WELCOMEUNIT第四部分“三年真題”題型組合練題組85Ⅰ閱讀(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)HABITATRESTORATIONTEAMHelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We'llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.GROUPSGroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.UPCOMINGEVENTSTimeMeetingLocationSunday,Jan.1510：00am－1：00pmBatteryAlexanderTrailheadSunday,Jan.2210：00am－2：30pmStinsonBeachParkingLotSunday,Jan.299：30am－2：30pmCoyoteRidgeTrailhead篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊(duì)的工作內(nèi)容和招募志愿者的相關(guān)信息和要求。1．WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．Todiscovermineralresources.B．Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.C．Toprotectthelocalecosystem.D．Toconductbiologicalresearch.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareas”和“HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspecies”可知，生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊(duì)恢復(fù)和保護(hù)自然區(qū)域，在恢復(fù)敏感資源和保護(hù)瀕危物種方面起到極其重要的作用。由此可知，該工作隊(duì)的目標(biāo)是保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C。2．WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．5. B．10.C．15. D．18.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中的“Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.”可知，加入生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊(duì)的最低年齡是10歲。故選B。3．Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A．Bringtheirowntools.B．Workeveninbadweather.C．Wearateamuniform.D．Doatleastthreeprojects.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中的“We'llbeworkingrainorshine.”可知，無論天氣好壞，志愿者都會工作。由此可知，志愿者甚至?xí)趷毫犹鞖庀鹿ぷ鳌９蔬xB。(2024·全國甲卷)TheSaintLukastraindoesn'tacceptpassengers—itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning，”saysEmileDucke,aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions(區(qū)域)ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia'spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor'sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補(bǔ)給).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain'sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned，”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了SaintLukas列車為俄羅斯一些偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)。4．HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains?A．Itrunsacrosscountries.B．Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.C．Itfunctionsasahospital.D．Ittravelsalongariver.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrains”和“thedoctorsandnurses...X-rayscansandprescriptions”可知，SaintLukas列車是政府資助的醫(yī)療列車，列車上有醫(yī)生和護(hù)士為鄉(xiāng)村人口提供基本的醫(yī)療等，C項(xiàng)(它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)醫(yī)院。)符合題意。故選C。5．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?A．Itisheavilypopulated.B．Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C．Itisamoderncity.D．Itneedsmedicalaid.解析：推理判斷題。第三段首句提到俄羅斯的公共醫(yī)療服務(wù)急需現(xiàn)代化。再結(jié)合第三段中的“addresstheproblem...inremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk”可推知，Krasnoyarsk(克拉斯諾亞爾斯克)是俄羅斯一個(gè)貧窮的、醫(yī)療條件差的偏遠(yuǎn)鄉(xiāng)村，D項(xiàng)(它需要醫(yī)療援助。)符合題意。故選D。6．HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply?A．Aboutayear. B．Abouttenmonths.C．Abouttwomonths. D．Abouttwoweeks.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“For10monthseveryyear...torefuelandrestock(補(bǔ)給)．”可知，該列車每年有十個(gè)月都會進(jìn)行這樣的工作：在大約八個(gè)站點(diǎn)停留兩周多，然后返回地區(qū)首府補(bǔ)充燃料和補(bǔ)給。因此，該列車一次補(bǔ)給可以工作兩周左右。故選D。7．WhatisDucke'sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas'services?A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful.C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Iwasveryimpressed...stayingfocusedandveryconcerned”和“Theywerethebestchance...treatmenttheywant.”可知，Ducke(杜克)對SaintLukas列車服務(wù)的態(tài)度是贊賞的。故選A。(2025·浙江高考1月)Asnewtechnologiestakeonincreasinglyhumanlikequalities,there'sbeenapushtomakethemgenderless.