接加s boys,sofas,apples (2).以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的單詞 直接加es watches,boxes,classes(3).以字母o結(jié)尾的單詞 有生命的加estomatoes,potatoes無(wú)生命的s,zoozoos.photophotos,pianopianos(4).以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞把y變i,再加es storystories,babybabies(5).以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞, 把f或fe變v再加es wifewives,wolfwolves 不規(guī)則變化 1.需要單獨(dú)記憶manmen,womanwomen,toothteeth,foolfeet.goosegeese, mousemice，childchildren2.單復(fù)數(shù)同形。ChineseChinese,Japanese,deerdeer,fishfish,sheepsheep.3.由man和woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，每個(gè)名詞都要變復(fù)數(shù)。amandoctormendoctors,awomanteacherwomenteachers名詞所有格1.含義 名詞在句中表示所有關(guān)系的語(yǔ)法形式叫做名詞所有格。2.'s名詞所有格的構(gòu)成及用法 1.單數(shù)名詞變所有格，只需在詞尾加's;theboy'sfather2.復(fù)數(shù)名詞的詞尾已有s只需加’即可:theteachers'office3.復(fù)數(shù)名詞的詞尾若沒(méi)有s則應(yīng)加"s:thechildren'sbooks4.如果表示某人或物 為兩人所共有,則在第二個(gè)人后面加’s;LilyandMary'sroom5.如果不是兩人共有，則在每個(gè)人后面都加’s;Lily'sandMary'sroom6.有些表示時(shí)間、距離、國(guó)家、城市、團(tuán)體等無(wú)生命的東西的名詞，也可以加“’s”構(gòu)成所有格。today'spaper3.of+名詞形式 1.表示無(wú)生命的東西的名詞所有格。thepictureofthefamily2.表示有生命的東西的名詞所有格，名詞有較多的定語(yǔ)修飾。afriendofmysister's名詞初中語(yǔ)法練習(xí)寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1.house2.village3.map4.orange5.bag6.exercise7.brush8.family9.bus10.city11.box12.baby13.class14.factory15.glass16.dictionary17.watch18.woman19.match20.man21.wish22.German23.tomato24.policeman25.kilo26.human27.potato28.Chinese29.shelf30.Japanese31.leaf32.American33.life34.tooth35.wife36.foot38.sheep37.knife39.half40.child二、單項(xiàng)選擇(30分) (1.I1.IwanttobuyA.twobottlesofinkB.twobottleofink C.twobottleofinks D.twobottlesofinks ()2.Theydon'thavetodo____today.A.muchhomeworkB.manyhomeworksC.manyhomework D.muchhomeworks ()3.The___ofmachinemadeusfeelsick.A.voice B.noise C.sound D.noises ()4.TheblouseismadeofA.awool B.thesewood C.wools D.wool ()5.Therearethree__andseven_inthepicture.A.cows,sheeps B.cows,sheep C.cow,sheep D.cow,sheeps ()6.JunelisA.children'sdayB.children'sDay C.Children'sDay D.Children'sday ()7.roomisnexttotheirparents’.A.Kate'sandJoan'sB.Kate'sandJoan C.KateandJoan's D.KateandJoan ()8.MissGreenisafriendof__A.Mary'smother'sB.Mary'smother C.Marymother's D.mother'sofMary ()9.Tomis____.Hewilletoseeme.A.myafriend B.afriend C.minefriend D.afriendofmine ()10.Sheepwhiteandmilk__alsowhite.A.is,are B.are,is C.is,is D.are,are 三、用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(30分)I.Look!Therearealotof(leaf)ontheground.2.Thereareafew(people)intheroom.3.Iwanttwo___(glass)of(milk).4.Ihavealotof(money)inmypocket5.Peoplewearshoesontheir(foot).6.The(woman)teachersareplayingbasketball.7.Therearesome