專題五：中考閱讀體裁篇

備戰(zhàn)2022年中考英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)突破

考向3議論文

Passage1（2021?山東濱州?中考真題）

"Lift'salong,longjourney,''sowearctold,andmostofuswouldnotsetoffonajourney,everashortone,

withoutsomeideasofwherewewantedtogo.Yetmanypeopletravelonlife'sjourneywithnosenseofdirectionat

all.

Settingpersonalgoalscangiveyourlifeasenseofdirection.Gcalsettingisusedbytopsportsplayers,

successfulbusinesspeopleandachieversinallfields.Beforeyousetpersonalgoals,thinkaboutwhatyouwantto

achievewithyourlife.

Trytosetgoalsinsomeofthefollowingcategories（類另U）:

Education—Willyouachievetheeducationalgoalsafterfinishinghighschool?Areyoustillgrowingand

learning?

Family—Whatkindofrelationshipdoyouwantwithyourparentsandotherfamilymembers?

Creative—Doyouwanttoachieveanyartisticgoals?

Career—Whatjobdoyouwanttotakewhenyougrowup?Whatdoyouneedtomakeyourdreametrue?

PublicService—Doyouwanttomaketheworldabetterplace?

Physical—Areyoufitenoughtodothethingsyouwanttodo?

Pleasure—Howdoyouwanttoenjoyyourself?

Tohelpmaketheprocessmoremanageable,divideyourgoalsintosmallertasks.Forexample,ifyouwantto

reachamaingoalinfiveyears,setathreeyeargoal,aoneyeargoal,athreemonthgoalandaonemonthgoal.Then

createadailyToDoListofthingsthatyoushoulddotoday.Whenagoalisachieved,takethetimetoenjoyyour

success.Thishelpsyoubuildthesclfconfidcncc.

Remember,yourgoalscanbechangedastimegoeson.Butbesureyourgoalsarethethingsyouhopeto

achieve,notwhatyourparents,familyorteacherswant.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whyshouldwcsetgoals?

A.Tohaveabetterfuture.B.Toenjoypleasureinlife.

C.lbknowwheretohaveajourney.D.Togiveourlifeasenseofdirection.

2.Whatshouldyouconsiderwhenyousetafamilygoal?

A.Theeducationyouwanttogel.B.Thejobtosupportyourfamily.

C.Thetimeyou'llspendreachingyourgoal.D.Therelationshipwithfamilymembers.

3.What'sthebestadvicetoachievethemaingoal?

A.Dividingyourgoalsintosmallertasks.B.CreatingadailyToDoListofthings.

C.Buildingtheselfconfidence.D.Settingthetimetoachievethemaingoal.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Onceyousetyourgoals,theycan'tbechanged.

B.Notallthepeoplecangetsuccessbysettinggoals.

C.Enjoyingsuccessinonegoalcanhelpyoudobetterinthenextone.

D.Yourgoalsarethethingsyouandyourparents,familiesorteacherswant.

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Alongjourney.B.Goalsettingforlife.C.Thedirectionoflife.D.Waystoachievegoals.

【答案】

1.D2.D3.A4.C5.B

【分析】

生活是一段漫長的旅程，設(shè)定目標(biāo)可以給我們的生活一個方向感。首先你要知道自己人生的目標(biāo)是什么，

如何設(shè)定自己的人生目標(biāo)，這篇短文中作者提出了一些建議。

I.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Settingpersonalgoalscangiveyourlifeasenseofdirection.”可知，設(shè)定個人目標(biāo)可以給

我們的人生方向感。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Family—Whatkindofrelationshipdoyouwantwithyourparentsandotherfamily

members?”可知，在設(shè)定家庭目標(biāo)的時候，你首先要想清楚你想與父母和其他家庭成員保持什么樣的關(guān)系。

故選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tohelpmaketheprocessmoremanageable,divideyourgoalsintosmallertasks.”可知，為

了完成一個主要的目標(biāo)，你應(yīng)該把它分成幾個小目標(biāo)。故選A。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Whenagoalisachieved,takethetimetoenjoyyoursuccess.Thishelpsyoubuildthe

selfconfidence”可知，當(dāng)一個目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)了，享受你的成功，這會幫助你建立自信，這樣可以幫助你在下一個

目標(biāo)中做得更好。故選C。

5.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文意以及短文中“Settingpersonalgoalscangiveyourlifeasenseofdirection.””［知，文章

中作者首先提到“設(shè)定個人目標(biāo)能給生活方向感”，然后下文介紹了如何設(shè)定人生目標(biāo)。B選項(xiàng)”殳定人生目

標(biāo)”符合文章主旨，作為標(biāo)題最合適。故選B。

Passage2（2021?北京?中考真題）

叫”/

mW

Natureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhuman

activitiesandontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However,thisisnotIheonly

opinionon（herelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggest（hatculture,

whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies（物種）.

Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle（斗爭）againsthumannature.Wcarcborn

withwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasa

waytogetusoutofourwidestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt（適應(yīng)）,

progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.

Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthatthe

formationofcultureispartof（hebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting（打獵）.Itseems（obean

adaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitylochange

livinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentofweapons（武器）isrelatedtothatadaptationfromrecksand

stonesloasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolslorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalso

seemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhow（hisvery

simplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture,itisthenclearthatbiological

developmentandculturaldevelopmentarccloselytied.

Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat'sinourblood.Justassnailscarrytheir

shells,sodowebringalongourculture.However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeor

amongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations.Wccanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwcwerebornfrom

步。故選D。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Consider,forexample,hunting（打獵）.Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumans

tomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.”可知,打獵似乎是一種

適應(yīng)，使人類能夠進(jìn)入新的和不同的地區(qū)，打開改變生活習(xí)慣的機(jī)會。文章提到打獵是為了展示文化是如

何隨著人類適應(yīng)環(huán)境而發(fā)展的。故選C。

8.詞義猜測題。分析“Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat'sinourbloodJustassnails

carrytheirshells,sodowcbringalongourculture.”可知，文化的傳播似乎與我們血液中的東西直接相關(guān)。就像

蝸牛帶著它們的殼一樣，我們也帶著我們的文化。所以此處transmission的意思是“傳播”，故選B.

9.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)"Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainst

natureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentof（hehumanspecies（物種）.“可知,作者認(rèn)為文化,無論是作

為一種反對自然的努力還是自然的努力，都是人類物種發(fā)展的--部分，作者認(rèn)為自然和文化之間是對立且

密切聯(lián)系的。故選C。

Passage3（2021?湖南長沙?中考真題）

Fromanearlyage,weweretaughtthatifwewantedtobesuccessful,wehadtostudyhardandgetgood

resultsatschool.Infact,goodstudentsmayjustendupdoingjobstheydon'tlike,andsomeevenleadanunhappy

life.Whyisitlikethat?

Insomeparents'eyes,schoolgradesmattermostfortheirkids.Inreality,therearcmanythingstoconsider

besidestheschoolsubjects,forexample,howtobeahappyperson,v/hattodotokeephealthy,andhowtoget

alongwellwithothers.Thatistosay,schoolisnotjustenoughifyouwanttohaveagreatlife.

Doingwellinschoolisdifferentfromdoingwellinlife.Studiesshowthatpeoplewhofailedatschoolmay

notendupfailinginlife.Youmayhavealreadyknownthatsomefamouspeople,likeThomasEdisonandSteve

Jobs,didn'tdoverywellatschoolorevenfailedtofinishschool.Infact,therearealotmorethanjustthebigshots

whoaresuccessfulinlifewithoutfinishingschool.Theyseize（抓?。〆verychancetolearnandfinallymakeitto

（hetop.

Lifeisreallyalonglesson,solongthatyoucan'tdefine（界定）aperson'ssuccessbyjustonesection（部分）

ofit.Ifyouhavealreadyfinishedschool,keeplearningbecausewhatyouhavelearnedatschoolwillneverbe

enoughtoliveasatisfyinglife.Ifyouarcstillstudying,whetheryouarcgoodorbadatschool,don'ttakeyour

schoolresultstooseriouslyaslongasyouhaveputyourheartintoit.Keeplearningtomakethemostofyour

talents（天賦）.That'showyoucanliveahappyandsuccessfullife.

10.What'sthewriter'smainpurposeofwritingParagraph（段落）One?

A.Tointroduceatopic.B.Togiveexamples.C.Toprovideasolution.

11.Insomeparents5eyes,what'sthemostimportantfbrtheirkidsbasedonParagraphTwo?

A.Beinghappy.B.Stayinghealthy.C.Gettinggoodgrades.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“bigshots^^inthethirdparagraphmean?

