高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1福建省龍巖市2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AZooTeenProgram—BrevardZooOurSummerVolunTEENProgramisa10-week-,10-day-minimumopportunitythatrunsfromMaythroughearlyAugust.WewelcomeZooTeenstovolunteermorethanoncepermonthiftheyareavailable.AllZooTeensmustbebetweentheagesof13and16onJanuary1oftheyearoftheirprogramandhaveaninterestinanimals,theenvironment,andworkingwithguests.ZOOTEENCOMMITMENT(承諾)Onceaccepted,ZooTeensmust:*completetheinitialtrainingprogramandpassabackgroundcheck*passafinalexamwithascoreofatleast80%*volunteeratleast20hoursduringMayandAugust,andanadditionalfivehoursduringJuneandJuly*attend7outof10assigned(指定的)SaturdayorSundayvolunteerdays(weekendassignmentsarenotrequiredinJuneandJuly)*attendatleastoneprotectioneventperyear*assistwithatleastonespecialeventperyearHOWTOAPPLYTeensinterestedinthisprogrammustcompleteandpresentanapplication.Incompleteapplicationswillnotbereviewed.Applicationsarescoredequallyusingarubric(說明)—thisisatoolthatallowstheapplicantstoknowhoweachanswerwillbescored,andteensareencouragedtoturntotherubricontheapplicationwhileproducingtheirresponses.Thetop50-55applicantsareinterviewedinNovember;ofthese,about40teensareinvitedtojointheZooTeenprogram.AllapplicantsarecontactedinNovemberregardingtheirapplicationresult.1.WhatisrequiredofaZooTeen?A.Hemustbeatleast18yearsold.B.Hemusthavevolunteeringexperience.C.Hemustfinishtheinitialtrainingprogram.D.HemustvolunteeronweekendsinJuneandJuly.2.HowlongisaZooTeenexpectedtoworkduringJuneandJulyatleast?A.5hours. B.15hours. C.20hours. D.25hours.3.Whatareapplicantsrecommendedtodo?A.Presentadditionallettersofrecommendation.B.Includeadetailedintroductionoftheirpastwork.C.Providealistofallpreviousvolunteeringexperiences.D.Refertotherubricwhilefillingintheapplicationform.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了布里瓦德動(dòng)物園的青少年志愿者計(jì)劃信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ZOOTEENCOMMITMENT(承諾)”中關(guān)鍵信息“*completetheinitialtrainingprogramandpassabackgroundcheck(*完成最初的培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃并通過背景調(diào)查)”可知，志愿者必須完成最初的培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ZOOTEENCOMMITMENT(承諾)”中關(guān)鍵信息“*volunteeratleast20hoursduringMayandAugust,andanadditionalfivehoursduringJuneandJuly(5月和8月至少做20個(gè)小時(shí)的志愿者，6月和7月再做5個(gè)小時(shí))”可知，志愿者在六月和七月最少要工作25小時(shí)。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HOWTOAPPLY”中關(guān)鍵信息“Applicationsarescoredequallyusingarubric(說明)—thisisatoolthatallowstheapplicantstoknowhoweachanswerwillbescored,andteensareencouragedtoturntotherubricontheapplicationwhileproducingtheirresponses.(應(yīng)用程序使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)分——這是一個(gè)讓申請(qǐng)人知道每個(gè)答案將如何得分的工具，并且鼓勵(lì)青少年在制作他們的回答時(shí)使用應(yīng)用程序上的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)分)”可知，申請(qǐng)者被建議填寫申請(qǐng)表時(shí)參閱評(píng)分說明。故選D。B“Tellmeyournamesandwhichyearofgraduateschoolyou’rein,”thevisitingspeakerasked.Mydiscomfortgrewaseveryoneelsegavetheiranswers.Whenmyturncame,IswallowedandsaidIwasinmysixthyear.