備戰(zhàn)2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型專練（新高考）17

閱讀理解之推理判斷題

【考試方向】推理判斷題主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，

推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強的高層次閱讀理解題。做這類題時，考

生應(yīng)在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上，從文章本身所提供的信息出發(fā)，運用邏輯思維，同時借助一定的常識進行分析、

推理、判斷。

提問整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思時，問句中都含有infer,imply,indicate,suggesl（推斷，暗指）等詞。

對付這類題時我們不僅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潛在的含義，和作者所給的提示。

同時要對文章的含義和作者的暗示作合理的猜測和推論。這種問題的提問方式通常有：

l.Fromparagraph4wecaninferthat./Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?/Fromthelastparagraphwe

caninferthat.

2.Wecaninferfromthetextthat.../Whatcanwelearnfrom...?/Wecanconcludefromthe

passagethat...

3.Thelastsentenceof（hefirstparagraphmostprobablyimplieschat.

4.Theauthorimpliesthatbytheyear2080,.

5.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould.

6,Theauthormentionsthefactthat...toshow.

7.Thispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin?

8.Theauthor'sattitudetoward...is?

9.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas?

這些提問方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必須根據(jù)提問中的某些關(guān)鍵字眼與短文中相應(yīng)的

有關(guān)內(nèi)容加以邏輯推理或演算，從而得出某些作者并未說明卻已在字里行間所暗含的意思及觀點。具體的

說，考生應(yīng)當注意以下兒點：

1.首先要注意一定要忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)。立足己知，推斷未知，遵循“詞不

離句，句不離段，段不離篇”的原則。千萬不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀點代替

作者的觀點。

2.要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ)。有的推斷，考

生完全可以根據(jù)文章中所闡述的紐節(jié)，再結(jié)合自己所掌握的基礎(chǔ)知識、有關(guān)背景知識或常識來幫助進行分

析、推敲，從而得出符合文章原意的結(jié)論。

3.要對文字的表面信息進行挖掘加工，由表及里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從特殊到一般，通過分析、

綜合、判斷等，進行深層處理，合乎邏輯地推理。不能就事論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。

4.要把握句、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)，同時還要體會文章的基調(diào)，揣摩作者的態(tài)度，摸

準邏輯發(fā)展方向，悟出作者的言外之意。

5.在解答推理性問題時，一定要注意確定推理依據(jù)的位置或范圍。應(yīng)清楚所要解答的問題需要針對某個

細節(jié)進行推斷，還是針對主題思想、作者的意圖進行推斷。針對細節(jié)的推斷可運用scanning的方法，迅速

在材料中確定推理依據(jù)的位置或范圍，然后再進行推理判斷。針對主題思想作推斷時，則常常要縱覽全篇

文章。

【答題技巧】

1.細節(jié)推斷題

要求考生根據(jù)語篇關(guān)系，推斷具體細節(jié)，如時間、地點、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件、具體信息等八

考生要從文章本身所提供的信息出發(fā)，抓住關(guān)鍵的信息詞，運月邏輯思維，并借助一定的常識進行分析、

推理、判斷。

【真題再現(xiàn)】（2020?北京高考真題）CertainformsofAIareindeedbeingubiquilous.Forexample,

algorithms（算法）carryouthugevolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets,selfdrivingcarsareappearingoncity

streets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother.Thesesystemsaresometimesfaster

andmorepercepiivethanwehumansare.Buisofar（ha（isonlytruefor【hespecifictasksforwhichihesysiems

havebeendesigned.ThalissomethingthatsomeAIdevelopersarenoweagertochange.

