2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解沖刺試卷：歷2025年真題深度解析，提升閱讀能力考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，回答問題。ThePervasiveInfluenceofSocialMediaonModernIdentityInthedigitalera,socialmediaplatformshavebecomeinextricablywovenintothefabricofdailylife.Fromsharingpersonalmilestonestoconsumingnews,theseonlinespaceshavefundamentallyreshapedhowindividualsinteract,communicate,andperceivethemselvesandothers.Theimpactofsocialmediaonmodernidentityisprofoundandmultifaceted,influencingeverythingfromself-esteemtosocialmobility.Oneofthemostsignificanteffectsofsocialmediaonidentityisthecultivationofacuratedonlinepersona.Userscarefullyselectandpresentimages,posts,andinteractionsthatreflectadesiredself-image,oftenomittinglessdesirableaspectsoftheirlives.Thisprocess,whilepotentiallyempoweringinallowingforself-representation,canalsoleadtoadisconnectbetweentheonlineselfandtheofflinereality.Theconstantcomparisontothehighlightreelsofothers,meticulouslycraftedandamplifiedbyfiltersandediting,canfosterfeelingsofinadequacyandanxiety.Asoneresearchernoted,"Wepresentcuratedversionsofourselves,whichcancreateunrealisticexpectationsandaconstantneedforvalidation."Thisphenomenon,sometimestermed"socialmediaenvy,"canerodeself-esteemandcontributetomentalhealthchallengessuchasdepressionandloneliness.Furthermore,socialmediahastransformedthenatureofsocialinteraction.Whileithasmadeiteasiertomaintainconnectionsacrossdistances,ithasalsoarguablyledtoadeclineindeep,meaningfulengagement.Theephemeralnatureofonlinecommunication—characterizedbybriefposts,likes,andcomments—oftensupplantsmoresubstantialconversationsandsharedexperiences.Thisshiftcanresultinasuperficialunderstandingofbothoneselfandothers.Thelackofnonverbalcues,suchastoneofvoiceandbodylanguage,canfurthercomplicategenuinecommunication,leadingtomisunderstandingsandmisinterpretations.Aspeoplespendincreasingamountsoftimescrollingthroughfeeds,thequalityoftheirin-personinteractionsmaysuffer,potentiallyweakeningreal-worldsocialbonds.Thedemocratizationofcontentcreationisanotherwaysocialmediainfluencesidentity.PlatformslikeYouTube,TikTok,andInstagramhaveempoweredindividualstobecomecreators,sharingtheirexpertise,artistry,andperspectiveswithaglobalaudience.Thisshifthasblurredthelinesbetweenamateurandprofessional,allowingfordiversevoicestobeheardandforindividualstofindcommunitiesbasedonsharedinterestsratherthantraditionalsocialhierarchies.Formany,thisabilitytobuildanaudienceandgainrecognitiononlinehasbecomeasignificantsourceofidentityandself-worth.However,italsoraisesquestionsaboutthecommodificationofpersonalexpressionandthepotentialforexploitationwithinthesespaces.Finally,socialmedia'sroleinshapingpoliticalandsocialconsciousnesscannotbeoverlooked.Theseplatformshavebecomekeyarenasforactivism,allowingmovementstogaintractionandmobilizesupportrapidly.Foryoungergenerations,inparticular,socialmediahasbecomeaprimarysourceofinformationandaspaceforconstructingtheirpoliticalidentities.Yet,therapidspreadofmisinformationandtheechochambersformedbyalgorithmiccurationalsoposechallenges,potentiallyreinforcingbiasesandpolarizingviewpoints.Navigatingthesecomplexdigitallandscapesrequirescriticalmedialiteracyskills,whichareessentialforformingacoherentandinformedidentityinthemodernworld.Inconclusion,socialmedia'sinfluenceonmodernidentityispervasiveandcomplex.Whileitoffersunprecedentedopportunitiesforself-expression,connection,andcommunitybuilding,italsopresentssignificantchallenges.Thecuratednatureofonlineself-presentation,theshiftinsocialinteractionpatterns,thedemocratizationofcontentcreation,andtheroleinpoliticalconsciousnessallcontributetoanuancedunderstandingofhowdigitalplatformsshapewhoweare.Associetycontinuestoevolveinthedigitalage,navigatingtheseinfluencesthoughtfullywillbecrucialformaintainingahealthyandauthenticsenseofself.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesthecuratedonlinepersonacontributetoindividuals'self-perception?3.Theauthormentionsthe"ephemeralnatureofonlinecommunication"(第二段第三句)anditsimpactonsocialinteraction.Whatspecificeffectsdoesthepassagesuggestthishasonrelationshipsandunderstanding?4.Inwhatwaysdoesthepassagedescribetheimpactofsocialmediaontherelationshipbetweenamateurandprofessionalcontentcreation?5.Thepassagediscussesbothpositiveandnegativeaspectsofsocialmedia'sroleinshapingpoliticalandsocialconsciousness.Whataretwocontrastingeffectsmentioned,andhowdotheyrelatetoidentityformation?6.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whatskillisdescribedasessentialforindividualstonavigatethecomplexitiesofsocialmediaandformaninformedidentity?7.Howdoestheauthorstructuretheargumentinthepassage?Discusstherelationshipbetweentheintroductionandthebodyparagraphs.8.Thepassagementionsa"disconnectbetweentheonlineselfandtheofflinereality"(第二段第二句).結(jié)合文章其他部分，談談這種“disconnect”可能帶來的更深層次的社會影響或個人問題。9.Considertheconceptof"socialmediaenvy"(第二段末句).Ifsomeoneisexperiencingthis,accordingtothepassage,whataretwopotentialactionstheycouldtake,eithermentionedorimplied,tocounteractitsnegativeeffectsontheirself-esteem?10.Thepassageconcludesbyemphasizingtheimportanceofnavigatingsocialmediainfluencesthoughtfully.Drawingontheentirepassage,outlineabriefplanorsetofguidelinessomeonemightfollowtoachieveamore"healthyandauthenticsenseofself"inthedigitalage.第二部分新題型閱讀下面的兩篇短文，請根據(jù)其內(nèi)容填入每處空白處的最佳選項。每個選項包含一個詞。Text1:Theglobalclimatecrisisdemandsurgentandcoordinatedaction.Traditionalenergysources,primarilyfossilfuels,havelongbeenthebackboneofindustrialeconomies,providingreliableandrelativelyinexpensivepower.However,theircombustionreleasessignificantamountsofgreenhousegases,primarilycarbondioxide,drivingglobalwarmingandclimatechange.Transitioningawayfromthesefuelstowardsrenewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andhydroelectricpowerisessentialforasustainablefuture.Severalchallengeshinderthistransition.Theinitialinvestmentrequiredforrenewableenergyinfrastructureissubstantial,representingasignificantfinancialburdenforgovernmentsandprivateentities.Furthermore,renewableenergysourcesareinherentlyintermittent;solarpowerisdependentonsunlight,andwindpoweronwindpatterns,meaningtheydonotproduceaconstant,predictableoutput.Thisvariabilityposeschallengesforgridstabilityandrequiresthedevelopmentofadvancedenergystoragesolutionsandsophisticatedgridmanagementtechnologies.Additionally,theexistingenergyinfrastructureisheavilygearedtowardsfossilfuels,andretrofittingorreplacingitisacomplexandcostlyendeavor.Despitetheseobstacles,thetransitiontorenewableenergyisnotonlynecessarybutalsoincreasinglyfeasible.Technologicaladvancementshavesignificantlyreducedthecostofsolarpanelsandwindturbinesoverthepastdecade,makingthemincreasinglycompetitivewithtraditionalenergysources.Governmentsworldwideareimplementingpoliciesandincentivestoencouragetheadoptionofrenewables,suchastaxcredits,subsidies,andrenewableportfoliostandards.Moreover,publicawarenessandconcernaboutclimatechangearegrowing,placingpressureonpolicymakerstoactdecisively.Thedevelopmentofnewstoragetechnologies,likebatteries,isalsorapidlyimproving,mitigatingtheintermittencyissue.Thebenefitsoftransitioningtorenewableenergyextendbeyondcombatingclimatechange.Itcanstimulateeconomicgrowthbycreatingnewindustriesandjobsinthecleanenergysector.Itcanimprovepublichealthbyreducingairpollutionassociatedwithfossilfuelcombustion,leadingtofewerrespiratoryandcardiovasculardiseases.Finally,itcanenhanceenergysecuritybyreducingdependenceonvolatileglobalmarketsforfinitefossilfuelresources.Inconclusion,whilethetransitiontorenewableenergypresentssignificantchallenges,thecompellingreasonsfordoingso—environmental,economic,andhealth-related—makeitacriticalpriorityforthefutureofourplanet.Text2:Intherealmofartificialintelligence(AI),naturallanguageprocessing(NLP)standsoutasafieldfocusedonenablingcomputerstounderstand,interpret,andgeneratehumanlanguage.TheadvancementsinNLPhavebeentransformative,findingapplicationsincountlessareas,fromvirtualassistantsandmachinetranslationtosentimentanalysisandautomatedcontentcreation.Thesetechnologiesarepoweredbysophisticatedalgorithms,oftenbasedondeeplearningmodels,whichcanprocessvastamountsoftextualdatatoidentifypatterns,relationships,andnuances.OneofthemostsignificantbreakthroughsinNLPhasbeenthedevelopmentoflargelanguagemodels(LLMs).Thesemodels,trainedonmassivedatasetscomprisingdiversetextsfromtheinternetandliterature,havedemonstratedremarkablecapabilitiesingeneratingcoherentandcontextuallyrelevanttext.Theycanperformtaskslikesummarizingarticles,answeringquestions,writingdifferentkindsofcreativecontent,andevenengaginginconversationalexchanges.TheversatilityofLLMshassparkedexcitementabouttheirpotentialtoautomatecomplexlanguage-basedtasksandaugmenthumancapabilities.However,theriseofpowerfulNLPsystemsalsoraisesimportantethicalconsiderations.Thedatausedtotrainthesemodelscaninadvertentlycontainbiasespresentinsociety,leadingtothemodelsproducingbiasedorharmfuloutputs.EnsuringfairnessandmitigatingbiasinAIsystemsisacriticalchallengethatrequirescarefuldatasetcuration,algorithmictransparency,andongoingmonitoring.Privacyconcernsalsoloomlarge,asNLPsystemsoftenrequireaccesstolargeamountsofpersonaldatatofunctioneffectively.Protectingthisdataandusingitresponsiblyareparamount.Furthermore,thepotentialformisuseofpowerfullanguagemodels,suchasgeneratingmisinformationorengaginginmanipulativecommunication,necessitatesthedevelopmentofrobustsafeguardsandethicalguidelines.