高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1黑龍江省雞西市某中學2025-2026學年高二上學期開學考試英語試卷第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳答案。ATheSplendidColors:ChineseCostumeCultureExhibitionDate:Oct.1-Dec.2Location:SouthExhibitionHall12,6/F,theChinaNationalArtsandCraftsMuseuminBeijingHighlightsThisexhibitionshowcasestraditionalcostumesfrommorethan30ethnic(民族的)groupsacrossvariousdynasties,emphasizingtheunitywithinChineseculture.Visitorscangaininsightsintotheirdailyactivitiesandinfertheenvironmentalconditionsbasedonthematerialsandtechniquesusedinthecostumes.Thisiswhyexpertsnowadaysrefertothesecostumesas“wearablehistorybooks.”O(jiān)nlineReservationAllvisitorscanmakeareservation1-7daysinadvancethroughourofficialwebsiteorofficialWeChatplatform.Allvisitorsshallarriveatthemuseumontimeaccordingtothereservedtimeschedule.Ifyoumisstheappointment,entrywillbedenied.Ifyoucannotvisitontime,pleasecancelatleast2hoursbeforehand.Latecancellationswillnotgetyourmoneyback.Wedonotcurrentlyacceptgroupreservations.EntryInstructionsUponenteringthemuseum,pleasepresenttheoriginalIDcardusedformakingthereservationandthegeneratedQRcode(二維碼).InternationalvisitorsmustpresenttheirpassportalongwiththeORcode.Allvisitorsenteringthemuseumshallgothroughasecurityscreening.Visitorswithaccessrequirementsandtheiraccompanyingfamilymembersorpersonalcarerscanskipthequeuestoenterthemuseum.1.Whatisapurposeoftheexhibition?A.Tocallforenvironmentalprotection.B.TocelebratetheculturalunityofChina.C.Toexplorethedailylifeofethnicgroups.D.Topreservethematerialsandtechniques.2.Whatwillhappenifyoucancelyourreservation3hoursinadvance?A.Yourmoneywillbereturned.B.Youraccountwillnotbeaffected.C.Yourappointmentwillberescheduled.D.Yourcancellationwillnotbeaccepted.3.Whatarethevisitorsrequiredtodowhenenteringthemuseum?A.Takepersonalcarers. B.PaywiththeirQRcode.C.Passasecuritycheck. D.Confirmtheirreservation.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了“中國服飾文化展”的時間、地點、亮點、預(yù)約方式及入場須知?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Highlights中“Thisexhibitionshowcasestraditionalcostumesfrommorethan30ethnic(民族的)groupsacrossvariousdynasties,emphasizingtheunitywithinChineseculture.(本次展覽展示了來自不同朝代30多個民族的傳統(tǒng)服飾，強調(diào)了中國文化的統(tǒng)一性”可知，展覽目的是慶祝文化統(tǒng)一。故選B項。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OnlineReservation中“Ifyoucannotvisitontime,pleasecancelatleast2hoursbeforehand.Latecancellationswillnotgetyourmoneyback.(如果您不能按時參觀，請至少提前2小時取消。逾期取消將無法退款)”可知，如果您提前3小時取消預(yù)訂，你的錢會退回的。故選A項。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EntryInstructions中“Allvisitorsenteringthemuseumshallgothroughasecurityscreening.(所有進入博物館的游客都必須經(jīng)過安全檢查)”可知，參觀者在進入博物館時需要通過安全檢查。故選C項。BADutchmuseumhasrecoveredanartworkthatlooksliketwoemptybeercansafterastaffmemberaccidentallythrewitintherubbishbin.Thework,entitledAlltheGoodTimesWeSpentTogetherbytheFrenchartistAlexandreLavet,appearsonfirstglancetobetwoabandonedanddented(癟的)beertins.However,acloserlookshowstheyarecarefullyhand-paintedandrequiredalotoftimeandefforttocreate.Theirartisticvaluewaslostonamechanic,whosawthemdisplayedinaliftandthrewtheminthebin.Thecurator(館長)ElisahvandenBerghreturnedfromashortbreakandnoticedthecanshaddisappeared.Sherecoveredthemfromabinbagjustastheywereabouttobethrownout.FroukjeBudding,oftheLAMmuseuminLisse,westernNetherlands,saidartworkswereoftenleftinunusualplaces—hencethedisplayinalift.