0Unit1Helpingathome知識(shí)清單2025-2026學(xué)年人教版英語(yǔ)（2024）四年級(jí)上冊(cè)一、詞匯清單二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)清單三、詞匯詳解四、重點(diǎn)句子詳解五、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法精講六、通關(guān)練習(xí)一、詞匯清單序號(hào)單詞音標(biāo)詞性中文釋義三會(huì)/四會(huì)1PE/?pi??i?/縮寫詞體育（課）三會(huì)2job/d??b/名詞工作；職業(yè)四會(huì)3doctor/?d?kt?(r)/名詞醫(yī)生四會(huì)4farmer/?fɑ?m?(r)/名詞農(nóng)場(chǎng)主；農(nóng)民四會(huì)5worker/?w??k?(r)/名詞工人四會(huì)6nurse/n??s/名詞護(hù)士四會(huì)7officeworker/??f?s?w??k?(r)/名詞短語(yǔ)公司職員三會(huì)8factoryworker/?f?ktri?w??k?(r)/名詞短語(yǔ)工廠工人三會(huì)9busy/?b?zi/形容詞忙碌的四會(huì)10tired/?ta??rd/形容詞疲倦的三會(huì)11chore/t???(r)/名詞家庭雜務(wù)三會(huì)12cook/k?k/動(dòng)詞/名詞烹飪；煮/廚師四會(huì)13clean/kli?n/動(dòng)詞/形容詞打掃/干凈的四會(huì)14room/ru?m/名詞房間四會(huì)15also/???ls??/副詞也三會(huì)16lookafter/l?k?ɑ?ft?(r)/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)照顧四會(huì)17sweep/swi?p/動(dòng)詞掃四會(huì)18floor/fl??(r)/名詞地板；地面四會(huì)19together/t??ɡee?(r)/副詞在一起；共同四會(huì)20fun/f?n/名詞享樂(lè)；樂(lè)趣三會(huì)21helpful/?helpfl/形容詞有幫助的；有用的四會(huì)22people/?pi?pl/名詞人；人們四會(huì)23child/t?a?ld/名詞兒童；小孩（復(fù)數(shù)：children/?t??ldr?n/）四會(huì)二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)清單序號(hào)短語(yǔ)中文釋義例句/用法helpathome在家?guī)兔ecanlearntohelpathomebydoingchores.2familyactivities家庭活動(dòng)Talkaboutyourfavoritefamilyactivities,likecooking.3dosomechores做一些家務(wù)活Mumisbusy,soIdosomechoreslikecleaning.4cleantheroom打掃房間Ioftencleantheroomonweekends.5lookafter照顧C(jī)anyoulookaftermypetdogtoday?6sweepthefloor掃地Hehelpshisgrandmasweeptheflooreveryday.7cookforthefamily為家人做飯Shecancookeggsforthefamily.8havefuntogether一起玩得開(kāi)心Wehavefuntogetherbysingingsongs.9makealist列清單Letsmakealistofthingswecandotohelp.10helpothers幫助他人Familymembersshouldalwayshelpothers.11lookaftermybrother/sister照顧我的弟弟/妹妹Icanlookaftermysisterwhenmyparentsareout.12dochorestogether一起做家務(wù)Wedochorestogethertomakeourhomeclean.三、詞匯詳解（15個(gè)重點(diǎn)單詞）1.job/d??b/用法講解：名詞，指具體的工作或職業(yè)，側(cè)重“職業(yè)類型”，可數(shù)名詞。常見(jiàn)搭配：findajob找工作；loseajob失業(yè)；Whatsyourjob?你做什么工作？例句：Mymotherhasagoodjobasanurse.（我媽媽有一份護(hù)士的好工作。）Whatsyourfathersjob?Hesafarmer.（你爸爸做什么工作？他是農(nóng)民。）2.doctor/?d?kt?(r)/用法講解：名詞，指從事醫(yī)療工作的專業(yè)人員，可用于詢問(wèn)職業(yè)或介紹身份，可數(shù)名詞。常見(jiàn)搭配：seeadoctor看醫(yī)生；adoctorsoffice醫(yī)生辦公室；becomeadoctor成為醫(yī)生例句：Thedoctorhelpssickpeopleeveryday.（醫(yī)生每天幫助病人。）Herauntisadoctorinahospital.（她姑姑是醫(yī)院的醫(yī)生。）3.farmer/?fɑ?m?(r)/用法講解：名詞，指經(jīng)營(yíng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)或從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的人，可數(shù)名詞。常見(jiàn)搭配：ahard-workingfarmer勤勞的農(nóng)民；onafarmersfarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)主的農(nóng)場(chǎng)里例句：Thefarmergrowsmanyvegetablesandfruits.（這位農(nóng)民種了很多蔬菜和水果。）Hisgrandfatherwasafarmerallhislife.（他爺爺一生都是農(nóng)民。）4.worker/?w??k?