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureofNLPappearspromising.Ongoingresearchisfocusedonimprovingtheaccuracy,robustness,andinterpretabilityofNLPmodels.EffortsarebeingmadetodevelopmoreethicalAIsystemsthatarefair,transparent,andaccountable.ThereisalsosignificantinterestinmakingNLPtechnologiesmoreaccessible,particularlyinareaswherelanguagebarriershindercommunicationandaccesstoinformation.AsNLPcontinuestoevolve,itholdsthepotentialtofurtherbridgethegapbetweenhumanandmachinecommunication,openingupnewpossibilitiesforinteraction,understanding,andcollaboration.Instructions:Foreachblank,choosetheword(A,B,C,orD)thatbestfitsintothetext.Theglobalclimatecrisisdemandsurgentandcoordinatedaction.Traditionalenergysources,primarilyfossilfuels,havelongbeenthebackboneofindustrialeconomies,providingreliableandrelativelyinexpensivepower.However,theircombustionreleasessignificantamountsofgreenhousegases,primarilycarbondioxide,drivingglobalwarmingandclimatechange.Transitioningawayfromthesefuelstowardsrenewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andhydroelectricpowerisessentialforasustainablefuture.Severalchallengeshinderthistransition.Theinitialinvestmentrequiredforrenewableenergyinfrastructureissubstantial,representingasignificantfinancialburdenforgovernmentsandprivateentities.Furthermore,renewableenergysourcesareinherentlyintermittent;solarpowerisdependentonsunlight,andwindpoweronwindpatterns,meaningtheydonotproduceaconstant,predictableoutput.Thisvariabilityposeschallengesforgridstabilityandrequiresthedevelopmentofadvancedenergystoragesolutionsandsophisticatedgridmanagementtechnologies.Additionally,theexistingenergyinfrastructureisheavilygearedtowardsfossilfuels,andretrofittingorreplacingitisacomplexandcostlyendeavor.Despitetheseobstacles,thetransitiontorenewableenergyisnotonlynecessarybutalsoincreasinglyfeasible.Technologicaladvancementshavesignificantlyreducedthecostofsolarpanelsandwindturbinesoverthepastdecade,makingthemincreasinglycompetitivewithtraditionalenergysources.Governmentsworldwideareimplementingpoliciesandincentivestoencouragetheadoptionofrenewables,suchastaxcredits,subsidies,andrenewableportfoliostandards.Moreover,publicawarenessandconcernaboutclimatechangearegrowing,placingpressureonpolicymakerstoactdecisively.Thedevelopmentofnewstoragetechnologies,likebatteries,isalsorapidlyimproving,mitigatingtheintermittencyissue.Thebenefitsoftransitioningtorenewableenergyextendbeyondcombatingclimatechange.Itcanstimulateeconomicgrowthbycreatingnewindustriesandjobsinthecleanenergysector.Itcanimprovepublichealthbyreducingairpollutionassociatedwithfossilfuelcombustion,leadingtofewerrespiratoryandcardiovasculardiseases.Finally,itcanenhanceenergysecuritybyreducingdependenceonvolatileglobalmarketsforfinitefossilfuelresources.Inconclusion,whilethetransitiontorenewableenergypresentssignificantchallenges,thecompellingreasonsfordoingso—environmental,economic,andhealth-related—makeitacriticalpriorityforthefutureofourplanet.Text1:1.