WELCOMEUNIT第四部分“三年真題”題型組合練題組89Ⅰ閱讀(2024·九省聯(lián)考)YellowstonePosterExhibitiontoBeonViewatUW'sCoeLibraryAfirst-of-its-kindexhibitionthatfocusesonthehistoryofYellowstoneNationalParkposterswillbeondisplayattheUniversityofWyoming'sCoeLibrarybeginningTuesday,February1.“WonderlandIllustrated”willpresentpostersandposter-styleillustrationsoftheparkspanningfromthe1870sthrough2022.TheexhibitionwillbelocatedonLevel3ofCoeLibrary.ItwillbeonviewthroughTuesday,May31.Theexhibitiontakesplaceatthesametimeasthisyear's150thanniversaryofthecreationofYellowstoneNationalPark.Thepostersintheexhibitionservethepurposeofbothadvertisingandart.“We'rethrilledtobeworkingwithYellowstonecollectorsJackandSusanDavis,andLarryandTheaLancastertobringthisexhibitiontotheUniversityofWyomingaspartofyear-longcelebrationsrecognizingYellowstone's150thanniversary，”saysTamsenHert,headofUWLibraries'EmmettD.ChisumSpecialCollections.“Thisexhibitioninvolvesthehistoryofprinting,art,photographyandadvertisingover16decades.Theimagesreproducedarefoundontravelbrochures,postcardsandmaps—manyofwhichareheldinourcollections.”O(jiān)neposterfromtheexhibition—HenryWellge's“YellowstoneNationalPark”from1904—wasrecentlypurchasedwithdonatedfundsandisnowpartofUWLibraries'EmmettD.ChisumSpecialCollections.Wellge,aproductivebird's-eye-viewartist,designedthepiecefortheNorthernPacificRailroad,whichusedittoadvertisethepark.Thisisauniquepiece,asposterssuchasthisonewereprintedonsoftpaperandveryfewhavesurvived.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了黃石海報(bào)展覽的時(shí)間以及特色等。1．Howlongwilltheexhibition“WonderlandIllustrated”last?A．Twoweeks. B．Threemonths.C．Fourmonths. D．Oneyear.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Afirst-of-its-kindexhibition...beginningTuesday,February1.(從2月1日星期二開(kāi)始，懷俄明大學(xué)科伊圖書(shū)館將舉辦一場(chǎng)首次以黃石國(guó)家公園歷史海報(bào)為主題的展覽。)”以及第二段中的“ItwillbeonviewthroughTuesday,May31.(展覽將持續(xù)到5月31日星期二。)”可知，“仙境畫(huà)報(bào)”展覽將持續(xù)四個(gè)月。故選C。2．Whatisapurposeoftheexhibition?A．Torememberafamousartist.B．ToraisefundforCoeLibrary.C．Tomarktheanniversaryofanationalpark.D．TotellthehistoryoftheUniversityofWyoming.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“We'rethrilledtobeworkingwith...recognizingYellowstone's150thanniversary(我們很高興能與黃石公園的收藏者Jack(杰克)和SusanDavis(蘇珊·戴維斯)以及Larry(拉里)和TheaLancaster(西婭·蘭卡斯特)合作，將這次展覽帶到懷俄明大學(xué)，作為紀(jì)念黃石公園150周年的為期一年的慶?；顒?dòng)的一部分)”可知，展覽的目的是慶祝一個(gè)國(guó)家公園的周年紀(jì)念日。故選C。3．Whatdoweknowaboutthe1904posterHenryWellgedesigned?A．Itisrareintheworld.B．Itisinblackandwhite.C．Itisprintedoncloth.D．Itisownedbyaprofessor.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thisisauniquepiece,asposterssuchasthisonewereprintedonsoftpaperandveryfewhavesurvived.(這是一幅獨(dú)特的作品，因?yàn)橄襁@樣的海報(bào)是印在軟紙上，存世量很少。)”可知，1904年HenryWellge(亨利·韋爾奇)設(shè)計(jì)的海報(bào)在世界上很罕見(jiàn)。故選A。(2024·浙江高考1月)TheStanfordmarshmallow(棉花糖)testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalterMischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.Asinglesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleftaloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetweenanabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'renottempted(誘惑)bysugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobaldeliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andourbrainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue—afeelingofrewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn'teat.Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasaspecieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselesslybombarded(轟炸)withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood”inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在信息化時(shí)代，成年人每天都面對(duì)“棉花糖測(cè)試”，信息轟炸讓我們攝入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。4．WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischel'stest?A．Takeanexaminationalone.B．Showrespectfortheresearchers.C．Sharetheirtreatswithothers.D．Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.”可知，在Mischel(米歇爾)的測(cè)試中，孩子們需要在吃之前等待15分鐘才能得到第二次獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故選D。5．Accordingtoparagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween________．A．thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetitesB．theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneedsC．therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrainsD．thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butaswe'vereshaped...weknowweshouldn'teat.