第2講微觀剖析突破讀后續(xù)寫技法一如何利用文本特征讀出有效信息讀后續(xù)寫基本以記敘文為主，記敘文是以記人、敘事、寫景、狀物為主，以寫人物的經(jīng)歷和事物發(fā)展變化為主要內(nèi)容的一種文體形式。要寫好續(xù)寫文章，理解文本是第一步。對于記敘文閱讀，要注意以下幾個方面。1．抓住記敘文的六要素即人物、時間、地點、事件的起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果，讀后續(xù)寫所提供的文本除了結(jié)果這一要素之外，把其余五個要素敘述得清清楚楚。因此閱讀文本時要緊扣這五個要素。2．掌握記敘文的三大線索即時間線、情節(jié)線和感情線。閱讀文本時要抓住這三條主線。必要時可以列出這些線索，以更好地理解文章，為續(xù)寫做好準備。只有對原文的脈絡(luò)線索和段落結(jié)構(gòu)有正確的和深刻的理解，續(xù)寫的內(nèi)容才能和原文骨肉相連，契合緊密。3．把握文章主旨及故事的發(fā)展方向這一點至關(guān)重要。只有把握了文章的主旨意圖，才能很好地完成續(xù)寫。確保續(xù)寫的內(nèi)容和原文要有邏輯上的一致性，并能回應(yīng)原文的信息。4．分析文章的用詞特點和行文風格以使續(xù)寫的內(nèi)容在語言色彩和行文風格上與所給文章保持一致。(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroute(路線)throughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid，whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn’twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim，”heexplaineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot，andlethimdecide.”Ibitbackmyfrustration(懊惱)．Iknewthecoachmeantwell—hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted，Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme，hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren，butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger—that’sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice，andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren，hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool，IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Wesatdownnexttoeachother，butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.信息整合1．抓住文本五要素人物：David，I(aspecialeducationteacher)，thecoach時間：onthedayofthebigcross-countryrun地點：atthestartingline起因：Davidhadabraindiseaseandhewasworriedthatstudentsfromotherschoolsmightlaughathim.經(jīng)過：ThoughDavidpracticedhard，hedecidednottotakepartinthecross-countryrun.2．理清文章三大線索時間線：thedayofthebigcross-countryrun→finally→then→aftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted情節(jié)線：選手們在起跑線前熱身→David一個人站在遠離跑道的籬笆前→我詢問David和教練為什么放棄比賽→我非常了解David面對的挑戰(zhàn)并為他的堅強感到自豪。感情線：happy→confused→frustrated→determined3．把握文章主旨，推測故事發(fā)展方向本文的主題語境屬于“人與自我”。文章講述了學校正在舉辦越野賽，參賽選手是來自七所小學的學生。其中一名學生David患有腦部疾病，走路和跑步和其他學生不太一樣。同學校的學生們和他相處很和諧，并不覺得他有什么不一樣的。因此，David很自然地報名參加了比賽。但是，David害怕來自其他學校的學生嘲笑他，在比賽開始之前猶豫了。主人公作為學校的特殊教育老師，清楚地知道David面對的挑戰(zhàn)。續(xù)寫部分應(yīng)該是鼓勵David參加比賽，以及參賽的過程和比賽的最后結(jié)果。4．分析用詞特點和行文風格文章側(cè)重動作描寫，運用了大量的動詞(短語)，如warmingup，lookedaround，spotted，walkedover，hesitated，bitback，faced等，句式長短結(jié)合，并有一些情感類心理描寫與情節(jié)敘述，渲染了賽場既興奮又緊張的氣氛；生動形象地描述了David平時所做的努力，畫面感強。續(xù)寫時要側(cè)重動作與心理描寫。范文賞讀Wesatdownnexttoeachother，butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.Withsilencehangingheavilyintheair，heduckeddownhishead.Itseemedthathewantedtojointherunfromthebottomofhisheart.SoIpattedhimontheshoulderandsaid，“Youwanttorun，right？”