Unit4WildlifeprotectionPart1清單式背誦——主干知識(shí)一遍過1.decreasevi.&vt.減少(reduce)；(使)變小；或變少n.減少；降低?decreaseto...減少到……decreaseby...減少了……decreasefrom...to...從……減少到……?onthedecrease正在減少【反義】increase【聯(lián)想】increaseto增加到increaseby增加了ontheincrease在增加中2.dieout滅絕，滅亡；逐漸消失?dieaway(聲音、光線等)逐漸消失dieof/from因……而死diedown減弱；平息?bedyingfor很想要；渴望bedyingtodosth極想做某事eg.Someanimalsareindangerofdyingoutonaccountoflackofhabitat.(自然生態(tài))由于缺乏棲息地，一些動(dòng)物面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。Iamdyingtobeavolunteertosavethesefriendsofours.我非常想做一名志愿者去拯救我們的這些朋友。3.lossn.損失；遺失；喪失?ataloss不知所措；茫然hair/hearing/weight/memoryloss脫發(fā)/聽力喪失/體重減輕/失憶?losevt.&vi.失去；迷失；輸?shù)簦粊G失loseconfidence/interest/hope失去信心/興趣/希望loseone’sway迷路loseoneselfin專心于；全神貫注于?lostadj.失去的；迷失的belostin陷入……；迷失于……eg.(湖北卷書面表達(dá))Facedwithsomanynewthingstolearn,Iwasovercomebyfearandwasatalosswhattodo.(求助信)面對(duì)這么多要學(xué)的東西，我會(huì)感到恐懼，不知道該做什么。4.reserven.保護(hù)區(qū)；(常用復(fù)數(shù))儲(chǔ)備vt.預(yù)訂；保留；儲(chǔ)備?wildlifereserve野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)oil/goldreserves石油/黃金儲(chǔ)備?reservearoom/ticket預(yù)訂房間/票reservesthfor...為……預(yù)訂/保留/儲(chǔ)備某物?reservationn.預(yù)訂；保留意見makeareservation預(yù)定(房間、票)；預(yù)約withoutreservation毫無保留地eg.(福建卷書面表達(dá))Firstly,aneffectiveway,Ithink,istoreservewaterinascientificwayforfutureuse.(建議信)首先，我認(rèn)為一個(gè)有效的方法是以科學(xué)的方式儲(chǔ)備水供將來使用?！军c(diǎn)撥】reserve與book都有“預(yù)定”的意思，但是reserve側(cè)重于“保留”，是美式英語；而book則多指“預(yù)訂”，含已付款之意，是英式英語。5.indanger(of)在危險(xiǎn)中；垂危dangern.[C]危險(xiǎn)的人/物；危害；威脅；[U]危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)thedangersofsmoking吸煙的危害indanger有危險(xiǎn)的；在危險(xiǎn)中outofdanger脫離危險(xiǎn)infaceofdanger在危險(xiǎn)面前eg.(2022·福州聯(lián)考)ItwascleartoFrankthatthefamilyinsidewasindanger.弗蘭克很清楚，里面的家人處于危險(xiǎn)之中。6.respondvi.回答(reply)；響應(yīng)；做出反應(yīng)(react)?respondto對(duì)……做出回應(yīng)或反應(yīng)respondthat...回答說respondwithasmile報(bào)以微笑?responsen.回答；反應(yīng)；響應(yīng)inresponseto作為對(duì)……的反應(yīng)eg.(2019·天津卷書面表達(dá))Itissuchagreathonortobegivenachancetorespondtoyoure－mailwhichsaysyouarecomingtogivealectureaboutWesternart.很榮幸有機(jī)會(huì)回復(fù)您的電子郵件，郵件中說您要來做一個(gè)關(guān)于西方藝術(shù)的講座。7.distantadj.遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；遙遠(yuǎn)的(remote)；疏遠(yuǎn)的；冷淡的?adistantland遙遠(yuǎn)的地方adistantmemory遙遠(yuǎn)的記憶?distancen.距離；遠(yuǎn)處；冷淡，疏遠(yuǎn)inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處eg.Whenhesquintedhiseyes,hecouldjustmakeoutahouseinthedistance.他瞇著眼睛，只能隱約看見遠(yuǎn)處有一所房子。8.reliefn.(痛苦或憂慮的)減輕或解除；減輕痛苦的事物；緩解；寬慰?in/withrelief如釋重負(fù)；松了口氣toone’srelief令某人感到欣慰的是?relievevt.減輕；緩解；解除relievesbof...幫助某人減輕……eg.(2022·南京模擬)Lookingaround,Robertasighedinrelieftoseesomemorepeoplecomingtohelp.羅伯塔環(huán)顧四周，看到更多的人前來幫忙，她松了一口氣。9.burstintolaughter突然笑起來；大聲笑了出來burstoutlaughing突然笑起來burstoutcrying＝burstintotears突然哭起來burstintoanger勃然大怒eg.(2022·江西聯(lián)考)Inearlyburstintotearswhenanoldwomannexttomehandedmeamask,andshetoldmenottoworry.當(dāng)我旁邊的一位老太太遞給我一個(gè)面具時(shí)，我?guī)缀蹩蘖?，她告訴我不要擔(dān)心。10.mercyn.仁慈；寬??；憐憫?showmercyto/havemercyonsb憐憫某人withoutmercy毫不留情atthemercyof任由……的擺布It’samercythat...……真是萬幸?mercifuladj.仁慈的；寬恕的mercilessadj.殘酷的mercifullyadv.仁慈地；憐憫地11.certainadj.確定的；一定的；某一；某些；一定?becertaintodosth確定做某事becertainof/aboutsth對(duì)某事有把握；確信某事It’scertainthat...一定能……forcertain＝forsure確定無疑的toacertaindegree在某種程度上?certaintyn.