(但是，當(dāng)我們重塑了我們周?chē)氖澜纾蟠鬁p少了獲取卡路里的成本和努力時(shí)，我們的大腦仍然和幾千年前一樣，這種不匹配是我們中許多人努力抵抗我們知道不應(yīng)該吃的誘人食物的核心原因。)”可知，豐富的食物供應(yīng)和我們不曾改變的大腦之間存在不匹配。故選C。6．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?A．Absorbnewinformationreadily.B．Beselectiveinformationconsumers.C．Usediverseinformationsources.D．Protecttheinformationenvironment.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“wealsoneedtobemorethoughtful...ourtimemosteffectively(我們也需要更仔細(xì)地考慮我們的信息消費(fèi)，抵制精神‘垃圾食品’的誘惑，以便最有效地管理我們的時(shí)間)”可推知，作者建議讀者做有選擇性的信息消費(fèi)者。故選B。7．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．EatLess,ReadMoreB．TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumansC．TheLater,theBetterD．TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述在信息化時(shí)代，成年人每天都在面對(duì)“棉花糖測(cè)試”，信息轟炸讓我們攝入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，D項(xiàng)(成年人的棉花糖測(cè)試)最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople'sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I'lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1，600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You'llheartheseparticipants'storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培養(yǎng))asustainabledigitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(獨(dú)處)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一本提倡數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式的書(shū)，通過(guò)介紹這本書(shū)的寫(xiě)作目的和組成部分告訴讀者如何培養(yǎng)一種可持續(xù)的數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式。8．Whatisthebookaimedat?A．Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B．Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C．Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D．Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thegoalofthisbook...it'srightforyou.(這本書(shū)的目標(biāo)是為數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義辯護(hù)，包括詳細(xì)探索它的要求和它有效的原因，然后如果你認(rèn)為它適合你，教你如何采用這種哲學(xué)。)”可知，這本書(shū)的目的是倡導(dǎo)簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字生活方式。故選B。9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean?A．Clear-up. B．Add-on.C．Check-in. D．Take-over.解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞下文“Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.(這個(gè)過(guò)程要求你在30天內(nèi)遠(yuǎn)離可選的在線活動(dòng)。)”可知，Thisprocess指代thedigitaldeclutter,thedigitaldeclutter要求人們遠(yuǎn)離一些線上活動(dòng)，即對(duì)在線活動(dòng)進(jìn)行清理。故選A。10．Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?A．Theoreticalmodels.B．Statisticalmethods.C．Practicalexamples.D．Historicalanalyses.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“You'llhearthese...youshouldavoid.(你將聽(tīng)到這些參與者的故事，了解哪些策略對(duì)他們有效，以及他們遇到的你也應(yīng)該避免的陷阱。)”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者的具體事例。故選C。11．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinparttwo?A．Usethemasneeded.B．Recommendthemtofriends.C．Evaluatetheireffects.D．Identifytheideasbehindthem.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Youcanview...yourparticularcircumstances.(你可以將這些實(shí)踐視為一個(gè)工具箱，旨在幫助你建立一種適合自己特定情況的極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式。)”可推知，作者建議讀者根據(jù)需要與實(shí)際情況使用第二部分中提及的實(shí)踐。故選A。(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitcomestofood.However,mostproduceatthestorewentthroughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.Whilefarmer'smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore.BMFisanindoorgardensystem.Itcanbesetupforafamily.Additionally,itcouldservealargeraudiencesuchasahospital,restaurantorschool.Theinnovativedesignrequireslittleefforttoachieveareliableweeklysupplyoffreshgreens.Specifically,it'safarmthatreliesonnewtechnology.ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,BMFisremotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.Becausethesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.Afterharvest,userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit'seatenmeanszeroemissions(排放)fromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad.Inaddition,there'snoneedforpesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpollutetraditionalfarmsandthesurroundingenvironment.BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment，”saidaBMFemployee.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種室內(nèi)花園系統(tǒng)——巴比倫微農(nóng)場(chǎng)(BMF)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，它不僅能為家庭和大型機(jī)構(gòu)提供新鮮蔬菜，還能利用云技術(shù)遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控和自動(dòng)化操作，促進(jìn)了可持續(xù)性和環(huán)保。