Someoftoday'sAIpioneerswanttomoveonfromtoday'sworldof“weak”or“narrow"Al,tocreate“strong”

orkfuirAI,orwhatisoftencalledartificialgeneralintelligence（AGI）.Insomerespects,today'spowcrfiilputing

machinesalreadymakeourbrainslookweak.AG1could,itsadvocatessay,workforusaroundtheclock,and

drawingonallavailabledata,couldsuggestsolutionstomanyproblems.DM,apanyfocusedonthedevelopment

ofAGI,hasanambitionto“solveintelligence^.°Ifwe'resuccessful,Mtheirmissionstatementreads,“webelieve

thiswillbeoneofthemostimportantandwidelybeneficialscientificadvancesevermade.”

SincetheearlydaysofAI,imaginationhasoutpacedwhatispossibleorevenprobable.In1965,an

imaginativemathematiciancalledIrvingGoodpredictedtheeventualcreationofan"ultraintelligentmachine...that

canfarsurpassalltheintellectual（智力的）activitiesofanyman,howeverclever.''Goodwentontosuggestthat

“thefirstultraintelligentmachine^^couldbe“thelastinventionthatmanneedevermake.”

Fearsabouttheappearanceofbad,powerful,manmadeintelligentmachineshavebeenreinforced（強化）by

manyworksoffiction—MaryShelley'sFrankensteinandtheTerminatorfilmseries,fbrexample.ButifAIdocs

eventuallyprovetobeourdownfall,itisunlikelytobeatthehandsofhumanshapedformslikethese,with

recognisablyhumanmotivationssuchasaggression（敵對行為）.Instead,IagreewithOxfordUniversity

philosopherNickBostrom,whobelievesthattheheaviestrisksfromAGIdonotefromadecisiontoturnagainst

mankindbutratherfromadoggedpursuitofsetobjectivesattheexpenseofeverythingelse.

ThepromiseanddangeroftrueAGIaregreat.Butalloftoday'sexciteddiscussionaboutthesepossibilities

presupposesthefactthatwewillbeabletobuildthesesystems.And,havingspokentomanyoftheworld's

foremostAIresearchers,1believethereisgoodreasontodoubtthatwewillseeAGIanytimesoon,ifever.

9.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“ubiquitous“inParagraphIprobablymean?

A.EnormousB.Changeable.B.Changeabledaily

C.StablcD.Presently.D.Presenteverywhere.

10.WhatcouldAGIdoforus,accordingtoitssupporters?

A.HelpB.Makeckleproblems.B.Makebrainsmoreactive.

C.BenefilD.Settiouspeople.D.Setuppowerfuldatabases.

11.AsfbrIrvingGood'sopiniononultraintelligentmachines,theauthoris.

A.supportiveB.disapprovingB

C.fcarfulD.unccrtainD

12.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAGIfromthepassage?

A.Itmaybeonlyadream.

B.Itwilleintobeingsoon.

C.Itwillbecontrolledbyhumans.

D.Rmaybemoredangerousthanever.

【答案】9.D10.All.B12.A

【分析】

這是一篇議論文。文章主要就通用人工智能（AGI）實現(xiàn)的可能性進行了論述。

9.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句后面的Forexample,algorithms（算法）carryouthugevolumesoftradingon

ourfinancialmarkets,selfdrivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromone

languageintoanother（例如，算法在我們的金融市場上進行大量交易，自動駕駛汽車出現(xiàn)在城市街道上，我

animalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.

Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractually

touchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesand

makelifemoredifficultforleafeatinginsectslikecaterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumpor

flyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactually

fairlyclear,hiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodfor（hetreesandotherforestlife.

Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.Alleast80inches

ofrainayearisnonnalandinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrainyour

umbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon'tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,

streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity（濕氣）oflargerainforestscontributestotheformalionof

raircloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.

1.Whatcanwclearnaboutlainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?

A.TheyB.Theyceoxygen.B.Theycoveravastarea.

C.TheyD.Theyellmanaged.D.Theyarerichinwildlife.

2.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?

A.HeavyB.BigsB.Bigtrees.

C.SmalID.ForestD.Forestanimals.

3.Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?

A.ForB.Forsunlight.B.Formoregrowingspace.