Upsetandhesitant，henoddedslowly.Toencouragehim，Iwhisperedtohimthathewoulddefinitelydoagoodjobsincehehadpracticedsohard.Hearingthesewords，heraisedhishead，withhiseyeswet.Igavehimabigthumb-up，whichmadehimgatherhiscourageanddecidedtorun.Hewipedouthistearsandstoodup，straighteninghissmallbodyandmovingthroughthecrowds.IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.Whenhesethisfootontheline，Iwasworriedthatotherchildrenwouldlaughathim，sincesomanykidsgazedathimwithcuriouseyes.However，sodeterminedwasDavidthatheignoredeverythingaroundhim，onlywatchingforward.Whenthewhistlerang，hetriedhisbesttorunasfastaspossible.Thoughthecross-countryrunwastough，hemadeit.Tooursurprise，whenhecrossedthefinishingline，thecrowdsburstintoapplause.Davidgavemeabearhug，revealinghisusualtoothysmile.Itwashisbraveheartandstrongfaiththatcouldmakesomethingunusualhappenfinally.①語言風格與原文一致，側(cè)重動作和心理描寫；②豐富的動作類動詞(短語)：duckeddown，patted，nodded，whisperedto，wipedout，gazedat，crossed等；③豐富的形容詞與副詞：heavily，upset，hesitant，slowly，definitely，worried，determined，finally等；④高級句式：Withsilencehangingheavilyintheair是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語；Hearingthesewords是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時間狀語；sodeterminedwasDavidthat...為倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；Itwashisbraveheartandstrongfaiththat...為強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)。(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AMOTHER’SDAYSURPRISEThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother’sDay.HowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.Thebigdaycameatlast.Thealarmrangat6a．m.Thepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchen.Theydecidedtoboiltheporridgefirst.TheyputsomericeintoapotofwaterandleftittoboilwhiletheymadetheFrenchtoast.Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateandaddedinsomemilk.Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.Next，Jeffturnedonthesecondstoveburnertoheatupthefryingpan.EverythingwasgoingsmoothlyuntilJeffstartedfryingthebread.Thepanwastoohotandthebreadturnedblackwithinseconds.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.Thistime，sheturneddownthefiresoitcookednicely.ThenJeffnoticedsteamshootingoutofthepotandthelidstartingtoshake.Thenextminute，theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Thankfully，Jeffstayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.Butthestovewasamessnow.JennatoldJefftocleanitupsotheycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.ButJeff’shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennamadehimputhishandincoldwater.Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning.Ohdear!Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment，theirfatherappeared.Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherup.信息整合1．抓住文本五要素人物：時間：地點：起因：經(jīng)過：2．理清文章三大線索時間線：beforeMother’sDay→→first→→then→情節(jié)線：母親節(jié)前雙胞胎姐弟計劃給媽媽做頓早飯當做母親節(jié)的禮物→→一開始做湯的時候還很順利→→這時湯溢出來了，把爐火澆滅了→→弟弟不小心手碰到了鍋，燙著了→感情線：excited→→calm→3．把握文章主旨，推測故事發(fā)展方向本文的主題語境屬于“人與自我”。文章講述了。4．分析用詞特點和行文風格文章側(cè)重動作描寫，運用了大量的動詞(短語)，如等，句式長短結(jié)合，生動形象地描述了兩人做飯的過程，畫面感強。并有一些情感類心理描寫與情節(jié)敘述，渲染了既快樂又緊張的氣氛。續(xù)寫時要側(cè)重動作與心理描寫。范文賞讀Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment，theirfatherappeared.Seeingthemessinthekitchen，heimmediatelyunderstoodwhathadhappened，buthewasn’tupset.Instead，heappliedsomemedicinetoJeff’shand，andthensetouttohelpthemcleanupthemess，throwingawaytheburnttoast.Next，theybegantomakebreakfast，andbynowthetwinslookedcheerful.Beforelong，theporridgewasready.Theirfatherinstructedthemtofrytherestofthebread.Soon，thebreakfastwasready，too.Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherup.Openinghereyes，shecouldn’tbelievewhatshehadseen.Beforeshecouldaskanyquestion，theirfatherturnedupandtoldhiswifeabouthowthetwinshadmadepreparationstogiveherthesurprisebreakfast，andwhattroubletheyhadgonethroughwhenmakingtheporridgeandtoast.Disbeliefgavewaytoexcitementandpride.Huggingtheminherarms，shesaid，“Thankyou，children.It’ssuchanunforgettableMother’sDayforme.”①語言風格與原文一致，側(cè)重描寫；②豐富的動作類動詞(短語)：_____________________等；③豐富的形容詞與副詞：____________________等；④高級句式：Seeingthemessinthekitchen是作時間狀語；shecouldn’tbelievewhatshehadseen是含有的復(fù)合句；⑤修辭手法：Disbeliefgavewaytoexcitementandpride.技法二如何利用所給信息推測后續(xù)情節(jié)做讀后續(xù)寫時，對所給文本后面的故事情節(jié)及故事結(jié)尾的推斷是寫好讀后續(xù)寫的前提。高考所給的讀后續(xù)寫形式是半開放性的，這種形式既可以讓考生充分發(fā)揮想象力，又能讓考生有章可循。考生在推測后續(xù)情節(jié)時一般根據(jù)兩個方面：第一是所給文章的情節(jié)，特別是伏筆之處；第二是所給每段的首句。1．根據(jù)文章的情節(jié)和伏筆進行預(yù)測。讀后續(xù)寫所給文章的情節(jié)一般較為曲折，因此要把握故事情節(jié)，尤其注意所給文章結(jié)尾處的伏筆，能幫助我們預(yù)測續(xù)寫第一段的內(nèi)容。2．利用所給每段的首句進行預(yù)測。所給第一段的首句既能承接上文，也是本段的起始句，通過對與這句話銜接內(nèi)容的預(yù)測，可知第一段要寫的內(nèi)容是什么。由第二段的首句既可以推測第一段的結(jié)尾內(nèi)容，還可以預(yù)測第二段的內(nèi)容，尤其注意結(jié)尾一定是圓滿的、皆大歡喜的內(nèi)容或者正能量的結(jié)局。(2022·浙江1月改編)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenDr.Hendersonwasassigning(指定)projectmatesforhispsychologyclass，IsecretlyhopedthathewouldpairmewithmybestfriendoratleastaclassmateIcouldhavesomefunwith.Aboveall，Ihopedhewouldn’tassignmetoworkwiththefiercelycompetitiveandextremelyseriousfellowwhoalwaysworedarkclothesandapparentlyhadapersonalitytomatch.Asfate(命運)wouldhaveit，Dr.HendersonverydeliberatelymatchedeveryoneinclassandannouncedthatIwouldbeworkingwiththeonepersoninclassIwantedtoavoid.Iwentuptomynewteammateandintroducedmyself.HelookedatmeasthoughIweren’tthere.IfelthetreatedmeasthoughIwouldholdhimbackandprobablymakehimfailtogetanAinthecourse.Hewasn’tmeanorabusive;hejustgavemetheimpressionthathecoulddowhateverprojectwedreamedupbetterifhediditalone.Needlesstosay，Ididn’tlookforwardtoanentiretermofbeingbrushedoff，butItriedtomakethebestofitanddidn’tsayanythingforfearthatIwouldmakethingsworse.Theprojectrequiredeachteamtodevelopahypothesis(假說)，setupanexperimenttotestthehypothesis，dothestatisticalanalysisandpresentthefindings.Whatevergradetheteamreceivedwouldbesharedbybothstudents.WhenmyteammateandImettodiscussourproject，Iwasuneasy.Herewasthischallengingstudentwhohadareputationforsingle-mindednessandgoodgrades—theexactoppositeofme.Iactuallywantedtodroptheclassatonepoint，butstoppedshortbecauseIdidn’twanttogivehimthesatisfactionofmychickeningout.Idecidedtosticktoitnomatterwhat.Afterlongdiscussionswesomehowagreedtodoastudyonthepsychologicalwell-beingofteenagers.Iwasn’tsurewhatitmeantexactly，butatleastwehadatopic.注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Westartedtomeetregularlytodrawupourplans.OnedayIgotwordthathewasadmittedtohospitalforaseriousdisease.讀文預(yù)測1．根據(jù)文章情節(jié)找伏筆，預(yù)測續(xù)寫內(nèi)容本文以故事發(fā)展為線索，講述了作者的心理學老師為學生安排了研究項目，并指定了合作伙伴，最后的項目得分兩人平分。作者希望老師給自己指派一位關(guān)系好的同學合作，但恰恰相反，老師給作者安排了他最不愿意與其合作的那個人一組。兩個人沒有共同語言，對方很強勢。但是不管怎樣，兩人最終確定了研究的項目和議題。在所給的文本信息里，已經(jīng)為下文續(xù)寫內(nèi)容埋下了伏筆，就是文章的最后一段“Afterlongdiscussionswesomehowagreedtodoastudyonthepsychologicalwell-beingofteenagers.Iwasn’tsurewhatitmeantexactly，butatleastwehadatopic.”由此可以推測續(xù)寫內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是兩個人如何進行項目研究以及最后的結(jié)果。2．根據(jù)所給首句，大膽設(shè)問，進行預(yù)測由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我們開始定期見面，制定我們的(研究項目)計劃?！笨芍?，這一段可以寫“我們”是如何制定計劃的，又是如何商量的，兩人合作是否愉快，項目推進是否順利。我們可以大膽設(shè)問：(1)Didweshareourideaswitheachother?(2)Wouldthatboyliketoacceptmyopinions?(3)WhatshouldIdowhenheignoredmyadvice?(4)HowwouldIfeelwhenheignoredmyadvice?根據(jù)這四個問題，第一段就有內(nèi)容可寫了。由第二段首句內(nèi)容“一天我得到消息說他得了重病住進了醫(yī)院?！笨芍?，這一段可以寫“我”去醫(yī)院看望他，他很感動，因此愿意與“我”合作并聽取“我”的意見，“我們”的項目進展很順利，如期完成并取得了滿意的結(jié)果。我們可以大膽設(shè)問：(1)HowwouldIfeelwhenIgotthenewsthathewasadmittedtohospitalforaseriousdisease?(2)DidIgotothehospitaltoseehim?(3)Howwouldhefeelwhenhesawmeinhisward?(4)Howdidwedotheprojectfromthenon?(5)Wastheprojectcompletedontime?(6)Wastheteachersatisfiedwithourproject?(7)Whatdidwelearnfromtheproject?這樣，根據(jù)設(shè)問，整理答案，適當擴充，再運用恰當?shù)膭幼髅鑼?、心理描寫和一些高級句式、高級表達，用上適當?shù)倪^渡詞語，就組成一篇完整的文章了。范文賞讀Westartedtomeetregularlytodrawupourplans.ThoughIwantedtosharemyideaswithhimfully，IfailedtodosoforfearthatIwouldholdhimback.Ijustkeptnoddingwhenheaskedmewhetherit’sOKtodothiswayorthatway.Ithoughtitwasimpossibletopersuadehimintoacceptingmyviews，soIdidn’twanttowasteourtimetodiscuss.Istartedtowaittoleaveimmediatelywearrivedattheplace，andsodidhe.Ijusthopedthatthepresentationdaycouldcomeearlier.OnedayIgotwordthathewasadmittedtohospitalforaseriousdisease.IfeltsosorrytohearthatandIthoughtIshouldvisithiminanycase.HewasalittlesurprisedtoseemewhenIsteppedintohiswardwithsomeflowersandfruits.Iofferedtodotherestworkofourprojectandheinvitedmetosharemyideastoperfectit.Webegantoworkasafineteamandfinallyfinishedourprojectontime.OurhardworkpaidoffandDr.Hendersonwasverysatisfiedwithourwonderfulfindings.Fromthisproject，wealsolearnedthesignificanceofteammates.Justasthesayinggoes，onepersoncangofar，butagroupofpersonscantravelfarther.