“Peoplearestereotyping(形成刻板印象)theirgenderedobjectsinverytraditionalways，”saysAshleyMartin,aStanfordassociateprofessoroforganizationalbehavior.Removinggenderfromthepicturealtogetherseemslikeasimplewaytofixthis.YetasMartinhasfoundinherwork,genderisoneofthefundamentalwayspeopleformconnectionswithobjects,particularlythosedesignedwithhumancharacteristics.Inherstudy,Martinaskedparticipantstoratetheirattachmenttomale,female,andgenderlessversionsofadigitalvoiceassistantandaself-drivingcarknownas“Miuu”.Itwasfoundthatgenderincreasedusers'feelingsofattachmenttothesedevicesandtheirinterestinpurchasingthem.Forexample,participantssaidtheywouldbelesslikelytobuyagenderlessvoiceassistantthanversionswithmaleorfemalevoices.Whilegenderingaproductmaybegoodmarketing,itmayalsostrengthenoutdatedorharmfulideasaboutpowerandidentity.Thestereotypescommonlyassociatedwithmen,suchascompetitivenessanddominance,aremorevaluedthanthoseassociatedwithwomen.Thesequalities,inturn,aremappedontoproductsthathavebeenassignedagender.Martin'sstudyalsofoundthatcreatingagenderlessobjectwasdifficult.Forinstance,ifanobject'snamewasmeanttosoundgenderless,likeMiuu,participantswouldstillassignagendertoit—theywouldassumeMiuuwasa“he”or“she”．Martinseesasilverlining,however:Shebelievesthatanthropomorphism(擬人化)“providesanopportunitytochangestereotypes”.Whenwomenareputintopositionsofleadershiplikerunningcompanies,itreducesnegativestereotypesaboutwomen.Similarly,anthropomorphizedproductscouldbecreatedtotakeonstereotype-inconsistentroles—amalerobotthatassistswithnursingorafemalerobotthathelpsdocalculations,forinstance.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了在新技術(shù)中去除性別特征的趨勢及其影響，分析了性別化產(chǎn)品對消費(fèi)者情感連接和購買意愿的影響，以及去除性別特征所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和潛在好處。8．Whatisthepurposeofmakingnewtechnologiesgenderless?A．Toreducestereotypes.B．Tomeetpublicdemand.C．Tocutproductioncosts.D．Toencouragecompetition.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Peoplearestereotyping(形成刻板印象)...asimplewaytofixthis.”可知，科技產(chǎn)品去性別化的目的是減少刻板印象。故選A。9．Whatweretheparticipantsprobablyaskedtodointhestudy?A．Designaproduct.B．Respondtoasurvey.C．Workasassistants.D．Takealanguagetest.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inherstudy...knownas‘Miuu’．”可知，參與者被要求對男、女和無性別的數(shù)字語音助手和自動駕駛汽車進(jìn)行評價(jià)。由此可推知，參與者可能被要求回復(fù)一項(xiàng)調(diào)查。故選B。10．Whyisitdifficulttocreategenderlessobjects?A．Theycannotbemass-produced.B．Namingthemisachallengingtask.C．Peopleassumetheyareunreliable.D．Genderisrootedinpeople'smind.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，即使物品的名字聽起來無性別區(qū)別，參與者仍會為其賦予性別。由此可推知，創(chuàng)建無性別物品比較困難是因?yàn)樾詣e觀念在人們的思維中已根深蒂固。故選D。11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Thequalityofgenderlessproducts.B．Theupsideofgenderingaproduct.C．Themeaningofanthropomorphism.D．Thestereotypesofmenandwomen.解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)性別化設(shè)計(jì)的潛在積極意義。故選B。(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication，”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(標(biāo)本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable？”Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit，”saidDaru.Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?“Quitealot，”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章探究了生物樣本數(shù)據(jù)的可用性，指出了實(shí)證研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題并提出了提高數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量的措施。12．Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?A．Theyarebecomingoutdated.B．Theyaremostlyinelectronicform.C．Theyarelimitedinnumber.D．Theyareusedforpublicexhibition.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Today,mostrecords...otherdigitalrecords.”可知，現(xiàn)在，大多數(shù)生物多樣性的記錄通常以照片、視頻和其他的數(shù)字記錄形式存在，即它們大多是電子形式的。故選B。13．WhatdoesDaru'sstudyfocuson?A．Threatenedspecies.B．