“Ithinkitisthestudent’sproblemifshespendsover5yearsfinishingaPhD,”thespeakerreplied.Hiscommentwasthefinalshot.Rightfromthestartofgraduateschool,IhadbeenawarethattherequirementsofmydepartmentandmyadvisermightmakemyPhDtakelongerthanaverage.Studentsneedtopublishtwofirst-authorpaperstograduateandmyadviserrequireshisstudentstotaketheleadinallexperimentssowecanhavefullownershipofourworkanddevelopvariousscientifictechniques.Iwascomfortablewithtakinglongertobecomeanindependentscientist.MyadviserhadsomeprojectshewantedtohandleandIchoseonetoworkon,knowingIcoulddrawonhisexpertise(專業(yè)知識(shí))andgainsupportfromlabmates.However,Iinvestigated10differenthypotheses(假說)—justtoproveeachadeadend.Eachtimetheonlychoicewastomakethenextlikelyhypothesisandstartoverinadifferentdirection.Thelackofprogresswaswearingmedown.Thencamethespeaker’scomment.Ibrokedownandwenttomyadviser.Hepointedoutthatoverthepast6yearsIhadmasteredmanydifficulttechniques.Mygrowingexpertisewascomparablewiththeverybest.IfIdidn’thavetheanswertomyresearchquestionyet,itwasbecauseofthecomplexity(復(fù)雜性)oftheanswer,notbecauseofpersonalweaknesses.Thisviewpointcalmedme.Ithelpedmepushforwardwithdeterminationandwillpower.Undermyadviser’scontinuedguidanceandsupport,IhitonahypothesisthatworkedoutandIgraduatedfinally.LookingbackonmyPhDlife,IrealizedmanygraduatestudentswereinthesameboatasIwas.IwishIcouldtellthemwhatIcametolearn:Noone’sPhDjourneyisthesame;allweneedtodoissticktoit.4.Whatcontributedtotheauthor’slonger-than-averagePhDjourney?A.Thecomplexprojectshe’dworkedon.B.Herlackofdesiretocompletetheresearch.C.Herpoorunderstandingofscientifictechniquesandskills.D.Thehighstandardssetbythedepartmentandtheadviser.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorthroughouttheresearchprocess?A.Sheturnedadeafeartoothers’advice.B.Shelackedtalentforscientificresearch.C.Shemetwithmanystrugglesandfailures.D.Sheeasilygaveupwhenfacedwithchallenges.6.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor’sadviser?A.Unhelpful. B.Supportive. C.Thoughtful. D.Demanding.7.Whatlessoncanwedrawfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.AlltheroadsleadtoRome. B.Wellbegunishalfdone.C.Slowandsteadywinstherace. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要通過講述作者攻讀博士學(xué)位的艱難經(jīng)歷告訴我們成功屬于堅(jiān)持不懈的人?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Rightfromthestartofgraduateschool,IhadbeenawarethattherequirementsofmydepartmentandmyadvisermightmakemyPhDtakelongerthanaverage.Studentsneedtopublishtwofirst-authorpaperstograduateandmyadviserrequireshisstudentstotaketheleadinallexperimentssowecanhavefullownershipofourworkanddevelopvariousscientifictechniques.(從研究生院開始，我就意識(shí)到我的部門和我的導(dǎo)師的要求可能會(huì)使我的博士學(xué)位比平均時(shí)間要長(zhǎng)。學(xué)生需要發(fā)表兩篇第一作者論文才能畢業(yè)，我的導(dǎo)師要求他的學(xué)生在所有實(shí)驗(yàn)中都發(fā)揮帶頭作用，這樣我們就可以對(duì)我們的工作有充分的所有權(quán)，并開發(fā)各種科學(xué)技術(shù)。)”可知，是院系和導(dǎo)師制定的高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)促成了作者比一般人更長(zhǎng)的博士之旅。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Eachtimetheonlychoicewastomakethenextlikelyhypothesisandstartoverinadifferentdirection.Thelackofprogresswaswearingmedown.(每次唯一的選擇就是做出下一個(gè)可能的假設(shè)，然后從不同的方向重新開始。缺乏進(jìn)展使我精疲力竭)”可知，在整個(gè)研究過程中作者遇到了許多困難和失敗。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Hepointedoutthatoverthepast6yearsIhadmasteredmanydifficulttechniques.Mygrowingexpertisewascomparablewiththeverybest.IfIdidn’thavetheanswertomyresearchquestionyet,itwasbecauseofthecomplexity(復(fù)雜性)oftheanswer,notbecauseofpersonalweaknesses.Thisviewpointcalmedme.Ithelpedmepushforwardwithdeterminationandwillpower.Undermyadviser’scontinuedguidanceandsupport,IhitonahypothesisthatworkedoutandIgraduatedfinally.