政治法規(guī)翻譯真題及答案

一、單項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.TheprimarypurposeoftheConstitutionisto:A.EstablishasystemofchecksandbalancesB.DefinetherightsofcitizensC.OutlinetheresponsibilitiesofthegovernmentD.Seteconomicpolicies答案：C2.WhichofthefollowingisafundamentalrightguaranteedbytheFirstAmendment?A.TherighttovoteB.TherighttoafairtrialC.FreedomofspeechD.Therighttobeararms答案：C3.TheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStatesisprimarilyresponsiblefor:A.MakinglawsB.EnforcinglawsC.InterpretinglawsD.AmendingtheConstitution答案：C4.TheBillofRightswasaddedtotheConstitutionto:A.EstablishafederalsystemofgovernmentB.ProtectindividuallibertiesC.CreateasystemoffederalcourtsD.DefinethestructureofCongress答案：B5.TheprocessofamendingtheConstitutionis:A.UnanimouslyagreeduponbyallstatesB.Ratifiedbythree-fourthsofthestatesC.ProposedbythePresidentD.VotedonbytheHouseandSenate答案：B6.ThelegislativebranchoftheU.S.governmentisknownas:A.TheSupremeCourtB.TheSenateC.TheHouseofRepresentativesD.ThePresident答案：C7.TheexecutivebranchoftheU.S.governmentisheadedby:A.TheSpeakeroftheHouseB.TheVicePresidentC.ThePresidentD.TheChiefJustice答案：C8.ThejudicialbranchoftheU.S.governmentisresponsiblefor:A.MakinglawsB.EnforcinglawsC.InterpretinglawsD.AmendingtheConstitution答案：C9.Theprincipleoffederalismmeans:A.ThenationalgovernmenthastheultimateauthorityB.PowerisdividedbetweenthenationalandstategovernmentsC.ThestateshavetheultimateauthorityD.Thegovernmentisrunbyasingleentity答案：B10.TheDeclarationofIndependenceprimarilyasserts:A.TherighttoafairtrialB.TherighttobeararmsC.Therighttolife,liberty,andthepursuitofhappinessD.Therighttovote答案：C二、多項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.WhichofthefollowingareamendmentstotheU.S.Constitution?A.TheFirstAmendmentB.TheFifthAmendmentC.TheFourteenthAmendmentD.TheTwenty-SecondAmendment答案：A,B,C,D2.ThebranchesoftheU.S.governmentare:A.ThelegislativebranchB.TheexecutivebranchC.ThejudicialbranchD.Thelocalgovernment答案：A,B,C3.TheBillofRightsincludes:A.FreedomofspeechB.FreedomofreligionC.TherighttobeararmsD.Therighttoafairtrial答案：A,B,C,D4.ThepowersofthePresidentinclude:A.ServingastheheadofstateB.CommandingthearmedforcesC.MakingtreatiesD.Appointingfederaljudges答案：A,B,C,D5.TheSupremeCourthasthepowerto:A.InterprettheConstitutionB.OverturnlawsC.ConducttrialsD.Setjudicialprecedent答案：A,B,D6.TheprocessofamendingtheConstitutioninvolves:A.ProposalbyCongressB.RatificationbythestatesC.ApprovalbythePresidentD.Noneoftheabove答案：A,B7.Thelegislativebranchhasthepowerto:A.MakelawsB.DeclarewarC.ApprovebudgetsD.Overseetheexecutivebranch答案：A,B,C,D8.Thejudicialbranchincludes:A.TheSupremeCourtB.FederalcourtsC.StatecourtsD.Localcourts答案：A,B,C9.Theprincipleofseparationofpowersmeans:A.ThelegislativebranchmakeslawsB.TheexecutivebranchenforceslawsC.ThejudicialbranchinterpretslawsD.Thebranchesareindependentandcheckeachother答案：A,B,C,D10.TheDeclarationofIndependencewasprimarilyauthoredby:A.GeorgeWashingtonB.ThomasJeffersonC.JohnAdamsD.BenjaminFranklin答案：B三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStateswasratifiedin1787.答案：正確2.TheFirstAmendmentguaranteestherighttoafairtrial.