C.ForD.Foiprotection.D.Forthedetectionofinsects.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LifeGivingB.TheforeslsB.TheLawoftheJungle

C.AnimalsD.WealhermazonD.WealherinRainforests

【答案】l.D2.B3.C4.A

【分析】

本文是說明文。熱帶雨林被稱為“世界上最大的藥房”，因為超過25%的現(xiàn)代藥物是由其植物提煉。熱

帶雨林也享有“地球之肺”的美譽，因其植物的光合作用凈化地球空氣的能力尤為強大。僅亞馬遜熱帶雨林產(chǎn)

生的氧氣就占全球氧氣總量的1/3。

1.組節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.得

知，熱帶雨林蘊藏了豐富多彩的藥用植物、食物以及鳥禽猛獸?？芍?，熱帶雨林有豐富的野生動物，故選D,

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurviva：;thetalltrees

makeacanopy（樹冠層）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectihemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimals

fromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.得知，熱帶雨林有自己完美的生存

體系，高大的樹木有枝干，樹葉的樹冠層保護樹木本身、小植物、動物們免受大雨和太陽強風帶來的干燥

熱浪的傷害?？芍?，大樹有助于熱帶雨林生存，故選B,

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesand

makelifemoredifficultforleafeatinginsectslikecaterpillars.得知，科學(xué)家們認為這是植物阻止任何樹木疾病擴

散和讓比如毛毛蟲這種食用樹葉的昆蟲難以生存。可以判斷出入同樹木的樹葉和樹枝避免彼此觸碰是為了

自我保護，故選C。

4.主旨大意題。本文首先講述了熱帶雨林蘊藏了豐富多彩的藥用植物、食物以及鳥禽猛獸。其次，熱帶雨林

就是地球的肺——它吸納了大量的二氧化碳，并制造了全球氧氣的很大部分。然后，雨林可以自我形成所

需降雨的75%,而龐大的熱帶雨林濕氣則可以形成雨云，這些雨云則可以飄往那些缺雨水的國家。可以判

斷出本文最佳標題是“給予生命的熱帶雨林”，故選A。

3.人物性格、心情處境、態(tài)度及觀點等推斷題

高考閱讀測試中有些題目考查學(xué)生對文章作者的主導(dǎo)思想、被描寫人物語氣、言談話語中流露的情緒、

性格傾向和作用或文中人物的態(tài)度、觀點等方面的理解。做這一類題時一定注意：

（1）由表及里地準確把握字里行間的意思，切勿用自己的主觀想法或觀點代替作者的思想觀點。

（2）特別注意那些描寫環(huán)境氣氛的語言，以及表達感情，態(tài)度觀點的詞語。要特別注意作者在文章中

的措辭，尤其是感情色彩的形容詞。

（3）能結(jié)合自己平時積累的有關(guān)英語國家的文化傳統(tǒng)、風俗習(xí)慣等背景知識來識別評價。

干擾項特點：

1.是自己的某種看法或觀點

2.是社會的一種普遍種傾向

3.是與本文無關(guān)或與作者相反的觀點或看法等

解題技巧：

1.問全文主體事物的（包括主題），可以根據(jù)闡述主題或有關(guān)主體事物的相關(guān)句中表達感情色彩的形容詞、

副詞或動詞確定作者的態(tài)度：

2.如果問的是對某一具體事物的態(tài)度，則可以定位到具體相關(guān)句，然后確定答案。

【真題再現(xiàn)】（2020?海南高考真題）Theendoftheschoolyearwasinsightandspiritswerehigh.Iwasback

teachingafteranabsenceof15years,dealingwiththevariouskindsof"forbiddenfruit"thatcoutofbookbags.

Nowwasthespringofthewaterpistol.

Idecidedtothinkupamethodofdealingwithforbiddenfruit.

"Pleasebringthatpistoltome,'Isaid."I'mgoingtoputitinmyGrandma'sBox.',

"What'sthat?"theyasked.