(2022·河北張家口一模)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文?！癇esuretohangthedecorationshigh，”saidPolly，mystepmom.“Jakemightmistakethecolorfulglassballsforhistoysandtrytobitethem.”JakewasnewtoourfamilythatChristmas.Hewasabeautifulbrown-and-whitedog.And，ofcourse，hewasloadedwiththecuriositythatmadeeverythingatoy.TwoweeksbeforeChristmas，webroughtouttheboxesofdecorations，manyofwhichhadbeeninPolly’sfamilyforages.Amongthemwasaspecialboxthatheldanentiregingerbreadfamily(姜餅人)．Theywererealcookies，hungwithredribbons(絲帶)andmademanyyearsearlier.Everynowandthen，Ioroneofmylittlesisters—RuthandSue—wouldpretendweweregoingtoeatone，knowingthatPollywouldsay，“You’llbreakatooth!They’resooldthatthey’rerock-hard.”Wedidn’treallywanttoeatthem，butweenjoyedmakingfunofPolly.Sincewedidn’tknowhowJakewouldreacttothedecorationsortheChristmastree，wewerecarefultoputthedecorationsuphigh.Jakesniffed(嗅)thetreealot.Thosefirstcoupleofdays，Pollycaughthimstartingtoliftalegonthetreetwice.Buthelearnedquicklyandsettledforsniffingfromadistance.TheweekendbeforeChristmas，DadandPollytookustowatchthenewholidaymovie.Excited，wejumpedintothecarwithbagsofhome-madepopcorn，andoffwewentforagreatevening.Afewhourslater，wereturnedhome，onlytofind...aterriblemess.Itwasn’ttheChristmastree.Infact，weweren’tsurewhatitwas.Westoodjustinsidethedoorstaringatthemess.Asitturnedout，itwasJake’sbed，whichhe’ddestroyed.Leftaloneforthefirsttime，hemusthavegottenbored，attackeditandleftitfordead.Wedidn’tknowthatthebedwasnottheonlyvictim.注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Thenextmorning，wegirlswereplayinginthelivingroomwhenRuthletoutasuddencry.“Itwasn’tme，”Isaid，incaseanybodythoughtI’dhadamidnightsnackofrock-harddecorations.讀文預(yù)測1．根據(jù)文章情節(jié)找伏筆，預(yù)測續(xù)寫內(nèi)容本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者家在圣誕節(jié)期間的有趣故事。剛來到家里的小狗Jake對一切都充滿好奇。盡管在裝飾圣誕樹的時候，一家人把裝飾品掛得很高，以防被Jake破壞，但是在一家人外出的時候，小狗自己在家還是搞了破壞。表面上只是把他自己的床鋪弄亂了，但是文章最后一段最后一句話“Wedidn’tknowthatthebedwasnottheonlyvictim.”為下文內(nèi)容埋下了伏筆：小狗破壞的不僅僅是他的床，還有其他的東西。上文提及了媽媽帶來的作為裝飾的姜餅餅干，小狗多次從遠處嗅聞它，這也為后面的續(xù)寫埋下了伏筆。所以我們可以預(yù)測續(xù)寫內(nèi)容應(yīng)該為：2．根據(jù)所給首句，大膽設(shè)問，進行預(yù)測由第一段首句內(nèi)容“第二天早上，我們幾個女孩在客廳里玩耍，Ruth突然叫了一聲?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫Jake造成的其他破壞，特別是毀掉了姜餅裝飾品?？梢赃M行如下設(shè)問：(1)(2)(3)由第二段首句內(nèi)容“‘不是我，’我說，以防有人以為我吃了一些堅硬的裝飾品?！笨芍诙慰擅鑼懽髡吆徒忝枚挤裾J是自己做的這些事情，最后真相大白，這些都是Jake毀掉的?？