確定；一定certainlyadv.當(dāng)然；一定eg.(江蘇卷書面表達(dá))Whatiscertainisthatsuchratingsdobringconveniencetoconsumers.可以肯定的是，這樣的評(píng)級(jí)確實(shí)給消費(fèi)者帶來了便利?！军c(diǎn)撥】certain作表語時(shí)，可與sure互換；既可以人作主語，也可以物作主語；還可以用it作其形式主語。表示“某一或某些時(shí)”只能用certain?！韭?lián)想】un－否定前綴：certain→uncertain不確定的fair→unfair不公平的likely→unlikely不可能的friendly→unfriendly不友好的aware→unaware沒有意識(shí)到的fortunate→unfortunate不幸的reasonable→unreasonable不合理的12.protect...from保護(hù)……不受……(危害)?protect...against/from保護(hù)……以防……?protectionn.[U]保護(hù)；[C]防護(hù)物environmentalprotection環(huán)境保護(hù)undertheprotectionof在……的保護(hù)下?protectiveadj.防護(hù)的；保護(hù)的eg.(2019·北京卷書面表達(dá))Bytheway,itisnecessarytotakeanumbrellaandsomeprotectiveclothesbecausesummerinthesecitiesishotandrainy.(建議信)順便說一下，這些城市的夏天炎熱多雨，所以有必要帶一把傘和一些防護(hù)服。13.containvt.包含；容納(hold)；容忍；克制(強(qiáng)烈的感情等)?containoneself克制自己?containern.容器；集裝箱；貨柜eg.(重慶卷)Itcontainsalotofpicturestakenduringmychildhood.里面有很多我小時(shí)候拍的照片。Theplanecontains300people,includingthetwopilots.這架飛機(jī)能容納300人，包括兩名飛行員?！军c(diǎn)撥】(1)contain指作為組成部分而被包含或容納在內(nèi)；(2)include指把某事物作為其中的一部分包含在內(nèi)，在句中常構(gòu)成分詞短語sthincluded或includingsth。14.affectvt.影響(influence/impact)；感動(dòng)(move/touch)；(疾病)侵襲(attack)bedeeplyaffectedby被……深深打動(dòng)beaffectedwith感染……疾病eg.(江蘇卷書面表達(dá))Apparently,blindlyfollowingothers’advicewillaffectourownjudgment.顯然，盲目聽從別人的建議會(huì)影響我們自己的判斷?！韭?lián)想】“被深深地感動(dòng)”的常用表達(dá)：bedeeplymoved/bedeeplytouched/bedeeplyaffected15.attentionn.注意；關(guān)注；注意力payattentionto注意withattention專心致志地(＝attentively)attract/catch/getone’sattentionof...吸引/引起/得到……的注意call/drawattentionto使人們關(guān)注16.appreciatevt.鑒賞(admire)；欣賞；感激(begratefulfor)；明白；意識(shí)到(realize)?appreciate(doing)sth感激(做)某事Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……我將不勝感激?appreciationn.欣賞；感激(gratitude)express/conveyone’sappreciationtosb表達(dá)對(duì)某人的感激之情eg.(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemeachancetoworkasavolunteer.(申請(qǐng)信)如果你能給我機(jī)會(huì)當(dāng)志愿者，我將不勝感激?！军c(diǎn)撥】當(dāng)appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend/relyon等詞后接賓語從句時(shí)，一般先加it，再接賓語從句。17.succeedvi.成功；繼承vt.接替；繼任(takeover)?succeedin(doing)sth成功地做某事succeedsbas接替某人成為……?successn.[U]成功；成就；[C]成功的人或事物achieve/earn/wingreatsuccessinlife在人生中取得巨大的成就ahugesuccess巨大的成功?successfuladj.成功的besuccessfulin(doing)sth成功地做某事eg.(2020·浙江7月卷)Wesucceededinclimbingontothehelicopter,gaspingwithrelief.我們成功地爬上了直升機(jī)，松了一口氣。18.employvt.雇用(hire/takeon)；利用(時(shí)間、精力等)(makeuseof)?employoneselfin(doing)sth＝beemployedin(doing)sth從事于……，忙于……employsbtodosth雇用某人做某事employsbas...雇用某人任……?employmentn.雇用；職業(yè)；就業(yè)；工作outofemployment失業(yè)createemploymentopportunities創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)?employern.雇主employeen.雇員教材詞塊1.afterbeingleftinpeacewithnohunting在免遭獵殺平靜地生活之后2.paymoreattentiontorainforest多關(guān)注熱帶雨林3.longbeforehumanscameintobeing早在人類出現(xiàn)之前4.accordingtoaUNreport根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的一份報(bào)告5.doharmtotheanimals傷害動(dòng)物6.anendangeredspecies瀕臨滅絕的物種7.theimportanceofwildlifeprotection保護(hù)野生動(dòng)植物的重要性8.athickrainforest茂密的熱帶雨林9.asecureincome一份可靠的收入10.myplantosavethemoneys我的拯救猴子的計(jì)劃11.protectmyselffrommosquitoes保護(hù)自己不受蚊子叮咬12.anunexpectedincident一次意外事件13.insuchashorttime在如此短的時(shí)間里14.inthelast500years在過去的500年里15.averyfriendlyanimal一種非常友好的動(dòng)物16.tensofmillionsofyearsago千百萬年前教材佳句1.Theylearnedthisfromthewaytheboneswerejoinedtogether.