一、句式轉(zhuǎn)換核心類型與規(guī)則梳理（一）肯定句→否定句的轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換邏輯：根據(jù)句子謂語的不同結(jié)構(gòu)（be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞），選擇不同的否定方式，同時(shí)注意限定詞（如some→any）和副詞（如already→yet）的調(diào)整。含be動(dòng)詞（am/is/are/was/were）：在be動(dòng)詞后加`not`；句中`some`變`any`（表請(qǐng)求、希望得到肯定回答的疑問句除外，但否定句需改）。例：Heisastudent.→Heisn'tastudent.含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can/could/will等）：在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加`not`；`some`變`any`。例：Shecanplaythepiano.→Shecan'tplaythepiano.含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（行為動(dòng)詞）：借助助動(dòng)詞`do/does/did`（時(shí)態(tài)/人稱決定），在助動(dòng)詞后加`not`，原實(shí)義動(dòng)詞還原；`some`變`any`，`already`變`yet`（句末）。例：Theygotoschoolbybike.→Theydon'tgotoschoolbybike.例：Hehassomebooks.→Hedoesn'thaveanybooks.（二）陳述句→一般疑問句的轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換邏輯：將句子的“核心謂語成分”（be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞）提至句首，調(diào)整人稱（I/we→you）和限定詞（some→any，特殊語境保留），句末加問號(hào)。含be動(dòng)詞：be動(dòng)詞提至句首，首字母大寫；第一人稱變第二人稱。例：HeisfromChina.→IshefromChina?含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至句首，首字母大寫；人稱調(diào)整同be動(dòng)詞句。例：ShecanspeakEnglish.→CanshespeakEnglish?含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：借助`do/does/did`提至句首，原實(shí)義動(dòng)詞還原；人稱、限定詞調(diào)整同上。例：Theyplayfootballafterschool.→Dotheyplayfootballafterschool?例：Hehasanewpen.→Doeshehaveanewpen?（三）對(duì)劃線部分提問（陳述句→特殊疑問句）轉(zhuǎn)換邏輯：先根據(jù)劃線內(nèi)容選疑問詞（如時(shí)間用when、地點(diǎn)用where、數(shù)量用howmany等），再將剩余部分變?yōu)椤耙蓡栐~+一般疑問句”（主語提問除外，語序不變）。步驟：①選疑問詞；②剩余部分變一般疑問句（主語提問時(shí)直接替換，語序不變）。示例：1.Theywenttotheparkyesterday.→Whendidtheygotothepark?（時(shí)間→when，一般過去時(shí)加助動(dòng)詞did）2.Thebookisonthedesk.→Whereisthebook?（地點(diǎn)→where，be動(dòng)詞提至疑問詞后）3.Shehasthreebooks.→Howmanybooksdoesshehave?（可數(shù)數(shù)量→howmany，后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)+一般疑問句）4.Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.→Whoboughtyouanewbike?（主語人提問→who直接替換，語序不變）（四）同義句轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換邏輯：通過詞法替換（同義詞、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）或句法替換（句型改寫）實(shí)現(xiàn)，初中常見類型：花費(fèi)類：`spend...on/doing`?`payfor`?`cost`（物作主語）?`take`（it作形式主語）例：Hespentanhourdoinghishomework.→Ittookhimanhourtodohishomework.太…而不能…：`too...to...`?`so...that...`（否定句）?`not...enoughto...`例：Sheistooshorttoreachtheshelf.→Sheissoshortthatshecan'treachtheshelf.→Sheisn'ttallenoughtoreachtheshelf.條件類：`if...not...`?`unless`例：Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llbelate.→Unlessyouhurryup,you'llbelate.所屬關(guān)系：`sb'ssth`?`thesthofsb`例：ThisisMary'sbike.→ThisbikebelongstoMary.→ThisisthebikeofMary.（五）主動(dòng)語態(tài)→被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換邏輯：初中被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為“be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”，步驟：①原賓語變主語；②謂語變“be+過去分詞”（be時(shí)態(tài)/人稱與原主語一致）；③原主語用`by`引出（可省略）。示例：1.Peoplegrowriceinthesouth.→Riceisgrown(bypeople)inthesouth.（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，be用is，grow→grown）2.Hegavemeabookyesterday.→Abookwasgiventome(byhim)yesterday.（一般過去時(shí)，give→given，雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)加to）3.Wemustplantmoretrees.→Moretreesmustbeplanted(byus).（含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，must+be+planted）（六）直接引語→間接引語的轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換邏輯：轉(zhuǎn)述他人話語時(shí)，需調(diào)整人稱（一隨主、二隨賓、三不變）、時(shí)態(tài)（主句過去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)后退）、狀語（this→that,now→then等），陳述句用`that`（可?。