2024北京東直門中學(xué)高一12月月考英語考試時間：90分鐘總分100分第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Yo-YoMawasbornin1955.Hismotherwasanoperasinger,andhisfathertaughtmusicatauniversity.Fromtheverybeginning,Ma1anexceptionaltalentformusic.Hestartedsingingsongsashecouldtalk.Andwhenhewasfour,hebeganplayingthecello（大提琴）underhisfather'sguidance.Ma2becameextremelyskilledwiththeinstrument,andattheageoffiveheperformedinhisfirstrecital(獨奏會).Hisfingerswereagile.Theymovedlikegracefuldancersonthestrings.Theaudiencecouldnotbelievethatso3aboycouldmakesuchwonderfulmusic.Before10yearsold,Mawasrecognizedforhis4andstudiedwithsomeofthegreatestmusiciansaroundtheglobe.Today,Maisconsideredoneofthegreatestcellistsintheworld.Hehas5morethan90albums（唱片）andhasplayedthousandsofconcerts.Uptillnow,hehaswonmanymusicawards,including18Grammys.In1998,MafoundedtheSilkRoadProject.Thisprojectisnamed6theSilkRoad,anancienttraderoutethatlongagolinkedtheFarEasttotheWest.TheSilkRoadwasnotonlyusedfortheexchangeof7butalsoservedasachannelthatallowedculturalinfluencesandnewideastospread.Inthesameway,Maisencouragingpeopleto8withotherculturesthroughmusic.MahasestablishedSilkRoadprogramsinschools.Theprogramsbringartistsfromdifferentculturesintoschoolsandletchildren9themusic,danceandartfromaroundtheworld."Agoodmusicianissomeonewhosays'HowcanIcontribute?'"saidYo-YoMa.Ma's10totheartsclearlymarkhimasagreatmusicianindeed.1.A.used B.developed C.showed D.admired2.A.quickly B.suddenly C.finally D.naturally3.A.clever B.lively C.nice D.young4.A.efforts B.talents C.actions D.qualities5.A.recorded B.collected C.studied D.bought6.A.as B.by C.after D.on7.A.news B.greetings C.gifts D.goods8.A.deal B.connect C.compete D.work9.A.balance B.complete C.experience D.remember10.A.contributions B.benefits C.supports D.wishes第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。ASoonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthose____11____weretrappedandtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomes____12____(destroy).Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truckandplane.Slowlythecitybegan____13____(breathe)again.BChinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilization____14____hascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes,despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.Therearemanyreasons____15____thishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemain____16____(factor)hasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.CUsually,joyandhappiness____17____(understand)tobethesamething.Infact,theyareverydifferent.Joyisanemotion____18____occurswithinuswhenwedevelopanappreciationorthankfulnessforthecontentsoflifesuchasnature,____19____(free),relationshipswithpeople,orthroughhavingfaithinsomething____20____(large)thanourselves.Happinessisanemotionthatisarousedinuswhenwebuyanewcarorgetapromotionatwork.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AMostHelpfulAppsforStudentsThere'salmostanappforeverythingnowadays,andthiscanmakestudentlifeeasier,cheaper,saferandmorefun.Whetheryouwanthelpwithtakingnotes,revising,wakingupontimeorkeepingfit,readonforourstudentapppicks.LecturerecordingappJustafewyearsago,studentsattendinglectureswouldhavetospendtheentiretimewritingwildlyonnotepads,inordernottomissanyvitalbitofinformation.Thenalongcametechnology,andnow,lecturerecordingappsareareality.SoundNoteisapopularlecturerecordingappforiPadusers.Youcanstoreanentirelectureinbothvisualandaudioform.OthergoodqualitylecturerecordingappsincludeNotesPlusandAudioNotesFree—TheVoiceRecorder.StudentplannerappsOrganizationiskeyforsuccessandwell-beingatuniversity,andstudentplannerappsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Aswellassavingonpaper,manystudentplannerappsalsosendremindersandwarningsstraighttoyourphoneordevice.PopularstudentplannerappsincludeTimetable,MyClassScheduleandClassTimetable.StudentsafetyappsAnumberofappsforstudentshavebeendevelopedpromotingpersonalsafetyifoutaloneatnight.TheCircleofSixappisparticularlyusefulforlocatinglostfriendsonnightsoutandalsoallowsuserstosendtheircircleofsixfriendsaninstantcallforhelpatthetouchofabutton.TheGPStrackerwillmarkyourlocationonyourfriends'devices,ensuringyou'realwaysabletofindoneanotherifnecessary.OtherstudentappsthatpromotesafetyincludebSafeandReactMobile.HealthyeatingappsIfyou'reinterestedineatinghealthilywhilekeepingtoastudentbudget,considerdownloadingafewhealthyeatingapps.ExamplesI'vecomeacrosswhichareperfectappsforstudentsincludeRockinRamen,astudentappfeaturinganumberofnutritiousrecipeswithRamenasamainingredient,andMealBoard,anappwhichplanshealthymeals,groceryhopsandrecipesbasedonwhatyou'vegotinthefridge.21.Whichappssendreminderstousers?A.StudentplannerappsB.LecturerecordingappsC.StudentsafetyappsD.Healthyeatingapps22.WhatcanwelearnabouttheCircleofSixapp?A.Itallowsuserstoseekhelpduringanemergency.B.Itencouragesuserstocommunicatewithfriends.C.Itenablesuserstostoreanentirelecture.D.Ithelpsuserstoleadahealthylife.23.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto__________A.collectappsB.introduceappsC.compareappsD.evaluateappsBIt'snowondertheycallherIronGrand.Attheageof61,she'stheUK'soldestfemaleIronmantriathlete(鐵人三項運動員),andhaslostcountofthenumberofmarathonsshehasrun.JustasincredibleisthefactthatEdwinaBrocklesby,or''Eddie''asshe'sknown,onlytookuprunninginher50s.Withherboundless（無限的）energyandinfectioussmile,sheinspireseveryoneshemeets.Aswellasherpersonalachievements,thesuper-grannyalsolaunchedthecharitySilverfitin2013.ItpromotessportforolderpeopleandstartedwitheventsinLondon'sparksandhassincegrowntohave2,000members.Silverfitoffersarangeofactivitiesfortheover45s.Tomakesurenooneisexcludedduetocost,membershipisonly￡12peryear.AsEddiesays:"It'sabsolutelyessentialwithouragingpopulationthattheyagehealthilyandthattheyhavefundoingso.Ourcoremessageisthatit'snevertoolatetostartexercising."LenBass,76,hasbeencomingalongfortwoyears.Hewantedtogetfitteraftersurvivingstomachcancerthatlefthimbarely（幾乎不）abletowalk.Withinweeksofjoininghehadbeguntoseeadifference."IwasbentoverwhenIstarted,butbytheendofthefirstmonthIcouldrunuphills.ThankstoSilverfit,todayI'mreallyfit.Iamoffallmedication（藥物治療）."AndMarjorieBarnes,62,fromDulwichadds:"Ihadterriblebackproblems,andwaswalkingwithastickwhenafriendrecommendedSilverfit.IjoinedSilverfitandwithinayearI'dalleviated（減輕，緩和）mybackproblemsandevenenteredtheLondonhalfmarathon.I'vegotmyfreedombackandit'sallduetothewonderfulEddie.She'samazing."Eddie'spersonaldrivetogetfitwasdrivenbyherhusband'ssuddendeathinhis50s.NowEddiehascompletedatleast12marathons."RunningwithfriendshelpedmedramaticallyafterIlostmyhusband.Myadvicewouldbetomakethebestofyourlife,andhavefun."24.WhatcanwelearnaboutEddie?A.Shecametorunninglate.B.Sheistheoldestmarathonrunner.C.Shebroketherecordforamarathon.D.Shealwaysgoesontripstoscenicspots.25.WhydidEddiestartthecharity?A.Tokillherleisuretime.B.Toraisemoneyforhercareer.C.Tosupportmarathonathletes.D.Toencouragetheoldtoexercise.26.WhatdidLenBasssayaboutSilverfit?A.Ithelpedhimrealizehismarathondream.B.Itfreedhimfromhismedication.C.Ithelpedhimmakeafriend.D.Itbecameaburdentohim.27.HowmightpeoplemostprobablyfindEddie'sstory?A.UninterestingB.UnbearableC.InspiringD.ComplexCHaveyoueverwishedyoucouldbebetterorganizedormoresociable?Perhapsyou'reaconstantworrier,andyou'dprefertobealittlemorecarefree?Actually,atleast2/3ofpeoplewouldliketochangesomeelementsoftheirpersonality.Inthepast,suchdesiresappearedtobefruitless.One'spersonalitywasthoughttobeformedinchildhoodandtoremainfixedthroughouttheirentirelife.RecentresearchfrompsychologyprofessorNathanHudsonandhiscolleagues,however,challengesthisperceptionofafixedpersonality.Withtherightpsychologicalstrategiesandenougheffort,theysay,manypeoplecansuccessfullyshapetheirdesiredpersonality.Theirinterventions（干預(yù)）typicallyinvolverecommendingregularactivitiesthatreflectthepersonalitytraits（特征）peoplewishtoadopt.Introvertswhowishtobemoreoutgoing,forexample,mighthavethegoalofintroducingthemselvestoastrangeronceaweek,ormakingsmalltalkwiththecashierinthesupermarket.Someonewhowishestobemoreorganizedanddisciplinedmightbeaskedtocarefullydouble-checkanemailbeforesendingit,ortowriteato-dolistbeforegoingtobed.Whilethesetasksmayseeminsignificant,theaimisforthethinkingpatternsandbehaviorstheyproducetobecomehabitual（慣性的）.Andtheevidencesofarsuggestsitworksremarkablywell.Inone15-weektrialof400people,participantsacceptedanaverageoftwochallengeseachweek.Aftertheycompletedthosetasks,theirtraitsshiftedinthedesireddirection,accordingtoapersonalityquestionnaire（調(diào)查問卷）.Theunexpectedpersonalitychangeshouldbegoodnewsforanyonewhowishestheywereabitmoresociable,organized,orhappy-go-lucky.Anotherpotentialbenefitisthatawarenessofthisresearchcouldhelpimprovementalhealth.Peoplealwaysbelievenegativefeelingsarejustpartofwhotheyare,andthereislittletheycandotochangethem.Butwhatifeducatingpeopleabouttheirpotentialforpersonalitychangecouldplacethemonamorepositivepath?Totestthisidea,Havardprofessorofpsychology,JohnWeisz,andhispartnerselectedagroupof100teenagerswhohadpreviouslyshownsignsofanxietyordepression.Theytookacomputerizedcoursethatexplainedthescienceofplasticity（可塑性）,andwerethengivenworksheetstostrengthenwhattheyhadlearned.WhenWeiszcheckedinonthestudents'mentalhealthninemonthslater,thestudentsreportedasignificantdecreaseinanxietyanddepressioncomparedwiththosewhohadinsteadtakenpartinacourseon“emotionalexpression”.Whetheryouarestrugglingwithseriousissuesorsimplywanttopolishoffyourrougheredges,rememberthatcharacteriswithinyourownhandsandyouhavethepowertobecomewhatyouwanttobe.28.Accordingtothepassage,anoldbeliefaboutpersonalityisthat______.A.mostpeoplearesatisfiedwiththeirpersonalityB.sociableororganizedpeoplearemorepopularC.childhoodhasnothingtodowithpersonalityD.peoplecan'tchangetheirpersonalitymuch29.InNathanHudson'sresearch,participants_______.A.becamemoreawareoftheirmentalhealthB.formednewthinkingpatternsandbehaviorsC.reportedtheircompletedtasksinthequestionnaireD.wereadvisedtoworkascashiersinthesupermarket30JohnWeisz'sstudyismentionedto______Hudson'sresearch.A.questiontheresultofB.makeacomparisonwithC.showanadditionalbenefitofD.explainthemethodusedin31.