A.好學(xué)生B.神槍手C.大人物

13.Accordingtothepassage,whichsentencemayagreewiththewriter'sidea?

A.Ittakesmoneytobesuccessful.

B.Schoolgradesaren'teverything.

C.Successfulpeopleneverfinishschool.

14.Whatcanweinfer（推斷）fromthetext?

A.Oldhabitsdiehard.B.Learningisalifelongjourney.C.Goodgradesalwayspromiseasuccessfullife.

【答案】

10.A11.C12.C13.B14.B

【分析】

本文是一篇議論文。在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)成績好可以和未來的成功劃等號嗎？其實(shí)學(xué)校中的常勝將軍可能并非人生

贏家，反之亦然。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Infact,goodstudentsmayjustendupdoingjobstheydoiftlike,andsomeevenleadan

unhappylife.Whyisitlikethat?”可知作者寫第一段是為了引出學(xué)習(xí)成績好并不能和未來的成功劃等號這一

話題。故選A。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)someparents,eyes,schoolgradesmattermostfortheirkids.”可知在一些家長的眼里,

學(xué)習(xí)成績對孩子們來說才是最重要的。故選C。

12.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)"whoarcsucccssflilinlifewithoutfinishingschool"可知此處指的是沒上學(xué)就取得成功

的大人物，bigshots意為“大人物”。故選C。

13.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Thatistosay,schoolisnotjustenoughifyouwanttohaveagreatlife.”可知想要擁有美

好生活，只成績好是不夠的，由此可知”學(xué)校成績并不代表一切?！边@一句符合作者的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Ifyouhavealreadyfinishedschool,keeplearningbecausewhatyouhavelearnedatschool

willneverbeenoughtoliveasatisfyinglife.”可知即使完成學(xué)業(yè)了也要繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)習(xí)是一個終生旅程。故選

B。

Passage4（2021?陜西?中考真題）

LookattheEarthfromspace.Whydoesourplanetlooksoblue?It'sbluebecausewatercoversalmostthree

quartersoftheEarth'ssurface.Waterisnotjustanimportantpartofourplanet.Itisanimportantpartofourbody,

（oo.Morethanhalfofourtotalbodyweightiswater.

Ourbodyloseswaterwheneverweexerciseorgotothetoilet.Ihafswhyweneedtodrinkplentyofwaler

everyday.Wedrinkwater.Weuseittocook,clean,andcarrywasteoutofourhomes.Farmersuseittogrow

vegetablesandcropslikericeandcorn;factoriesuseittomakeproducts.

Sincethe1950s,theamount（數(shù)量）ofwaterpeopleusehasincreasedbythreetimes.Butthewalersupply（供

應(yīng)）hasn't.Scientistsworrythatsoontherewon'tbeenoughwaterfbrus,aswellasfbrtheanimalsandplantsthat

shareourworld.Whatcanwedotohelp?Usewaterwisely.

Havingenoughwaterisn'touronlyproblem.Wealsoneeditclean.

Rightnow,shipsandfactoriesareputtingwastesintoseas,riversandsoon.Evenchemicals（hatfarmersuse

arerunningintoriversandlakes.Allthispollutioncanmake（hewaterdangeroustodrink.Ilcanalsoharmfishand

othervvalerlivinglives.

Wemustdosomethingtostoppollution.It'sthebestwaytoprotectourworld'smostvaluablenaturalresource

（資源）.

15.HowmanyimportantareasofwaterarementionedinParagraph1?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

16.Theunderlinedsentence“Wealsoneeditclean^^inParagraph4means”

A.WealsoneedwatertowashthingsB.Wealsoneedwaterthatlooksclean

C.WcalsoneedtokeepwatercleanD.Wealsoneedtodiscovercleanwater

17.Thispassagewaswrittento

A.askpeopletovaluewaterB.advisepeopletodrinkmorewater

C.introducetheusesofwaterD.describethesituationofwatersupply

【答案】

15.B16.C17.A

【分析】

本文介紹了水資源對我們的重要性，以及它現(xiàn)在所面臨的問題，呼吁人們要珍惜水資源。

15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Waterisnotjustanimportantpartofourplanet.Itisanimportantpartofourbody,too''

