Unit1

Foodmatters

GrammarandusageLearningObjectives01LearningObjectives1.Inspecificexpressions,correctlyjudgewhetheraninfinitiveservesasthesubjectorthepredicative.2.Mastertherelevantknowledgepointsaboutinfinitivesusedassubjectsandpredicativesthroughpractice.3.Beabletocorrectlyusethetargetgrammartowriteathank-youletter.KeyPointsandDifficultPointsInspecificexpressions,correctlyjudgewhetheraninfinitiveservesasthesubjectorthepredicative.Beabletocorrectlyusethetargetgrammartowriteathank-youletter.Lead-in02Doyouprefereatingoutorcookingathome?Givemeyourreasons.orGrammarandusage03

To-infinitivesassubjectsandpredicativesTo-infinitive:Thebasicformofaverb,usuallyprecededby"to"e.g.toeat,tocookAssubject:Functionsasthetopicofasentence.?e.g.Tocookathomeisrelaxing.?Aspredicative:Followsalinkingverbtoexplainthesubject.e.g.Mychoiceistoeatout.AExploringtherulesBelowisablogentryabouteatingoutandeatingathome.Findthesentencesthatuseto-infinitivesassubjectsorpredicativesandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstoneshavebeendoneforyou.To-infinitivesassubjectsToeatoutwasalsoasocialactivity,...To-infinitivesaspredicatives...,myfirstthoughtatmealtimeswastoeatatarestaurant....itwasnotthatdifficulttomakeasimpleandtastydish.Myplanistoinvitemyfriendsoverattheweekend...WorkingouttherulesWhentheto-infinitiveisusedasasubject,weusuallyusethepreparatorysubject(1)

atthebeginningofthesentence.Theto-infinitivecanalsobeusedasapredicative.Itusuallycomesaftertheverb(2)_________itbeBApplyingtherulesB1

Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingto-infinitivesaccordingtotherequirementsinthebrackets.1ThenextdishthatthecookwillprepareisKungPaoChicken.(attributive)_______________________________________________________________2Thepreparationofhome-cookedmealsiseasyandenjoyable.(subject)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThenextdishtobepreparedbythecookisKungPaoChicken.Topreparehomecookedmealsiseasyandenjoyable./Itiseasyandenjoyabletopreparehome-cookedmeals.BApplyingtherulesB1

Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingto-infinitivesaccordingtotherequirementsinthebrackets.3Herdreamisthatshewillopenarestaurantsomeday.(predicative)_______________________________________________________________4Wewillputthepotatoesinthepotfirstinorderthattheywillbecookedquickly.(adverbialofpurpose)_______________________________________________________________5IconsidertheSoupoftheDayasthebestoptiononthemenu.(objectcomplement)_______________________________________________________________Herdreamistoopenarestaurantsomeday.Wewillputthepotatoesinthepotfirst(inorder)tocookthemquickly.IconsidertheSoupoftheDaytobethebestoptiononthemenu.B2

Belowisalifestylemagazinearticle.Completethearticlewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebrackets.BBuildingyourlanguageAslongasyouarenotafraidofheights,youwillbeimpressedbySkyBuffet,thelatestrestaurantinthecitycentre.(1)___________(locate)atthetopofTower88,itgivesyouanamazingviewofthebay.Betterstill,itsentireseatingareaturnsslowlyanditisenjoyable(2)_______(see)thesceneryoutsidewhilehavingyourmeal.Sinceittakesaboutanhour(3)__________(turn)thefull360degrees,youareunlikelytogetboredwiththescenery.LocatedtoseetoturnB2

Belowisalifestylemagazinearticle.Completethearticlewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebrackets.BBuildingyourlanguageIfyouwanttogetthemostwonderfulviews,yourbestbetis(4)_________(sit)bythewindowanhourbeforesunsetandwatchhowtheskychangescolours.Theatmosphereislivelyandmodern,withitswalls(5)_______________(paint)whiteandlightblue.SkyBuffetservesamenufullofeye-catchingAsiandishes,(6)

(range)fromChinesefoodtoJapanesefood.Itwillbeagoodidea(7)

(invite)yourfamilyandfriendsoverfordinner.SkyBuffetisconsideredbymanylocals(8)__________(be)theperfectlocationforaspecialoccasion.tositpaintedrangingtobetoinviteB3

ImagineyourfriendhastakenyououttodinneratSkyBuffet.Writeathank-younotetoyourfriend,offeringtoreturnthefavourbyinvitinghimorhertoyourhomefordinnernextweekend.Remembertouseto-infinitives.Usetheexpressionsbelowtohelpyou.BBuildingyourlanguageExpressionsIamwritingto...Ihavealwayswantedto...Itwassokindofyouto...

Iwouldlike/loveto...Itwaswonderfulto...Myplanisto...BBuildingyourlanguageDearTom,IamwritingtothankyoufortakingmetoSkyBuffet.Itwassokindofyoutoinvitemeandbookatablebythewindow.Itwaswonderfultoseethecitysceneryandwatchthebeautifulsunset.IhavealwayswantedtogiveSkyBuffetatry,anditcertainlyliveduptomyexpectations!Doyouhaveanyarrangementsnextweekend?MyplanistoinviteyouovertomyhomefordinnernextSaturday.Theviewwon'tbeasgoodasatSkyBuffetbutIwouldliketocookyousomethingspecialtothankyou.Yours,MaryTo-infinitivesassubjectsandpredicatives動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。（1）動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)置于句首。Toseeistobelieve.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。Toloveothersistobeloved.愛(ài)人即愛(ài)已。（2）it做形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式做真正的主語(yǔ)置于句尾，常用于下列句式中：

①I(mǎi)t+be+名詞+todosth.