“Wetrytosurprisevisitorsforallthetime,”shesaid.“Wehavenowputtheworkinamoretraditionalplaceonaplinth(底座)soitcanrestafteritsadventure.”Shestressedtherewerenohardfeelingstowardsthemechanic,whohadjuststartedatthemuseum,statingthathewassimplyperforminghisduties.SietskevanZanten,themuseum’sdirector,emphasizedthemuseum’smissiontoencouragevisitorstoseeeverydayobjectsinanewlight.“Bydisplayingartworksinunexpectedplaces,weenhancethisexperienceandkeepvisitorsontheirtoes,”headded.Buddingalsonotedthecanswereunlikelytostayontheirtraditionalplinthforlongandthattheyneededtothinkhardaboutacarefulplacetoputthemnext.4.Whydidthemechanicthrowtheartworkintherubbishbin?A.Becauseitstoodintheway. B.Becauseittookmuchspace.C.Becauseitlookedlikerealtrash. D.Becauseitlookedstrangeinthelift.5.WhatwasBudding’sattitudetowardthemechanic’sbehavior?A.Understanding. B.Concerned.C.Critical. D.Unforgiving.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinparagraph4mean?A.Makevisitorsreadyforsurprises. B.Remindvisitorsofdangers.C.Warnvisitorsnottolitter. D.Showvisitorsaroundthemuseum.7.Whatmighthappentotheartworkinthefuture?A.Itwillbekeptinasafe. B.Itwillbeputinaselectedplace.C.Itwillbesentbacktothelift. D.Itwillbeplacedinatraditionalsetting.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.B【語篇解讀】本文是新聞報道。文章主要講述荷蘭某博物館一件形似兩個空啤酒罐的藝術(shù)品被誤當垃圾丟棄，后經(jīng)找回并重新考慮其展示位置的故事。同時介紹了博物館在藝術(shù)品展示方面的理念?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thework,entitledAlltheGoodTimesWeSpentTogetherbytheFrenchartistAlexandreLavet,appearsonfirstglancetobetwoabandonedanddented(癟的)beertins.However,acloserlookshowstheyarecarefullyhand-paintedandrequiredalotoftimeandefforttocreate.Theirartisticvaluewaslostonamechanic,whosawthemdisplayedinaliftandthrewtheminthebin.(這件由法國藝術(shù)家亞歷山大?拉韋（AlexandreLavet）創(chuàng)作、名為《我們一起度過的美好時光》的作品，乍一看像是兩個被丟棄且癟了的啤酒罐。然而，仔細觀察就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們是精心手繪而成的，創(chuàng)作過程耗費了大量的時間和精力。但一名機械師卻沒有意識到它們的藝術(shù)價值，他看到這些作品在電梯里展出，便把它們?nèi)舆M了垃圾桶)”可知，法國藝術(shù)家AlexandreLavet的這件作品乍一看像是兩個被遺棄且癟掉的啤酒罐，機械師沒有意識到其藝術(shù)價值，所以把它當作垃圾扔掉了。也就是說，機械師把藝術(shù)品扔進垃圾桶是因為它看起來像真正的垃圾。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“FroukjeBudding,oftheLAMmuseuminLisse,westernNetherlands,saidartworkswereoftenleftinunusualplaces—hencethedisplayinalift.(來自荷蘭西部利斯鎮(zhèn)拉穆博物館（LAMmuseum）的弗魯克耶?巴丁（FroukjeBudding）表示，藝術(shù)品常常被放置在不尋常的地方——這就是它被放在電梯里展出的原因。)”和本段“Shestressedtherewerenohardfeelingstowardsthemechanic,whohadjuststartedatthemuseum,statingthathewassimplyperforminghisduties.(她（FroukjeBudding）強調(diào)，她對這位剛到博物館工作的機械師沒有不滿情緒，還表示他只是在履行自己的工作職責)”可知，Budding強調(diào)對剛到博物館工作的機械師沒有不滿情緒，并且表示他只是在履行自己的工作職責，即他看到這些作品在電梯里展出，便把它們?nèi)舆M了垃圾桶（見小題1詳析）。由此可以推斷出，Budding對機械師的行為持理解的態(tài)度。故選A項。【6題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“SietskevanZanten,themuseum’sdirector,emphasizedthemuseum’smissiontoencouragevisitorstoseeeverydayobjectsinanewlight.‘Bydisplayingartworksinunexpectedplaces,weenhancethisexperienceandkeepvisitorsontheirtoes,’headded.(博物館館長西茨克?范贊滕（SietskevanZanten）強調(diào)了博物館的使命，即鼓勵游客以新的視角看待日常物品。“通過在意想不到的地方展示藝術(shù)品，我們增強了這種體驗，并讓游客保持警覺，”他補充道)”可知，博物館館長SietskevanZanten強調(diào)博物館的使命是鼓勵游客以新的視角看待日常物品，通過在意想不到的地方展示藝術(shù)品來增強這種體驗?！