(r)/用法講解：名詞，泛指從事各種工作的人，可與其他詞組合表示不同職業(yè)（如officeworker,factoryworker），可數(shù)名詞。常見(jiàn)搭配：factoryworker工廠工人；officeworker公司職員；modelworker勞動(dòng)模范例句：Myuncleisafactoryworker.Heworksveryhard.（我叔叔是工廠工人，他工作很努力。）Therearemanyworkersinthefactory.（工廠里有很多工人。）5.nurse/n??s/用法講解：名詞，指在醫(yī)院里照顧病人的護(hù)士，可數(shù)名詞。常見(jiàn)搭配：anurseuniform護(hù)士服；nursestation護(hù)士站；headnurse護(hù)士長(zhǎng)例句：Thenursegivesthepatientmedicine.（護(hù)士給病人吃藥。）Mysisterwantstobeanursewhenshegrowsup.（我妹妹長(zhǎng)大后想當(dāng)護(hù)士。）6.cook/k?k/用法講解：動(dòng)詞，意為“烹飪、煮”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；也可作名詞，指“廚師”，可數(shù)名詞。常見(jiàn)搭配：cookdinner做晚餐；cookforthefamily為家人做飯；agoodcook一位好廚師例句：Hecancookdeliciousnoodles.（他會(huì)煮美味的面條。）Mymotherisagreatcook.（我媽媽是個(gè)很棒的廚師。）7.clean/kli?n/用法講解：動(dòng)詞，意為“打掃”，表示動(dòng)作；形容詞，意為“干凈的”，描述狀態(tài)。常見(jiàn)搭配：cleanthehouse打掃房子；keepclean保持干凈；cleanandtidy干凈整潔例句：Ineedtocleanmybedroomtoday.（今天我需要打掃我的臥室。）Theclassroomiscleanbecausewecleaniteveryday.（教室很干凈，因?yàn)槲覀兠刻齑驋?。?.lookafter用法講解：動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意為“照顧、照料”，后接人或物，相當(dāng)于takecareof。常見(jiàn)搭配：lookaftersb.well好好照顧某人；lookafterpets照顧寵物；lookaftertheold照顧老人例句：Canyoulookaftermybabyforawhile?（你能幫我照顧一下寶寶嗎？）Helooksafterhispetcatcarefully.（他細(xì)心照顧他的寵物貓。）9.sweep/swi?p/用法講解：動(dòng)詞，意為“掃、清掃”，過(guò)去式為swept，強(qiáng)調(diào)用掃帚等清掃地面。常見(jiàn)搭配：sweepthefloor掃地；sweeptheroom打掃房間；sweepaway掃走例句：Shesweepstheflooreverymorningaftergettingup.（她每天早上起床后掃地。）Thewindswepttheleavesintoapile.（風(fēng)把樹(shù)葉掃成一堆。）10.floor/fl??(r)/用法講解：名詞，意為“地板；地面”，指房間的地面，可數(shù)名詞；也可表示“樓層”（美語(yǔ)中常用floor表示樓層）。常見(jiàn)搭配：cleanthefloor擦地板；onthefloor在地板上；thefirstfloor一樓（英式）/二樓（美式）例句：Thereisabookonthefloor.Pleasepickitup.（地板上有一本書，請(qǐng)撿起來(lái)。）Ourclassroomisonthethirdfloor.（我們的教室在三樓。）11.together/t??ɡee?(r)/用法講解：副詞，意為“在一起；共同”，表示多人或事物一起做某事。常見(jiàn)搭配：worktogether一起工作；playtogether一起玩；livetogether住在一起例句：Westudytogetherandhelpeachother.（我們一起學(xué)習(xí)，互相幫助。）Thefamilyoftenhasdinnertogether.（這家人經(jīng)常一起吃晚餐。）12.helpful/?helpfl/用法講解：形容詞，意為“有幫助的、有用的”，常用于描述人或事物對(duì)他人有幫助。常見(jiàn)搭配：behelpfultosb.對(duì)某人有幫助；ahelpfulsuggestion有用的建議；helpfulbooks有幫助的書籍例句：Thistoolisveryhelpfulforfixingthebike.（這個(gè)工具對(duì)修自行車很有幫助。）Heisahelpfulstudentandoftenhelpsteacherscarrybooks.（他是個(gè)樂(lè)于助人的學(xué)生，經(jīng)常幫老師搬書。）13.people/?pi?pl/用法講解：名詞，意為“人；人們”，是集合名詞，本身表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，不能加-s。常見(jiàn)搭配：manypeople許多人；peoplearoundus我們周圍的人；helppeople幫助人們例句：Therearealotofpeopleintheparkonweekends.（周末公園里有很多人。）Weshouldbekindtothepeoplearoundus.（我們應(yīng)該對(duì)周圍的人友好。）14.child/t?a?ld/用法講解：名詞，意為“兒童、小孩”，復(fù)數(shù)形式為children，可數(shù)名詞。常見(jiàn)搭配：achildstar童星；childrensday兒童節(jié)；takecareofchildren照顧孩子例句：Thechildisplayingwithatoycar.（那個(gè)小孩在玩玩具汽車。）Therearetwentychildrenintheclass.（班里有二十個(gè)孩子。）15.busy/?b?zi/用法講解：形容詞，意為“忙碌的”，常用于描述人或事物處于繁忙狀態(tài)。