(way后接定語從句)他們是根據(jù)(恐龍)骨骼的連接方式了解到這一點(diǎn)的。2.ThisistheonlyhomeoftheredColobusmonkeybutthereareveryfewleft.(過去分詞作后置定語)這里是紅髯猴唯一的家園，但是現(xiàn)在它們所剩無幾了。3.TheflyingcarpettravelledsofastthatnextminutetheywereinZimbabwe.(so...that...)飛毯飛行得如此之快，以至于一轉(zhuǎn)眼他們就來到了津巴布韋。1.Itshowstheimportanceofwildlifeprotection，butI’dliketohelpastheWWFsuggests.這體現(xiàn)了野生動(dòng)植物保護(hù)的重要性，不過，我還是想按照世界野生生物基金會(huì)的建議來幫助你們。句型公式|as引導(dǎo)從句(1)“如同；按照”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。(2)“當(dāng)……時(shí)候；一面……一面……；隨著”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。(3)“因?yàn)椤保龑?dǎo)原因狀語從句。(4)“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，常用倒裝語序，可與though互換。(5)“正如”，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。①Inthefollowingexams,wedidaswehadpromised.在接下來的考試中，我們按照我們承諾的去做了。②WeallfeltveryproudaswewatchedthenationalflagrisingintheOlympicGamesonTV.當(dāng)我們?cè)陔娨暽峡吹綂W運(yùn)會(huì)升國旗時(shí)，我們都感到非常自豪。③Importantasregularexerciseis,it’sneveragoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtime.(建議信)盡管有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要，但臨睡前鍛煉不是個(gè)好主意。2.Afterawhileshesawsomezebrawithblackandwhitelinesgoingbeneaththeirstomachs.過了一會(huì)兒她看到了一些斑馬，它們身上有從上一直延伸到腹部的黑白相間的條紋。句型公式|with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(1)with＋賓語＋doing(表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)(2)with＋賓語＋done(表示被動(dòng)或已完成的動(dòng)作)(3)with＋賓語＋todo(表示將來的動(dòng)作)(4)with＋賓語＋介詞短語/adj./adv.①(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Everyrunnertriedtheirbesttofinishthetask,withtheirclassmatesalongthewaygivingthemnecessaryhelpaswellasencouragement.(報(bào)道)每一個(gè)跑步者都盡力完成了任務(wù)，一路上的同學(xué)給了他們必要的幫助和鼓勵(lì)。②(北京卷書面表達(dá))Withalltheworkdone,wewenttothenearbyneighborhoodandgavethemtothepeoplelivingthere.做完所有的工作后，我們?nèi)チ烁浇纳鐓^(qū)，把它們分發(fā)給了住在那里的人們。③Withalotofhomeworktodo,Ican’tgoskatingwithyou.(道歉信)因?yàn)橛泻芏嘧鳂I(yè)要做，所以我不能和你一起去滑冰了?！军c(diǎn)撥】當(dāng)with后的賓語和作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞之間是主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，常用v.－ing形式；如果是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則常用v.－ed形式；不定式表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Part2學(xué)案式檢測(cè)——背誦效果速評(píng)估(限時(shí)20分鐘)Ⅰ.單詞過關(guān)檢測(cè)課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——英漢互譯1.containvt.包含；容納；容忍2.attentionn.注意；關(guān)注；注意力3.lossn.損失；遺失；喪失4.threatenvt.&vi.恐嚇；威脅5.decreasevi.&vt.減少；(使)變?。换蜃兩?.laughtern.笑；笑聲7.affectvt.影響；感動(dòng)；侵襲8.inspectvt.檢查；視察9.fierceadj.兇猛的；猛烈的10.powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的；有力的11.wildlifen.野生動(dòng)植物12.habitatn.棲息地；(動(dòng)植物的)自然環(huán)境13.endangervt.危害；使受到危險(xiǎn)14.reserven.保護(hù)區(qū)15.speciesn.種類；物種16.insectn.昆蟲17.incidentn.事件；事變18.extinctionn.滅絕；消亡課外拓展延伸——詞形變換1.appreciatevt.鑒賞；感激；意識(shí)到→appreciationn.感激；欣賞2.respondvi.回答；響應(yīng)；做出反應(yīng)→responsen.回答；反應(yīng)；響應(yīng)3.distantadj.遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；疏遠(yuǎn)的→distancen.距離；遠(yuǎn)方4.relievevt.減輕；緩解；解除→reliefn.(痛苦或憂慮的)減輕或解除；減輕痛苦的事物5.succeedvi.成功vt.接替；繼任→successn.成功→successfuladj.成功的→successfullyadv.成功地6.employvt.雇用；利用(時(shí)間、精力等)→employern.雇主→employeen.雇員；雇工→employmentn.雇用；使用；就業(yè)7.harmn.&vt.