発eepvisitorsontheirtoes”所在句子與前文提到的“displayingartworksinunexpectedplaces(在意想不到的地方展示藝術(shù)品)”相呼應(yīng)，結(jié)合語境可知，該短語意思是讓游客為可能出現(xiàn)的驚喜做好準備，時刻保持期待和警覺。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Buddingalsonotedthecanswereunlikelytostayontheirtraditionalplinthforlongandthattheyneededtothinkhardaboutacarefulplacetoputthemnext(巴?。˙udding）還指出，這些啤酒罐不太可能長時間放在傳統(tǒng)的底座上，而且他們需要認真思考接下來把它們放置在一個合適的地方)”可知，Budding指出這些啤酒罐不太可能長時間放在傳統(tǒng)的底座上，并且他們需要認真思考接下來把它們放置在一個合適的地方。由此可以推斷出，這件藝術(shù)品未來可能會被放置在一個經(jīng)過精心挑選的地方。故選B項。CIt’stooearlytonameanyactivityTheSportof2025,butifyouaskedmetodoittoday,IwouldgivethetitletoHyrox,whichisanindividualbutinteractiveactivity.Fitnessfansruneightkilometresandstopaftereachtoperformexercisessuchassledpushesorburpees.Thefasteryoucompletethecourse,thehigheryourscoreisintheHyroxworldwiderankings.Manysurveysindicatethatpeopleareexercisingmorenowthaninpreviousyears.It’sindividualfitnesspursuitsthataredrivingtherise.Ispentthefirsthalfofmy29-year-oldlifeasahockeyplayerandthesecondasadistancerunner.Ilongforthecommongoalofteamsports,butIalsovaluetheresponsibilityandclearresultsthatcomefromworkingtowardmyownrunningtargets.Soit’soddtomethatpeoplepreferindividualfitnesspursuitstoteamsports.Onecommonexplanationisthatorganizedsportshaven’tbouncedbacksincethepandemic(疫情)afewyearsago.Whenpeoplelearnedtoexercisewithlessmoney,equipment,space,timeandorganization,theykeptindividualactivities.Meanwhile,therearenowfitnessappsforuserstotailorworksbasedontheirheartratesandsleepquality.Theriseofwearableshasalsogotsomeofusaddictedtoourownexerciseroutines.However,anobviousproblemforindividualsportsisloneliness.Engaginginteamsportsisaprovenwaytoeaseit,whichboostsourabilitytointeractandformmeaningfulrelationships.Well,Hyroxisacombinedactivity:anindividualsportthatwedowithothers.Eachcompetitionfollowsthesamescoringsystem,whichallowspeopletocomparetheirresultswithothersaroundtheworld.It’sthetypethat’scometodominatethefitnessworld.And,accordingtoGuyFaulkner,aprofessorattheUniversityofBritishColumbia,ifitgetspeopleoutofthedoor,thenit’sagoodone.“Themosteffectiveformofsport,”hesaid,“istheformyouwillsustain.”8.WhatisthekeyfeatureofHyrox?A.Itrequiresteamworkandsharedplans. B.Itisorganizedtofindsportspartners.C.Itskipsphysicalchallengesforleisure. D.Itisself-pacedbutrankedwithothers.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Negativeeffectsofthepandemic. B.Methodsofchoosingwearables.C.Reasonsfortheshifttoindividualfitness. D.Tailoredworkoutswithfitnessapps.10.HowdoesHyroxaddresstheproblemwithindividualsports?A.Bytargetingpeopleafraidofpublicinteractions.B.Byconnectingindividualswithsharedexperiences.C.Byprioritizingpersonalachievementsovergroupgoals.D.Byofferingakindoftreatmentformentalhealthissues.11.WhatdoesGuyFaulknerconsiderthemosteffectivesport?A.Sportthatrequirestheleasteffort. B.Sportthatinvolvesmorepeople.C.Sportthatonewilldoconsistently. D.Sportthatprovidesthequickestresults.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為Hyrox的運動形式，介紹了其特點以及優(yōu)勢?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“It’stooearlytonameanyactivityTheSportof2025,butifyouaskedmetodoittoday,IwouldgivethetitletoHyrox,whichisanindividualbutinteractiveactivity.