2026屆新高考英語熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)目錄contents1.重溫2020-2025年高考真題考向1

動(dòng)詞的基本時(shí)態(tài)考向2動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)語態(tài)2.考點(diǎn)精析動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的形式謂語動(dòng)詞的五種基本形式動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的核心考點(diǎn)3.書面表達(dá)中動(dòng)詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)聚焦4.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)I.單句語法填空II.語法填空：基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練(動(dòng)詞專練)III.語法填空：高考真題(綜合訓(xùn)練)3.一般將來時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析(1)表示未來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常用will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形(shall用于第一人稱，will用于各人稱)，常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，如：tomorrow,nextweek,inthefuture等。Theteacherswillhaveameetingaboutimprovingonlineclassengagement.

Wewill/shallgotothebeachtomorrow,nomattertheweather!(2)表示趨向行為的動(dòng)詞如come,

go,

start,

begin,

leave等詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式表示將來時(shí)。TheCEOisleavingforNewYorktoattendtheconference.(3)一般將來時(shí)的其他表達(dá)方式begoingtodo,betodo,beabouttodo的用法及區(qū)別①begoingtodo在口語中常用來表示已經(jīng)決定或安排要做某事、必然或很可能發(fā)生某事，也可用來表示自然現(xiàn)象。Let’sgotothepark!Wearegoingtomeetthereat3PM.②betodo表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。TheUNClimateSummitistobeheldinNovember.Thevolunteersaretogotothedisasterzoneoncetheroadsarecleared.③beabouttodo表示“即將，正要”，后面不能接時(shí)間狀語或狀語從句。ThepresidentisabouttoarriveattheWhiteHouse.

注意：begoingtodo表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈?，這種打算往往經(jīng)過事先考慮，甚至已做了某種準(zhǔn)備；shall/willdo表示未事先考慮過，即說話時(shí)臨時(shí)做出的決定。begoingtodo表將來，不能用在條件狀語從句的主句中；而willdo則能，表意愿。

Ifitisfinetoday,we’llgofishingbythelake.

Ifitisfinetoday,wearegoingtogofishingbythelake.[√][×]4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析(1)表示說話時(shí)正在發(fā)生著的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是講話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；表示近期特定的安排或計(jì)劃；go,come等表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞可用進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來時(shí)；與always,

often等頻度副詞連用，表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行為或表達(dá)某種感情色彩。Look,thetrainisjustpullingoutoftherailwaystation.Theriver

isrising

fastaftertheheavyrainlastnight.HenryismeetingMr.Wangatthelecturehalltomorrow.

WeareleavingforShanghaionThursdaymorning.

Thegirlisalwayslosing

herkeyswhileshedoesn’t,today.(2)下面四類動(dòng)詞不宜用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。①表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,

want,

mind,

wish,(dis)agree,

mean,

need,doubt,prefer,realize,appreciate,recognize,remember,suppose,understand,astonish,deny,impress,please,satisfy等。②表示存在狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：be,appear,concern,consist,contain,depend,deserve,exist,

lie,

remain,

seem,

belongto等。③表示行為結(jié)果的動(dòng)詞：allow,accept,permit,

promise,

admit,complete等。④表示感官的動(dòng)詞：see(看見),hear(聽見),feel(感覺出),taste(嘗出),smell(聞到),notice(注意),

observe(觀察),

look(看起來)等。5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析1)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Whatwereyouridingwhenyouvisitedthecountryside?

2)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的固定句型Theywereplayfullyteasingeachotherwhentheteachercamein.SarahwasreadingwhileJohnwassleepingintheclass.MothercamebackhomewhileKatewaswatchingTV.

請比較HesaidthathewatchedTVserieslastnight.(過去時(shí)間lastnight，用一般過去時(shí))HesaidthathewaswatchingTVseriesatninelastnight.(過去時(shí)間lastnight+點(diǎn)時(shí)間atnine，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí))6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除可以和for,

since引導(dǎo)的狀語連用外，還可以和下面的介詞短語連用：during/in/overthelast(past)few

years

(months,

weeks...),

inrecentyears,sofar,uptonow等。(2)下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

Itis(hasbeen)+一段時(shí)間+since從句

This

(That/It)isthefirst(second...)

timethat+主語+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(3)在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以代替將來完成時(shí)。I’llgiveyouthemoneyassoonasIhavereceivedmysalary.