(他指出，在過去的6年里，我掌握了許多高難度的技術(shù)。我不斷增長(zhǎng)的專業(yè)知識(shí)可以與最好的相媲美。如果我還沒有找到我研究問題的答案，那是因?yàn)榇鸢柑珡?fù)雜，而不是因?yàn)槲覀€(gè)人的弱點(diǎn)。這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)使我平靜下來。它幫助我以決心和意志力向前推進(jìn)。在導(dǎo)師的不斷指導(dǎo)和支持下，我想出了一個(gè)可行的假說，最終畢業(yè)了)”可知，導(dǎo)師給予作者鼓勵(lì)、幫助和支持。B選項(xiàng)“Supportive(給予幫助的，支持的，鼓勵(lì)的)”最能描述作者的導(dǎo)師。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容，尤其根據(jù)文章最后一段“LookingbackonmyPhDlife,IrealizedmanygraduatestudentswereinthesameboatasIwas.IwishIcouldtellthemwhatIcametolearn:Noone’sPhDjourneyisthesame;allweneedtodoissticktoit.(回顧我的博士生涯，我意識(shí)到很多研究生都和我一樣。我希望我能告訴他們我來這里的目的：沒有人的博士之旅是相同的；我們要做的就是堅(jiān)持下去)”可知，作者通過他讀博的經(jīng)歷告訴我們堅(jiān)持的重要性，所以C選項(xiàng)“穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打贏得比賽”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。CFollowingitsmoveintopodcasting(播客)twoyearsago,streamingplatformSpotifystartedanaudiobook(有聲書)business.Thoughithasyettostartmakingitsownrecordings,lastautumnitmadeadealfor200,000audiobookstobeavailabletoitsVIPusers.Nottobebeaten,Amazon-ownedAudible,whichhadbeenusedtobeingthemarketleader,uppeditsgame,hiringOscar-winningdirectorSamMendestorecordmulti-voiceversions(版本)ofDickens’novelsOliverTwistandDavidCopperfield,andannouncinglastmonththatithadreachedanagreementforarecordingofJ.K.Rowling’sHarryPotterseries,voicedbymorethan100actorsandfeaturinga“groundbreakingnewsoundscape”.Dramatisedaudiobooksarenotanentirelynewphenomenon.Theuseofmultiplevoicesmadethemaccessibletoreaderswhomightnothavehadthepatienceforthewrittenversions.Forexample,GeorgeSaunders’sLincolnintheBardo,whichsurroundedthedeadsonofAbrahamLincolnwithagroupofspiritvoices,becameagreatgameof“spotthebigname”.Evensingle-voicereadingscansignificantlychangeliteratureinwhichstyleisattheheart.LucyEllmann’shitDucks,Newburyport,isacaseinpoint:athousandstreamofanOhiowoman’sthoughts,writteninasinglesentence.Itunfoldsonaudioasa45-hourmonologue(獨(dú)白),whichisnotthesamethingatall,ifonlybecauseanactorneedstobreathe.Tosaythataudioversionsaredifferentdoesnotmeantheyarenotasgoodasprintedtexts,asbrainscans(掃描)haveshownthattheyexcitethesamepartsofthebrain.Additionally,listeningtostoriesmakesheartsbeatstrongerthanwatchingthem,accordingtoalateststudy.Forpeoplewithdyslexia(閱讀障礙),theycanevenbealifeline—astheycanbeforthosewhodonothavetimefor,orthehabitof,readingbooks.Sowhilewecelebratewhataudiobookshaveincommonwiththeirprintedversions—bothenablethebraintocreateitsownpicturesinaworldwherepre-producedimagestoooftendoalltheworkforus—weshouldalsorecognizethattheyaretranslationsintoadifferentmedium,evenwhenreadbytheauthorsthemselves.Whatiscertainisthatthereisroomforboth.8.WhatstrategydidAudibleusetomaintainitsmarketleaderposition?A.Creatingitsownprize-winningaudiobookcontent.B.Focusingonsingle-voiceaudiobookproductions.C.Offeringlow-pricedaudiobookstoitsnewcustomers.D.Invitingawell-knowndirectortorecordclassicnovels.9.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheeffectsofdifferentversionsofaudiobooks?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bysharingreaders’experiences.C.Bypresentingdata. D.Byreferringtoexperts’words.10.Whatisthepurposeofthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Toshowtheadvantagesofaudiobooks.B.Tocompareaudiobookswithprintedtexts.C.Toinformreadersoffindingsaboutaudiobooks.D.Tostressaudiobooks’valueintreatingdyslexia.11.Whatistheauthor’sviewonthefutureofaudiobooksandprintedtexts?A.Itdependsonthechoicesofreaders.B.Bothofthemholdthefutureofreading.C.Audiobookpopularityisnotexpectedtolast.D.Audiobookswilleventuallyreplaceprintedtexts.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.B【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，文章討論了有聲書的興起及其與印刷書籍的差異，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者各有優(yōu)勢(shì)，未來將共存?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Nottobebeaten,Amazon-ownedAudible,whichhadbeenusedtobeingthemarketleader,uppeditsgame,hiringOscar-winningdirectorSamMendestorecordmulti-voiceversions(版本)ofDickens’novelsOliverTwistandDavidCopperfield,andannouncinglastmonththatithadreachedanagreementforarecordingofJ.K.Rowling’sHarryPotterseries,voicedbymorethan100actorsandfeaturinga“groundbreakingnewsoundscape”.(亞馬遜旗下的Audible公司也不甘被打敗，它一直以來都是市場(chǎng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。該公司也提升了自己的水平，聘請(qǐng)了奧斯卡獲獎(jiǎng)導(dǎo)演薩姆·門德斯為狄更斯的小說《霧都孤兒》和《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》錄制多聲部版本，并于上月宣布與J.K.羅琳的《哈利·波特》系列唱片達(dá)成協(xié)議，由100多名演員配音，并以“突破性的新音景”為特色)”可知，Audible公司邀請(qǐng)了知名導(dǎo)演錄制經(jīng)典小說來保持市場(chǎng)領(lǐng)先地位。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Forexample,GeorgeSaunders’sLincolnintheBardo,whichsurroundedthedeadsonofAbrahamLincolnwithagroupofspiritvoices,becameagreatgameof“spotthebigname”.(例如，喬治·桑德斯的《林肯在中陰界》中，亞伯拉罕·林肯死去的兒子被一群靈魂的聲音包圍，成為一個(gè)偉大的“發(fā)現(xiàn)大人物”的游戲)”及第四段“LucyEllmann’shitDucks,Newburyport,isacaseinpoint:athousandstreamofanOhiowoman’sthoughts,writteninasinglesentence.Itunfoldsonaudioasa45-hourmonologue(獨(dú)白),whichisnotthesamethingatall,ifonlybecauseanactorneedstobreathe.(露西·埃爾曼的熱門作品《鴨子，紐伯里波特》就是一個(gè)很好的例子：一個(gè)俄亥俄女人用一句話寫了一千頁的思想流。它以一段45小時(shí)的音頻獨(dú)白展開，這完全不是一回事，因?yàn)檠輪T需要呼吸)”可知，作者通過具體案例呈現(xiàn)有聲書的效果。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Tosaythataudioversionsaredifferentdoesnotmeantheyarenotasgoodasprintedtexts,asbrainscans(掃描)haveshownthattheyexcitethesamepartsofthebrain.Additionally,listeningtostoriesmakesheartsbeatstrongerthanwatchingthem,accordingtoalateststudy.Forpeoplewithdyslexia(閱讀障礙),theycanevenbealifeline—astheycanbeforthosewhodonothavetimefor,orthehabitof,readingbooks.(說音頻版本不同并不意味著它們不如印刷文本好，因?yàn)槟X部掃描顯示，它們刺激的是大腦的相同部分。此外，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)最新研究，聽故事比看故事更能讓人心跳加快。對(duì)于有閱讀障礙的人來說，他們甚至可以成為生命線——就像他們可以成為那些沒有時(shí)間或沒有讀書習(xí)慣的人一樣)”可知，本段展示了有聲讀物的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選A。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Sowhilewecelebratewhataudiobookshaveincommonwiththeirprintedversions—bothenablethebraintocreateitsownpicturesinaworldwherepre-producedimagestoooftendoalltheworkforus—weshouldalsorecognizethattheyaretranslationsintoadifferentmedium,evenwhenreadbytheauthorsthemselves.Whatiscertainisthatthereisroomforboth.(因此，當(dāng)我們慶祝有聲書與紙質(zhì)書的共同之處時(shí)——兩者都能讓大腦在一個(gè)預(yù)先制作的圖像經(jīng)常為我們做所有工作的世界里創(chuàng)造自己的圖像——我們也應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到，它們被翻譯成一種不同的媒介，即使是作者自己讀的?？梢钥隙ǖ氖?