话阋蓡柧溆胉if/whether`。示例：1.Hesaid,"Iamveryhappytoday."→Hesaid(that)hewasveryhappythatday.（I隨主語變he，am→was，today→thatday）2.Sheasked,"Doyouknowhim?"→Sheasked(me)ifIknewhim.（一般疑問句→if引導(dǎo)，you隨賓語變I，know→knew）二、實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練題目（分類型）（一）肯定句變否定句1.Sheisgoodatdancing.→__________2.Theycanswimverywell.→__________3.Hegoestoschoolonfoot.→__________4.Wehavesomebreadforbreakfast.→__________（二）陳述句變一般疑問句1.ThegirlisfromAmerica.→__________2.Theywillvisitthemuseumnextweek.→__________3.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.→__________4.Shehasapetcat.→__________（三）對(duì)劃線部分提問1.TheywenttothezoolastSunday.→__________2.Thebookcosts20yuan.→__________3.Sheisplayingthepianointheroom.→__________4.Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.→__________（四）同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1.Hespentanhourdoinghishomework.→It__________himanhour__________dohishomework.2.Sheistooshorttoreachtheshelf.→Sheis__________short__________shecan'treachtheshelf.→Sheisn't____________________toreachtheshelf.3.Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llbelate.→__________you__________hurryup,you'llbelate.4.ThisisMary'sbike.→Thisbike____________________Mary.→Thisisthebike__________Mary.（五）主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)1.Peoplegrowriceinthesouth.→Rice____________________(bypeople)inthesouth.2.Hegavemeabookyesterday.→Abook______________________________me(byhim)yesterday.3.Wemustplantmoretrees.→Moretrees______________________________(byus).4.Theteacherwillcorrectthepaperstomorrow.→Thepapers______________________________(bytheteacher)tomorrow.（六）直接引語變間接引語1.Hesaid,"Iamveryhappytoday."→Hesaid(that)____________________veryhappy____________________.2.Sheasked,"Doyouknowhim?"→Sheasked(me)______________________________him.3.LiMingsaid,"IwillgotoShanghainextmonth."→LiMingsaid(that)____________________gotoShanghai____________________.三、答案與解析（自查/講解用）（一）肯定句變否定句答案1.Sheisn'tgoodatdancing.（be動(dòng)詞后加not）2.Theycan'tswimverywell.（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not）3.Hedoesn'tgotoschoolonfoot.（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，三單→助動(dòng)詞does+not，goes還原為go）4.Wedon'thaveanybreadforbreakfast.（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，非三單→助動(dòng)詞do+not，some改any）（二）陳述句變一般疑問句答案1.IsthegirlfromAmerica?（be動(dòng)詞提至句首）2.Willtheyvisitthemuseumnextweek?（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will提至句首）3.Doeshedohishomeworkeveryday?（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，三單→助動(dòng)詞does提至句首，does還原為do）4.Doesshehaveapetcat?（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，三單→助動(dòng)詞does提至句首，has還原為have）（三）對(duì)劃線部分提問答案1.Whendidtheygotothezoo?（時(shí)間→when，一般過去時(shí)加助動(dòng)詞did）2.Howmuchdoesthebookcost?（價(jià)格→howmuch，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)三單→助動(dòng)詞does）3.Whatisshedoingintheroom?（動(dòng)作→what，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)→be+doing）4.Whoboughtyouanewbike?（主語人→who直接替換，語序不變）（四）同義句轉(zhuǎn)換答案1.Ittookhimanhourtodohishomework.（spend→take，it作形式主語）2.Sheissoshortthatshecan'treachtheshelf.→Sheisn'ttallenoughtoreachtheshelf.（too...to...→so...that.../not...enoughto...）3.Unlessyouhurryup,you'llbelate.（if...not...→unless）4.ThisbikebelongstoMary.→ThisisthebikeofMary.（所屬關(guān)系→belongto