第4講議論文議論文是高考完形填空較難的一種文體，一般由三個要素組成：論點、論據(jù)、結(jié)論。論點和論據(jù)形成一體，相互印證。有時作者為了使文章脈絡(luò)清楚，行文流暢，會使用一些過渡詞，如：onthecontrary，allinall，inshort，generallyspeaking，worsestill，ontheotherhand，inconclusion，asaconsequence等。做題時要注意以下幾點：解題要領(lǐng)內(nèi)容解讀首句制勝，論點明確議論文完形填空的首句常常是文章的主旨句。作者一般在文章的首段提出論點，然后在各段的首句提出分論點。不同的論點提出方式①開門見山地提出論點，然后再通過具體的論據(jù)去證明論點，論據(jù)有時候既有正面的論據(jù)，也有反面的論據(jù)，最后總結(jié)全文。②導(dǎo)入式提出論點。先通過敘述生活中的一件具體的事情或描述生活中的現(xiàn)象，然后根據(jù)事情或現(xiàn)象所反映的問題提出自己的論點，再用具體的論據(jù)去證明自己的論點。③最后提出論點。有些議論文一開始作者僅僅是列舉生活中的現(xiàn)象，不表明自己的觀點，而是通過對具體現(xiàn)象的分析，最后得出一種結(jié)論。關(guān)注尾段尾段通常照應(yīng)論點Oneoftheeasiestthingsintheworldistobecomeafault-finder.However，lifecanbe1whenyouarenotbusyfindingfaultwithit.SeveralyearsagoI2aletterfromseventeen-year-oldKerry，whodescribedherselfasaworld-classfault-finder，almostalways3bythings.Peoplewerealwaysdoingthingsthatannoyedher，andnothingwasevergoodenough.Shewashighlyself-criticalandalsofoundfaultwithherfriends.Unfortunately，ittookahorribleaccidenttochangeher4.Herbestfriendwasseriouslyhurtinacarcrash.Whatmadeitalmost5todealwithwasthatthedaybeforethe6，Kerryhadvisitedherfriendandhadspentthewholetimecriticizingher7ofboyfriends，thewayshewasliving，thewaysherelatedtohermother，andvariousotherthings.Itwasn’tuntilherfriendwasbadlyhurtthatKerrybecame8herhabitoffindingfault.Veryquickly，shelearnedtoappreciateliferatherthanto9everythingsoharshly(刻薄)．Perhapsmostofusaren’tasextremeatfault-finding，10whenwe’rehonest，wecanbesharply11oftheworld.I’mnotsuggestingyou12problems，orthatyoupretendthingsare13thantheyare，butsimplythatyoulearntoallowthingstobeastheyare—atleastmostofthetime，andespeciallywhenit’snotareallybig14.Trainyourselfto“biteyourtongue”，andwithalittle15，you’llgetreallygoodatlettingthingsgo.Andwhenyoudo，you’llgetbackyourenthusiasmandloveforlife.1．A.lonely B．greatC．quiet D．uneasy2．A.received B．a(chǎn)nsweredC．expected D．rejected3．A.threatened B．interruptedC．bothered D．spoiled4．A.attitude B．planC．measure D．explanation5．A.urgent B．unnecessaryC．certain D．impossible6．A.occasion B．eventC．a(chǎn)ccident D．a(chǎn)dventure7．A.memory B．noticeC．evidence D．choice8．A.awareof B．a(chǎn)fraidofC．curiousabout D．confusedabout9．A.discuss B．realizeC．judge D．settle10．A.so B．orC．but D．for11．A.proud B．sureC．hopeful D．critical12．A.face B．createC．solve D．ignore13．A.rarer B．betterC．stranger D．worse14．A.task B．dealC．result D．duty15．A.practice B．speechC．rest D．pity文本整體感知中心思想文章通過講述克里從一個吹毛求疵的人變?yōu)橐粋€學(xué)會欣賞生活的人，告訴我們“要管好你的嘴”，尋回昔日對生活的熱情。敘述角度第一人稱和第三人稱寫作順序時間順序?qū)懽饕豠fault-finder；Kerry；acarcrash；criticize；biteyourtongue；enthusiasm寫作目的體現(xiàn)了“人與自我——不斷學(xué)習(xí)，不斷完善自我”的主題技法九巧排除，降難度在掌握文章大意和細節(jié)的前提下，考生可以通過試填試題中的選項選出最吻合語境、最銜接語義的選項，這種解題方法被稱為“排除錯項”。真題體驗(2020·浙江7月)...thetractorheadingtowardsthe44.motorway.Irandesperatelybutfailedto45.Itcrashedthroughawoodenfenceanddisappeared.45．A.takeoff B．catchupC．holdback D．getout技法十由熟詞，知生義一詞多義和熟詞生義是近幾年高考不斷出現(xiàn)的詞匯活用現(xiàn)象。備考時應(yīng)注意單詞本義以及根據(jù)詞根推斷單詞生僻意義。本文第14題deal熟義是“大量”，此處考查生義abigdeal“重要的事情”。真題體驗1(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)So45.insteadoftyinghimup，Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46—hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old，however，did.46．A.worked B．happenedC．mattered D．changed真題體驗2(2022·浙江1月)MsBurdeyney53thatshewashopingtodomorefortheresearchproject.“Ijustwanttobring54.lightintopeople’seyesandthisisjustthe55.beginning.Thereisstillalongwaytogo.”53．A.commented B．learnedC．reminded D．a(chǎn)ddedParentsfeelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers.Thenagain，teenagershave1feelingsabouttheirparents，sayingthatitisnoteasylivingwiththem.Accordingtoarecentresearch，themostcommon2betweenparentsandteenagersisthatregardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks.Ontheonehand，parentsgomadover3rooms，clothesthrownonthefloorandtheirchildren’srefusaltohelpwiththe4.Ontheotherhand，teenagerslosetheirpatiencecontinuallywhenparentsblamethemfor5thetowelinthebathroom，notcleaninguptheirroomorrefusingtodotheshoppingatthesupermarket.Theresearch，conductedbySt.GeorgeUniversity，showsthatdifferentparentshavedifferent6totheseproblems.However，someapproachesaremore7thanothers.Forexample，thoseparentswhoyellattheirchildrenfortheiruntidiness，but8cleantheroomforthem，havefewerchancesofchangingtheirchildren’s9.Onthecontrary，thosewholetteenagersexperiencethe10oftheiractionscandobetter.Forexample，whenteenagerswhodon’thelptheirparentswiththeshoppingdon’tfindtheirfavoritedrinkintherefrigerator，theyareforcedto11theiractions.Psychologistssaythat12isthemostimportantthinginparent-childrelationships.Parentsshould13totheirchildrenbutatthesametimetheyshouldlendaneartowhattheyhavetosay.Parentsmay14theirchildrenwhentheyareuntidybuttheyshouldalsounderstandthattheirroomistheirownprivatespace.Communicationisatwo-wayprocess.Itisonlybylisteningtoand15eachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.1．A.natural B．strongC．guilty D．similar2．A.interest B．a(chǎn)rgumentC．link D．knowledge3．A.