可知，水不僅僅是地球的重要組成部分，它也是我們身體的一個重要部分；一共提到了兩個水資源的重要

區(qū)域，故選B。

16.句意猜測題。根據(jù)下文“Rightnow,shipsandfactoriesareputtingwastesintoseas,riversandsoorT可知，

下文講述了水污染的情況，所以我們必須要保持水資源是干凈的，劃線句子與C選項(xiàng)的句子同義，故選C。

17.主旨大意題。根據(jù)"Wemustcosomethingtostoppollution.Itsthebestwaytoprotectourworld'smost

valuablenaturalresource”可知，作者的目的是讓人們珍惜水資源，故選A*

Passage5（2021?重慶?四川外國語大學(xué)附屬外國語學(xué)校三模）

WiththeYearoftheRatingup,IremembergoingoutforChinesefoodwhenIwasakidintheUS.In

Chineserestaurants,（herearealwaysplateswithpicturesofthezodiacanimals（十二生肖）.Formostpeoplein（he

US.thismightbethedeepestimpressionofChineseculture.Onetime,westartedtolaughafterwelearnedthatmy

auntisarat.

Welaughedbecauseinourculture,ratsareanimalsofverylowposition.Theyeatrubbishandcarydiseases,

sowcthinktheyarcdirty.Becauseratsaresneaky（鬼鬼祟祟的）,wcthinkofthemasuntrustworthy.Calling

semeonearatisveryrude.Ilmeanswecannottrusthimorhereasily,orwewillbecheated.

Asakid,thiscausedmetofeelbadforpeoplebornintheYearoftheRat.Iwonderedwhethertheywouldbe

lookeddownuponbyothers.IdidsomeresearchandfoundthatalthoughChinesepeoplealsoseeratsasdirty

animals,theyaddedthemtothezodiacforsomereasons.

Ratsarethoughttobeanimalsthatcanbringpeoplewealth.Theyarealsoabletogivebirthtolotsofbabies,

whichmakesthemasymbolofgoocluck—traditionally,Chinesepeopleprefertohavelargefamilieswithmany

children.Ratsarebelievedtohaveintelligenceaswell.Itisbelievedthatsneakyanimalsmustbeclever.

Sonow,Tmenteringthenewyearwithafreshwayoflookingatrats.PerhapsIneedtofindanew

understandingforotherChings-animals,ideasorevenpeople!

18.ThewritergavereasonstoexplainwhyChinesepeopleaddratstothezodiac.

A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five

19.Fromthepassage,weknowthat.

A.ratsareanimalsofverylowpositioninChineseculture

B.ChinesechildrenbornintheYearoftheRatarelookeddownupon

C.ratsarconlyseenasdirtyanimalsinChineseculture

D.Chinesepeoplebelieveratsaresneakybutcleveranimals

20.Accordingtothepassage,PhrasecandescribesomeonecalledaratinUS.

A.油嘴滑舌B.伶俐乖巧C.背信棄義D.言出必行

21.Thewritermainly（alksabout

A.whyAmericanpeopledon'tlikeratsB.whatChinesepeoplethinkofrats

C.howpeopleseeratsindifferentculturesD.whocanfindanewunderstandingforrats

【答案】

18.B19.D20.C21.C

【分析】

本文主要講述了不同國家的人對于“鼠”這個動物的看法，美國人認(rèn)為老鼠吃垃圾，身上攜帶著病毒，稱呼別

人“老鼠”是非常不禮貌的，而在中國，老鼠被認(rèn)為是能給人們帶來財(cái)富的動物，以此作者認(rèn)為自己需要找到

一種對其他事物的新理解一動物、思想甚至是人！

18.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ratsarcthoughttobeanimalsthatcanbringpeoplewealth**'Theyarcalsoabletogive

birthtolotsofbabies"及“Ratsarcbelievedtohaveintelligenceaswell”可知,一共給出了三條理由,故選B。

19.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Becauseratsarcsneaky"及"Ratsarcbelievedtohaveintelligenceaswell”可知,中國人

認(rèn)為老鼠是狡猾但聰明的動物，故選D“

20.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Callingsomeonearatisveryrude.Itmeanswecannottrusthimorhereasily,orwewillbe

cheated”可知，叫某人是老鼠是很不禮貌的。這意味著我們不能輕易信任他或她，否則我們會被欺騙，所以

用“背信棄義”這個詞最能形容，故選C。

21.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文是作者通過美國和中國對'鼠”的看法來表達(dá)了不同文化的觀點(diǎn)，故選

Co

Passage6（2021?重慶?四川外國語大學(xué)附屬外國語學(xué)校三模）

Skirtsanddresseshavebeensymbolsofwomenforages.Butthingsaredifferentnow.