(現(xiàn)在給任何一項活動命名為2025年的運動都還為時過早，但如果你讓我今天做，我會把它命名為Hyrox，這是一項個人但互動的活動)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Well,Hyroxisacombinedactivity:anindividualsportthatwedowithothers.Eachcompetitionfollowsthesamescoringsystem,whichallowspeopletocomparetheirresultswithothersaroundtheworld.(Hyrox是一項聯(lián)合活動：我們和其他人一起進行的個人運動。每次比賽都采用相同的計分系統(tǒng)，這使得人們可以將自己的成績與世界各地的其他人進行比較)”可知，Hyrox的關(guān)鍵特性是它是自定節(jié)奏，但他人進行排名與。故選D。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Onecommonexplanationisthatorganizedsportshaven’tbouncedbacksincethepandemic(疫情)afewyearsago.Whenpeoplelearnedtoexercisewithlessmoney,equipment,space,timeandorganization,theykeptindividualactivities.Meanwhile,therearenowfitnessappsforuserstotailorworksbasedontheirheartratesandsleepquality.Theriseofwearableshasalsogotsomeofusaddictedtoourownexerciseroutines.(一種常見的解釋是，自幾年前的大流行以來，有組織的體育運動一直沒有反彈。當人們學會用更少的錢、設(shè)備、空間、時間和組織進行鍛煉時，他們會保持個人活動。與此同時，現(xiàn)在有一些健身應(yīng)用程序可以讓用戶根據(jù)自己的心率和睡眠質(zhì)量來定制健身項目?？纱┐髟O(shè)備的興起也讓我們中的一些人沉迷于自己的鍛煉習慣)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是轉(zhuǎn)向個人健身的原因。故選C?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Engaginginteamsportsisaprovenwaytoeaseit,whichboostsourabilitytointeractandformmeaningfulrelationships.Well,Hyroxisacombinedactivity:anindividualsportthatwedowithothers.Eachcompetitionfollowsthesamescoringsystem,whichallowspeopletocomparetheirresultswithothersaroundtheworld.(參加團隊運動是一種行之有效的緩解方法，它能提高我們互動和建立有意義的關(guān)系的能力。Hyrox是一項聯(lián)合活動：我們和其他人一起進行的個人運動。每次比賽都采用相同的計分系統(tǒng)，這使得人們可以將自己的成績與世界各地的其他人進行比較)”可知，Hyrox通過將個人與共同的經(jīng)歷聯(lián)系起來以解決個人運動的問題。故選B。【11題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Themosteffectiveformofsport,”hesaid,“istheformyouwillsustain.”(“最有效的運動形式，”他說，“是你能保持的形式。”)”可知，蓋伊·?？思{認為堅持做的運動是最有效的運動。故選C。DForhundredsofyears,theislandofSantiagohasbeenhometoauniquepopulationoffree-rangingmonkeys,creatingapopularnaturallaboratoryforresearchers.In2017,ahurricanesignificantlyimpactedtheisland,destroyingmorethantwo-thirdsofplants.Evennow,treecoverremainsfarbelowpre-hurricanelevels,whichmakesshadeapreciousresourceforthemonkeys.Inresponsetotheviolentchangescausedbythehurricane,theyincreasedtoleranceanddecreasedattackstowardseachother,anewstudyfound.Theresearchersweremotivatedbyafindingintheirpreviousworkonthesamemonkeypopulation:Theanimalsbecamemoreacceptingofoneanotherandbuiltnewrelationshipsdespiteinsufficientresourceavailability.Butthistime,theteamwantedtoexplorewhetherthemonkeysweresimplypassivelyengagingintheseshade-sharingbehaviorsduetothefactthattheywerebeing“forced”intolimitedspace.For10yearsinarow,theresearcherscollectedbehavioraldataacrosssevensocialgroups.Theyconstructednetworksforeachgrouptodrawcomparisonsbeforeandafterthehurricane.“Beforethehurricane,toleratingothershadnoimpactontheriskofdeath,”firstauthorTestardsays.“Afterwards,themonkeysthatdisplayedmorethanaveragesocialtoleranceandwerethereforebetterabletoshareshade,were42%lesslikelytodiethanthosethatwerelesstolerant.”Thisrepresentsasuddenchangein“selectionpressure”,theevolutionary(進化的)benefitsorcostsofdifferentcharacteristicsorbehaviors.“Toaccessshade,theyneedtotolerateandbetoleratedbyothers,andwefoundthatthistoleranceinfluencesotherdailyinteractions,”saysTestard.