答案：錯誤3.ThePresidentisboththeheadofstateandgovernment.答案：正確4.TheSupremeCourthasthepowertomakelaws.答案：錯誤5.TheBillofRightswasratifiedin1791.答案：正確6.Thelegislativebranchisbicameral,consistingoftheSenateandtheHouseofRepresentatives.答案：正確7.Theexecutivebranchisresponsibleforinterpretinglaws.答案：錯誤8.Theprincipleoffederalismmeansthestateshavemorepowerthanthenationalgovernment.答案：錯誤9.TheDeclarationofIndependencewassignedin1776.答案：正確10.Thejudicialbranchisresponsibleforenforcinglaws.答案：錯誤四、簡答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.WhatisthepurposeoftheBillofRights?答案：TheBillofRightswasaddedtotheU.S.Constitutiontoprotectindividuallibertiesandlimitthepowersofthefederalgovernment.Itguaranteesfundamentalrightssuchasfreedomofspeech,religion,andthepress,therighttobeararms,therighttoafairtrial,andprotectionagainstunreasonablesearchesandseizures.2.WhatarethethreebranchesoftheU.S.governmentandwhataretheirprimaryfunctions?答案：ThethreebranchesoftheU.S.governmentarethelegislative,executive,andjudicialbranches.Thelegislativebranch,consistingoftheSenateandtheHouseofRepresentatives,isresponsibleformakinglaws.Theexecutivebranch,headedbythePresident,isresponsibleforenforcinglaws.Thejudicialbranch,includingtheSupremeCourtandfederalcourts,isresponsibleforinterpretinglaws.3.WhatisthesignificanceoftheprincipleoffederalismintheU.S.government?答案：Theprincipleoffederalismdividespowerbetweenthenationalgovernmentandthestategovernments,ensuringthatneitherlevelofgovernmentbecomestoopowerful.Itallowsstatestohaveadegreeofautonomyandtailorlawstotheirspecificneedswhilestillbeingpartofaunifiednation.4.WhatarethekeyprinciplesoftheDeclarationofIndependence?答案：TheDeclarationofIndependenceassertsthatallpeoplearecreatedequalandendowedwithcertainunalienablerights,includinglife,liberty,andthepursuitofhappiness.Italsostatesthatgovernmentsarecreatedtoprotecttheserightsandthatthepeoplehavetherighttoalterorabolishgovernmentsthatbecomedestructiveoftheserights.五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.DiscusstheimportanceoftheseparationofpowersintheU.S.government.答案：TheseparationofpowersiscrucialintheU.S.governmentasitensuresthatnosinglebranchbecomestoopowerful.Bydividingthegovernmentintothreebrancheswithdistinctresponsibilities,itcreatesasystemofchecksandbalances.Thispreventstheconcentrationofpowerandprotectsindividuallibertiesbyensuringthateachbranchcanlimittheactionsoftheothers.2.HowdoestheBillofRightsimpactthedailylivesofU.S.citizens?答案：TheBillofRightssignificantlyimpactsthedailylivesofU.S.citizensbyguaranteeingfundamentalrightsandfreedoms.Forexample,theFirstAmendmentprotectsfreedomofspeech,religion,andthepress,allowingcitizenstoexpressthemselveswithoutfearofgovernmentcensorship.TheFourthAmendmentprotectsagainstunreasonablesearchesandseizures,ensuringpersonalprivacy.Theserightsareessentialtoafreeanddemocraticsociety.3.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffederalism?答案：Federalismhasseveraladvantages,includingallowingstatestohaveadegreeofautonomyandtailorlawstotheirspecificneeds,whichcanleadtomoreeffectivegovernance.Italsopreventsthenationalgovernme