Itisaproblemtomaintainadequatepensionfunds.

要維持足夠的養(yǎng)老基金是個(gè)問(wèn)題。To-infinitivesassubjectsandpredicatives動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)②Ittakessb.+sometime+todosth.Ittookmeanhourtorepairmybike.我花了一個(gè)小時(shí)修理我的自行車(chē)。③It+be+形容詞+forsb.+todosth.，適用于此句型的形容詞有difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary等。It'sverydangerousforchildrentocrossthebusystreet.對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)，穿過(guò)熙熙攘攘的街道很危險(xiǎn)。To-infinitivesassubjectsandpredicatives動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)④It+be+形容詞+ofsb.+todosth.，適用于此句型的形容詞有careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等。It'scleverofyoutoworkoutthemathsproblem.=Youareclevertoworkoutthemathsproblem.你真聰明，解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。特別提醒動(dòng)詞不定式做主語(yǔ)時(shí)多數(shù)情況下可以用動(dòng)名詞替換，但在以下三種情況下不能替換：一些固定說(shuō)法中；表示強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)比時(shí)；表示某一次具體的動(dòng)作或具體的情況時(shí)。To-infinitivesassubjectsandpredicatives動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式做表語(yǔ)，通常用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的具體內(nèi)容或者性質(zhì)。常見(jiàn)的用來(lái)做主語(yǔ)的名詞有：aim,duty,dream,hope,idea,plan,wish,goal,task,ambition,purpose,work,job等表示目標(biāo)、意向、計(jì)劃、任務(wù)的詞。Mygoalistobeateacher.我的目標(biāo)是當(dāng)一名教師。Alwayskeepinmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.永遠(yuǎn)記?。耗愕闹饕蝿?wù)是使這家公司運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)順利。有些時(shí)候，系動(dòng)詞會(huì)是appear,seem,prove,turnout,remain等。Whetherwewillsucceedornotremainstobeseen.我們能否成功仍有待觀(guān)察。To-infinitivesassubjectsandpredicatives動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)特別提醒（1）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)部分有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do或do的某種形式時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式做表語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略to。AllIcoulddonowis(to)keepsilent.我現(xiàn)在所能做的就是保持沉默。（2）某些動(dòng)詞的不定式與be動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，如betolet（出租），betoblame（應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任）等。Thehouseistolet.這所房子要出租。Whoistoblamefortheaccident?誰(shuí)應(yīng)該為這起事故負(fù)責(zé)？To-infinitivesassubjectsandpredicatives動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)特別提醒（3）

動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)都是用于表示主語(yǔ)“是什么”，但動(dòng)詞不定式做表語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一次性的、具體的、將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一般性的、抽象的、經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theman'sjobistopaintthewalls.這位男士的工作是粉刷這些墻。（表示一次性的、具體的、目前要做的事情）Theman'sjobispaintingwalls.這位男士的工作是粉刷墻。（表示經(jīng)常性的日常工作）1.eageradj.渴望的，熱切的，渴求的beeagerfor...渴望得到……beeagertodosth.渴望做某事beeagerforsb.todosth.渴望某人做某事beeagerthat...渴望……（從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原型”，should可以省略）

例句：Weareeagerforpeaceandwanttoputanendtoanywarintheworld.Vocabulary2.allowv.準(zhǔn)許，允許allowfor考慮到；估計(jì)到；把……計(jì)算在內(nèi)allow(doing)sth.允許（做）某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事beallowedtodosth.被允許做某事

例句：Itwilltakeaboutanhourtogetthere,allowingfortrafficdelays.

Vocabulary3.impressv.留下深刻的好印象；使敬仰；使銘記；使意識(shí)到（重要性或嚴(yán)重性等）impresssb.withsth.某物給某人留下深刻的印象beimpressedby/with...被……打動(dòng)，對(duì)……印象深刻impresssth.on/uponone'smemory某人把某事銘記在心impresssth.on/uponsb.使某人意識(shí)到某事（如果賓語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)，可調(diào)整為impresson/uponsb.sth.)VocabularyItis/was+adj.（+forsb.）+todosth.（某人）做某事是……的其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。該結(jié)構(gòu)中常見(jiàn)的形容詞有necessary,important,easy,difficult,hard,dangerous,possible,impossible等表示事物的屬性、特征的詞。It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.很難預(yù)測(cè)無(wú)人駕駛的汽車(chē)何時(shí)會(huì)在我們的道路上無(wú)處不在。It'salsohugelyimportantforparentstoknowwhichappstheirchildrenareusing.對(duì)父母來(lái)說(shuō)，知道孩子正在使用哪些應(yīng)用程序也非常重要。SentencepatternItis/was+adj.（+ofsb.）+todosth.（某人）做某事是……的此時(shí)形容詞常是kind,nice,good,clever,wrong,foolish,right,careless,polite等表示人的性格、品質(zhì)的詞。Itwasverystupidofyoutoignoreyourmother'sadvice.你忽視媽媽的建議，真是太蠢了。SentencepatternExercise041.Preventioniskey,scientistssay,becauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint(臨界點(diǎn)),itisremarkablydifficultforthem

(return).2.Soitwasagreathonour

(invite)backstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.3.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsis

(analyze)yourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.4.Allwehavetodois