常見(jiàn)搭配：bebusywithsth.忙于某事；bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事；abusyday忙碌的一天例句：Myparentsarebusywiththeirworkeveryday.（我父母每天都忙于工作。）Sheisbusycleaningthehouse.（她正忙著打掃房子。）四、重點(diǎn)句子詳解1.Canyouhelp?Yes,Ican.Icancleanmyroom.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：一般疑問(wèn)句“Can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？”肯定回答“Yes,主語(yǔ)+can.”后接具體能做的事。用法講解：“can”表示能力，用于詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是否能做某事，回答時(shí)直接用“can”或“cant”。例句擴(kuò)展：Canhesweepthefloor?Yes,hecan.（他會(huì)掃地嗎？是的，他會(huì)。）2.Canshehelp?Yes,shecan.Shecandosomechores.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：同上，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)“she”，回答時(shí)保持主語(yǔ)一致。用法講解：“dosomechores”是固定短語(yǔ)，“chores”指各種家庭雜務(wù)，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例句擴(kuò)展：Canyoursisterdosomechores?Yes,shecanwashthedishes.（你妹妹會(huì)做家務(wù)嗎？是的，她會(huì)洗碗。）3.Canhehelp?Yes,hecan.Hecansweepthefloor.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)“he”，重點(diǎn)練習(xí)“can”用于第三人稱的用法。用法講解：“sweepthefloor”強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的家務(wù)動(dòng)作，與“cleantheroom”等短語(yǔ)并列學(xué)習(xí)。例句擴(kuò)展：Canyourbrothersweepthefloor?No,hecant.Buthecancleanthedesk.（你哥哥會(huì)掃地嗎？不會(huì)，但他會(huì)擦桌子。）4.Canwehelp?Yes,wecan.Thatsforsure.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)為第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)“we”，“Thatsforsure.”表示“那是肯定的”，加強(qiáng)肯定語(yǔ)氣。用法講解：用于詢問(wèn)包括自己在內(nèi)的多人是否能幫忙，回答時(shí)用“wecan”，體現(xiàn)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。例句擴(kuò)展：Canwehelpyoucarrythebooks?Yes,wecan.Thatsforsure.（我們能幫你搬書嗎？是的，當(dāng)然可以。）5.Youhaveabigfamily.Isthisyourfather?Yes,itis.HesaPEteacher.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：前句陳述事實(shí)，后句一般疑問(wèn)句詢問(wèn)身份，回答用“Yes/No,itis/isnt.”，后接職業(yè)。用法講解：“PEteacher”表示體育老師，“it”在此指照片或圖片中的人，用于不確定性別時(shí)。例句擴(kuò)展：Isthisyourmother?Yes,itis.Shesanurse.（這是你媽媽嗎？是的，她是護(hù)士。）6.Whatsyourmothersjob?Shesadoctor.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：核心職業(yè)詢問(wèn)句型，“Whats+形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格+job?”回答用職業(yè)名詞。用法講解：注意“mothers”是名詞所有格，表示“媽媽的”，用于修飾“job”。例句擴(kuò)展：Whatsyourunclesjob?Hesafactoryworker.（你叔叔做什么工作？他是工廠工人。）7.Doctorsaregreat!Myfatherisadoctortoo.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：前句評(píng)價(jià)職業(yè)，后句用“too”表示“也”，說(shuō)明父親職業(yè)與前文一致。用法講解：“too”用于肯定句末尾，前面用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，表示“也”，區(qū)別于“also”（用于句中）。例句擴(kuò)展：Nursesarekind!Mysisterisanursetoo.（護(hù)士很善良！我姐姐也是護(hù)士。）8.MumandDadarebusyandtired.Whatcanwedoforthem?Wecandosomechores.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：前句描述父母狀態(tài)，中間提出問(wèn)題，后句用“can”給出建議，體現(xiàn)家庭責(zé)任感。用法講解：“busyandtired”并列形容詞，描述忙碌疲倦的狀態(tài)，“dochores”是解決辦法。例句擴(kuò)展：Mygrandparentsareold.WhatcanIdoforthem?Icanlookafterthem.（我祖父母年紀(jì)大了，我能為他們做什么？我可以照顧他們。）9.Icancleantheroom.Wecanalsocook.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：兩個(gè)“can”句子并列，“also”表示“也”，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明另一件能做的事。用法講解：“also”用于句中，位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“can”之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，強(qiáng)調(diào)額外的能力。例句擴(kuò)展：Shecansweepthefloor.Shecanalsocleanthewindow.（她會(huì)掃地，也會(huì)擦窗戶。）10.Icanlookaftermysister.Wesweepthefloor.Wecooktogether.Wehavefun.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：多個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句并列，分別描述能做的事和家庭活動(dòng)，體現(xiàn)家庭互動(dòng)。用法講解：“l(fā)ookafter”照顧，“sweepthefloor”掃地，“cooktogether”一起做飯，“havefun”玩得開(kāi)心，都是重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)。例句擴(kuò)展：Hecanlookafterhisbrother.Theyplaygames.TheywatchTVtogether.（他會(huì)照顧弟弟，他們一起玩游戲、看電視。）11.Iamabigboynow.Icansweepthefloor.Icancook.IcanlookafterSallytoo!句型結(jié)構(gòu)：用“now”強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的能力，多個(gè)“Ican”句子并列，突出成長(zhǎng)和責(zé)任感。用法講解：“too”用于句末，再次強(qiáng)調(diào)“也能”，增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，展示自己能做的多項(xiàng)家務(wù)。例句擴(kuò)展：Sheisabiggirlnow.Shecanwashherclothes.Shecantidyherbed.Shecanhelpherparentstoo!（她現(xiàn)在是大女孩了，她會(huì)洗自己的衣服、整理床鋪，也能幫助父母?。?2.Whatsthemothersjob?Sheisanurse.Whatcantheboydo?Hecansweepthefloorandlookafterhissister.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：前兩問(wèn)分別詢問(wèn)職業(yè)和能力，回答時(shí)結(jié)合具體信息，鞏固重點(diǎn)句型。用法講解：通過(guò)問(wèn)答形式，綜合運(yùn)用“Whats...job?”和“Whatcan...do?”兩個(gè)核心句型。例句擴(kuò)展：Whatsthefathersjob?Heisaworker.Whatcanthegirldo?Shecancookandcleantheroom.（爸爸做什么工作？他是工人。女孩能做什么？她會(huì)做飯和打掃房間。）五、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法精講（一）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“can”的用法用法分類結(jié)構(gòu)例句表示能力主語(yǔ)+can+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Icancleanmyroom.（我會(huì)打掃我的房間。）Shecancookforherfamily.（她會(huì)為家人做飯。）表示建議/允許Can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+can.否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+cant.Canwehelpyou?（我們能幫助你嗎？）Yes,please.（好的，麻煩了。）No,thanks.（不用了，謝謝。）特殊用法“can”無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動(dòng)詞原形，不可接不定式或動(dòng)名詞。Hecansweepthefloor.（他會(huì)掃地。）Theycantplaybasketballtoday.（他們今天不能打籃球。）（二）名詞所有格（PossessiveNouns）s所有格構(gòu)成：?jiǎn)螖?shù)名詞或不以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加“s”。例句：mymothersjob（我媽媽的工作）；thechildstoy（孩子的玩具）；ChildrensDay（兒童節(jié)）用法：表示所屬關(guān)系，“...的”，用于人或有生命的事物。of所有格構(gòu)成：無(wú)生命的事物用“名詞+of+名詞”。例句：theflooroftheroom（房間的地板）；thejobofadoctor（醫(yī)生的工作）用法：強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的屬性或部分與整體的關(guān)系。