，兩者都有發(fā)展空間)”可知，作者認(rèn)為有聲書和紙質(zhì)書都掌握著閱讀的未來。故選B。DThepleasurepeoplegetfromapieceofmusichasbeenlinkedtoitseffectsonouremotionalresponsesandabilitytoformsocialconnections.Thedegreeofenjoymentdiffersfrompersontoperson,butlittleisknownaboutwhy.Toseeifgenetics(遺傳學(xué))canaccountforit,GiacomoBignardiattheMaxPlanckInstituteforPsycholinguisticsintheNetherlandsandhiscolleaguesconductedanewstudy.Theresearcherslookedatmorethan9,000twinsfromtheSwedishTwinRegistry.About3,400wereidentical(同卵的)and5,600non-identical.Theformersharethesamegenome(基因組),whilenon-identicaltwinsshareonlyhalftheirgenomes,whichenabledtheresearcherstodeterminetheeffectsofgenesthroughcomparison.Besides,allthetwinsinthestudywereraisedinthesamehouseholdsandsogrewupwithsimilarenvironmentalinfluences.Thismadeiteasiertosortoutgeneticcontributions.TheresearchersgotthetwinstocompletetheBarcelonaMusicRewardQuestionnaire,whichfocusedonhowmuchpleasuretheygetfrommusic.Forexample,theywereaskedtheextenttowhichtheyagreedwithstatementssuchas“whenIsharemusicwithsomeoneIfeelaspecialconnectionwiththatperson”and“inmyfreetimeIhardlylistentomusic”.Theresultshowedthatgenesseemtoplayasignificantroleininfluencinghowmuchpleasuremusicbrings,withtheidenticaltwinsbeingmorethantwiceassimilarinthisfeatureasthenon-identicalones.“Whileit’sfairlyunderstandablethatmusicalabilitymighthaveageneticbasis,whichprovidesaneasyexplanationforwhysomepeopleseemtohaveatalentformusic,it’sobscurethatthedegreeofpleasurefromlisteningtomusicisinfluencedbygenes,soitisinspiringthatthestudyfindsthiseffect,”saysPeterHarrisonattheUniversityofCambridge.However,NickCollinsatDurhamUniversity,UKthinksdifferently.“Certainmusicalabilitiesandpreferencesmaybeinfluencedbygenetics,buttherearealargenumberofculturalelementsinmusicdevelopmentthatarenotaddressedbygeneticsalone,”hesays.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Howtwinscontributetotheprogressofgeneticresearch.B.Whytheresearcherschosethetwinsasresearchsubjects.C.Whatmakesthenewstudydifferentfrompreviousones.D.Whatinspiredtheresearcherstoconductthenewstudy.13.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A.Thesecretofmusicaltalentliesinourgenes.B.Ourgenesdeterminewhatkindofmusicwelike.C.Ourgenescaninfluencehowmuchweenjoymusic.D.Thepleasurethatdifferentpeoplegetfrommusicvariesgreatly.14.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“obscure”inparagraph4?A.easytoconclude. B.reasonabletoassume.C.impossibletoprove. D.difficulttosee.15.WhatisNickCollins’attitudetowardstheresearchfinding?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Supportive. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于基因?qū)θ藗儚囊魳分蝎@得快樂的影響的研究?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearcherslookedatmorethan9,000twinsfromtheSwedishTwinRegistry.About3,400wereidentical(同卵的)and5,600non-identical.Theformersharethesamegenome(基因組),whilenon-identicaltwinsshareonlyhalftheirgenomes,whichenabledtheresearcherstodeterminetheeffectsofgenesthroughcomparison.Besides,allthetwinsinthestudywereraisedinthesamehouseholdsandsogrewupwithsimilarenvironmentalinfluences.Thismadeiteasiertosortoutgeneticcontributions.(研究人員觀察了瑞典雙胞胎登記處的9000多名雙胞胎。其中大約3400對(duì)是同卵雙胞胎，5600對(duì)是異卵雙胞胎。前者擁有相同的基因組，而異卵雙胞胎只共享一半的基因組，這使得研究人員能夠通過比較來確定基因的影響。此外，研究中的所有雙胞胎都在同一個(gè)家庭中長(zhǎng)大，因此成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境相似。