YaoQing,23,showsthechange.Shegaveupherskirtsandcutherhairshorter.Thenshestartedtowearshirts,

trousersorclothesinblack,whiteorgray.

“Ifeltmoremyselfthatway,“Yaosaid.Althoughsheremainsa“sweetandnicelady“fbryears,shehasbeen

actuallyfbndofoutdoorsportslikeskateboardingandskiingsincechildhood."Womenarcfreetoshowourtrue

personality/'sheadded,uandskirtsandhighheeledshoesarelessconvenientindailyliffe.”

Anotherchangeliesinwomen'sawareness（意識）oftheirindependence.34yearoldXuanYaninin,for

example,triedonherhusband'sclothesandputherphotosonline.Manypeoplesaidshelookedhandsomeandcool.

Someevenwantedtohaveatry,tooThenshestartedadiscussiont4Howhandsomegirlscanbeinmenswear”，

whichgotover70millionviewsand15,000ments.

“Societyismoreopennow.Andourindependenceisexpressedinthenewwaywedress,“saidXuan.

However,stylistShangTaosuggestedthat."Il'smoreimportanttofindthewaywhichsuitsyourself

better.Thekeyistothinkaboutyourownadvantagesanddisadvantagesand（heenvironmentaroundyou,and

chooseclothesthatcanhelpyoufeelmoreconfident,“hesaid.

22.''Anotherchange^^inParagraph4refersto.

A.mengettingmoreattentionthanbeforeB.moreladiesshowinginterestinmenswear

C.ladiescuttingtheirhairshorterthanmenD.moreladiespreferringworkingathome

23.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe?

A.ladiesshouldgiveupskirtsassoonaspossibleB.ladiesshouldthinkaboutchanging（heirhairstyle

C.ladiesshouldthinktwicebeforefollowingthisstyleD.thesocietyshouldbemoreopenthanbefore

24.Thispassageiswrittento.

A.showwomenhavedifferentideasaboutsportsB.showgrowingindependencethroughdressingstyle

C.paremenwithwomenindifferentkindsofclothesD.askgirlsnottobuydressesandskirtsanymore

25.Thepassageiswrittenina/antone（語上I）.

A.angryB.sadC.crazyD.serious

【答案】

22.B23.C24.B25.D

【分析】

本文是一篇議論文。文章主要通過YaoQing和XuanYanmin的例子介紹了隨著現(xiàn)代女性獨(dú)立意識的增強(qiáng)，

女性在個人的衣著選擇方面更加多元化，而不僅限于傳統(tǒng)的連衣裙和短裙。

clothes…got段"triedonherhusband'sclothes...gotover70millionviewsand15.000ments.”可知許多女性對男士

的服裝感興趣。故選B。

23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段"It'smoreimportanttofindthewaywhichsuitsyourselfbetter.”"J知時裝設(shè)計(jì)師建

議，找到更適合自己的才是最重要的。故選C。

24.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了女性通過改變穿著方式體現(xiàn)獨(dú)立。故選B。

25.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者通過兩個例子，客觀地闡述了女性在穿著方式上的改變，這種改變體現(xiàn)著女性的獨(dú)

立。由此可知作者是用嚴(yán)肅的語氣寫的。故選D。

Passage7（2021?山西太原?三模）

Borninthe2（X）0s,whatdoyouthinkofyourgeneration（一代人）？Young,creative,connected,global,smart,

maybegoodlooking?Butwhatdootherpeoplethinkaboutyourgeneration?

Someadultsworrythatyou'remoreinterestedinthephonethantheworldaroundyou.Theyseeyouasthe

44faccdowngeneration”andwonderhowyouwilldealwithschool,friends,andfamily.Arctoday'steenagerstoo

busytextingandtakingselfies（自揄tobeesuccessfulinreallife—or“IRL"，asyouwouldsay?

Otheradultsworrythattoday'syoutharcspoiledanddon'twanttofacethechallengesofadultlife.Many

childrenborninthe1990sand2000swereraisedby^helicopterparents^^whowerealwaystheretodoeverything

forthem.Sotoday'syoungpeopleseemtoprefertoliveliketeenagersevenwhentheyareintheir20sor30s.