（三）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（SimplePresentTense）——職業(yè)與能力表達(dá)用法場(chǎng)景結(jié)構(gòu)例句詢問(wèn)職業(yè)Whats+形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格+job?Whatsyourfathersjob?（你爸爸做什么工作？）Whatsherjob?（她做什么工作？）描述職業(yè)主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+職業(yè)名詞.Heisafarmer.（他是農(nóng)民。）Theyareofficeworkers.（他們是公司職員。）描述能力主語(yǔ)+can+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Icandosomechores.（我會(huì)做一些家務(wù)活。）Shecanlookafterherbrother.（她會(huì)照顧她弟弟。）六、通關(guān)練習(xí)一、詞匯分類（將下列單詞按詞性分類）單詞：doctor,busy,cook,clean,nurse,tired,sweep,floor,helpful,worker名詞：________________________________________動(dòng)詞：________________________________________形容詞：______________________________________二、短語(yǔ)匹配（連線）英文短語(yǔ)中文釋義1.dosomechoresA.照顧我的妹妹2.cleantheroomB.一起玩得開(kāi)心3.lookaftermysisterC.做一些家務(wù)活4.havefuntogetherD.打掃房間5.cookforthefamilyE.為家人做飯三、語(yǔ)法選擇（單項(xiàng)選擇）1.—What’syourmother’sjob?—She’s______nurse.A.aB.anC./2.—Ican______thefloorandcookdinner.A.sweepingB.sweepC.sweeps3.—Myfatherisafactory______.Heworksinafactory.A.workerB.doctorC.farmer4.—Canshehelpathome?—Yes,she______.A.can’tB.canC.is5.—Thechildoften______hisparentsdochores.A.helpB.helpingC.helps6.—What’s______job?—He’sanofficeworker.A.yourbrotherB.yourbrother’sC.youbrother’s7.—We______busytoday.Let’sdochorestomorrow.A.amB.isC.are8.—Shecan______hersisterandcookforherfamily.A.looksafterB.lookafterC.lookingafter9.—Therearemany______inthepark.A.peopleB.peoplesC.apeople10.—Isyourfatherafarmer?—No,he______.He’sadoctor.A.isn’tB.isC.don’t四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換（根據(jù)要求改寫句子）1.—Myfatherisateacher.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）____________yourfather’sjob?2.—Icancleantheroom.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）______canyou______?3.—Sheisanurse.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）____________anurse?4.—Theycandosomechores.（改為否定句）They______do______chores.5.—Hismother’sjobisadoctor.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Hismother____________doctor.6.—Thechildcansweepthefloor.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）______thechild______thefloor?7.—Mymotherisbusy.（改為否定句）Mymother____________busy.8.—Wehavefuntogether.（用he作主語(yǔ)改寫）He______fun______.9.—Thatisafactoryworker.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）____________that?10.—Canyoulookafteryoursister?（作肯定回答）______,I______.五、閱讀理解（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正“T”誤“F”）第一篇：MyHelpfulFamilyHello!I’mXiaoLin.Mymotherisanurse.Sheworksinahospital.Sheisverybusy,butsheoftencooksforus.Myfatherisafactoryworker.Heistiredafterwork,buthealwayshelpscleantheroom.Iamabigboynow.Icansweepthefloorandlookaftermylittlesister,Sally.Weareahappyfamily!1.()XiaoLin’smotherisadoctor.2.()XiaoL