12．WhatcanbelearnedaboutBMFfromparagraph1?A．Itguaranteesthevarietyoffood.B．Itrequiresday-to-daycare.C．Itcutsthefarm-to-tabledistance.D．Itreliesonfarmer'smarkets.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,mostproduceatthestore...reachingthetable.”和“BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore”可知，大部分商店的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品要經(jīng)歷幾周的運(yùn)輸并跨越很長(zhǎng)距離才能到達(dá)人們的餐桌。BMF系統(tǒng)大大縮短了這一過(guò)程。由此可知，BMF縮短了從農(nóng)場(chǎng)到餐桌的距離。故選C。13．Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?A．Real-timeweatherchanges.B．Currentconditionoftheplants.C．Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil.D．Availabilityofpre-seededpods.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“thereisa...inrealtime”可知，這款便捷的應(yīng)用程序可以實(shí)時(shí)提供植物的生長(zhǎng)數(shù)據(jù)。故選B。14．WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?A．Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.B．Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice.C．Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.D．Theyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，BMF員工在日常生活中踐行可持續(xù)發(fā)展，大約半數(shù)的員工走路或騎自行車(chē)上班。在辦公室里，他們通過(guò)限制垃圾桶的數(shù)量及避免使用一次性塑料的方式鼓勵(lì)回收利用及減少?gòu)U物。他們都熱衷于減少環(huán)境中的廢物、碳和化學(xué)物質(zhì)。由此可推知，BMF公司的員工有著強(qiáng)烈的環(huán)保意識(shí)。故選D。15．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．BMF'smajorstrengths.B．BMF'sgeneralmanagement.C．BMF'sglobalinfluence.D．BMF'stechnicalstandards.解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹BMF系統(tǒng)縮短了食物到餐桌的運(yùn)輸過(guò)程，第二至四段介紹了BMF的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)及其優(yōu)勢(shì)，最后一段介紹了BMF員工在生活和工作中踐行可持續(xù)發(fā)展。由此可知，文章主要介紹了BMF的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選A。Ⅱ七選五(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.__1__，butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople'swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What'smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.__2__．Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“__3__.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.__4__．Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“__5__，”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople'slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”B．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD．Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE．Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF．ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG．Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了什么是室內(nèi)植物、室內(nèi)植物帶來(lái)的好處及你能種植哪些室內(nèi)植物。解析：根據(jù)下文“butstudieshaveshown...helpingtheirmemory(而且研究表明，它們可以通過(guò)改善情緒、減輕壓力和幫助增強(qiáng)記憶力來(lái)促進(jìn)人們的健康)”可知，設(shè)空處與下文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成notonly...but(also)...“不僅……而且……”結(jié)構(gòu)。B項(xiàng)(它們不僅看起來(lái)很漂亮)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。1．答案：B解析：根據(jù)上文“Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.(這些物種中的許多種都不適合在英國(guó)戶外生長(zhǎng)，尤其是在冬天。)”可知，有些植物不適合在戶外寒冷的環(huán)境中生長(zhǎng)。D項(xiàng)(相反，它們?cè)跍嘏氖覂?nèi)生長(zhǎng)得更好)承接上文。故選D。2．答案：D解析：根據(jù)下文“Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)在冬天的幾個(gè)月里，房子周?chē)闹参镎娴哪芨纳颇愕那榫w。)”可知，此處講的是室內(nèi)植物對(duì)人有好處。因此，C項(xiàng)(在室內(nèi)種植植物有很多好處)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。3．答案：C解析：根據(jù)上文“Thereisalsoresearchshowingthat...harmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.”可知，盆栽植物能夠凈化空氣。E項(xiàng)(像和平百合和綠蘿之類(lèi)的植物是最好的)承接上文，列舉了在這方面做的最好的植物。故選E。4．答案：E解析：根據(jù)上文“Youngerplantsare...whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.(幼苗通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它們成長(zhǎng)時(shí)照顧它們——這是擁有植物的樂(lè)趣之一。)”可知，此處講的是照顧植物的樂(lè)趣。G項(xiàng)(了解每種植物的需求是非常有意義的)承接上文，且下文中的“It”指的是G項(xiàng)中的“Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplant”。故選G。5．答案：GⅢ語(yǔ)法填空(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlinZoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioninglook.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofigureoutwhoexactlyIteach...theanimals?SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe__1__(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand__2__(confidence)speakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglish__3__？Notthepandas,eventhough__4__languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsis