2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解閱讀速度提升策略與試題匯編考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartADirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Intherealmofworkplacedynamics,theconceptof"quietintelligence"hasgainedtractionasacounterpointtothetraditionallyvalorizedextroversion.Thistrait,characterizedbyintrospection,keenobservation,andthoughtfulanalysis,oftenmanifestsinindividualswhoarelesspronetodominatingconversationsbutmoreadeptatlisteningandabsorbinginformation.Whileextrovertsmayexcelinbrainstormingsessionsornetworkingevents,quietindividualsoftenpossessauniqueabilitytodelvedeepintoproblems,connectdisparateideas,andgenerateinnovativesolutionsthatmighteludemorevocalcounterparts.Thispreferenceforsolitudeorsmallergroupinteractionsisnotasignofsocialwithdrawalbutratherachoicedrivenbyaneedforfocusedthinking.Manyquietprofessionalsfindthatdistractionsinherentinloud,bustlingenvironmentshindertheircognitiveprocesses.Aquietcorner,asolitarycommute,oreventhestillnessofnatureprovidesthementalspacenecessaryforthemtoprocesscomplexinformationandsynthesizetheirthoughtseffectively.Thiscapacityfordeepconcentrationallowsthemtobecomesubjectmatterexpertsintheirfields,oftenworkingdiligentlybehindthescenesratherthanseekingthespotlight.However,theprevalenceofquietintelligenceintheworkplaceissometimesoverlookedorundervalued.Themoderncorporatecultureoftenfavorsthosewhoarearticulateandself-promoting,sometimesleadingtotheassumptionthatquieteremployeesarelessengagedorlesscapable.Thismisconceptioncanresultinmissedopportunitiesforcollaborationandinnovation.Organizationsthataimtofosteratrulycreativeandproductiveenvironmentmustrecognizethevalueofdiverseworkingstylesandcreatespacesandopportunitiesthatcatertobothextrovertedandintrovertedwaysofthinking.Bydoingso,theycanharnessthefullspectrumofhumanpotentialandbenefitfromtheuniqueperspectivesthatquietintelligencebrings.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarycharacteristicof"quietintelligence"asdescribedinthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whydosomeindividualswithquietintelligenceprefersolitudeorsmallergroupinteractions?3.Whatmisconceptionaboutquieteremployeesismentionedinthepassage,andwhatpotentialconsequencedoesthishave?4.Thepassagesuggeststhatorganizationscanbenefitfromrecognizingthevalueofwhat?Passage2Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedaglobaldiscourseonitsethicalimplications,withconcernsrangingfromjobdisplacementtopotentialmisuse.WhileproponentsarguethatAIwillultimatelycreatemorejobsthanitdestroys,andenhancehumancapabilities,criticswarnofafuturewheremachinesincreasinglyunderminehumanautonomyanddecision-making.NavigatingthiscomplexlandscaperequiresanuancedunderstandingofboththebenefitsandrisksassociatedwithAI.OneofthemostsignificantethicalchallengesposedbyAIisthepotentialforbiasanddiscrimination.AIsystemsaretrainedondata,andifthisdatareflectsexistingsocietalbiases,theAIwillperpetuateandevenamplifythem.Forinstance,facialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeenshowntohavehighererrorratesforcertaindemographicgroups,raisingconcernsaboutitsfairnessandpotentialformisuseinsurveillanceorlawenforcement.Addressingthisissuerequiresnotonlytechnicalsolutionsbutalsoadeeperexaminationofthedatasourcesandsocietalstructuresthatcontributetothesebiases.AnothercriticalethicalconsiderationistheimpactofAIonprivacy.