損害；危害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.無害的8.protectvt.保護(hù)；防衛(wèi)→protectionn.保護(hù)→protectiveadj.防護(hù)的；保護(hù)的9.mercyn.仁慈；寬??；憐憫→mercifuladj.仁慈的；憐憫的→mercilessadj.殘酷的→mercifullyadv.仁慈地；憐憫地10.importantadj.重要的→importancen.重要(性)11.reserven.保護(hù)區(qū)vt.預(yù)訂；保留；儲(chǔ)備→reservationn.預(yù)訂；保留意見12.laughvt.&vi.笑→laughter__n.笑；笑聲13.powern.權(quán)力；能力→powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的；有力的14.inspectvt.視察；檢查→inspectionn.視察；檢查→inspectiveadj.檢查的；注意的；留意的15.certainadj.確定的；某一；一定→certaintyn.確定；一定→certainlyadv.當(dāng)然；一定16.endn.結(jié)尾；結(jié)束；末端vt.&vi.結(jié)束；終止→endingn.結(jié)局；結(jié)尾17.losevt.&vi.失去；迷失；輸?shù)?；丟失→lossn.損失；遺失；喪失→lostadj.失去的；迷失的Ⅱ.短語詞塊過關(guān)檢測(cè)課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——英漢互譯1.an__endangered__species瀕臨滅絕的物種2.die__out滅亡；逐漸消失3.in__peace和平地；和睦地；安詳?shù)?.in__relief如釋重負(fù)；松了口氣5.protect...from保護(hù)……不受……(危害)6.__pay__attention__to注意7.come__into__being形成；產(chǎn)生8.according__to按照；根據(jù)……所說9.anunexpectedincident一次意外事件10.sothat以至于；結(jié)果11.withoutmercy毫不憐憫地12.doharmto對(duì)……有害課外拓展延伸——英漢互譯1.decrease__from...to...從……減少到……2.be__in__danger__of__dying__out面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)3.at__a__loss__what__to__do不知道該做什么4.in__face__of__danger在危險(xiǎn)面前5.environmental__protection環(huán)境保護(hù)6.contain__oneself克制自己7.wildlifereserve野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)8.respondwithasmile報(bào)以微笑9.adistantmemory遙遠(yuǎn)的記憶10.sighinrelief松了一口氣11.acertainamountof一定數(shù)量的12.affectourownjudgment影響我們自己的判斷13.withattention專心致志地14.ahugesuccess巨大的成功15.outofemployment失業(yè)Ⅲ.句式過關(guān)檢測(cè)課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——補(bǔ)全句子1.這里是紅髯猴唯一的家園，但是現(xiàn)在它們所剩無幾了。(過去分詞作后置定語)ThisistheonlyhomeoftheredColobusmonkeybutthere__are__very__few__left.2.飛毯飛行得如此之快，以至于一轉(zhuǎn)眼他們就來到了津巴布韋。(so...that...)The__flying__carpet__travelled__so__fast__thatnextminutetheywereinZimbabwe.3.這體現(xiàn)了野生動(dòng)植物保護(hù)的重要性，不過，我還是想按照世界野生生物基金會(huì)的建議來幫助你們。(as引導(dǎo)從句)Itshowstheimportanceofwildlifeprotection，butI’dliketohelpas__the__WWF__suggests.4.過了一會(huì)兒她看到了一些斑馬，它們身上有從上一直延伸到腹部的黑白相間的條紋。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))Afterawhileshesawsomezebrawith__black__and__white__lines__going__beneath__their__stomachs.課外拓展延伸——補(bǔ)全句子1.每一個(gè)跑步者都盡力完成了任務(wù)，一路上的同學(xué)給了他們必要的幫助和鼓勵(lì)。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))Everyrunnertriedtheirbesttofinishthetask，with__their__classmates__along__the__way__giving__them__necessary__help__as__well__as__encouragement.2.在接下來的考試中，我們按照我們承諾的去做了。(as引導(dǎo)從句)Inthefollowingexams,wedid__as__we__had__promised.3.很榮幸有機(jī)會(huì)回復(fù)您的電子郵件，郵件中說您要來做一個(gè)關(guān)于西方藝術(shù)的講座。(respond)Itissuchagreathonorto__be__given__a__chance__to__respond__to__your__e－mailwhichsaysyouarecomingtogivealectureaboutWesternart.4.面對(duì)這么多要學(xué)的東西，我會(huì)感到恐懼，不知道該做什么。(loss)Facedwithsomanynewthingstolearn,Iwasovercomebyfearandwas__at__a__loss__what__to__do.Part3層級(jí)式精練——單元要點(diǎn)全練通1.appreciate用法個(gè)個(gè)清——猜詞義/練用法/寫美句①(2020·天津5月卷)IhadneededsomeoneelsetoshowmewhatIappreciatedinmydad.Itwasn’tthefactthathe’dwon；itwasmorethanthat.vt.欣賞②I’dappreciateyourwriting(write)mebackassoonaspossible.③HereIsincerelyexpressmyappreciation(appreciate)ifyoucouldhelpfindthelostsuitcase.