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.MentalHealthIssues:MorethanMeetstheEyeB.Personality:ItIsNotSetinStoneC.YourPersonalityShapesYourFutureD.AGreatCureforMentalProblemsDTheMozartintheMachineSometimeinthecomingdecades,anexternalsystemthatcollectsandanalyzesbiometricdata（生物特征數(shù)據(jù)）willprobablybeabletounderstandwhat'sgoingoninmybodyandinmybrainmuchbetterthanme.Whatwillitdothen?Willartremainhumanity'slastlineofdefense（防御）againsttheriseoftheall-knowingalgorithms（算法）?Inthemodernworldartisusuallyassociatedwithhumanemotions.Wetendtothinkthatartistsarecontrollinginternalpsychologicalforces,andthatthewholepurposeofartistoconnectuswithouremotions,ortoinspiresomenewfeelinginus.Consequently,whenwecometoevaluateart,wetendtojudgeitbyitsemotionalimpactandtobelievethatbeautyisintheeyeofthebeholder（觀察者）.In1952,thecomposerJohnCagecomposedamusicalpiece4'33''.Thispiececonsistsof4minutesand33secondsduringwhichnoinstrumentplaysanything.Thepieceencouragestheaudiencetoobservetheirinnerexperiencesinordertoexaminewhatmusicisandwhatweexpectofit.Themessageisthatitisourownexpectationsandemotionsthatdefinemusic.Ifartisdefinedbyhumanemotions,whatmighthappenonceexternalalgorithmsareabletounderstandandmanipulatehumanemotionsbetterthanShakespeare,PicassoorLennon?Afterall,emotionsarenotsomemysteriousforces—theyareabiochemicalprocess.Therefore,givenenoughbiometricdataandenoughcomputingpower,itmightbepossibletohack（入侵）love,hate,boredomandjoy.Ofallformsofart,musicisprobablythemostsensitivetoBigDataanalysis,becausetheinputsaretheinputsarethemathematicalpatternsofsoundwaves,andtheoutputsaretheelectrochemicalsignals.Allowalearningmachinetogoovermillionsofmusicalexperiences,anditwilllearnhowparticularinputsresultinparticularoutputs.Therefore,inthelongrun,algorithmsmaylearnhowtocomposeentiretunes,playingonhumanemotionsasiftheywereapianokeyboard.Usingyourpersonalbiometricdata,thealgorithmscouldevenproducepersonalizedmelodies,whichyoualoneintheentireworldwouldappreciate.Willthisresultingreatart?Thatdependsonthedefinitionofart.Ifbeautyisindeedintheearsoftheirlistener,thenbiometricalgorithmsstandachanceofproducingthebestartinhistory.Ifartisaboutsomethingdeeperthanhumanemotions,biometricalgorithmsmightnotmakeverygoodartists.Butnorwouldmosthumans.Inordertoentertheartmarket,algorithmswon'thavetobeginbystraightawaybeatingBeethoven.ItisenoughiftheyoutperformJustinBieber.32.Theauthormentionsthemusicalpiece4'33''toA.discusstheeffectofsilenceinamusicalpieceB.emphasizeitsemotionalimpactontheaudienceC.showthesignificanceofemotionsindefiningmusicD.encouragetheaudiencetosharetheirexperiences33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"manipulate"inParagraph4mean?A.InfluenceB.CoverC.PreserveD.Appreciate34.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Computerswilltaketheplaceofartistsoneday.B.Humanemotionsaremuchmorethanbiochemicalsignals.C.Artisthefinalshelterofhumanityagainsttheall-knowingalgorithms.D.Personalizedmusicmaybeavailableforpeopletoenjoyinthefuture.第二節(jié)七選五(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowSmartphoneAddstoYourWeightUsingasmartphoneatmealtimescanleadtoanexpandingwaistline.Researchershavefoundthatmenandwomenconsume15%morecalorieswhenlookingattheirphoneswhileeating.___35___Thegroundbreakingstudysuggeststhatstaringataphonescreenmaydistract（分心）dinersfromhowmuchfoodandwhattheyareactuallyeating."Itmaypreventthecorrectunderstandingofthebrainovertheamountoffoodtakenin",saidresearcherswhofilmed62volunteerseatingalone.Thevolunteers,aged18to28,weredividedintothreegroupsandinvitedtohelpthemselvestoachoiceoffood—rangingfromhealthyoptionstosoftdrinksandchocolate—untiltheyweresatisfied.___36___Onaverage,thevolunteersate535calorieswithoutthedistractionofasmartphonebut591whenusingamobile.Thoseinthesamplewhoareclassedasoverweightate616calorieswithoutusingtheirphones.Whenusingtheirmobiles,thevolunteersalsoconsumed10percentmorefattyfoods.___37___"Smartphoneuseduringamealincreasedcalorieandfatintake,"saidMarciaGilbertoZangronimo,aleadauthorofthestudy—carriedoutattheFederalUniversityofLavrasinBrazilandUniversityMedicalCenterUtrechtintheNetherlands.Headded:"Tabletsandsmartphoneshavebecomethemaindistractorsduringmeals,evenearlyinchildhood.___38___Adistractionpreventsthebraincorrectlyunderstandingtheamountoffoodaccepted."___39___Amoredetailedanalysiscanbefoundonline.A.Theyalsoatemorefattyfood.B.Theyalsoatemorewhenreadingamagazine.C.Distractedorhurriedeatingcanleadtoweightgain.D.ThestudyispublishedinPhysiologyAndBehavior.E.Itisimportanttopayattentiontohowthismayaffectfoodintake.F.Hungerisn'ttheonlythingthatinfluenceshowmuchweeatduringtheday.G.Theywererecordedeatingwithnodistractions,usingasmartphoneorreadingamagazine.第三部分課內(nèi)知識（共兩節(jié)，20分）第一節(jié)選詞填空(共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)Group1請用方框中的單詞或短語完成句子。注意有一個多余選項。regardmajoraudienceshockmeanscollect40.The______wasimpressedbyhiswonderfulshow.41.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportant______bywhichChina'spresentisconnectedwithitspast.42.Ihaveaveryhigh______forhimandwhathehasachieved.43.Itgavemequitea______tobetoldIwasseriouslyill.44.Heplayeda______roleinhistask.Group2請用方框中單詞或短語的正確形式完成句子。注意有兩個多余選項。pretendcompetesurvivedeliverwisdom45.Sheisalways______metootherpeople,anditannoysmeverymuch.46.He______tobeareporterandmanagedtogetin.47.Volunteerscametodigoutpeoplein______.48.Pleaseallow28daysfor______.49.Officialssaidtherewereno______oftheplanecrash.第二節(jié)完成句子(共5小題，每小題2分，共10分)請使用必修一U3、U4、U5所學(xué)短語完成下列句子，每空僅填寫一個單詞。50.LangPingandMichaelJordan________________________________usandweareproudofthem!郎平和邁克爾?喬丹為我們樹立了好榜樣，我們?yōu)樗麄兏械津湴粒?1.Althoughhehadfailedmanytimes,hedidn't________________andmadeitatlast.盡管失敗了很多次，他并沒有崩潰，而且最終成功了。52.Facedwithfailures,weshouldnever________________orgiveup.面對失敗，我們不要喪失信心，應(yīng)該永不放棄！53.Afterthemostdeadlyearthquake,itseemed________________theworldwerecomingtoanend.最致命的地震之后，好像世界末日即將來臨。54.TheChinesewritingsystem________________severalthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu.中國的文字系統(tǒng)可以追溯到幾千年的對龍骨的使用。第四部分閱讀表達(共4小題；第55、56小題各2分，第57小題3分，第58小題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)內(nèi)容要求回答問題。Inthemornings,asIwalkedfromthetrainstationtotheoffice,Iplannedmydaybymakingato-dolistinmyhead:thescientificarticlesIwouldread,thedatasetsIwouldanalyze,and—mosturgentofall—theinsightsintohumannaturethatitwasmyjobtodiscover.Eachevening,Iwentbacktothestation,againgoingthroughmymentalchecklist,butthistimesizingupmyperformanceagainsttheexpectationsI'dsetformyselfthatmorning.Timeandagain,whencomparingmyto-dolistwithmygot-donelist,IfeltdisappointedbecauseIhadfallenshort.Butoneday,somethingverystrangehappened.Duringmytriphome,withoutanyconsciousintent,mythoughtsbegantoshift.Insteadoffeelingbadaboutmyweaknesses,Isaidaloudverysoftly,"I'maniceperson.I'maniceperson.I'maniceperson."BythetimeIboardedmytrain,Iwasdonewithmylittlechant—untilthenextdaywhenIwalkedhome.Andagain,aftercountingmyfailures,Ifoundmyselfsayingquietly,"I'maniceperson."Itturnsoutthatthere'satacticaltermforthispractice:valuesaffirmation（肯定）.Andwhatitboilsdowntoisrecognizingandstrengthening,thepersonalvaluesyouholdmostdear.Whenyouaffirmacorepersonalvalue,youshoreupyoursenseofself-worth.Youbroadenyouroutlook:Insteadoffocusingonyourshortfalls,youswitchtoawider-angleviewthatincludesyourresourcesandopportunities.Andthepeoplewhodothisarehappier,healthier,andmorehopeful.Overtime,Imadeprogressinmyresearchandlearnedalotaboutwhatmakessuccessfulpeoplespecial,