"Ifsalargewoodenchestfulloftoysfbrmygrandchildren/'Ireplied,

"Youdon'thavegrandchildren,"someonesaid.

"1don'tnow."Ireplied."Butsomeday1will.WhenIdo,myboxwillbefullofwonderfulthingsforthem."

MyimaginaryGrandma'sBoxworkedlikemagicthatspring,andlater.Sometimes,studentswouldaskmeto

describeallthethingsIhadinit.TlienIwouldtrytorememberthedifferentpossessionsIsupposedlyhadtaken

away—sinceIseldomactuallykeptthem.Usuallytheoffenderwouldappearattheendoftheday,andIwould

returnthebelonging.

Theyearswentby,andmyfirstgrandchildGordonwasborn.Isharedmyjoywiththatyear'sclass.Then

someonesaid,"NowyoucanuseyourGrandma'sBox."Fromthenoninsteadofingtoasktheirpossessionsback,

（hestudentswouldsay,"That'sokayPutitinyourGrandma'sBoxforGordon."

Ilovedtalkingabouttheimaginarybox,notonlywithmystudentsbutalsowithmyownchildren.They

enjoyedhearingaboutalltheforbiddenfruitIhadcollected.ThenoneChristmasIreceivedasurprisegift—alarge,

beautifullymadewoodenchest.MysonBrucehadmademyGrandma'sBoxareality.

5.Whatwastheauthor'spurposeinhavingtheconversationwiththestudents?

A.lbB.Tolectthewaterpistol.B.Totalkabouthergrandchildren.

C.ToD.Toommendsometoys.D.Toexplainherteachingmethod.

6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"theoffender"inparagraph8referto?

A.TheB.Theent'sparent.B.ThemakeroftheGrandma'sBox.

C.TheD.Theofsgrandchild.D.Theowneroftheforbiddenfruit.

7.WhatdidthestudentsdoaftertheylearnedaboutthebirthofGordon?

A.ThcyB.Thcytoplaywiththebaby.B.ThcyaskedtosectheGrandma'sBox.

C.TheyD.TheyapresentfbrGordon.D.Theystoppedaskingtheirtoysback.

8.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?

A.SheB.Sheystellingjokes.B.Sheisastrictandsmartteacher.

C.ShcD.Shesdoingwoodwork.D.Sheisaresponsiblegrandmother

【答案】5.A6.D7.D8.B

【分析】

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講敘了作者為收集學(xué)生們帶到學(xué)校的玩具，想出了一個“奶奶的盒子”的辦法。

到后來，作者的第一個孫子出生，學(xué)生們也不再來要求歸還他們的財物了，作者也在某一年圣誕節(jié)收到了

兒子制作的大木箱，將“奶奶的盒子”變成了現(xiàn)實。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Iwasbackteachingafteranabsenceof15years,dealingwiththevariouskindsof

"forbiddenfruit"thateoutofbookbags.Nowwasthespringofthewaterpistol.（在缺席了15年之后,我又回到

了教書的地方，處理從書包里掏出的各種各樣的“禁果”?，F(xiàn)在流行的是水槍）”以及第三段中“'Pleasebringthal

pistoltome/1said.'I'mgoingtoputitinmyGrandma'sBox」（“請把那支水槍給我,“我說?！拔乙阉旁谖?，奶

奶的盒子‘里。由此可知，作者與學(xué)生進行對話的FI的是收集水槍。故選A。

6.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Iwouldreturnthebelonging”結(jié)合上文提到作者把學(xué)生帶到學(xué)校的玩具稱為

“禁果”，且作者的“盒子”里裝的就是“禁果”，所以作者等到這些禁果的擁有者在一天結(jié)束的時侯出現(xiàn)，然后

就會歸還他們的物品。由此可知，劃線詞意思為“禁果的擁有者”。故選D。

7.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中"Fromthenoninsteadofingtoasktheirpossessionsback,thesiudcntswould

say.'That'sokay.PutitinyourGrandma'sBoxfbrGordon.'（從那時起，學(xué)生們不再來要求歸還他們的財物，而

是說：“沒關(guān)系。把它放在你“奶奶給戈登的盒子"里）''由此可知，學(xué)生們在得知了戈登的出生后，他們不再

索要玩具。故選D。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中作者要收集學(xué)生們從書包里掏出的各種各樣的“禁果”，說明作者對待學(xué)生很嚴格；

同時作者又想出r'奶奶的盒子”這個的方法來收集學(xué)生們的玩具，說明作者很聰明，由此可推知，作者是一

個嚴格而聰明的老師。故選B。

4.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)推斷題

根據(jù)不同文章的內(nèi)容和寫作目的，作者會采取記敘、描寫、議論、說明或應(yīng)用文體。作者也會采用敘

述、例證、比較對照等不同的組織結(jié)構(gòu)。不同文體的閱讀難度、要求和任務(wù)不同，閱讀方法也應(yīng)不同。增

強對篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的理解能力有助于提高閱讀質(zhì)量。

［真題再現(xiàn)】Haveyoueverwonderedwhybirdssing?Maybeyouthoughtthattheywerejusthappy.Afterall,

youprobablysingorwhistlewhenyouarehappy.

Somescientistsbelievethatbirdsdosingsomeofthetimejustbecausetheyarehappy.However,theysing

mostofthetimeforaverydifferentreason.Theirsingingisactuallyawarningtootherbirdstostayoutoftheir

territory.

1.Howdoesthewriterexplainbirds'singing?

A.Byparingbirdswithhumanbeings.

B.Byreportingexperimentresults.

C.Bydescribingbirds5dailylife.

D.Bytellingabird'sstory.

【答案】A

【解析】由文章第一、二兩段可知作者是把鳥兒和人類進行對比。

5.文章結(jié)論推斷題

由具體到一般，對已知的事實進行歸納總結(jié)性推斷稱為結(jié)論。

［真題再現(xiàn)］（2020?江蘇高考真題）Forthosewhocanslomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemore

beneficialforheallhthaneatingfirst,according（oastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.

Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,farlesshasbeen

knownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth.

Tofindout,Britishscientistsconductedastudy.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwise

healthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesarc,forbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.Theytestedthe

men'sfitnessandrestingmetabolic（新陳代謝的）ralesandtooksamples（樣品）oftheirbloodandfaltissue.

Then,ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists,lab,eachmanwalkedfbranhouratanaveragespeed

that,intheory,shouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.Beforeoneoftheseworkouts,themenskipped

breakfast,meaningthattheyexercisedonaplctclyemptystomachafteralongovernightfast（禁食）,Ontheother

occasion,theyatearichmorningmealabout（wohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.

Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout,thescientiststookadditionalsamplesofthemen'sbloodandfat

（issue.

Thentheyparedthesamples.Therewereconsiderabledifferences.Mostobviously,themendisplayedlower

bloodsugarlevelsatthestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhadskippedbreakfastthanwhentheyhadeaten.Asa

result,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand,

（heyburnedslightlymorecalories（卡路里），onaverage,during（heworkoutafterbreakfast（hanafterfasting.

Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.

Multiplegenesbehaveddifferently,dependingonwhethersomeonehadeatenornotbeforewalking.Manyofthese

genesproduceproteins（蛋白質(zhì)）thatcanimprovebloodsugarregulationandinsulin（胰島素）levelsthroughout

thebodyandsoareassociatedwithimprovedmetabolichealth.Thesegenesweremuchmoreactivewhenthemen

hadfastedbeforeexercisethanwhentheyhadbreakfasted.

Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskip

eatingfirst.

13.Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans"

A.digcstB.managcleasilyB.managewithoutbreakfast

C.decidcD.eatlywhattoeatD.eatwhateverisoffered

14.Whywerethe10peoplechosenfortheexperiment?

A.Theirlifestylesweretypicalofordinarypeople.

B.Theirlackofexerciseledtooverweight.

C.Theycouldwalkalanaveragespeed.

D.Theyhadslowmetabolicrates.

15.Whathappenedtothosewhoatebreakfastbeforeexercise?

A.TheyB.Theyssfullylostweight.B.Theyconsumedabitmorecalories.

C.ThcyD.Theydmorefatonaverage.D.Theydisplayedhigherinsulinlevels.

16.Whatcouldbelearnedfromtheresearch?

A.Aworkoutafterbreakfastimprovesgeneperformances.

B.Toomuchworkoutoftenslowsmetabolicrates.

C.Lifestyleisnotasimportantasmorningexercise.

D.Physicalexercisebeforebreakfastisbetterforhealth.

【答案】13.B14.A15.B16.D

【分析】

本文是說明文。文章介紹了一項研究，結(jié)果表明對于那些能忍受的人來說，不吃早餐鍛煉可能對健康

更有益。

13.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealth(haneatingfirst可知,

早餐前鍛煉可能比先吃飯再鍛煉對健康更有益，因此推斷這里說的是那些不吃早飯先鍛煉的人，因此推斷

劃線詞與B項“不吃早飯能應(yīng)付”意思相近。故選Bo

14.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen.

whoselifestylesarefarbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.可知，他們首先找到了10個超重

的，不活躍但健康的年輕人，他們的生活方式可以說更好，也可以說更糟，代表了我們大多數(shù)人。因此可

知，實驗時選擇的10個人的生活方式代表了普通人。故選A。

15.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhen

theyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand.theyburnedslightlymoreca!ories（「路里），onaverage,duringtheworkout

afterbreakfastthanafterfasting.可如，結(jié)果，他們空腹散步時燃燒的脂肪比他們首先吃東西時所燃燒的脂肪

要多。另一方面。平均而言，他們在早餐后鍛煉時燃燒的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，鍛煉前吃早飯

消耗更多一點的熱量。故選B。

16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Theimplicationof（heseresultsisthat（ogain（hegreatesthealthbenefitsfrom

exercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.可知，這些結(jié)果的暗示，為了從運動中獲得最大的健康益處，先不

吃東西可能更明智。因此推斷早飯前的體育鍛煉對健康更有益。故選D。

【題型演練】

I

ClaireWyatt,a24yearoldBritishvolunteer,ledeightCambodianslivingwithdisabilitiesonaI55milebike

ridefromPhnomPenh,thenation'scapital,toSiemReaptoraisemoneyanddeliversuppliestothoseinneedin

thecoronaviruspandemic（新冠病毒大流行）.

“Leadingthistripwasanincrediblyspecialexperiencefbrme,“saidClaire."NotonlywasIencouragedby

thedeterminationofeachandeveryrider,butalsotheteamtaughtmeeverydaynottofbcusontheirdisability.''

Whenshewasfirstaskedtoleadthetrip,Claireadmitted,shewasfeelingnen-ousaboutherteamtraveling

suchadistanceinjustafewdaysbecausecyclingwithadisabilitycanewithaddedphysicalandemotional

challenges.

OneteammembernamedDy,wholostanarminanaccident,bikedusingjustonearmtobalance.Another

namedVultacouldonlypedalononesideduetopolio（小兒麻痹）.Despiteallthedifficulties,Clairerealized

quicklythatshedidn'thavetoworryaboutherteam.Shesawthemdealwithroughareathatsheliadseenablcd

cyclistsgiveuponbefore.

Thevolunteerscoveredthedistanceinjustfourdays,notonlyhelpingsomanypeopleacrosstliecountry,but

alsooveringhugedifficultiestogetthere.

“Thebestthingaboutthisrideisthattheridershaveallvolunteeredtheirtimetodothis.Theyareso

enthusiasticaboutCambodiaandraisingmoneyfbrothersinneed,“saidClaire.fcThcmoneyraisedwillfeed99

fairiliesinSiemReap.''