這使得區(qū)分基因的貢獻(xiàn)變得更容易。)”可知，研究人員選擇雙胞胎作為研究對(duì)象是因?yàn)樗麄兛梢酝ㄟ^比較同卵雙胞胎和異卵雙胞胎的基因差異來確定基因的影響；由此可知，從第二段可以了解為什么研究人員選擇雙胞胎作為研究對(duì)象。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresultshowedthatgenesseemtoplayasignificantroleininfluencinghowmuchpleasuremusicbrings,withtheidenticaltwinsbeingmorethantwiceassimilarinthisfeatureasthenon-identicalones.(結(jié)果表明，基因似乎在影響音樂帶來的快樂程度方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，同卵雙胞胎在這一特征上的相似性是非同卵雙胞胎的兩倍多。)”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)是我們的基因可以影響我們從音樂中獲得多少快樂。故選C?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Whileit’sfairlyunderstandablethatmusicalabilitymighthaveageneticbasis,whichprovidesaneasyexplanationforwhysomepeopleseemtohaveatalentformusic.(雖然音樂能力可能有遺傳基礎(chǔ)是相當(dāng)容易理解的，這為為什么有些人似乎有音樂天賦提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的解釋。)可知，“obscure”所在的部分與上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，上文說音樂能力有遺傳基礎(chǔ)是容易理解的，那么可推測(cè)出“obscure”的意思應(yīng)該是“不容易看出”或“難以察覺”。故選D。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Certainmusicalabilitiesandpreferencesmaybeinfluencedbygenetics,buttherearealargenumberofculturalelementsinmusicdevelopmentthatarenotaddressedbygeneticsalone.(某些音樂能力和偏好可能受到遺傳學(xué)的影響，但在音樂發(fā)展中存在大量文化元素，這些元素并非僅由遺傳學(xué)所能解釋。)”可知，NickCollins認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果有疑點(diǎn)，即他對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Sometimes,it’sgoodtobebored“Iamdyingofboredom,”complainstheyoungwifeYelenainChekhov’s1897playUncleVanya.Ofcourse,ifYelenawerearoundtoday,weknowwhatshewoulddo:pullouthersmartphoneandfindsomethingfun.Todayitiseasytogetridofboredom.____16____Thatisthefindingoftwofascinatingrecentstudies.Inone,researchersaskedsubjectstodosomethingboring,likecopyingoutnumbersfromaphonebook,andthentaketestsofcreativethinkings.Theresult?____17____Inthesecondstudy,subjectsgavemoreanswerstoawordtestthananon-boredcontrolgroupafterbeingforcedtowatchadullscreensaver.“Anrestlessmindhungersforstimulation,soboredombecomesaseekingstate,”saysSandiMann,thepsychologistattheUniversityofCentralLancashire.“____18____”Parentswilltellyouthatkidswith“nothingtodo”willeventuallyinventsomefungamestoplay—withacardboardbox,alightswitch,whatever.Theproblem,theresearchersworry,isthatthesedayswedon’tstruggletoovercometheseslowmoments.“___19___”Mannsays.“Thismightrelieveustemporarily,butitshutsdownthedeeperthinking.”Sohereisanidea:Insteadofalwaysavoidingboredom,embraceandfaceit.Sometimes,anyway.Mannhasfoundshegetssomeofherbestthinkingdonewhensheisdrivinghercarandthereforecan’tbedistractedbyherphone.____20____Thegoodtypeinspiresyoutoseewhatcancomeofit.Thebadtype,incontrast,tiresyouandmakesyoufeellikeyoucan’tbebotheredtodoanything.Animportantpartofourmoderntask,then,islearningtoevaluatethesedifferenttypesofboredom—todistinguishtheusefulkindfromtheharmfulone.A.Andthereis,ofcourse,badboredom.B.Boredsubjectscameupwithmorecreativeideas.C.Butwhatifboredomisameaningfulexperience?D.Thesemomentsarealotmorevaluablethanexpected.E.Actually,tipsongettingawayfromboredomarecountless.F.Wetrytokilleverymomentofboredomwithmobiledevices.G.Whennotsatisfiedwithyourstate,you’reseekingandengaged.【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.F20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了無聊的好處，兩項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)無聊可以激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，并提出我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分好的無聊和糟糕的無聊。【16題詳析】上文提到““Iamdyingofboredom,”complainstheyoungwifeYelenainChekhov’s1897playUncleVanya.