AssoonasIhavefinishedmyhomework,Iwillcallyou.

Onceyouhavemadethepayment,yourorderwillbeprocessed.

Thebusdriversaid,“Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.”7.過去完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析(1)常用過去完成時(shí)的幾種情況。①在by,

bytheendof,

bythetime,until,

before,since后接表示過去某一時(shí)間的短語或從句的句子中。Bythetimehearrived,Ihadalreadyrememberedtheanswer.Hecouldn’treturnthebookbecausethelibrarianhadjustleft.②表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等，常用had

hoped

/

planned

/

meant

/

intended

/

thought

/

wanted

/

expected等或用上述動(dòng)詞的過去式接不定式的完成式，即：hoped

/

planned

...

+

tohavedone。Ihadjustplannedmyschedulewhenmybossgavemeanewproject.③“時(shí)間名詞+before”在句中作狀語，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)；“時(shí)間名詞+ago”在句中作狀語，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。Theycouldn’tjointhetourbecausetheyhadalreadybeentothatmuseum.

They

graduatedfromschooltenyearsago,andthenworkedinabigcity.④在hardly/scarcely...when...,

nosooner...than...句式中，主句常用過去完成時(shí)，表示“一……就……”。當(dāng)hardly,scarcely,

nosooner置于句首時(shí)，其后要用部分倒裝。Thedetectivehadhardlyarrivedatthecrimescenewhenhenoticedacrucialclue.

=Hardlyhad

thedetectivearrived

atthecrimescenewhenhenoticedacrucialclue.(2)在before或after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中可用一般過去時(shí)代替過去完成時(shí)。

Afterwe(had)

finished

allourtasks,wefeltveryrelaxed.Thecarcrashedintothetreebeforethedriversawthewarningsign.8.過去將來時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析過去將來時(shí)表示從過去的觀點(diǎn)來預(yù)計(jì)以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，這種時(shí)態(tài)常用于賓語從句中，主句常是一般過去時(shí)。Mygrandfatherwouldstudybycandlelightbecausetherewasnoelectricityatthattime.9.注意幾組時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別(1)一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

①時(shí)間上有差異：凡含有過去時(shí)間的，如ago,lastyear,just

now,

theotherday等均用一般過去時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

②結(jié)果上有差異：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是對“現(xiàn)在”的影響和結(jié)果，動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在剛完成或還在繼續(xù)；一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過去”，和現(xiàn)在毫無關(guān)系。(2)過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“過去的過去”；如出現(xiàn)同一主語連續(xù)幾個(gè)動(dòng)作(“連謂”)的形式，則只用一般過去時(shí)即可，不需要用過去完成時(shí)。動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)的核心考點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成方式：be+過去分詞，口語中也用“get/

become+過去分詞”表示。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本用法：不知道或沒必要提到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)(by短語有時(shí)可以省略)。1.使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題(1)主動(dòng)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)雙賓語的變化。

Myhusband

bought

meadiamondnecklace

asabirthdaygift.

→

A

diamondnecklacewasboughttome(bymyhusband)asabirthdaygift.

→

Iwasboughta

diamondnecklace(bymyhusband)asabirthdaygift.(2)主動(dòng)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)，賓語成主語；(作補(bǔ)語的)不定式前需加to(位置不變)。Thecruelownermadethelaborerswork16-hourshiftsinhazardousconditions.

→

Thelaborers

weremadetowork

16-hourshiftsinhazardousconditions(bythecruelowner).(3)短語動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，勿要掉“尾巴”。Mygrandfatherhadtobeoperatedonimmediatelyduetoaheartattack.Thepoliceconfirmedthatthedeaththreatwouldbelookedintoseriously.(4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，begoingto,

beto,

besureto,

haveto等結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，只需將它們后面的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)椤癰e+過去分詞”。TheuniversitymayinviteNobelPrizewinnerstogivelecturesnextsemester.