梢赃M行如下設(shè)問：(4)(5)(6)(7)范文賞讀Thenextmorning，wegirlswereplayinginthelivingroomwhenRuthletoutasuddencry.“Hey，whobrokeGingerbreadBaby？”Ruthasked.ThatbroughtPollytothelivingroomfast.“Where?Showme！”Ruthpointedattheformerbabycookie，whichwasnowjustahead，stilltiedtothetreebyitsredribbon.“Here’sanotherbrokenone，”saidSue.It’sGingerbreadGrandpa.Oritwas.Nowit’sjusthisheadandhat.Thatcausedsomeinspection，andsoonitwasclearthatallthegingerbreadmenwerenowjustgingerbreadheads.“Itwasn’tme，”Isaid，incaseanybodythoughtI’dhadamidnightsnackofrock-harddecorations.Quickly，mysistersmadedenialsoftheirown.ThenwegirlsandPollyalllookedatJake.Untilthatmoment，JakehadbeensittingbyDad，lookinghappyasever.Suddenly，hisposturechanged.Guiltspreadoverhisface.Withhisheadbowedalittle，hetriednottomeetPolly’seyes，butitwasclearwhathadhappened.Itwasasifhewerewearingasignthatsaid，“Ikilledanentiregingerbreadfamily.”技法三如何打造續(xù)寫的龍頭和鳳尾高分開頭5招如何寫好讀后續(xù)寫，在高考中博取閱卷老師的眼球，獲得夢寐以求的高分？如何讓學生的作品在高考中脫穎而出？這是很多老師和學生一直不懈努力的課題。一個好的故事開頭就好比是一個香味十足的誘餌，誘使讀者上鉤并且饒有趣味地讀完。而一個拙劣的故事開頭，一定會讓讀者大倒胃口，懨懨欲睡。“Wellbegunishalfdone！”可見寫一個好的故事開頭是多么的重要。下面教你五招高分開頭的方式。招式1巧用形容詞/副詞(短語)①Happilyandexcitedly，theywenttothesupermarketforwhattheyneeded.②Wornout，Davidreachedthefinishinglineandallthestudentscheeredupforhim.(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)③Curioustoknowwhatwasinside，hetiptoedintothedarkcave.④Afewminuteslater，thebearheadedbacktoourcamp.Thebearroaredatus，ourfrightenedmouthswideopen.(2020·浙江7月)招式2巧用分詞(短語)①Seeingthemessinthekitchen，heimmediatelyunderstoodwhathadhappened，buthewasn’tupset.(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)②Witheverythingready，Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.Feelingshy，Bernarddidn’tdaretopeddle(叫賣)hispopcorn.(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)③Thinkingitwasimpossibletopersuadehimintoacceptingmyviews，Ididn’twanttowasteourtimetodiscuss.(2022·浙江1月)④Sittingontheroadsidewithhisheaddown，Davidkeptsilent.(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)⑤Hearingmywords，Davidbeamedabigsmile，stoodupandmovedtowardsthestartingline.(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)⑥Lookingathisdeterminedface，Iwastouchedbyhiscourage.(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)招式3巧用高級句式①Iwasstuckforfiveorsixminutesthoughitfeltmuchlonger.Mybrothercameupwithanideathathecouldcutthepumpkinwithaknife.(同位語從句)(2021·浙江1月)②WhenMrsMeredithheardofJohn’sidea，shethoughtitwasagoodone，too.SotheytookimmediateactionasJohnhadproposed.(時間狀語從句)(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)③Attheverymoment，thehelicopterarrived.Ithoveredoverthecamp，causingstrongwindthatblewthebearunsteadyonhisfeet.(非謂語動詞＋定語從句)(2020·浙江7月)④IgnorewhattheplayersfromotherteamswouldsayandIbelieveyoucouldmakeit.