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theyarecapableofcollectingandanalyzingvastamountsofpersonaldata,oftenwithlittletransparencyorconsentfromindividuals.Thisraisesconcernsaboutthepotentialformisuseofthisdata,aswellastheerosionofpersonalprivacy.Tomitigatetheserisks,itisessentialtoestablishclearguidelinesandregulationsgoverningthecollection,storage,anduseofpersonaldatabyAIsystems.Ultimately,theethicalfutureofAIwilldependonthechoicesmadebydevelopers,policymakers,andsocietyatlarge.Whilethetechnologyitselfisneutral,itsapplicationcanhaveprofoundethicalimplications.Byfosteringacultureofethicalawarenessandresponsibleinnovation,wecanworktowardsharnessingthebenefitsofAIwhileminimizingitspotentialharms.Questions:5.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemostsignificantethicalchallengesposedbyAI?7.ThepassagementionsfacialrecognitiontechnologyasanexampleofAIbias.Whatconcernisraisedaboutthistechnology?8.Whatroledodevelopers,policymakers,andsocietyplayindeterminingtheethicalfutureofAI?Passage3Inrecentyears,theconceptof"mindfulness"hasmovedfromthefringesofspiritualpracticetotheforefrontofmainstreampsychologyandhealthinitiatives.Thisancientpractice,rootedinBuddhisttraditions,involvespayingattentiontothepresentmomentwithanattitudeofopennessandnon-judgment.Whileoftenassociatedwithmeditation,mindfulnesscanbeincorporatedintovariousaspectsofdailylife,frommindfuleatingtomindfulwalking.Thegrowingbodyofscientificresearchsuggeststhatmindfulnesspracticecanhavenumerousbenefitsformentalandphysicalhealth.Oneofthemostwell-documentedbenefitsofmindfulnessisitspositiveimpactonmentalhealth.Studieshaveshownthatregularmindfulnesspracticecanreducesymptomsofanxietyanddepression,improvefocusandconcentration,andenhanceoverallemotionalwell-being.Thisisthoughttobeduetomindfulness'sabilitytohelpindividualsbecomemoreawareoftheirthoughtsandemotions,andtodevelopagreatersenseofcontrolovertheirmentalstate.Bylearningtoobservetheirthoughtswithoutbecomingoverwhelmedbythem,individualscanbreakthecycleofnegativethinkingthatoftenunderliesanxietyanddepression.Mindfulnessalsohaspotentialbenefitsforphysicalhealth.Researchhaslinkedmindfulnesspracticetoreducedstresslevels,lowerbloodpressure,andimprovedimmunefunction.Theabilitytoreducestress,inparticular,canhaveaprofoundimpactonoverallhealth,aschronicstresshasbeenlinkedtoawiderangeofhealthproblems,includingheartdisease,diabetes,andautoimmunedisorders.Bypromotingrelaxationandreducingstress,mindfulnesscanhelptosupportphysicalhealthandwell-being.Whilethebenefitsofmindfulnessareincreasinglyrecognized,itisimportanttonotethatitisnotapanacea.Likeanyhealthpractice,itrequiresconsistenteffortandcommitmenttoyielditsfullbenefits.However,thegrowingevidenceofitspositiveeffectssuggeststhatmindfulnessisavaluabletoolthatcanbeincorporatedintoeveryone'slifetoenhancementalandphysicalhealth.Questions:9.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthebenefitsofmindfulnessformentalhealth?11.Thepassagementionsthatmindfulnesscanhelpreducestress.Howmightthisreductioninstressbenefitphysicalhealth?12.Whatistheauthors'viewontheeffectivenessofmindfulness?Passage4Thefashionindustry,longcriticizedforitsenvironmentalimpactandcontributiontofast-pacedconsumerism,isundergoingasignificanttransformation.Drivenbygrowingconsumerawarenessandincreasingpressurefromenvironmentaladvocacygroups,theindustryisincreasinglyadoptingsustainablepracticesandseekingtoreduceitscarbonfootprint.Thisshiftisnotmerelyaresponsetopublicpressurebutalsorepresentsagrowingrecognitionamongindustryleadersthatsustainabilityisessentialforlong-termsuccess.