→

NobelPrizewinners

maybeinvited

togivelecturesnextsemester(bytheuniversity).(5)當(dāng)句子的謂語為say,believe,

expect,think,know,

consider,

report等時(shí)，被動(dòng)語態(tài)有兩種形式：①謂語動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，后跟動(dòng)詞不定式。②用it作形式主語，真正的主語在后面用主語從句來表示。Scientistsbelievethatclimatechangeisacceleratingduetohumanactivities.

→

Climatechange

isbelievedtobe

acceleratingduetohumanactivities.

→

Itisbelievedthat

climatechangeisacceleratingduetohumanactivities.Modernmedicineknowsthatvirusescanmutate(快速變異)rapidly.

→

Viruses

are

all

knowntomutate(快速變異)rapidly.

→

Itisallknownthatvirusescanmutate(快速變異)rapidly.類似句型有：Itissaid

/

known

/

suggested

/

believed

/

hoped

/

thoughtthat...2.不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種情況(1)所有的不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞短語，如：fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto等。(2)表示狀態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞及系動(dòng)詞，如：last,

hold,

contain,

fit,

cost,appear,bebecome,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn等。(3)表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞，如：have,

own,

belongto等。(4)表示“希望、意圖、喜好”的動(dòng)詞，如：wish,

want,

hope,like,love,hate等。(5)賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(6)定語是同源賓語(如：die/death,dream/dream,live/life等)、不定式，動(dòng)名詞等，謂語動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3.主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的九種情況總結(jié)1.連系動(dòng)詞(如look,sound,smell,feel,taste,prove等)要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，因?yàn)檫B系動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，它們沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。如：

Thefood

smellsverydelicious.這食物聞起來很美味。

Yourideasoundedtobequiteright.你的想法聽起來很對。2.當(dāng)open,close,shut,lock,move,read,wash,clean,cook,cut,wear,carry等用作不及物動(dòng)詞且表示主語的某種屬性時(shí)，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：

Thewindows

won’tshut.這些窗戶關(guān)不上。

Thenewspaperswon’tsellquickly.這些報(bào)紙不會(huì)銷售得很快。3.有的動(dòng)詞本身含有被動(dòng)意味，通常用主動(dòng)形式來表示被動(dòng)含義。如:

Becareful—yourjacketmightcatchonatreeifyouleantooclose.

小心，靠太近的話外套會(huì)被樹鉤住。Hisvoicetrembled,hiseyesfilledwithtears,whenhespokeabouthislatefather.

當(dāng)他談起已故的父親時(shí)，聲音顫抖，眼中含淚。

Theirmarriageworkedoutbetterthananyoneexpected.

他們的婚姻比任何人預(yù)期的都要幸福。

Ablackpickuptruckturnedoff

intoMapleStreet.

一輛小型黑色貨車拐進(jìn)了楓樹街。4.不定式toblame,tolet用作表語時(shí)，通常要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。如：Lookingback,IrealizeIwastoblameforourfriendshipending.回想起來，我明白我們的友誼破裂是我的責(zé)任。

Thepropertyyouviewedlastweekisstilltolet.Wouldyouliketoapply?您上周看的房子仍在招租，要申請嗎？5.某些“be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：

Theantiquetablewastooheavytocarrydownstairs.那張古董桌子太重了，搬不到樓下。Lightrainfallisinfinitelymorepleasantto

listentothancitytrafficnoises.聽雨聲比聽城市交通噪音要愉快得多。Astarrynightskyisalwaysinterestingtolookat,especiallyinthecountryside.星空總是很有趣，尤其是在鄉(xiāng)村。注：這類結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)是句子主語就是其后不定式的邏輯賓語，按理說其中的不定式要用被動(dòng)形式，但習(xí)慣上卻要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。這類形容詞常見的有convenient,dangerous,difficult,easy,hard,impossible,interesting,nice,pleasant,safe,tough,tricky,unpleasant等。6.不定式用于某些動(dòng)詞(如：have,havegot,get,want,need等)的賓語后作定語時(shí)，如果不定式的邏輯主語就是句子的主語，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：Wouldyouhavetimetohelpmeproofreadmyessaylater?

你待會(huì)兒有時(shí)間幫我校對論文嗎？Don’tleaveyourclothestowashinthemachineovernight—they’llsmellmusty.

別把要洗的衣服留在洗衣機(jī)里過夜，會(huì)發(fā)霉味的。Shepickedupsomethingtodrinkattheconveniencestore.