Doesthefacedowngenerationneedaheadsup?Well,probablynot.Thefactisthatmanyoftoday'steenagers

arebettereducatedandmorecreative（hanpastgenerations.Theyalsoseemtobewillinglobeeleaders.More

youngpeoplethanevervolunteertoserve（heirmunities.TherearealsobraveyoungpeoplesuchasMalala

Yousafzai,theteenagerwhowonthe2014NobelPeacePrizefbrpushinggirls'rightstogotoschool.

Soifyouarconeofthemborninthe2000s,there*sreasontobehopefulaboutthefuture.Thingsarclooking

uptorthefacedowngeneration.

26.Thewriterledthereaderslothepassage.

A.byshowinghisideas

B.byaskingquestions

C.bydescribingthesituation

27.Youngpeopleborninthe2000sarccalled44faccdowngcncration^^because.

A.theyarealwaysbusywithhomeworkwiththeirheadsdown

B.theyarenotcloselyconnectedtothepeoplearoundthen

C.theyshowgreatinterestinthephoneanduseittoomuch

28.Theunderlinedword“spoiled”probablymeansinChinese.

A.寵壞的B.膽小的C.吝嗇的

29.Inthewriter'seyes,today'steenagers.

A.arenotcreativebecauseoftheeducationalproblem

B.arewillingtotakepartinmanysocialactivities

C.aresmarterandmoregoodlookingthantheirparents

30.Themainideaofthepassageisthat.

A.mobilephonesareharmfultoteenagers,growthanddevelopment

B.teenagersdon'tneedtochangedicmsclvcstomeetadults'standards

C.althoughtheyoungpeoplehavesomeproblems,theirfutureisfullofhope

【答案】

26.B27.C28.A29.B30.C

【分析】

本文主要講述了人們對出生在21世紀(jì)的孩子們的一些看法。有人認(rèn)為他們過度沉迷手機(jī)；有人擔(dān)心他們被

寵壞；作者認(rèn)為他們更有創(chuàng)造力，是更有希望的一代人。

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Arctoday'steenagerstoobusytextingandtakingselfiestobeesuccessfulinreallife—or

，IRL\asyouwouldsay?”可知，作者開頭通過一個問題來引出下文。故選B。

27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Someadultsworrythatyou'remoreinterestedinthephonethantheworldaroundyou.,,

可知，這一代的孩子們過于對手機(jī)感興趣并經(jīng)常使用手機(jī)，所以被叫做“低頭族故選C。

28.同義猜測題。根據(jù)“Manychildrenborninthe1990sand2000swereraisedby"helicopterparents'whowere

alwaystheretodoeverythingforthem.,,nj）;n,父母為孩子做一切事情，可推測出孩子們被寵壞了。故選A。

29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thefactisthatmanyoftoday'steenagersarebettereducatedandmorecreativethanpast

generations.Theyalsoseemtobewillingtobeeleaders.Moreyoungpeoplethanevervolunteertoservetheir

munities.”可知，這一代的孩子更有創(chuàng)造力，更愿意參加社會活動。故選B。

30.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Soifyouarconeofthemborninthe2000s,there'sreasontobehopefulaboutthefuture.n

可知，盡管這一代有些孩子沉迷手機(jī)，有些被寵壞，但是他們的未來是充滿希望的。故選C。

Passage8（2021?云南曲靖?二模）

InFebruary,theMinistryofEducationannounced（hatmobilephonesshould,inprinciple（原則上）,bebanned

（禁止）inprimaryandsecondaryschools.Thisaimstoprotectstudents'eyesight,makesuretheypaymore

attentiontotheirworkandpreventthemfrombeingsointerestedintheInternetandonlinegames.Butsomekids

havetheirownopinions.

XuXiaohe,a13yearoldboyfromZhejiang,supportsthepolicy（政策）.“Infact,myschoolhasneverallowed

ustobringourmobilephones,nXusaid.uIt'sadistractionfromourwork.Evenadultscan'tcontrolthemselves,let

alonekidslikeus.”

LiZihan,13,fromBeijing,however,feelsdifferently.*'Wehavegrownupwithmobilephones.Weshouldbe

taughtselfhianagementskills,aswellasleanihowtouseourphoneswiselytohelpwithourstudies,“Lisaid.