Clairerecalledherfavoritemomentoftheexperience,whenoneofthecyclistspushedanexhaustedteammate

upahillfbr2miles."OnemomentthatstoodoutfbrmewaswhenNaret,ouronlyfemalerider,wasfeelingtired,“

shesaid.''Herfellowridergentlyputhishandonherbackandpushedhertor2miles!Theywereencouragingeach

othertopushthroughthetiredness.”

1.WhydidClaireandeightCambodianscycle155miles?

A.Tochallengethemselves.B.Tohelpoutneedypeople.

C.Tbtakepartinapetition.D.Toraisemoneyforthedisabled.

2.WhatworriedClairebeforetheride?

A.Shemightbeinjuredontheroad.

B.Shewouldbeunableloleadthe(earn.

C.Herteammightbelookeddownon.

D.HerteamcouldiVtfinishtheroute.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheteam?

A.Confident,calmandfriendly.

B.Honest,patientandopenminded.

C.Strongminded,braveandcaring.

D.Curious,creativeandexperienced.

4.WhatdidClairethinkofthejourney?

A.Itcouldhavetakenlesstime.

B.Itwasamazingandinspiring.

C.Itchangedherideaabouthumannature.

D.Itwasmoredifficultthanshehadexpected.

【答案】LB2.D3.C4.B

【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了24歲的英國志愿者ClaireWyall帶領(lǐng)8名柬埔寨殘疾人，從柬埔寨

首都金邊騎行155英里，到SiemReap籌集資金，并為那些在冠狀病毒大流行中需要幫助的人提供物資的故

事。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"ClaireWyatt,a24yearoldBritishvolunteer,ledeightCambodianslivingwith

disabilitiesona155inilcbikeridefromPhnomPenh,thenation'scapital,toSiemReaptoraisemoneyanddeliver

suppliestothoseinneedinthecoronaviruspandemic（新冠病毒大流行）（24歲的英國志愿者C.aireWyait帶

領(lǐng)8名柬埔寨殘疾人，從柬埔寨首都金邊騎行155英里，到SiemReap籌集資金，并為那些在冠狀病毒大流

行中需要幫助的人提供物資。）可知，Claire和8個柬埔寨人騎行155英里是為了幫助那些需要幫助的人。

故選B項。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenshewasfirstaskedtoleadthetrip,Claireadmitted,shewasfeelingnervous

about...withadisabilitycanewithaddedphysicalandemotionalchallenges.（Claire承認，當她第一次被要求

帶領(lǐng)這次旅行時，她對她的團隊在短短幾天內(nèi)走這么遠的路程感到緊張，因為殘疾人騎自行車可能會帶來

額外的身體和情感上的挑戰(zhàn)。）可知，她擔心她的團隊不能完成這么遠的路程。故選D項。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“OneteammembernamedDy,wholostanarminanaccident,bikedusing

just.......so...inhehadseenabledcyclistsgiveuponbefore?*（一個名叫Dy的隊員在一次事故中失去了一只手

臂，他騎自行車只用一只手臂來保持平衡。另一個名叫Vulta的人由于脊髓灰質(zhì)炎只能一邊蹬踏。盡管困

難重:重，克萊爾很快意識到她不必擔心她的團隊。她看到他們處理崎嶇的地區(qū)，她以前見過健全的騎自行

車的人會放棄。）和第五段“Thevolunteerscoveredthedistanceinjustfourdays,notonlyhelpingsomanypeople

acrossthecountry,butalsooveringhugedifficultiestogetthere.”（志愿者們僅用了四天的時間就跑完了全程，

不僅幫助了全國各地這么多的人，而且克服了巨大的困難。）以及第六段中Claire所說的話“Thebestthing

aboutthisrideisthattheridershaveallvolunteeredtheirtimetodothis.Theyareso...inSiemReap."（這次騎行最

好的?點是，騎手們都自愿花時間來做這件事。他們對柬埔寨充滿熱情，為其他需要幫助的人籌集資金。

籌集到的資金將供應(yīng)SiemReap省的99個家庭。）可知，這是一個有堅強的意志，勇敢而有愛心的團隊。故

選C項。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Claire所說的話“Leadingthistripwasanincrediblyspecialexperienceforme.