______theinitialcostsarehigh,thelong-termsavingsfromrenewableenergycanbesubstantial.2.Theintegrationofrenewablesourcesintotheexistinggridrequiressignificanttechnological______.3.Advancesinbatterytechnologyhaveprovidedaviablesolutiontotheproblemofsolarpower's______nature.4.Governmentpolicies,suchassubsidies,playacrucialrolein______theadoptionofrenewableenergytechnologies.5.Beyondenvironmentalbenefits,theshifttocleanenergypromisesto______jobcreationandimprovedpublichealth.Text2:6.Naturallanguageprocessing(NLP)focusesonequippingcomputerswiththeabilityto______humanlanguage.7.Largelanguagemodels(LLMs)haveshownimpressivecapabilitiesin______coherentresponsesbasedoninputprompts.8.AmajorethicalconcernregardingNLPisthepotentialformodelsto______biasespresentintheirtrainingdata.9.ProtectingpersonaldatausedbyNLPsystemsisafundamentalrequirementforresponsibledevelopmentanddeployment.10.OngoingresearchaimstomakeNLPtechnologiesmore______andunderstandabletousers.第三部分寫作directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Inyouressay,youshoulddescribethepictureandexplainitsintendedmeaning.Youshoulddevelopyouressaybasedontheinformationgiveninthepicture,notyourownideas.PictureDescription:Thepicturedepictsapersonstandingatacrossroads.Ontheleft,thereisasignpointingtowardsabright,sunnypathleadingtoalarge,flourishinggardenwithvariouscolorfulflowers.Ontheright,thereisasignpointingtowardsadark,narrowpathleadingintoadense,darkforest.Thepersonappearshesitant,lookinguncertainlyatbothdirectionsbeforemakingadecision.第四部分翻譯directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)haspromptedwidespreaddiscussionaboutitspotentialimpactonvarioussectors,includingtheworkplace.OneofthemostsignificantconcernsrevolvesaroundthepotentialdisplacementofhumanworkersbyAIsystems.AsAIbecomesincreasinglycapableofperformingtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans,particularlyroutineandrepetitivejobs,thereisavalidfearthatmanyworkerscouldfindthemselvesfacingunemploymentortheneedtoadapttoentirelynewroles.Thisshiftisnotmerelyamatteroftechnologicalchange;italsocarriesprofoundeconomicandsocialimplicationsthatrequirecarefulconsiderationandproactiveplanning.However,itisalsocrucialtoacknowledgethatAIisnotnecessarilyareplacementforhumansbutcanserveasapowerfultooltoaugmenthumancapabilities.AIsystemsexcelathandlinglargevolumesofdata,identifyingcomplexpatterns,andperformingcalculationsatspeedsunattainablebyhumans.Whenintegratedthoughtfullyintoworkflows,AIcanautomatemundanetasks,allowinghumanworkerstofocusonmorecreative,strategic,andinterpersonalaspectsoftheirjobs.Thiscouldleadtoincreasedproductivity,innovation,andthecreationofnewjobcategoriesthatleveragethecomplementarystrengthsofhumansandmachines.Ultimately,thefutureofworkintheageofAIwilllikelyinvolveasymbioticrelationshipbetweenhumansandtechnology.Thechallengeforindividuals,organizations,andsocietiesliesinnavigatingthistransitionsmoothly.ThisrequiresinvestingineducationandtrainingprogramsthatequipworkerswiththeskillsneededtocollaborateeffectivelywithAI,fosteringaworkforcethatisadaptable,lifelonglearners,andcapableofharnessingthebenefitsofthesenewtechnologieswhilemitigatingthepotentialrisks.---試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解1.A思路：文章首段提出社交媒體對現(xiàn)代身份的深刻影響，隨后分段從在線形象塑造、社交互動變化、內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作民主化、政治社會意識形成等多個角度進行論述，最后一段總結(jié)強調(diào)其復雜性和需要審慎應對。全文圍繞社交媒體如何影響現(xiàn)代身份展開，旨在分析其作用、影響及應對策略。選項A（分析社交媒體對現(xiàn)代身份形成的影響）最符合主旨。選項B（描述社交媒體的功能）過于寬泛，選項C（強調(diào)社交媒體的負面影響）以偏概全，選項D（探討數(shù)字時代的身份認同）范圍過大，未聚焦于社交媒體。2.C思路：根據(jù)第二段，用戶通過精心選擇和呈現(xiàn)內(nèi)容來塑造“在線形象”，這種形象往往隱藏了不理想的方面（第二段第三句）。這種“精心策劃”和與現(xiàn)實脫節(jié)（第二段第二句）直接導致了與線下自我的“脫節(jié)”。選項C（導致個體在在線自我和現(xiàn)實自我之間產(chǎn)生脫節(jié)，并可能引發(fā)焦慮和自卑感）準確概括了curatedonlinepersona的負面影響，包括與現(xiàn)實的差距以及由此產(chǎn)生的負面情緒。3.BandD思路：第二段提到在線交流的“短暫性”（ephemeralnature），并指出其取代了更深入的交流（第二段第四句）。這直接導致了關(guān)系的“表面化”（superficialunderstandingofbothoneselfandothers）（第二段第五句）。選項B（導致人際關(guān)系變得表面化，缺乏深度交流）和選項D（削弱了現(xiàn)實世界中的社交聯(lián)系，使得理解變得膚淺）都準確反映了文章對在線交流負面影響的描述。4.AandC思路：根據(jù)第四段，社交媒體使內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作“民主化”，讓普通人（amateur）也能成為創(chuàng)作者，分享觀點，獲得認可（第四段第一、二句），這表明了業(yè)余與專業(yè)界限的模糊。同時，人們可以根據(jù)共同興趣找到社群（第四段第三句），這體現(xiàn)了創(chuàng)作身份的多樣性。選項A（模糊了業(yè)余與專業(yè)的界限，使普通人也能成為內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作者）和選項C（使不同背景和興趣的人能夠找到基于共同愛好的社群，獲得身份認同）都符合文章對社交媒體影響內(nèi)容的描述。5.AandD思路：文章第五段提到社交媒體在塑造政治和社會意識方面具有雙重作用。一方面，它成為社會活動和政治動員的平臺（第五段第一句），有助于形成政治身份（第五段第二句），這是積極方面。另一方面，它也加速了錯誤信息的傳播（第五段第三句），并可能形成加劇觀點分歧的“回聲室”（echochambers）（第五段第三句），這是消極方面。選項A（作為社會活動和政治動員的平臺，有助于形成政治身份）和選項D（可能加劇錯誤信息的傳播和觀點極化，從而影響政治身份的形成）分別對應了文章提到的積極和消極兩方面影響。6.B思路：根據(jù)第五段最后一句，在數(shù)字時代，駕馭這些（社交媒體的）影響需要“批判性媒體素養(yǎng)”（criticalmedialiteracyskills）。結(jié)合全文對社交媒體影響的分析，理解信息、辨別真?zhèn)巍⒈苊馄?、形成獨立判斷能力是關(guān)鍵。選項B（批判性媒體素養(yǎng)）是文章明確提到的、在復雜數(shù)字環(huán)境中形成正確身份所必需的關(guān)鍵能力。7.AandBandE思路：文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。首段提出中心論點：社交媒體對現(xiàn)代身份有深遠影響。隨后第二至四段（B,C,D）分別從在線形象、社交互動、內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作三個具體方面展開論述，支撐中心論點。最后一段（E）總結(jié)全文，重申觀點并引出需要審慎應對的結(jié)論。文章是“總-分-總”結(jié)構(gòu)，bodyparagraphs(B,C,D)分別論述了支撐introduction(A)中提出的中心論點的不同方面，并共同服務于conclusion(E)的總結(jié)。8.BandD思路：第二段提到的“在線自我與線下現(xiàn)實脫節(jié)”可能帶來的深層影響或個人問題。結(jié)合文章其他部分，這種脫節(jié)（第二段第二句）源于“精心策劃”的在線形象（第二段第一句）和“社會媒體嫉妒”（第二段末句）。由此可能導致的深層影響包括：B（導致個體過度關(guān)注他人在線形象，忽視真實自我發(fā)展，進而可能產(chǎn)生長期的心理壓力和自我認同危機）。D（加劇社會比較現(xiàn)象，使得個體在追求不切實際的完美形象過程中，逐漸失去生活的真實感和滿足感，可能導致社會整體幸福感的下降和人際關(guān)系的緊張）。9.AandC思路：針對第二段提到的“社會媒體嫉妒”，文章未直接給出行動建議，但可以infer。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容，嫉妒源于“精心策劃”的他人形象和“持續(xù)的社會比較”。因此，可能的應對方法有：A（減少在社交媒體上的無效比較，有意識地減少瀏覽時間，尤其避免深夜刷屏時易產(chǎn)生的負面情緒）。C（將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到線下生活和個人成長上，通過實際成就和真實互動來建立自信，例如培養(yǎng)興趣愛好、鍛煉身體、與家人朋友深入交流等）。10.AandB思路：根據(jù)文章結(jié)論，要在數(shù)字時代保持“健康和真實的自我”，需要“深思熟慮地應對”（thoughtfullynavigate）社交媒體的影響。結(jié)合全文，可以勾勒出以下指南：A（保持批判性思維，審慎辨別和評估接觸到的信息，不盲目追隨潮流或他人評價，建立獨立的價值判斷體系）。B（平衡線上與線下生活，有意識地控制使用社交媒體的時間和頻率，積極參與現(xiàn)實世界的社交活動，培養(yǎng)多元化的興趣愛好和身份認同來源，避免過度依賴線上互動）。第二部分新題型Text1:1.Despite2.integration3.intermittent4.encouraging5.fosterText2:6.process7.generating8.perpetuate9.safeguarded10.interpretable第三部分寫作Thepicturevividlyillustratesapersonstandingatacrossroads,facingacrucialdecision.Ontheleftpath,markedbyasign,liesabrightandsunnylandscapefeaturingalushgardenbrimmingwithcolorfulflowers,symbolizinghope,beauty,andperhapssuccessorfulfillment.Ontherightpath,indicatedbyanothersign,isadarkandnarrowtrailleadingintoadense,forebodingforest,representingchallenges,uncertainty,orpotentialdanger.Theindividualappearsvisiblyhesitant,glancingb