Ofcourse,ifYelenawerearoundtoday,weknowwhatshewoulddo:pullouthersmartphoneandfindsomethingfun.Todayitiseasytogetridofboredom.(在契訶夫1897年的戲劇《萬尼亞叔叔》中，年輕的妻子葉蓮娜抱怨道：“我無聊得要死?！碑?dāng)然，如果葉蓮娜在今天，我們知道她會(huì)做什么：拿出她的智能手機(jī)，找一些有趣的事情。今天擺脫無聊很容易)”指出人們討厭無聊，總是想擺脫無聊。C項(xiàng)“Butwhatifboredomisameaningfulexperience?(但如果無聊是一種有意義的體驗(yàn)?zāi)?)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出下文兩項(xiàng)研究的新發(fā)現(xiàn)：無聊可以激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，同時(shí)C項(xiàng)中“boredomisameaningfulexperience”與下文中“That”構(gòu)成指代關(guān)系。故選C?！?7題詳析】上文“Inone,researchersaskedsubjectstodosomethingboring,likecopyingoutnumbersfromaphonebook,andthentaketestsofcreativethinkings.Theresult?(在第一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員讓受試者做一些無聊的事情，比如從電話簿中抄錄數(shù)字，然后進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性思維的測(cè)試。結(jié)果呢?)”提到一項(xiàng)關(guān)于創(chuàng)造性思維的研究并提出問題。B項(xiàng)“Boredsubjectscameupwithmorecreativeideas.(無聊的受試者提出了更多有創(chuàng)造性的想法)”回答問題給出答案，說明在這項(xiàng)研究中無聊的受試者提出了更多有創(chuàng)造性的想法，上下文語意連貫。故選B?！?8題詳析】上文提到“Anrestlessmindhungersforstimulation,soboredombecomesaseekingstate,(焦躁不安的頭腦渴望刺激，因此無聊成為一種尋求的狀態(tài))”說明無聊會(huì)讓人尋求新的東西。G項(xiàng)“Whennotsatisfiedwithyourstate,you’reseekingandengaged.(當(dāng)你不滿足于你的狀態(tài)時(shí)，你就會(huì)去尋找和投入)”與上文語意一致，也是中央蘭開夏大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家SandiMann的觀點(diǎn)，說明無聊會(huì)激發(fā)人的探索和創(chuàng)新精神。同時(shí)下文“kidswith“nothingtodo”willeventuallyinventsomefungamestoplay—withacardboardbox,alightswitch,whatever.(“無事可做”的孩子們最終會(huì)發(fā)明一些有趣的游戲來玩——用紙板箱、電燈開關(guān)等等)”對(duì)此進(jìn)行了舉例說明，上下文語意連貫。故選G?！?9題詳析】設(shè)空句和下文“Thismightrelieveustemporarily,butitshutsdownthedeeperthinking.(這可能會(huì)讓我們暫時(shí)緩解無聊，但它會(huì)阻止我們更深層次的思考)”都是Mann的觀點(diǎn)，根據(jù)下文中“Thismightrelieveustemporarily(這或許會(huì)讓我們暫時(shí)放松)”可知，設(shè)空句會(huì)提到一種暫時(shí)緩解無聊的方法。F項(xiàng)“Wetrytokilleverymomentofboredomwithmobiledevices.(我們?cè)噲D用移動(dòng)設(shè)備打發(fā)無聊的每一刻)”中提出我們用移動(dòng)設(shè)備打發(fā)無聊，與下文“This”構(gòu)成指代關(guān)系，上下文語意連貫。故選F?！?0題詳析】下文“Thegoodtypeinspiresyoutoseewhatcancomeofit.Thebadtype,incontrast,tiresyouandmakesyoufeellikeyoucan’tbebotheredtodoanything.(好的類型激勵(lì)你看到它（帶來的好的）結(jié)果。相反，糟糕的類型會(huì)讓你感到疲憊，讓你覺得自己什么都懶得做)”提到兩種不同類型的無聊。A項(xiàng)“Andthereis,ofcourse,badboredom.(當(dāng)然，也有糟糕的無聊)”引出下文對(duì)兩種無聊類型的對(duì)比和討論，上下文語意連貫。故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Edmondwasaschoolbusdriverfor22years.Onemorning,therainpouringdown,heandthebusmonitorValentinewerecalledto____21____astudentwhomissedthebus.What____22____themwasthatthestudentdidn’tappearwhentheyreachedthespecifiedplace.EdmondandValentinedidn’texpecttheyhadalarger____23____toachieve.Justaroundthecorner,theyfoundtwochildren____24____intherushingfloodwaters.Theboyandthegirlwerestrugglingtoholdontoa____25____toavoidbeingsweptaway.EdmondandValentinecouldn’t____26____tosavethem,butneithercouldswim.Jumpingintoactionmeantputtingtheirown____27____ontheline.Sincethebuswasforspecialneedschildren,itwas____28____withremovableseatbelts.Theygota(n)____