“Monkeysthatbegansharingshadealsospenttimetogetherinthemornings,beforetheday’sheatforcesthemtoseekshade.”ProfessorBrentaddsthat“monkeysareknownforlivinginanaggressive(好斗的)andhighlycompetitivesociety.Butintheheatcausedbyecologicalchanges,theycooperativelycopedwithdisturbancesintheenvironment.Weweresurprisedthatthemonkeys’socialbehaviorwassoflexible,makingthemquicklyadjusttothisenvironmentalchange.”12.Howdidthehurricaneaffectthemonkeys?A.Theyhadahigherdeathrate. B.Theyweremorefriendlytocompanions.C.Theydevelopedresistancetodisasters. D.Theymovedtoplaceswithmoreshade.13.What’sthepurposeofthenewstudy?A.Tofindouthowthemonkeyssharedshade.B.Toconfirmtheinteractionsbetweenthemonkeys.C.Tostudytheimpactsofresourcesonmonkeys.D.Toexplorethereasonsforthemonkeys’tolerance.14.Whatledtomonkeys’changingbehavior?A.Thechanceofbettersurvival. B.Thelargerpopulationofmonkeys.C.Theeasyavailabilityofresources. D.Theincreasinghumandisturbances.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Naturaldisastersarethemaindangerfacingwildanimals.B.Monkeysrelyonhumaninterventiontosurvivedisasters.C.Aggressionistheprimarysocialbehaviorinmonkeygroups.D.Environmentalpressuredrivesanimals’rapidbehavioralevolution.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了圣地亞哥島的猴子在颶風導(dǎo)致環(huán)境變化（樹蔭資源不足）的壓力下，從好斗、競爭的社會行為轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦呷萑绦院秃献餍缘男袨?，并且這種行為的改變有助于它們更好地生存，體現(xiàn)了環(huán)境壓力促使動物行為快速進化?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Evennow,treecoverremainsfarbelowpre-hurricanelevels,whichmakesshadeapreciousresourceforthemonkeys.Inresponsetotheviolentchangescausedbythehurricane,theyincreasedtoleranceanddecreasedattackstowardseachother,anewstudyfound.(即使是現(xiàn)在，樹木覆蓋率仍然遠遠低于颶風前的水平，這使得樹蔭成為猴子的寶貴資源。一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，為了應(yīng)對颶風造成的劇烈變化，它們增加了容忍度，減少了對彼此的攻擊。)”可知，颶風使得樹木覆蓋量遠低于颶風前水平，樹蔭成為珍貴資源，猴子們對此的反應(yīng)是增加了對彼此的容忍度，減少了相互攻擊，即它們對同伴更友好了。故選B項。【13題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Butthistime,theteamwantedtoexplorewhetherthemonkeysweresimplypassivelyengagingintheseshade-sharingbehaviorsduetothefactthattheywerebeing“forced”intolimitedspace.(但這一次，研究小組想要探索猴子是否只是被動地參與這些陰影分享行為，因為它們被“強迫”進入有限的空間。)”可知，研究團隊之前發(fā)現(xiàn)猴子們在資源不足的情況下變得更能接受彼此并建立新關(guān)系，這次他們想探究猴子們進行這些共享樹蔭行為的原因，是因為被“逼”進有限空間而被動為之，還是有其他原因，也就是探究猴子容忍行為的原因。故選D項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中““Beforethehurricane,toleratingothershadnoimpactontheriskofdeath,”firstauthorTestardsays.“Afterwards,themonkeysthatdisplayedmorethanaveragesocialtoleranceandwerethereforebetterabletoshareshade,were42%lesslikelytodiethanthosethatwerelesstolerant.”(“在颶風之前，容忍他人對死亡風險沒有影響，”第一作者特斯塔德說?！爸?，那些表現(xiàn)出高于平均水平的社會容忍度，因此能夠更好地分享陰影的猴子，比那些容忍度較低的猴子死亡的可能性低42%。”)”可知，颶風過后，表現(xiàn)出更多社會容忍度、更能共享樹蔭的猴子比容忍度低的猴子死亡率低42%，所以是更好的生存機會導(dǎo)致了猴子行為的改變。故選A項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段“ProfessorBrentaddsthat“monkeysareknownforlivinginanaggressive(好斗的)andhighlycompetitivesociety.Butintheheatcausedbyecologicalchanges,theycooperativelycopedwithdisturbancesintheenvironment.Weweresurprisedthatthemonkeys’socialbehaviorwassoflexible,makingthemquicklyadjusttothisenvironmentalchange.”(布倫特教授補充說：“眾所周知，猴子生活在一個充滿侵略性和高度競爭的社會中。但在生態(tài)變化引起的高溫下，它們合作應(yīng)對環(huán)境中的干擾。我們驚訝于猴子的社會行為如此靈活，使它們能夠迅速適應(yīng)這種環(huán)境變化?！?”可知，文章主要講述了圣地亞哥島的猴子在颶風導(dǎo)致環(huán)境變化（樹蔭資源不足）的壓力下，從好斗、競爭的社會行為轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦呷萑绦院秃献餍缘男袨椋⑶疫@種行為的改變有助于它們更好地生存，體現(xiàn)了環(huán)境壓力促使動物行為快速進化。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyoueverwonderedwhoitwasthatinventedmathematics?Actually,unlikealightbulboracomputer,mathematicsisn’tsomethingthatwasinventedbysomeone.____16____Anditsdiscoverycan’tevenbeattributedtooneperson.Instead,mathematicsdevelopedgraduallyoverthousandsofyearsthroughthecontributionsofmanypeople!____17____Noonecanknowforsure,butwecanuseourimaginationstothinkabouthowmathematicsmighthavegottenitsstart.Forexample,ifwegoallthewaybacktoprehistorichumansgatheringpeachestoeat,wecanimaginehowthisbasictaskprobablygaverisetoaneedformath.Ifyouandyourprehistoricfriendgatheredabasketfullofpeaches,you’dprobablyagreetosplitthemevenly.First,you’dneedtoknowhowmanypeachesyougathered.____18____Youmightfirstneedtocomeupwithnamesforthebasicunitsofmeasurement.Thismightbehowcountingandtheearliestnumberscameabout.Similarly,divisionmighthaveoriginatedfromtheneedtosplitthatpileofpeaches.____19____Andscientistsbelievethatmanybasicmathematicalfunctions,suchasadditionandmultiplicationappearedthousandsofyearsagoinvariousareasatthesametime,includingChina,India,Mesopotamia,andEgypt.MoreadvancedmathematicsistracedtoancientGreeceover2,500yearsago.____20____Sincethen,mathematicalfindingshaveinspiredlatermathematiciansandscientiststobuildonpredecessors’work,continuouslybroadeningourcomprehensionofmathematicsanditsconnectiontotheworld.A.Howdiditgetstarted?B.It’sreallymoreofadiscovery.C.Thatmeansyou’dneedtocountthem.D.Prehistorichumansmayhaveknownmoremaththanweassume.E.Theywouldhavebeenthefirsttodiscoverthebasicsofmathematics.F.Itwasaroundthistimethatmathematicsfirstbecameanorganizedscience.G.Infact,manymathematicalprinciplesweredevelopedinresponsetopracticalneeds.【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.G20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了數(shù)學的起源和發(fā)展過程?！?6題詳析】由上文“Actually,unlikealightbulboracomputer,mathematicsisn’tsomethingthatwasinventedbysomeone.(實際上，與燈泡或電腦不同，數(shù)學不是由某個人發(fā)明的東西。)”及下文“Anditsdiscoverycan’tevenbeattributedtooneperson.(而且它的發(fā)現(xiàn)甚至不能歸功于一個人。)”本空應(yīng)進一步闡述數(shù)學不是發(fā)明而是發(fā)現(xiàn)這一觀點。B選項“It’sreallymoreofadiscovery.(它其實更像是一種發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選B。【17題詳析】由下文“Noonecanknowforsure,butwecanuseourimaginationstothinkabouthowmathematicsmighthavegottenitsstart.(沒有人能夠確切地知道，但我們可以發(fā)揮我們的想象力來思考數(shù)學是如何起源的。)”可知，本空應(yīng)提出關(guān)于數(shù)學起源的問題，A選項“Howdiditgetstarted?(它是如何開始的？)”能引出下文，符合題意。故選A。【18題詳析】由上文“First,you’dneedtoknowhowmanypeachesyougathered.(首先，你需要知道你摘了多少桃子。)”可知，上文提到了需要知道桃子的數(shù)量，因此本空應(yīng)解釋如何得知數(shù)量，C選項“Thatmeansyou’dneedtocountthem.(那意味著你需要數(shù)一下它們。)”能承接上文，解釋了如何得知桃子的數(shù)量，符合題意。故選C?！?9題詳析】由上文“Similarly,divisionmighthaveoriginatedfromtheneedtosplitthatpileofpeaches.(同樣，除法可能起源于分割那堆桃子的需要。)”可知，上文提到了除法可能起源于分割桃子的需要，本空應(yīng)進一步說明數(shù)學運算與實際需求的關(guān)系。G選項“Infact,manymathematicalprinciplesweredevelopedinresponsetopracticalneeds.(事實上，許多數(shù)學原理都是為了滿足實際需要而發(fā)展起來的。)”能承接上文，進一步解釋了數(shù)學原理與實際需要的關(guān)系，符合題意。故選G?！?0題詳析】由上文“MoreadvancedmathematicsistracedtoancientGreeceover2,500yearsago.(更高級的數(shù)學可以追溯到2500多年前的古希臘。)”及下文“Sincethen,mathematicalfindingshaveinspiredlatermathematiciansandscientiststobuildonpredecessors’work,continuouslybroadeningourcomprehensionofmathematicsanditsconnectiontotheworld.”(從那以后，數(shù)學發(fā)現(xiàn)激勵著后來的數(shù)學家和科學家在前輩的工作基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)研究，不斷拓寬我們對數(shù)學及其與世界聯(lián)系的理解。)”可知，本空應(yīng)進一步解釋古希臘時期數(shù)學的發(fā)展情況。F選項“Itwasaroundthistimethatmathematicsfirstbecameanorganizedscience.”(大約就是在這個時候，數(shù)學首次成為一門有系統(tǒng)的科學。)”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言知識運用（共三小節(jié)。滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。GeoffHoltwasborntosail.By18,hehadsailedacrosstheAtlanticOceanthreetimesand____21____severalsolovoyages.Alife-changing____22____in1984threatenedtoendhislifeontheoceanwaves,leavingthe____23____sailordisabled.Despitethesetback,hispassionforsailingwas____24____whenhesailedallbyhimselfaspeciallyadaptedboatforthedisabled.ThisexperiencemadehimthefirstdisabledpersontocrosstheAtlantic____25____.Committedtoofferingotherswithdisabilitiesthe____26____ofsailing,HoltestablishedtheWetwheelsFoundationin2011,____27____byhispersonalachievements.Itprovides____28____boatsforwheelchairaccess,securingadelightfulsailing.Withsupport,thefirstboat,WetwheelsSolent,was____29____inPortsmouth,andsubsequently,boatsinotherlocationssetsailaswell.Buildingonthis,Holt_____30_____“bluehealth”,aconceptthatlinksthe-seaandoverallhealth.Thus,theWetwheelstripsofferasensory-richsailingexperienceforthedisabled,_____31_____themintofightersinlife.Ratherthansimplypassengers,theyareactive_____32_____.Withagoalto_____33_____12,000peopleannuallyby2027,Holttookupthechallengetoraisemorefunds.Holt’sstoryshowsthepowerof_____34_____andthebeliefthatdisabilityisn’tblockstodreams.Holtwillcontinueto_____35_____barriers,onewaveatatime.21.A.organized B.viewed C.designed D.completed22.A.accident B.discovery C.choice D.decision23.A.cheerful B.modest C.innocent D.seasoned24.A.praised B.reawakened C.shared D.replaced25.A.unharmed B.unchallenged C.unassisted D.undisturbed26.A.truth B.joy C.space D.method27.A.promised B.indicated C.fueled D.controlled28.A.well-decorated B.mind-blowing C.high-quality D.custom-made29.A.launched B.bought C.tested D.constructed30.A.doubts B.explains C.mentions D.advocates31.A.forcing B.transforming C.persuading D.begging32.A.observers B.guides C.participants D.volunteers33.A.support B.impress C.meet D.respect34.A.patience B.generosity C.creativity D.determination35.A.putaside B.breakdown C.keepoff D.pickup【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.B25.C26.B27.C28.D29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述殘疾航海家GeoffHolt在遭遇事故后重燃航海熱情，創(chuàng)立基金會幫助殘疾人體驗航海，并倡導(dǎo)“藍色健康”理念的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：18歲時，他已經(jīng)三次橫渡大西洋，完成了幾次單人航行。A.organized組織；B.viewed觀看；C.designed設(shè)計；D.completed完成。根據(jù)“hehadsailedacrosstheAtlanticOceanthreetimes”可知他已經(jīng)三次橫渡大西洋，可推理出他18歲時已經(jīng)完成了幾次單人航行，故選D項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：1984年，一場改變他人生的事故威脅到了他在海浪上的生命，使這位經(jīng)驗豐富的水手變成了殘疾人。A.accident事故；B.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.choice選擇；D.decision決定。根據(jù)下文“threatenedtoendhislifeontheoceanwaves”可知下文說的是威脅到了他在海浪上的生命，可推理出他在海上遇到了事故，故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.cheerful快樂的；B.modest謙虛的；C.innocent無辜的；D.seasoned經(jīng)驗豐富的。根據(jù)“By18,hehadsailedacrosstheAtlanticOceanthreetimes”可知，他在18歲前已經(jīng)多次航海，是一位經(jīng)驗豐富的水手，故選D項。