醫(yī)學(xué)英語基礎(chǔ)題庫及答案

一、單項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Whatisthemedicaltermforthestudyofthestructureofthebody?A)PathologyB)AnatomyC)PhysiologyD)BiochemistryAnswer:B)Anatomy2.Whichofthefollowingisasynonymfor"hypertension"?A)HypotensionB)HyperglycemiaC)HypercholesterolemiaD)HighbloodpressureAnswer:D)Highbloodpressure3.Themedicalterm"myocardium"refersto:A)TheheartmuscleB)ThebloodvesselsC)ThelungsD)ThebrainAnswer:A)Theheartmuscle4.Whatisthemedicaltermfortheprocessofbreakingdownfoodintosimplersubstances?A)AbsorptionB)DigestionC)MetabolismD)ExcretionAnswer:B)Digestion5.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsymptomofdiabetesmellitus?A)WeightgainB)FrequenturinationC)HighbloodpressureD)SkinrashesAnswer:B)Frequenturination6.Themedicalterm"neurology"isthestudyof:A)ThebrainandnervoussystemB)TheheartandbloodvesselsC)ThebonesandjointsD)TheimmunesystemAnswer:A)Thebrainandnervoussystem7.Whatisthemedicaltermfortheconditioncharacterizedbyanabnormallylowbodytemperature?A)HyperthermiaB)HypothermiaC)HypertensionD)HyperglycemiaAnswer:B)Hypothermia8.Themedicalterm"cardiology"refersto:A)ThestudyoftheheartB)ThestudyofthelungsC)ThestudyofthekidneysD)ThestudyofthebrainAnswer:A)Thestudyoftheheart9.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsymptomofasthma?A)PersistentcoughB)HighbloodpressureC)FrequenturinationD)SkinrashesAnswer:A)Persistentcough10.Themedicalterm"oncology"isthestudyof:A)CancerB)HeartdiseaseC)DiabetesD)BonedisordersAnswer:A)Cancer二、多項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Whichofthefollowingarepartsoftheskeletalsystem?A)BonesB)MusclesC)CartilageD)TendonsAnswer:A)Bones,C)Cartilage2.Whatarecommonsymptomsofthecommoncold?A)RunnynoseB)SorethroatC)CoughD)FeverAnswer:A)Runnynose,B)Sorethroat,C)Cough3.Whichofthefollowingarefunctionsoftheliver?A)DetoxificationB)ProteinsynthesisC)ProductionofbileD)BloodclottingAnswer:A)Detoxification,B)Proteinsynthesis,C)Productionofbile4.Whatarethemaincomponentsoftheblood?A)RedbloodcellsB)WhitebloodcellsC)PlateletsD)PlasmaAnswer:A)Redbloodcells,B)Whitebloodcells,C)Platelets,D)Plasma5.Whichofthefollowingarepartsoftherespiratorysystem?A)LungsB)TracheaC)BronchiD)HeartAnswer:A)Lungs,B)Trachea,C)Bronchi6.Whatarecommonsymptomsofdepression?A)PersistentsadnessB)LossofinterestC)ChangesinappetiteD)FatigueAnswer:A)Persistentsadness,B)Lossofinterest,C)Changesinappetite,D)Fatigue7.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofcancer?A)LungcancerB)BreastcancerC)ColoncancerD)ProstatecancerAnswer:A)Lungcancer,B)Breastcancer,C)Coloncancer,D)Prostatecancer8.Whatarethemainfunctionsofthekidneys?A)FiltrationofbloodB)ProductionofurineC)RegulationofbloodpressureD)ProductionofhormonesAnswer:A)Filtrationofblood,B)Productionofurine,C)Regulationofbloodpressure9.Whichofthefollowingarepartsofthemuscularsystem?A)MusclesB)TendonsC)LigamentsD)BonesAnswer:A)Muscles,B)Tendons,C)Ligaments10.Whatarecommonsymptomsofappendicitis?A)AbdominalpainB)NauseaC)FeverD)LossofappetiteAnswer:A)Abdominalpain,B)Nausea,C)Fever,D)Lossofappetite三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Themedicalterm"pathology"isthestudyofthebody'sstructure.Answer:False2.Hypertensionisasynonymforhighbloodpressure.Answer:True3.Themedicalterm"myocardium"referstotheheartmuscle.Answer:True4.Theprocessofbreakingdownfoodintosimplersubstancesiscalleddigestion.Answer:True5.Frequenturinationisacommonsymptomofdiabetesmellitus.Answer:True6.Themedicalterm"neurology"isthestudyofthebrainandnervoussystem.Answer:True7.Themedicalterm"hypothermia"referstoanabnormallylowbodytemperature.Answer:True8.Themedicalterm"cardiology"referstothestudyoftheheart.Answer:True9.Persistentcoughisacommonsymptomofasthma.Answer:True10.Themedicalterm"oncology"isthestudyofcancer.Answer:True四、簡答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenanatomyandphysiology?Answer:Anatomyisthestudyofthestructureofthebody,whilephysiologyisthestudyofthefunctionsofthebody.Anatomyfocusesonthephysicallayoutandorganizationofbodyparts,whereasphysiologyexamineshowthesepartsworktogethertomaintainlife.2.Whatarethemainfunctionsoftheliver?Answer:Theliverhasseveralmainfunctions,includingdetoxificationofharmfulsubstances,proteinsynthesis,productionofbiletoaidindigestion,andstorageofvitaminsandminerals.Italsoplaysaroleinregulatingbloodsugarlevelsandproducinghormones.3.Whatarethecommonsymptomsofthecommoncold?Answer:Commonsymptomsofthecommoncoldincluderunnynose,sorethroat,cough,sneezing,andmildfatigue.Somepeoplemayalsoexperiencealow-gradefeverorheadache.Thesesymptomstypicallylastforaboutaweek.4.Whatarethemaincomponentsoftheblood?Answer:Themaincomponentsofthebloodincluderedbloodcells,whitebloodcells,platelets,andplasma.Redbloodcellscarryoxygentothebody'stissues,whitebloodcellshelpfightinfections,plateletsaidinbloodclotting,andplasmaistheliquidportionthatcarriesnutrients,hormones,andwasteproducts.五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Discusstheimportanceoftheskeletalsysteminthehumanbody.Answer:Theskeletalsystemiscrucialforprovidingsupportandstructuretothebody,protectingvitalorganssuchasthebrainandheart,andenablingmovementthroughtheattachmentofmuscles.Italsoplaysaroleinproducingbloodcellsandstoringmineralslikecalciumandphosphorus.Withouttheskeletalsystem,thebodywouldnotbeabletomaintainitsshapeorperformessentialfunctions.2.Explaintheroleoftheimmunesysteminmaintaininghealth.Answer:Theimmunesystemisessentialformaintaininghealthbydefendingthebodyagainstpathogenssuchasbacteria,viruses,andfungi.Itidentifiesandeliminatesharmfulsubstancesandcells,helpingtopreventinfectionsanddiseases.Theimmunesystemalsohasamemorycomponent,allowingittorecognizeandrespondmoreeffectivelytopreviouslyencounteredpathogens.3.Discusstheimpactofdiabetesmellitusonthebody.Answer:Diabetesmellitusisachronicconditioncharacterizedbyhighlevelsofbloodsugar,whichcanleadtovarioushealthcomplications.Itaffectsthebod