Physicalspecimens.C．Observationaldata.D．Mobileapplications.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“weareincreasingly...toglobalchange”可知，Daru(達(dá)魯)及其團(tuán)隊(duì)使用觀察數(shù)據(jù)來研究物種是如何對全球變化作出回應(yīng)的，由此可知，Daru的研究關(guān)注觀察數(shù)據(jù)。故選C。14．Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?A．Mistakesindataanalysis.B．Poorqualityofuploadedpictures.C．Improperwayofsampling.D．Unreliabledatacollectiondevices.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Wewereparticularlyinterested...insteadofthegrassrightnexttoit”可知，研究人員對探索可能導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)偏差的采樣的方面特別感興趣，比如公民科學(xué)家很有可能只拍開花植物而不拍它旁邊的青草。由此可推知，采樣方式的不當(dāng)會導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)偏差。故選C。15．WhatisDaru'ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?A．Reviewdatafromcertainareas.B．Hireexpertstochecktherecords.C．Confirmtheidentityoftheusers.D．Giveguidancetocitizenscientists.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，生物多樣性應(yīng)用程序可以引導(dǎo)采樣人員關(guān)注采樣不足的地方或者物種，鼓勵(lì)他們讓專家確認(rèn)上傳樣本圖片中的物種名稱。由此可推知，Daru建議生物多樣性程序給公民科學(xué)家提供指導(dǎo)。故選D。Ⅱ七選五(2023·全國甲卷)TricksToBecomingAPatientPersonHere'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer.__1__．IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.?Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.__2__.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control，”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.?MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(滿足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.__3__.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoothermoreannoyingsituations.?__4__Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“__5__．”You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE．ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF．Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG．They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了讓人們變得有耐心的一些方法。解析：根據(jù)上文“Here'sariddle...There'soneanswer.”可知，本句為上文的答案，結(jié)合“交通堵塞、排長隊(duì)和等待假期開始”可知，這些情況都需要人們耐心等待。G項(xiàng)(它們都是我們需要一點(diǎn)額外耐心的情況)承接上文。故選G。1．答案：G解析：根據(jù)上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits...moreoptimistic.(感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂，壓力更小，甚至更樂觀。)”可知，感恩帶來很多好處。E項(xiàng)(它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心)承接上文。故選E。2．答案：E解析：根據(jù)下文“Putoff...forthatcake.”并結(jié)合小標(biāo)題“Makeyourselfwait”可知，下文列舉的事情都是日常的小事，說明要從小事開始練習(xí)等待。B項(xiàng)(從小任務(wù)開始)引出下文。故選B。3．答案：B解析：本段提到了舒適是我們通常唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，說明我們還應(yīng)該容忍不舒適，因此本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關(guān)，C項(xiàng)(接受不舒服)概括本段內(nèi)容，且選項(xiàng)中的uncomfortable對應(yīng)下文comfortable。故選C。4．答案：C解析：根據(jù)上文“Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself(你應(yīng)該學(xué)會對自己說)”以及下文“You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.(然后你會逐漸變得更有耐心。)”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)(這僅僅是不舒服，而不是無法忍受)承上啟下。故選F。5．答案：FⅢ語法填空(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)HeatherwickStudiorecentlybuiltagreenhouseattheedgeoftheNationalTrust'sWoolbedingGardens.Thisbeautifulstructure,namedGlasshouse,isatthecentreofanewgardenthatshowshowtheSilkRoadinfluencesEnglishgardenseveninmoderntimes.Thelatest__1__(engineer)techniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotective__2__(function)structurethatisalsobeautiful.Thedesignfeaturestensteel“sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(鋁).Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays__3__(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Incoldweather,thestructurestays__4__(close)toprotecttheplants.Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse__5__(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor__6__firsttime.TheseplantsincludedmodernWestern__7__(fav