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管遭遇了挫折，但當他獨自駕駛一艘為殘疾人特制的船時，他對航海的熱情又重新被喚醒。A.praised贊揚；B.reawakened重新喚醒；C.shared分享；D.replaced代替。根據(jù)上文“Despitethesetback,hispassionforsailingwas”以及下文“hesailedallbyhimselfaspeciallyadaptedboatforthedisabled”可知，盡管他遭遇了挫折，他獨自駕駛著一艘為殘疾人特別改裝的船只，可推理出他對航海的熱情被重新喚醒，故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷使他成為第一個在無人幫助的情況下橫渡大西洋的殘疾人。A.unharmed未受傷的；B.unchallenged未受挑戰(zhàn)的；C.unassisted無人幫助的；D.undisturbed未受干擾的。根據(jù)上文“hesailedallbyhimselfaspeciallyadaptedboatforthedisabled”可知他獨自駕駛著一艘為殘疾人特別改裝的船只，可推理出他是一個在無人幫助的情況下橫渡大西洋的殘疾人，故選C項?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：霍爾特致力于為其他殘疾人提供航海的快樂，于2011年成立了Wetwheels基金會，這一舉動受到了他個人成就的鼓舞。A.truth事實；B.joy快樂；C.space空間；D.method方法。根據(jù)下文“securingadelightfulsailing”可知下文說的是確?？鞓泛叫?，可推理出霍爾特為殘疾人提供航海的快樂，故選B項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.promised承諾；B.indicated表明；C.fueled激發(fā)，刺激；D.controlled控制。根據(jù)“byhispersonalachievements”可知下文提到了他的個人的成就，可推理出他的個人成就鼓舞他成立基金會，為殘疾人提供航海的快樂，故選C項?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它提供專門定制的船只，供輪椅進入，確保愉快的航行。A.well-decorated裝飾精美的；B.mind-blowing令人興奮的；C.high-quality高質(zhì)量的；D.custom-made定制的。根據(jù)“boatsforwheelchairaccess”可知這些船可以供輪椅進入，可推理出這些船是專門定制的，故選D項?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在大家的支持下，第一艘船WetwheelsSolent在樸茨茅斯下水，隨后其他地方的船只也相繼啟航。A.launched發(fā)動，下水；B.bought買；C.tested測試；D.constructed建造。根據(jù)下文“boatsinotherlocationssetsailaswell”可知下文說的是其他地方的船只也相繼啟航，可推理出此處指第一艘船在樸茨茅斯下水，故選A項?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在此基礎(chǔ)上，霍爾特倡導(dǎo)“藍色健康”，這是一個將海洋與整體健康聯(lián)系起來的概念。A.doubts懷疑；B.explains解釋；C.mentions提到；D.advocates倡導(dǎo)。根據(jù)下文“aconceptthatlinkstheseaandoverallhealth”可知下文說的是一個將海洋與整體健康聯(lián)系起來的概念，可推理出這是霍爾特倡導(dǎo)的一個理念，故選D項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，Wetwheels之旅為殘疾人提供了感官豐富的航海體驗，將他們變成生活中的斗士。A.forcing強迫；B.transforming轉(zhuǎn)變；C.persuading勸說；D.begging乞求。根據(jù)下文“themintofightersinlife”可知下文說的是生活中的斗士，此次航海之旅將殘疾人轉(zhuǎn)變成生活中的斗士，故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不僅僅是乘客，而是積極的參與者。A.observers觀察者；B.guides導(dǎo)游；C.participants參與者；D.volunteers志愿者。根據(jù)下文“12,000peopleannuallyby2027”可知下文說的是他們的目標是到2027年每年有12000人參與，可推理出他們積極參與其中，故選C項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：霍爾特的目標是到2027年每年支持12000人，因此他接受了籌集更多資金的挑戰(zhàn)。A.support支持；B.impress使印象深刻；C.meet遇見；D.respect尊重。根據(jù)上文“themintofightersinlife”可知上文說的是把它們從殘疾人變成生活中的斗士，可推理出此處說的是霍爾特是為了支持更多殘疾人，故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：霍爾特的故事顯示了決心的力量和殘疾不是夢想障礙的信念。A.patience耐心；B.generosity慷慨；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.determination決心。根據(jù)下文“thebeliefthatdisabilityisn’tblockstodreams”可知下文說的是殘疾不是夢想障礙的信念，可推理出霍爾特雖身有殘疾，但仍堅持實現(xiàn)夢想，這顯示了決心的力量，故選D項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：霍爾特將繼續(xù)一次一個浪花地打破障礙。A.putaside儲存；B.breakdown打破，分解；C.keepoff遠離；D.pickup撿起。根據(jù)上文“thebeliefthatdisabilityisn’tblockstodreams”以及下文“barriers,onewaveatatime”可知霍爾特認為殘疾不是夢想的障礙，再根據(jù)下文提到的“障礙”以及“一次一個浪花”，可推理出此處說的是霍爾特將繼續(xù)一次一個浪花地打破障礙，故選B項。第二節(jié)詞匯語法選擇題（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）36.When______abouthissuddendecision,themanagersimplysmiledwithout______aword.A.asked;speaking B.asking;spoken C.toask;tospeak D.asks;speak【答案】A【解析】考查狀語從句的省略和非謂語動詞。句意：當被問及他突然做出的這一決定時，這位經(jīng)理只是微