④(2020·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))Givenyourbusyschedule，I’dbegratefulifyoucouldoffertogivesomeprofessionaladvice.→Givenyourbusyschedule，I’dappreciate__itifyoucouldoffertogivesomeprofessionaladvice.2.succeed用法多棱鏡——練用法/寫美句①(2021·全國甲卷)Asuccessful(success)swapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunithad.②(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)IfIsucceedinmanaging(manage)one，Iwillopenmore.Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcities.③(2020·浙江1月卷)我盼望你的參與，祝你成功！Iamlookingforwardtoyourinvolvementand__do__wish__you__a__success!3.affect用法巧練通——猜詞義/練用法/寫美句①(2020·江蘇卷)Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.vt.影響②Thepeoplepresentatthemeetingweredeeplyaffectedbythestory.vt.感動(dòng)③Affected(affect)withaseriousdisease，hewasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery.④Manyyoungpeoplewereaffectedbyhisstory.Theybegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.→Affected__by__his__story，manyyoungpeoplebegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.(分詞作狀語)4.contain用法一遍過——猜詞義/寫美句①(天津卷)Helookedatmeforamoment，andthenwroteasentencecontainingthebestadviceI’veeverhad.vt.內(nèi)含，包含②Thestadiumislargeenoughtocontain100thousandaudience.vt.容納③Hearingthedisappointingnews，hewastoosadtocontainhimself.vt.克制④(2022·溫州模擬)看到這個(gè)場(chǎng)景，他幾乎控制不住怒火。Seeingthescene，hecould__hardly/scarcely__contain__his__anger.5.“with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”面面觀——練用法/寫美句①Withaguideto__show(show)usaroundthescenicspots，we’resuretohaveagoodtime.②Withseveralproblemsremaining(remain)tobesolved，westillneededtoholdanothermeetingassoonaspossible.③Becausemoreandmoreforestsaredamaged，someanimalsaredyingout.→With__more__and__more__forests__damaged，someanimalsaredyingout.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))6.“as引導(dǎo)從句”句型薈萃——猜詞義/寫美句①(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But，Itriedmybest.__conj.如同；按照②(2020·天津7月卷)AccordingtoProfessorJohnson，wedon’thavetoreadthebookifwedon’twantto，asitisoptional.conj.因?yàn)棰?2020·天津7月卷)Asanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou，havingabigbrotherinvolvesalotofwalkinginsomeoneelse’sshadow.conj.正如④Althoughwearetired，weareproudofourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.→Tired__as/though__we__are，weareproudofourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.(倒裝句)維度一詞形變化練1.(2020·天津5月卷)Thelocalgovernmentdoesn’thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotection(protect)topromoteeconomicgrowth.2.(2020·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))Thisfruit－pickingexperiencebenefitedusalotandtaughtustheimportance(important)ofworking.3.(2020·浙江1月卷)Inthisway，theyknowhowitfeelstowalkalongdistance(distant)carryingheavybottles.4.(2019·浙江卷)Theloss(lose)ofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.5.Menandwomenmustbetreatedequallyineducationandemployment__(employ).6.Stresscanbeextremelyharmful(harm)toyourhealth.Exercise,meanwhile,canreduceitsbadeffects.7.Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending__(end),butthereadermustnotbeleftunsatisfied.8.Toourrelief__(relieve),themissingboyreturned,safeandsound.