她在便利店買了喝的。注：若不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語，則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式，比較:Doyouhavesomethingtotaketoyourson?你有東西要帶給你的兒子嗎？(指自己帶)

Doyouhavesomethingtobetakentoyourson?你有東西要帶給你的兒子嗎？(指請人帶)7.在too...todosth和…enoughtodosth這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，若句子主語與其后不定式todo為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則該不定式通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義(有時(shí)也可直接用被動(dòng)式)。如:Thissuitcaseistooheavytolift—canyouhelpmecarryit?

這個(gè)行李箱太重了，你能幫我搬嗎？Ourcarisfinallybigenoughtocarrythewholefamilyplusluggage.

我們的車終于夠大，能載全家人和行李了。8.beworth后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。如：Themuseum’snewexhibitioniswellworthvisitingifyoulovemodernart.

如果你喜歡現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)，博物館的新展覽很值得一看。Themovieisn’twellworthwatching—justrewatchtheoriginal.

這部電影不值得看，不如重溫第一部。注：與worth相似的worthy卻不一樣，其后不接動(dòng)名詞而接不定式(若接動(dòng)名詞則其前應(yīng)有介詞of)，要用被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義：Hisdedicationisworthytoberecognized/ofbeingrecognized

bytheentirecompany.他的奉獻(xiàn)精神值得全公司認(rèn)可。9.在need,want,require等少數(shù)表示“需要”的動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：

Thesubwaytrainneedsrepairingduetoanelectricalfault.

地鐵列車因電路故障需要修理。Theserescuedpuppiesrequirelookingafteruntiltheyfindpermanenthomes.

這些被救助的幼犬需要照顧，直到找到領(lǐng)養(yǎng)家庭。

Thatbrokenfencewantfixingbeforethedogescapes.

那個(gè)破籬笆得修了，不然狗會(huì)跑出去。注：該結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)名詞改用不定式，則要用被動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)。如：Thesubwaytrainneedstobe

repairedduetoanelectricalfault.

地鐵列車因電路故障需要修理。Theserescuedpuppiesrequiretobe

lookedafteruntiltheyfindpermanenthomes.

這些被救助的幼犬需要照顧，直到找到領(lǐng)養(yǎng)家庭。Thatbrokenfencewanttobe

fixedbeforethedogescapes.

那個(gè)破籬笆得修了，不然狗會(huì)跑出去。4.被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義的幾種情況：

beseated坐著；

behidden躲藏；

belost迷路；

bedrunk喝醉；

bedressed穿著

befinished完成

bestationed駐扎

besurprised感到驚訝

beexcited感到興奮 bemarried(to)結(jié)婚 begone離開/消失

bearmed(with)武裝/攜帶5.被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別此處的系表結(jié)構(gòu)指“連系動(dòng)詞+用作表語的過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，它與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式完全一樣。要注意它們的區(qū)別:被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語的特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)。Thehousewassoldbytheownerwithoutusingarealtor(中介).(被動(dòng)語態(tài))Theconceptofsustainablelivingiswellsoldtoyoungergenerations.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))3.書面表達(dá)中謂語動(dòng)詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)聚焦1.中式英語比比皆是

IverylikeseeTVandeverydayIalsowillseesomenewspapers.

IlikewatchingTVverymuchandeverydayI

readsomenewspapersaswell.(習(xí)慣性動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))

Idon’trealiseInextwilldowhat.

Idon’trealisewhatIwilldonext.(誤)(正)(誤)(正)2.句子沒有謂語動(dòng)詞或一個(gè)句子中出現(xiàn)多個(gè)謂語Thewindowsbrokenduringthestorm.Thewindowswerebrokenduringthestorm.

Today,thelargestnumberofpeoplespeakEnglishmaybeinChina.

Today,thelargestnumberofpeoplewhospeakEnglishmaybeinChina.

Today,thelargestnumberofpeoplespeakingEnglishmaybeinChina.TherearemanystudentsstudyEnglishveryhardintheirschools.

TherearemanystudentsstudyingEnglishveryhardintheirschools.

TherearemanystudentswhostudyEnglishveryhardintheirschools.(誤)(正)(誤)(正)(正)(誤)(正)(正)3.動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及系動(dòng)詞be的亂用Theyhavebeenworkingtosolvetheissue,butit’snotfixedyet.Theyareworkingtosolvetheissue,butit’snotfixedyet.Shewrote

anarticleaboutclimatechangeandreadsittotheclass.Sheliked

anarticleaboutclimatechangeandreadittotheclass.Iwasusedtothinkthatmoneywasthemostimportantthinginlife.Iusedtothinkthatmoneywasthemostimportantthinginlife.Beijing,China

willtakeplace

the2020WinterOlympics.The2020WinterOlympicswillbetakenplaceinBeijing,China.The2020WinterOlympicswilltakeplaceinBeijing,China.(誤)(正)(誤)(正)(誤)(正)(誤)(誤)(正)4.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)

題組一

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)集訓(xùn)單句語法填空(原創(chuàng))1.Asnightfell,theforest______(begin)towhisperwithunseencreatures.【解析】began

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：夜幕降臨，森林中開始傳來無形的生物的竊竊私語。根據(jù)從句asnightfell中的時(shí)態(tài)，此空應(yīng)該保持一致。2.Techstartups______(spring)upinthisareaduetogovernmentfundingsincethen.

【解析】havesprung

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自那時(shí)起，由于政府資助，這一領(lǐng)域的科技初創(chuàng)公司如雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn)。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語來看，這里應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)。另外，句子主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式。3.Ourteam

______(search)

forasolutiontothisbugsinceyesterday.【解析】hasbeensearching

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)從昨天開始一直在尋找這個(gè)bug的解決方案。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語來看，這里應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)。另外，句子主語是ourteam，指團(tuán)隊(duì)成員，為復(fù)數(shù)形式。4.Thespyfreezes—thesilentalarm______(ring)inthesecurityroom,andfootstepsareapproaching.【解析】isringing

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：間諜僵住了——安保室的無聲警報(bào)已觸發(fā)，腳步聲正在逼近。根據(jù)句意，這里表示“警報(bào)響起”，根據(jù)后半部分的areapproaching來看，這里用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)以保持前后時(shí)態(tài)一致。5.Thisluxuryhotel______

(serve)

acomplimentarychampagnebreakfastonitsrooftopterraceeveryday.【解析】serves

句意：這家豪華酒店每天在屋頂露臺提供免費(fèi)香檳早餐。根據(jù)句子中的時(shí)間狀語everyday，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，說明經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。6.Whentheearthquakestruck,thevillagers______(learn)frompreviousdisasterstoevacuateimmediately—adecisionthatsavedcountlesslives.【解析】hadlearned

句意：地震發(fā)生時(shí)，村民們從過去的災(zāi)難中吸取教訓(xùn)，立即撤離。根據(jù)句意來看，“吸取教訓(xùn)”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作struck之前，屬于“過去的過去”，應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)hadlearned。7.Thepatient

______(attend)

thisclinicmonthlyforphysicaltherapysincehercaraccident.【解析】hasattended

句意：該患者自車禍后每月都來此診所進(jìn)行物理治療。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語來看sincehercaraccident，這里應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)。另外句子主語是一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，故填hasattended。8.Ifthispolicypasses,it______takeyearsfortheeconomytorecoverfromtheinitialshock.【解析】willtake

句意：如果這項(xiàng)政策通過，經(jīng)濟(jì)將需要數(shù)年時(shí)間從最初的沖擊中恢復(fù)。根據(jù)句意來看，這里符合“主將從現(xiàn)”的用法，即從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，主句中應(yīng)該用一般將來時(shí)。9.Thestudents

______(stand)

inlineforlunchwhentheprincipalannouncedovertheloudspeakerthatschoolwouldcloseduetothesnowstorm.【解析】werestanding

句意：學(xué)生們正排隊(duì)領(lǐng)午餐時(shí)，校長通過廣播宣布因暴風(fēng)雪學(xué)校關(guān)閉。根據(jù)句子意思和從句中的過去時(shí)態(tài)來判斷，這里應(yīng)該用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示“當(dāng)時(shí)正在...”。10.Themedicalteam______(leave)fortheearthquakezonetonight,carryingemergencysuppliestoassistsurvivorstrappedundertherubble.【解析】isleaving

句意：醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)今晚將前往地震災(zāi)區(qū)，攜帶急救物資救助被困廢墟下的幸存者。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語來看，這里應(yīng)該表將來，而是一個(gè)表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞，一般用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將來的動(dòng)作。另外句子主語可以看作一個(gè)整體。故填isleaving。題組二

動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)集訓(xùn)單句語法填空(原創(chuàng))1.Manyclassicnovels______(adapt)intosuccessfulfilmssofar.【解析】havebeenadapted

句意：到現(xiàn)在為止，許多經(jīng)典小說已被改編成熱門電影。根據(jù)句意及句中時(shí)間狀語來看，這里應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)。另外句子主語是表物的名詞，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)，表示“被改編成...”。2.Scientistsarguethathumanactivityis______(blame)fortherapidincreaseinglobaltemperatures.【解析】toblame

句意：科學(xué)家認(rèn)為全球氣溫快速上升的罪魁禍?zhǔn)资侨祟惢顒?dòng)。blame這個(gè)詞很特殊，在用不定式做表語時(shí)，經(jīng)常用主動(dòng)式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。故填toblame。3.Ifsafetystandards

______(notkeep),workplaceaccidentswillinevitablyincrease.【解析】arenotkept

句意：如果安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)未被遵守，工作場所事故必然增加。根據(jù)句意來看，這里符合“主將從現(xiàn)”的用法，即從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，主句中用一般將來時(shí)。此空前的主語是表物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)該考慮用被動(dòng)。故填arenotkept。4.AdvancedAImodels______(develop)tounderstandhumanemotions,potentiallyrevolutionizingmentalhealthcare.【解析】arebeingdeveloped

句意：能理解人類情感的先進(jìn)AI模型正在開發(fā)中，可能徹底改變心理健康治療。根據(jù)句意來看，這里表示“(先進(jìn)AI模型)正在開發(fā)”，另外句子主語是表物的名詞，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式。故填arebeingdeveloped。5.Theauthor’slatestnovel

______(complete)

afterfiveyearsofwriting,andit’salreadyreceivingcriticalacclaim.【解析】is/hasbeencompleted

句意：作者耗時(shí)五年完成的最新小說已獲得評論界贊譽(yù)。根據(jù)句意及句子中的時(shí)間狀語來看，這里用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示“完成”的狀態(tài)。用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)“完成”的動(dòng)作。兩種形式都可以。6.Hislaptopscreen______(break)whenitslippedfromhisbackpackonthesubwaystairs.【解析】wasbroken

句意：他的筆記本電腦屏幕在地鐵樓梯上從背包滑落時(shí)摔壞了。根據(jù)句意及句子中的時(shí)間狀語來看，此空應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，表示當(dāng)時(shí)的情形。另外句子主語是表物的名詞，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式。故填wasbroken。7.Thesuspensionbridge______(design)towithstandearthquakesuptomagnitude8.0beforeconstructionbegan.【解析】hadbeendesigned

句意：在施工開始前，這座懸索橋就被設(shè)計(jì)成能承受8.0級地震。根據(jù)句意及句子中的時(shí)間狀語beforeconstructionbegan來看，這里用過去完成時(shí)表示“(設(shè)計(jì)已經(jīng))完成”。此動(dòng)作和began有先后關(guān)系，表示過去的過去。8.Propersafetymeasuresmust______(take)whenworkingwithhigh-voltageelectricalequipment.【解析】betaken

句意：操作高壓電氣設(shè)備時(shí)必須采取適當(dāng)?shù)陌踩胧?。此空用在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形。另外根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)。故填betaken。9.Inthegoldenfields,stalksofwheat______(cut)bycombineharvestersatdawn.【解析】werebeingcut

句意：金色的田野里，聯(lián)合收割機(jī)正在黎明時(shí)分收割麥稈。根據(jù)句意及句子中的時(shí)間狀語atdawn來看，這里用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示“(黎明時(shí)分)正在收割麥稈”。另外句子主語是stalksofwheat，表物，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)。故填werebeingcut。10.TheGreatWall______(know)worldwideasoneofthemostimpressiveman-madestructures.【解析】isknown

句意：長城作為最令人印象深刻的人造建筑之一而聞名于世。本句描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。另外句子主語是表物的名詞，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)。故填isknown。題組三

綜合集訓(xùn)I.語法填空:基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練(動(dòng)詞專練)原創(chuàng)TheResilienceofTyphoonGrassTyphoonGrass,alsoknownas

ZhuJieCao,isaremarkableplantthat1(thrive)incoastalregions.Whenatyphoon

hits,mostvegetation

2(destroy),butthisgrass

survives

andevenflourishes.Scientists

3(study)

itsuniqueadaptations.Itsroots

4(design)

toanchordeeply,preventingthemfrom

beinguprooted

bystrongwinds.Beforeastorm

arrives,thegrassbends

withoutbreaking,astrategythat

5(save)

countlessplants.Inthepast,farmers

6(plant)

TyphoonGrasstoprotecttheirfields.Today,it

isstillused

topreventsoilerosion.Ifthegrass

7(expose)

tosaltwater,it

canrecover

quickly.Researchersbelieve

itsresilience

8(inspire)

newagriculturalmethods.Bynextyear,morecoastalareas

9(adopt)

thisgrass.Itsabilitytoendureharshconditions

10(praise),provingthatnature

provides

thebestsolutions.1.thrives2.isdestroyed3.havestudied4.aredesigned5.hassaved6.planted7.isexposed8.willinspire9.willhaveadopted10.hasbeenpraised【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了臺風(fēng)竹節(jié)草(TyphoonGrass/ZhuJieCao)的獨(dú)特生存能力，重點(diǎn)分析了其在臺風(fēng)等極端天氣中的適應(yīng)性，并探討了其在農(nóng)業(yè)和生態(tài)保護(hù)中的應(yīng)用。文章通過多種時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，展示了該植物的過去、現(xiàn)在和未來的重要性。1.thrives

考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：臺風(fēng)竹節(jié)草是一種非凡的植物，生長繁茂于沿海地區(qū)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示客觀事實(shí)或常態(tài)，此處說明竹節(jié)草的自然生長習(xí)性。2.isdestroyed

考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)臺風(fēng)來襲時(shí)，大多數(shù)植被被摧毀，但這種草卻能存活甚至茂盛生長。被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)“植被”是被臺風(fēng)破壞的對象，突出竹節(jié)草的頑強(qiáng)。3.havestudied

考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)研究了其獨(dú)特的適應(yīng)能力?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)研究結(jié)果仍具現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。4.aredesigned

考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：它的根系被設(shè)計(jì)（天生具備結(jié)構(gòu)）以深扎土壤，防止被強(qiáng)風(fēng)連根拔起。被動(dòng)語態(tài)說明根系的特性是自然形成的，而非人為設(shè)計(jì)。5.hassaved

考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：風(fēng)暴來臨前，這種草會(huì)彎曲而不折斷，這一策略已拯救了無數(shù)植株?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)該策略從過去至今持續(xù)有效。6.planted

考查一般過去時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：過去，農(nóng)民們種植臺風(fēng)竹節(jié)草以保護(hù)農(nóng)田。一般過去時(shí)描述過去的農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐。7.isexposed

考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：如果這種草暴露在鹽水中，它能快速恢復(fù)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)草受到鹽水影響，但仍有耐受性。8.willinspire

考查一般將來時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：研究者認(rèn)為，其韌性將啟發(fā)新的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)。一般將來時(shí)表示對未來影響的預(yù)測。9.willhaveadopted

考查將來完成時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：到明年，更多沿海地區(qū)將已采用這種草。將來完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)在“明年”這一時(shí)間點(diǎn)前完成的動(dòng)作。10.hasbeenpraised

考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：其耐受惡劣條件的能力一直備受贊譽(yù)，證明大自然提供了最佳解決方案?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)從過去到現(xiàn)在持續(xù)受到的認(rèn)可。題組三

綜合集訓(xùn)II.語法填空：高考真題(綜合訓(xùn)練)(2022浙江1月)KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics_________arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane

_________________________(view)

asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers_____(be)

nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,and_________(change)

theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,_______(rough)

200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists______________(promise)

toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak__________shecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersof_____time,theyagreed.Whentheanswer,wasno,she,declinedthe_________(invite).ThatapproachbroughtCobb’sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans___________(continue)

thep