“Ttismightbethebestwaytodealwithtechnologyinmoderntimes”

ForGeZiqi,theproblemwithbanningphoneshasmoretodowithlifeoutsideofschool.The13yearold

Beijingerusesabikesharingappeverydaytotravelbetweenherhoir.eandschool.t4Today,phonesareused

everywhere,fromtakingabustobuyingfood,''shesaid.t4IfIcan'ttakemyphonewithme,I'llhavetobuymy

ownbicyclc.^^

31.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthepurposeofthemobilephonebanatschool?

A.Toprotectstudents'eyesight.

B.lbencouragestudentstopaymoreattentiontostudy.

C.Toimprovestudents'selfinanagement.

D.Tostopstudentsfrombeingsointerestedonlinegames.

32.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“distraction"inParagraph2mean?

A.干擾B.考驗(yàn)C.分離D.促進(jìn)

33.Accordingtothepassage,LiZihanmightagreethat.

A.amobilephonebanisthebestwaytodealwithtechnologyinmoderntimes

B.amobilephonemustn'tbebroughttoschool

C.amobilephonebanhasmoretodowithlifeoutsideofschool

D.kidsshouldbetaughtselfinanagementskillstousemobilephones

34.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?

A.Anemail.B.Afairytalc.C.Atravelguide.D.Ateenagenewspaper.

35.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Howtousemobilephoneswisely.B.Viewsonthemobilephoneban.

C.Ideasonhowtodealwithtechnology.D.Howtouseourfreetime.

【答案】

31.C32.A33.D34.D35.B

【分析】

本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹了針對教育部頒發(fā)的禁止學(xué)生帶手機(jī)去學(xué)校這?規(guī)定，三位同學(xué)給出了他們

的觀點(diǎn)。

31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Thisaimsto.....beingsointerestedintheInternetandonlinegames”可

知，學(xué)校禁止使用手機(jī)目的在保護(hù)學(xué)生的視力，確保他們更加關(guān)注自己的工作，并防止他們對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和網(wǎng)

絡(luò)游戲如此感興趣，故選C。

32.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“XuXiaohc,a13ycaroldboyfromZhejiang,supportsthepolicy（政策）”

可知，許小河是支持禁令政策的，所以此處“It'sadistractionfromourwork”表示他認(rèn)為手機(jī)會對我們的工作

有干擾，故選A。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的"Weshouldbetaughtselfmanagementskills,aswellaslearnhowtouse

ourphoneswiselytohelpwithourstudies”可知，李子涵認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該被教授自我管理技能以及如何在我們的

學(xué)習(xí)上合理使用手機(jī)，故選D。

34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要針對手機(jī)是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)入校園問題而展開論述，因此與學(xué)生

息息相關(guān)，所以在青少年報(bào)紙里面最有可能讀到，故選D。

35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容以及下文中三位學(xué)生的觀點(diǎn)可知，本文主要是關(guān)于學(xué)生對手機(jī)禁令

的看法，故選B。

Passage9（2021?廣東白云?二模）

a.m.p.m.,livemusicandmalls-Chinesecitiesoffereverythingthatayoungpersonmightwant.Butthereare

manypeoplewhodon'thavetimetoenjoythesethings.Theyfollowwhatiscalledthe"996"work

schedule—startingworkat9a.m.andfinishingat9p.m.,sixdaysaweek.

The“996”workschedulerecentlybecameaheatedtopicofdiscussiononlineafteraputerprogrammersetup

awebsitecalled“996ICU”.Accordingtothewebsite,the“996"workscheduleisunhealthyandcouldcausepeople

toendupinanintensivecareunit（ICU）.ThisworkscheduleismonatChinesetechpanieslikeBaidu,Alibaba

andHuawei.Most“996”workersdonotreceiveovertime（加班）pay.

Manytechindustryworkershaveplainedaboutthisschedule.t4Iworked'996'fbrninemonths,“Zhangsaid,

whousedtoworkasaprogrammer.couldn'tsleepbecauseofthepressure.So,1gaveupthejobatlast.”

Ilowever,thebossesofsometechpaniesthinkthe"996"workscheduleisreasonable.JackMa,founderofAlibaba,

saidit'sa"hugeblessing（福氣）“fb