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesfacingthefashionindustryistheissueoftextilewaste.Theindustry'srelianceonfastfashion,characterizedbycheap,trendyclothingthatisoftendiscardedafterafewwears,hasresultedinamassiveamountoftextilewasteeachyear.Toaddressthisproblem,companiesareexploringvarioussolutions,suchasrecyclingoldclothingintonewmaterials,usingorganicandrecycledfabrics,andimplementingtake-backprogramsthatallowconsumerstoreturnusedclothingforrecyclingorrepurposing.Anotherkeyaspectofthefashionindustry'ssustainabilityeffortsisreducingitscarbonemissions.Thisinvolvesarangeofinitiatives,fromusingrenewableenergysourcesinmanufacturingprocessestooptimizingsupplychainstoreducetransportationemissions.Somecompaniesarealsoexperimentingwithinnovativematerials,suchasmushroomleatheroralgae-basedfabrics,whichhaveasignificantlylowerenvironmentalimpactthantraditionalmaterialslikecottonorpolyester.Despitetheseefforts,thefashionindustry'stransitiontosustainabilityisstillinitsearlystages.Significantchallengesremain,includingthehighcostofsustainablematerialsandprocesses,andtheneedforbroaderindustry-widecollaborationtoachievemeaningfulchange.However,thegrowingmomentumbehindsustainablefashionsuggeststhatthisisatransitionthatisheretostay,andthattheindustryismovingtowardsamoreresponsibleandenvironmentallyconsciousfuture.Questions:13.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfacingthefashionindustry?15.Thepassagementionstheuseoforganicandrecycledfabricsasasolutiontotextilewaste.Whatothersolutionismentionedtoaddressthisproblem?16.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofthefashionindustry?PartBDirections:Inthispart,youarerequiredtocompletethefollowingpassagewiththeappropriatewords.YoushouldwriteyouranswersneatlyonAnswerSheet2.Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhas17)_______profoundchangesinvariousaspectsofourlives.Amongthesechanges,theimpactoncommunicationisperhapsoneofthemostsignificant.Theadventoftheinternetandmobiledeviceshas18)_______thewayweinteractwitheachother,makingitpossibletoconnectwithpeoplefromallovertheworldinstantlyandeffortlessly.Thishas19)_______theconceptofdistance,allowingustomaintainrelationshipswithfamilyandfriendsregardlessofgeographicalbarriers.However,this20)_______ofinstantcommunicationhasalsogivenrisetonewchallenges.Theconstantconnectivityandthepressuretobealwaysavailablecanleadtofeelingsofanxietyandoverwhelm.The21)_______natureofonlinecommunication,oftenlackingthenon-verbalcuespresentinface-to-faceinteractions,canalsoleadtomisunderstandingsandmisinterpretations.Additionally,theriseofsocialmediahas22)_______issuesrelatedtoprivacyandmentalhealth,withconcernsabouttheimpactofcuratedonlinepersonasonself-esteemandthepotentialforcyberbullying.Despitethesechallenges,thebenefitsoftechnology-drivencommunicationcannotbe23)_______.Ithas24)_______accesstoinformationandhas25)_______opportunitiesforcollaborationandlearningonaglobalscale.Theabilityto26)_______withdiverseperspectivesandcultureshasthepotentialtofostergreaterunderstandingandempathyamongpeople.Aswecontinuetonavigatethedigitalage,itiscrucialtofindabalancebetweenthebenefitsanddrawbacksoftechnology-drivencommunication,ensuringthatitenhancesourlivesratherthandetractingfromthem.17)_______18)_______19)_______20)_______21)_______22)_______23)_______24)_______25)_______26)_______試卷答案PartA1.C*解析思路：題目問“安靜智慧”的主要特征是什么。根據文章第一段第二句“...characterizedbyintrospection,keenobservation,andthoughtfulanalysis...”，安靜智慧的特點是內省、敏銳的觀察力和深思熟慮的分析。選項C（內省、敏銳的觀察力和深思熟慮的分析）最符合原文描述。2.A*解析思路：題目問根據文章，為什么一些具有安靜智慧的人更喜歡獨處或小組互動。根據文章第二段第一句“...theconceptof'quietintelligence'hasgainedtractionasacounterpointtothetraditionallyvalorizedextroversion...Thispreferenceforsolitudeorsmallergroupinteractionsisnotasignofsocialwithdrawalbutratherachoicedrivenbyaneedforfocusedthinking.”，他們更喜歡獨處或小組互動是因為需要集中思考。選項A（需要集中思考）最符合原文描述。3.B*解析思路：題目問文章中提到的關于更安靜員工的誤解是什么，以及這種誤解可能產生的后果。