No（onlywasIencouragedbythedeterminationofeachandeveryrider,bu（also（heteamtaughtmeeverydaynot

tofocusontheirdisability”（領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這次旅行對我來說是一次難以置信的特殊經(jīng)歷。每位車手的決心不僅鼓舞了

我，車隊也每天教導(dǎo)我不要把注意力集中在他們的殘疾上。）以及后文所描述的團隊經(jīng)歷，可知Claire認為

這次旅行是令人驚異并鼓舞人心的。故選B項。

2

Moneymightnotgrowontrees,butscientistshaveconfirmedthatgoldisfoundintheleavesofsomeplants.

ResearchersfromAustraliasaythatthepresenceof（heparticles（顆粒）inaeucalyptus（枝樹）tree'sleavesshows

thatdeposits（礦藏）areburiedmanymetersbelow.Theybelievethatthediscoveryoffersanewwaytofindthe

valuablemetalindifficulttoreachareas.

DrMelLintcrnsaid:"WehavefoundalotoftheeasyparticlesinAustraliainthisway.Nowwearetryingto

findthemoredifficultonesthatareburiedtensofmetersbelow.Andthetreesareprovidinguswithamethodtobe

abletodothis.^^

Usingavastmachine（hatusesXraystoexplorematterindetail-theyfoundgoldintheleavesandsmall（hin

branches.

“Wcneed500eucalyptustreesgrowingoveragolddeposittohaveenoughgoldinthetressthemselvesto

makeagoldring,“saidDrLintcrn.Howeverthepresenceoftheparticlespointedtoricherdepositsburiedmore

than30mbelow.Headded,“Webelievethatthetreesareactinglikeapump（水泵）.Theyarebringinglifegiving

waterfromtheirroots,andindoingso,theyaretakingsmallergoldparticlesupintotheleaves?'

Thescientistssaidthatresearchonplantscouldofferabetterandsimplermethodtodiscovergolddeposits.Dr

Lintemsaid:"Notonlydowebelieveitisawayofsavingtheexplorationcost,becauseexploringforthese

depositscanbequiteexpensive,italsoreducesthedamagetotheer.vironmentbecausewearetakingaverysmall

amountfromthetreesthemselves,aswellastheleavesandbranchesontheground.Theplantanalyzing（解析）

methodiscertaintowork!”

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ANewWaytoProtectMetalDeposits.

B.NewlydiscoveredGoldDeposits.

C.GoldinTreesleadingtoHiddenDeposits.

D.GoldFoundinEucalyptusTreesinAustralia.

6.Fromparagraph3,wecanknowthat.

A.（heamountofthevaluablemetalinaeucalyptustree'sleaveswasverysmall

B.apumptakessmallergoldparticlesupintotheleaves

C.atreegrowingoveragolddeposithaveenoughgoldtomakeagoldring

D.therootscantakewateranddepositsupintotheleaves

7.Whichofthefollowingcannotdescribetheplantinganalyzingmethod?

A.uselessB.cheapC.environmentallyfriendlyD.simple

8.WecaninferthatDr.Lintern.

A.isdoubtfulabouttheplantanalyzingmethod

B.isconfidentoftheplantanalyzingmethod

C.isverysatisfiedwithwhathehasachievedinmining

D.istiredofdiscoveringgolddepositsinthewild

【答案】5.C6.A7.A8.B

【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了科學(xué)家證明在一些植物的葉子中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究證明校樹葉子中顆

粒的存在表明沉積物埋在地下許多米。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為在難以到達的地區(qū)找到這種有價值的金屬提供了一種新

方法。

5.主旨大意題。文章說明了科學(xué)家證明在一些植物的葉子中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究證明桂樹葉子