維度二固定用法練1.Greatattentionmustbe__paid__(pay)tolinkingtheorywithpractice.2.Afterheretired，theoldmandidallhecouldtoprotecttheoldtemplefrombeing__damaged__(damage).3.Shewasemployedinwatering(water)theflowers,soshedidn’tnoticewhatwashappening.4.Accordingtothereport，scientistshaveagreatmanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversecameintobeing.5.Ifwedon’ttakemeasurestoprotectthiskindofrareanimals，theywilldieoutsoonerorlater.6.Withhisgrandchildrenplayingaround，theoldmanlayinchairinpeaceandlookedatthemkindly.7.Accordingtoarecentreport，peoplelivinginthistownhavemostlymovedtobigcitiestofindabetterjobtoearnmoremoney.8.Notuntilwesucceedinlettingwildlifeliveinpeace，canwesmileinrelief.維度三語境辨義練■熟詞生義——根據(jù)語境寫出加黑詞的詞性和詞義1.(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.n.野外2.(陜西卷)Myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme,andmymothereventuallygaveinbeforemysuccess.vt.抑制■一詞多義——根據(jù)語境選出reserve的含義A.vt.預(yù)訂B.vt.保留C.n.備用，儲(chǔ)備D.n.保護(hù)區(qū)1.(全國卷Ⅰ)Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!__A2.(江蘇卷)Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves，Norphelcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200，000m3ofwater.__C3.(安徽卷)Next，LucysearchedoutelephantfamiliesinSamburuNationalReserveinnorthernKenyaandputaspeakerinatreeclosetoeachfamily.D4.Don’tsithere.Theseseatsarereservedfortheelderlyanddisabled.B人與自然——環(huán)境保護(hù)用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識(shí)完成作文調(diào)查研究表明，中國江豚(FinlessPorpoises)受人類活動(dòng)影響而瀕臨滅絕，目前總數(shù)不足1000只。假設(shè)你是李華，請(qǐng)用英文給WWF寫一封信，請(qǐng)他們關(guān)注這個(gè)現(xiàn)象并提供幫助。內(nèi)容包括：1.說明寫信目的；2.簡(jiǎn)述江豚現(xiàn)狀；3.希望WWF提供幫助。DearSir/Madam，I’mLiHua，writingtoaskyouto1.pay__attention__to__the__situation__of__Finless__Porpoises(關(guān)注中國江豚的情況).FinlessPorpoisesareseriouslyaffectedbyhumanactivities，sothat2.there__are__only__about__1，000__Finless__Porpoises__left(現(xiàn)在只剩下大約1000只江豚了)atpresent.Wesincerelyhopethatmeasurescanbetaken3.to__protect__this__endangered__species__from__dying__out(保護(hù)這個(gè)瀕危物種免于滅絕).Firstofall，weneedhelpfromexpertstobetterunderstandtheanimals，inwhichcasewecantakebettercareofthem.Inaddition，notonlywillasponsorshipbeneededbutalsomoreworkersshouldbeemployedtohelpus.Challengingas/thoughthetaskis，4.it__is__certain__that__we__will__succeed__in__time(可以肯定的是，我們遲早會(huì)成功的).5.I__would__appreciate__it__if__you__take__our__request__into__consideration(如果你能考慮我們的要求，我將不勝感激).Yourssincerely，LiHuaPart4配餐式作業(yè)——高考題型精準(zhǔn)練(限時(shí)30分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·云南省第一次高中畢業(yè)生統(tǒng)一檢測(cè))ANewZealandcouncilhasannouncedamonth－longroadclosureinordertoallowasealionandherpuptoreachtheoceansafely.JohnWilsonOceanDriveinDunedinwillbeclosedaftertheNewZealandsealionsmadetheirhomeatanearbygolfcourse(球場(chǎng))andstarted“regularlycrossingtheroadtogettothebeach”，accordingtoapostfromDunedinCityCouncil.“Youcanstillvisittheareaonfootorbybicycle，butpleasegivethesealionslotsofspace，”continuedthepost.Localsapplaudedthedecision，andoneevencalledfortheclosuretobemadepermanent.“Nodogsshouldbeonthebeach，either，”wroteGayleneSmith.“Weneedtoprotectourbeautifulsealife.”Dogsareknowntoattacksealions，andChisholmLinksGolfCourse，wherethesealionshavemadetheirhome，alsopostedadvicetodog－walkersinaupdate.“We’reluckytohavesealionsonourcoastlineandweneedtosharethespacewiththem，asthisiswhatmakesourcoastlinesounique！”wrotethecourseonamedium.ThecouncilwentontoexplainthatNewZealandsealionsareendangered，andareoneoftheworld’srarestspeciesofsealion.Thereareanestimated12，000NewZealandsealionsleft，accordingtotheDepartmentofConservation.Underlocallaw，anyonewhokillsasealioncouldfaceuptotwoyearsinprisonorafineofuptoNZ$250，000.【語篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道。新西蘭但尼丁市議會(huì)宣布要封閉道路一個(gè)月，目的是讓一海獅和它的幼崽安全抵達(dá)海洋。當(dāng)?shù)厝藢?duì)此十分支持。1.WhatdecisionhastheDunedinCityCouncilmade?A.Closinganoceandriveforamonth.B.Closingthenearbybeachtemporarily.C.Forbiddingentryintoagolfcourse.D.Forbiddingwalkingdogsoutside.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容和第二段中的“JohnWilsonOceanDriveinDunedinwillbeclosed”“accordingtoapostfromDunedinCityCouncil”可知，但尼丁市議會(huì)做的決定是封閉海洋車道一個(gè)月，目的是讓一海獅和它的幼崽安全抵達(dá)海洋。]2.HowdidtheCityCouncilannouncethedecision?A.ByinformingpeopleonTV.B.Bypostingitonamedium.C.Byadvertisinginanewspaper.D.Bysendingoutnotices.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“accordingtoapostfromDunedinCityCouncil”可知，該決定是通過一個(gè)帖子公布的。]3.Whatistheattitudeofthelocalpeopletowardtheclosure?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive.C.Uncaring. D.Critical.答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，當(dāng)?shù)厝朔Q贊這個(gè)決定，甚至有人呼吁永久封閉這個(gè)車道，由此可推知當(dāng)?shù)厝耸侵С诌@一決定的。]4.WhatcanwelearnaboutNewZealandsealionsfromthetext?A.Theyareunderlegalprotection.B.Theyareacommonspecies.C.Theyareafraidofhumans.D.Theyarebeingkilledbydogs.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，殺害海獅將面臨坐牢或被罰款的處罰，由此可知，海獅受到法律的保護(hù)。]【詞匯積累】1.council/'ka?nsl/n.委員會(huì)；會(huì)議；理事會(huì)2.roadclosure道路封閉3.golfcourse高爾夫球場(chǎng)4.applaud熟義：v.鼓掌生義：v.稱贊；贊許；贊賞5.permanent/'p??m?n?nt/adj.永久的，永恒的B(2022·合肥市第三次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Sometimeback，afterasix－year－oldlionessnamedMagigirepeatedlykilledcattle，BotswanaauthoritiescaughtandmovedherintoCentralKalahariGameReserve，farfrompeople.Magigispentmostofhertimewithinthereserve’sprotectiveboundaries，butafterayearsheescapedoutsideandwasshotdeadbyafarmer.NewresearchMaudeandhiscolleagueshaveconductedconfirmsthatMagigi’sunfortunatestoryiscommonformanyrelocatedlions.Fordecades，wildlifemanagersinanumberofAfricancountrieshaveusedsuchakindwaytodealwithlionsthatrepeatedlykilllivestock(牲畜).Butthenewresearchshowsthatafterlionsaremoved，mostcontinuetokilllivestockandendangervillagers’living.AcrossAfrica，lionnumbershavefallenby43percentinthepasttwodecades，toasfewas23，000animalstoday.About3，000remaininBotswana.Thesharpdeclinesareprimarilydrivenbydevelopment—lionsnowoccupyjust8percentoftheirhistorichabitat.Withlessspacesetasideforconservation，lionsaremorefrequentlycomingintocontactwithhumans.Theseareusuallyfarms，expandingaroundtheedgesoftheprotectedareas.Thelionseatlivestock，whichnegativelyimpactsthelivelihoodofthefarmersintheseruralareas.Withoutaproperwaytopreventtheseattacks，thefarmersoftenturntodeadlyforce，shootingorpoisoningthelions，whichhasresultedinthedecreaseinlionpopulation.“Ratherthantryingtomovelions，”wildlifeconservationistGlynMaudesays，“emphasisshouldbeplacedonreducingthechancesoflionsencounteringandkillinglivestockinthefirstplace.”ManypreventativemeasuresarebeingtestedinvariousAfricancountries，includinghiringlionguardians(守衛(wèi)者)tomonitorthesebigcats，creatinglion－prooffences，sendingoutliontextalerts，andteachingherderstokeeplivestockawayfromhigh－riskareas.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。在獅子襲擊牲畜之后，將獅子重新安置到自然保護(hù)區(qū)是慣用的手段。但是最新研究表明，這樣做不僅不能解決問題，還容易給獅子招來殺身之禍。5.WhywasMagigimovedtothereserve?A.Tostopherfrombeingcaught.B.Topreventherfromkillingcattle.C.Togethertostaywithherfamily.D.Totrainhertogetalongwithpeople.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Sometimeback，afterasix－year－oldoCentralKalahariGameReserve，farfrompeople.”可知，Magigi之所以被轉(zhuǎn)移到自然保護(hù)區(qū)是因?yàn)樗偸谦C殺牛。]6.WhatisthemajorreasonforthedeclineinthelionpopulationinAfrica?A.Illegalwildlifetrade.B.Human－lionconflict.C.Anaturaldisaster.D.Thelackoffoodintheirhabitat.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，由于人類的發(fā)展，獅子的自然棲息地受到了極大的壓縮，獅子離牲畜近了，就會(huì)捕食牲畜，這就加劇了獅子與當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民的沖突，于是他們經(jīng)常射殺或毒死獅子，從而導(dǎo)致獅子數(shù)量的下降。]7.WhatcanweinferfromMaude’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Lionswillbefencedintoavoidmeetingpeople.B.Therelocationoflionshasproventobeeffective.C.Preventionisthecureforlions’attackinglivestock.D.It’simpossibleforlionstolivewithhumansinharmony.答案C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“emphasisshouldbeplacedonreducing...inthefirstplace”可知，根據(jù)莫德的話，在解決獅子襲擊牲畜的問題上，預(yù)防應(yīng)是第一位的。]8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BigCats’RelocationProvingDeadlyB.LionsWasShotDeadafterAttackingaManC.TheTragicStoryofaMagicalLionessD.ConservationStatusoftheAfricanLion答案A[主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講了重新安置獅子不僅不能解決獅子獵食牲畜的問題，還有可能會(huì)危及獅子自身的安全，故A項(xiàng)適合作本文的標(biāo)題。]【詞匯積累】1.farfrom遠(yuǎn)離2.boundaryn.邊界3.endangerv.危害4.declinev.減少5.encounterv.遇到6.preventative/pr?'vent?t?v/預(yù)防性的；防備的Ⅱ.七選五(2022·鄭州市第三次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))Itissoeasytogetcomfortableandstuckinourcomfortzones.Weknowwhatwelike;weknowwhattoexpect；weknowwherewe’lldowellandwestaythere.Outsideofthiszonearerisksandfears.__1__Thisworkssometimes.However,whilethezoneoutsideofwherewearecomfortablemightbescaryandrisky，itisalsotheareaofgrowth.__2____3__Overtwodays,weworkedwiththegroupandhelpedthemseehowtheywerelimitingthemselves，theirlivesandtheircareersbyunknowinglystayingwithwhattheyknewandwheretheywerecomfortable.Weputtheminawkwardsituations,askedthemtoughquestionsandhelpedthemfeelillateaseuntiltheygotmorecomfortablewiththat.__4__Atlasttheyidentifiedwhattheywantedwasoutoftheircomfortzones.Isawthen,asIhaveseensomanytimesinmyownlifeandinthelivesofothers,thatthereissomuchpossibilitywhenwestretchandtry.Wemayneedtobuilduptoit.Wemayneedtogathersupportandencouragement.__5__Butwhenwedo,andwhenwereachbeyondwhereweusuallycomfortablystay,wefindourselvesinazoneofopportunity(機(jī)會(huì)).Wefindsomuchofwhatwewant.Takeatleasttwoactionsthatputyououtsideofyourcomfortzonesandgetyouclosertowhatyouwant.A.Opportunityzonesarewheredangerslie.B.So,wecontinuewherewearewithwhatweknow.C.Wemayneedtotakestepstogetclosertoourgoals.D.However,mostpeopleareusedtostayingintheircomfortzones.E.Itisouropportunityzone,withsomuchpotentialandpossibility.F.Wepushedthembeyondwheretheywerebothphysicallyandmentally.G.Weoncedesignedaprogramtopushpeopletostepoutoftheircomfortzones.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文，主要講述了舒適區(qū)會(huì)讓我們感到舒服安全，但是舒適區(qū)之外充滿了機(jī)會(huì)和可能性，所以試著走出舒適區(qū)，追求更大的進(jìn)步吧。1.B[過渡銜接句。根據(jù)空前面的“我們知道我們喜歡什么，我們知道該期待什么，