根據文章第三段第二句“Themoderncorporatecultureoftenfavorsthosewhoarearticulateandself-promoting,sometimesleadingtotheassumptionthatquieteremployeesarelessengagedorlesscapable.”，誤解是更安靜的員工不夠投入或能力不足。根據第三句“...canresultinmissedopportunitiesforcollaborationandinnovation.”，可能的后果是錯失合作和創(chuàng)新的機會。選項B（認為更安靜的員工不夠投入或能力不足，可能導致錯失合作和創(chuàng)新的機會）概括了誤解和后果。4.D*解析思路：題目問文章建議組織可以從中認識到安靜智慧的價值是什么。根據文章第三段最后一句“Bydoingso,theycanharnessthefullspectrumofhumanpotentialandbenefitfromtheuniqueperspectivesthatquietintelligencebrings.”，組織可以通過這樣做（認識到價值并創(chuàng)造機會）來利用人類全部的潛力，并受益于安靜智慧帶來的獨特視角。選項D（安靜智慧帶來的獨特視角）是安靜智慧能帶來的獨特價值。5.A*解析思路：題目問文章的主要話題是什么。文章從人工智能的進步引出對其倫理影響的討論，并列舉了偏見和歧視、隱私等具體挑戰(zhàn)。最后強調選擇對人工智能的倫理未來至關重要。因此，文章主要討論的是人工智能的倫理影響。選項A（人工智能的倫理影響）最符合文章主旨。6.C*解析思路：題目問根據文章，人工智能帶來的一個最重大的倫理挑戰(zhàn)是什么。根據文章第四段第一句“OneofthemostsignificantethicalchallengesposedbyAIisthepotentialforbiasanddiscrimination.”，人工智能帶來的最重大的倫理挑戰(zhàn)之一是偏見和歧視的可能性。選項C（偏見和歧視的可能性）最符合原文描述。7.D*解析思路：題目問文章提到人臉識別技術作為人工智能偏見的例子，提出了什么擔憂。根據文章第四段第三句“facialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeenshowntohavehighererrorratesforcertaindemographicgroups,raisingconcernsaboutitsfairnessandpotentialformisuseinsurveillanceorlawenforcement.”，擔憂是這項技術的公平性，以及它在監(jiān)視或執(zhí)法中可能被濫用的潛力。選項D（對其公平性的擔憂，以及它在監(jiān)視或執(zhí)法中可能被濫用的潛力）概括了原文信息。8.E*解析思路：題目問開發(fā)者、政策制定者和社會在決定人工智能的倫理未來中扮演什么角色。根據文章最后一段第一句“Ultimately,theethicalfutureofAIwilldependonthechoicesmadebydevelopers,policymakers,andsocietylarge.”，人工智能的倫理未來將取決于開發(fā)者、政策制定者和社會做出的選擇。選項E（做出選擇）最符合原文描述。9.A*解析思路：題目問文章的主要意思是什么。文章從介紹正念的概念開始，接著討論了它在心理健康和身體健康方面的好處，最后指出雖然正念不是萬能藥，但它是一種有價值的工具。因此，文章的主要意思是介紹正念及其對身心健康的益處。選項A（介紹正念及其對身心健康的益處）最符合文章主旨。10.B*解析思路：題目問根據文章，正念對心理健康的一個好處是什么。根據文章第五段第二句“Studieshaveshownthatregularmindfulnesspracticecanreducesymptomsofanxietyanddepression,improvefocusandconcentration,andenhanceoverallemotionalwell-being.”，正念的好處之一是減少焦慮和抑郁的癥狀。選項B（減少焦慮和抑郁的癥狀）最符合原文描述。11.E*解析思路：題目問文章提到正念有助于減少壓力。這種壓力的減少如何有利于身體健康。根據文章第五段第三句“Mindfulnessalsohaspotentialbenefitsforphysicalhealth.Researchhaslinkedmindfulnesspracticetoreducedstresslevels,lowerbloodpressure,andimprovedimmunefunction.”，減少壓力可以降低血壓，并改善免疫功能。選項E（可以降低血壓，并改善免疫功能）最符合原文描述。12.F*解析思路：題目問作者的作者對正念有效性的看法。根據文章最后一段最后一句“However,thegrowingevidenceofitspositiveeffectssuggeststhatmindfulnessisavaluabletoolthatcanbeincorporatedintoeveryone'slifetoenhancementalandphysicalhealth.”，作者認為越來越多的證據表明正念是有積極作用的，是一種有價值的工具。選項F（認為正念是有積極作用的，是一種有價值的工具）表達了作者的積極看法。13.A*解析思路：題目問文章的主要話題是什么。文章從時尚行業(yè)的環(huán)境影響和消費主義開始，然后討論了該行業(yè)為可持續(xù)發(fā)展所做的努力，如使用可持續(xù)材料和處理紡織廢料。最后指出這是一個過渡階段，但趨勢是向更負責任的未來發(fā)展。因此，文章主要討論的是時尚行業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。選項A（時尚行業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展）最符合文章主旨。14.B*解析思路：題目問根據文章，時尚行業(yè)面臨的一個最重大的挑戰(zhàn)是什么。根據文章第三段第一句“Thefashionindustry,longcriticizedforitsenvironmentalimpactandcontributiontofast-pacedconsumerism,isundergoingasignificanttransformation.Drivenbygrowingconsumerawarenessandincreasingpressurefromenvironmentaladvocacygroups,theindustryisincreasinglyadoptingsustainablepracticesandseekingtoreduceitscarbonfootprint.”，時尚行業(yè)長期因環(huán)境影響和快節(jié)奏消費主義而受到批評，這是一個重大挑戰(zhàn)。選項B（其環(huán)境影響和快節(jié)奏消費主義）最符合原文描述。15.C*解析思路：題目問文章提到使用有機和回收面料作為解決紡織廢料問題的方案。文中提到的另一個解決方案在第四段第一句“Theindustry'srelianceonfastfashion,characterizedbycheap,trendyclothingthatisoftendiscardedafterafewwears,hasresultedinamassiveamountoftextilewasteeachyear.Toaddressthisproblem,companiesareexploringvarioussolutions,suchasrecyclingoldclothingintonewmaterials,usingorganicandrecycledfabrics,andimplementingtake-backprogramsthatallowconsumerstoreturnusedclothingforrecyclingorrepurposing.”，即回收舊衣物并將其轉化為新材料。選項C（回收舊衣物并將其轉化為新材料）最符合原文描述。16.D*解析思路：題目問文章對時尚行業(yè)的未來有什么建議。根據文章最后一段最后一句“Despitetheseefforts,thegrowingmomentum