(賓語從句)(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)⑤Igavehimabigthumb-up，whichmadehimgatherhiscourageanddecidedtorun.(非限制性定語從句)(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)招式4巧用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)①Dadopenedtheboxandasweetlittledogappeared.HardlyhadthelittledogcomeoutwhenPoppycameovertolickitasifitwerealong-lostfriend.(2020·浙江1月)②However，sodeterminedwasDavidthatheignoredeverythingaroundhim，onlywatchingforward.(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)③Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.Igotafright，sodidmyhorse.(2018·浙江6月)招式5巧用強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)①ThatvideowaspostedthedaybeforeHalloween.Itwasmybrotherwhodidthatforamusement.(2021·浙江1月)②Afewminuteslater，thebearcameback.Itwaswithgreatstrengththatthebearshookandtorethefence.(2020·浙江7月)③Itwashisbraveheartandstrongfaiththatcouldmakesomethingunusualhappenfinally.(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)漂亮結(jié)尾5法續(xù)寫不能虎頭蛇尾，結(jié)尾也要用心設(shè)計。由于文章的故事性、情節(jié)性強，所以續(xù)寫的結(jié)尾可以是自然的升華議論，亦可以是其他方式結(jié)尾。常見的結(jié)尾方式有五種，即畫面定格、對話收尾、主題升華、結(jié)尾留白和首尾呼應(yīng)。1．畫面定格法(1)人物動作的畫面定格①Slowly，almostreluctantly，sheplacedherarmwithapparentlyunaccustomedaffectionaroundhermother’sshouldersandgentlyguidedherbackintothecrowd.慢慢地，幾乎是不情愿地，她的胳膊摟住母親的肩膀，明顯帶著生疏，輕輕地引導她回到人群中。②NeverhadDorareceivedsuchagift.Speechlessandhappy，sheheldhersontightlyintoherarms，withtearswellingupinhereyes.朵拉從來沒有收到過這樣的禮物。她高興得說不出話來，把兒子緊緊地抱在懷里，淚水奪眶而出。③Thenthebutterflywouldstaytogetherwithherloverforever.Onthetopofthemountain，sheseemedtoenjoythesunriseandthesunsethappilywiththem.然后蝴蝶就會和她的愛人永遠待在一起。在山頂上，她似乎和他們一起愉快地享受著日出和日落。(2)特殊寓意的寫景畫面①Theskywasabillionpureeyesoflightandthegrassgreenunderfoot，itwasasifnightanddayhadbecomeonebeautifulmoment.Dawnhadcome.天空像是十億只純凈的眼睛拼接在一起，腳下是青草，仿佛黑夜和白晝已成為一個美麗的時刻。黎明已經(jīng)來臨。(黎明到來的畫面)②ThecrystalandceruleanwaterwasgentleasIwadedthroughit，thesunsetlikeorangepaintonabluecanvas.當我涉水而過的時候，清澈湛藍的海水變得溫柔起來，日落就像藍色畫布上的橙色顏料。(日落時的美好畫面)③Themoonundersiegebystarsseemedtolightenthenight，bringingforthstarsthatshoneandhungintheblackness.Theneverendingblacknessconsumedeverything.被群星圍困的月亮似乎照亮了黑夜，帶來了在黑暗中閃耀和懸掛著的群星。無盡的黑暗吞噬了一切。(描寫夜空的畫面)④Lookingup，IsawthesunshinebrighterthanIeverknewbefore.抬頭一看，我看到太陽比我以前所知道的還要明亮。(特殊寓意)⑤Adenseearthlysweetsmellrisesfromtheground，envelopingeverythingwithinitssoftembrace.一股濃郁的泥土般的芬芳從地上升起，把一切都包裹在它柔軟的懷抱里。(雨后清新的畫面)2．對話收尾法(1)Whenaskedhowthereunionwithhisfatherwillchangehislife，Chestersaid，“Igotfamilyeverywhere，soitmightleadtomanymoretripsnow.”當被問及與父親團聚將如何改變他的生活時，切斯特說：“我的家人無處不在，所以現(xiàn)在可能會引出更多的旅行。”(2)“Evennow，Icanhardlybelievethisdogtraveledsuchalongdistancetofindus，”saidNina，“Iwouldnevergivethiskindoffriendawayagain.Inevergrowtiredofrepeatingthis—animalsarethemostdevotedandlovingcreatures.Theyneedourloveandcare.”“即使是現(xiàn)在，我也簡直不敢相信這只狗走了這么遠的距離尋找我們，”尼娜說，“我再也不會放棄這種朋友了。我從來沒有厭倦過重復(fù)這句話——動物是最忠誠和最可愛的生物。他們需要我們的愛和關(guān)心。”(3)Theyhungallthethingsbacktothewall.JackaskedPaisley，“Areyoureallywillingtoleadatoughlifewithme？”Shepattedawaytheashesonhandsandlookedatthewallswithloadsofstuffonthemsatisfactorily，saying，“Yes!Forme，itisnotasufferingtolive.”他們把所有的東西都掛在墻上。杰克問佩斯利：“你真的愿意和我一起過艱難的生活嗎？”她拍了拍手上的灰，滿意地看著掛滿東西的墻，說：“是的！對我來說，這樣的生活并不是一種痛苦?！?．主題升華法(1)Someday，whenIamolderandhavechildrenofmyown，IhopeIcanbejustasgreataparentasmymom.有一天，當我長大了，有了自己的孩子，我希望我能成為和我媽媽一樣偉大的母親。(母愛的深遠影響)(2)Inmyopinion，moneycan’ttaketheplaceofeverything，suchasyourlife，yourtimeandyourhappiness.在我看來，金錢不能取代一切，比如你的生活、時間和幸福。(表達自己的價值觀)(3)Asaproverbsays，“Everycoinhastwosides.”Makingfulluseofyourstrengthisyourachievement.Pleaserememberthatinnocasewillyougiveupespeciallyintrouble.正如諺語所說，“事物都有兩面性?！背浞掷媚愕牧α烤褪悄愕某删?。請記住，無論如何你都不要放棄，尤其是在困境中。(借用名言警句來升華主題)4．結(jié)尾留白法(1)“Wouldyoubeinterestedinjoiningmeinabitetoeat？”Iasked.“I’dloveto，”shereplied，hereyessparklinglikediamonds.And，thiswasthebeginningoftheendtomymonthsofheartbreakfollowingBetsy’sdeath.“你有興趣和我一起吃點東西嗎？”我問道。“我很樂意去，”她回答，眼睛像鉆石一樣閃閃發(fā)光。這是貝特西死后我?guī)讉€月的心碎終于慢慢愈合的開始。(故事結(jié)尾留白，給予讀者想象空間)(2)Heunwrappedthewhitetissuepaper，buttohissurprise，therewasnohardrockcandyinside.Instead，intohisfingersfellashinywhitepearlworththousandsofdollars.他打開包裝紙，但令他驚訝的是，里面沒有硬糖果。相反，一顆價值數(shù)千美元的閃閃發(fā)亮的白色珍珠落進了他的手指里。5．首尾呼應(yīng)法(1)開頭：Ihadaninterestingchildhood.Itwasfilledwithsurprisesandamusements，allbecauseofmymother—loving，sweet，yetabsent-mindedandforgetful.OnestrangefamilytripwetookwhenIwaseleventellsalotabouther.結(jié)尾：Despitemom’sbeingabsent-mindedandforgetful，shewasstillakindandnicemom.(2)開頭：Itwassummer，andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.HedecidedtotakemeonatriptotheWildWest.結(jié)尾：NeverhadIhadsuchathrillingyetdangerousvacationbefore.ThespecialtriptotheWildWestwasdeeplyengravedinmymind.(3)開頭：AfunnythinghappenedtoArthurwhenhewasonthewaytoworkoneday.結(jié)尾：Whatafunnyday！Arthurcouldn’tstoplaughingwheneverhelookedbackonthisfunnyexperience.完成下列句子1．回答不出老師的問題，所有學生們都保持沉默。(形容詞短語作狀語)，allthestudentskeptsilent.2．但當他向旁邊看時，他立刻發(fā)現(xiàn)那根本不是一只狗，而是一只狼，很快就趕上了他。(時間狀語從句和副詞)But，hesawthatitwasn’tadogatall，butawolf，catchingupwithhim.3．一團鮮紅的烏云籠罩著這只動物，讓馬克松了一口氣的是，它向后一退，搖著頭。(分詞作狀語)Abrightredcloudenvelopedtheanimal，andtoMac’srelief，itfellback，.4．爸爸建議我們沿著這條河走，它可能會把我們帶到農(nóng)舍，似乎沒有什么比這更好的了。(賓語從句和定語從句)Dadproposedandnothingseemedbetterthanthat.5．Poppy如此興奮，她想靠得更近，結(jié)果不小心撞倒了盒子。(倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))thatsheaccidentallyknockedovertheboxinanattempttogetcloser.6．果然，僅僅過了一會兒，這個毛球就從盒子里抬起頭來，偷看它的新家和新朋友。(強調(diào)句)Sureenough，theballoffurlifteditsheadoutoftheboxtopeekatitsnewhomeanditsnewfr