29____.Immediatelytheytiedtheseatbeltstogethersoasto_____30_____thechildren.Close-byneighborsadditionallygothereto_____31_____,andthegroupmadecombinedeffortsto_____32_____theboyandthegirlfromthetree.Theycreatedahumanchainand_____33_____thetiedbeltsoutuntilEdmondgotafirmholdonthechildrenandpulledthemtosafety.Thetwochildrenwere_____34_____toEdmond,givinghimabighug.Surroundingthem,everyonepresentwasfilledwithhappiness,thoughwetallover.Thisgreatrescueoperationwentviral(走紅)onsocialmediaanddrewpraisefortheir_____35_____fromallquarters.21.A.lookafter B.sendfor C.pickup D.callon22.A.discouraged B.amused C.excited D.impressed23.A.dream B.goal C.success D.task24.A.diving B.playing C.stuck D.prepared25.A.tree B.belt C.seat D.bus26.A.offer B.wait C.pretend D.long27.A.lives B.future C.jobs D.family28.A.covered B.decorated C.filled D.equipped29.A.suggestion B.idea C.belief D.conclusion30.A.lock B.search C.reach D.hang31.A.help B.cheer C.respond D.watch32.A.protect B.tell C.free D.tear33.A.extended B.pushed C.threw D.kicked34.A.appealing B.grateful C.important D.close35.A.attitude B.description C.action D.fortune【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.A26.B27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.C33.A34.B35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了校車司機(jī)愛德蒙和班長(zhǎng)瓦倫丁在大雨傾盆的早上救出被洪水圍困的兩個(gè)孩子的故事。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：一天早上，大雨傾盆而下，他和班長(zhǎng)瓦倫丁接到電話，去接一個(gè)錯(cuò)過公交車的學(xué)生。A.lookafter照顧；B.sendfor派人去請(qǐng)；C.pickup開車接；D.callon號(hào)召。根據(jù)上文“Edmondwasaschoolbusdriver”和下文“What________themwasthatthestudentdidn’tappearwhentheyreachedthespecifiedplace.”可知，愛德蒙和班長(zhǎng)去接一個(gè)錯(cuò)過公交車的學(xué)生。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：讓他們沮喪的是，他們到達(dá)指定地點(diǎn)時(shí)學(xué)生沒有出現(xiàn)。A.discouraged使沮喪；B.amused被逗樂的；C.excited使激動(dòng)；D.impressed使印象深刻。根據(jù)上文“therainpouringdown”和下文“thatthestudentdidn’tappearwhentheyreachedthespecifiedplace.”可知，那天早上大雨傾盆，他們專門去接那名學(xué)生，但學(xué)生卻沒有出現(xiàn)，這讓他們很沮喪。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：愛德蒙和瓦倫丁沒想到他們還有更大的任務(wù)要完成。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.goal目標(biāo)；C.success成功；D.task任務(wù)。根據(jù)下文“Justaroundthecorner,theyfoundtwochildren________intherushingfloodwaters.”可知，愛德蒙和瓦倫丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，這是一個(gè)更大的任務(wù)。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在拐角處，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)孩子被困在洶涌的洪水中。A.diving潛水；B.playing玩耍；C.stuck陷?。籇.prepared準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)下文“Theboyandthegirlwerestrugglingtoholdontoa________toavoidbeingsweptaway.”可知，男孩和女孩掙扎著抓住一棵樹，以免被卷走，由此表示兩個(gè)孩子被困在洶涌的洪水中。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：男孩和女孩掙扎著抓住一棵樹，以免被卷走。A.tree樹；B.belt腰帶；C.seat座位；D.bus公交車。根據(jù)下文“thegroupmadecombinedeffortsto________theboyandthegirlfromthetree.”可知，此處指男孩和女孩掙扎著抓住一棵樹。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：愛德蒙和瓦倫丁迫不及待地想救他們，但他們都不會(huì)游泳。A.offer提供；B.wait等待；C.pretend假裝；D.long期待。根據(jù)后文“tosavethem”和常識(shí)可知，當(dāng)時(shí)情況危急，所以愛德蒙和瓦倫丁迫不及待地想救他們。couldn’twaittodosth.意為“迫不及待地做某事”。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：采取行動(dòng)意味著將自己的生命置于危險(xiǎn)之中。A.lives生命；B.future將來；C.jobs工作；D.family家庭。根據(jù)上文“butneithercouldswim”可知，他們都不會(huì)游泳，在如此危急的情況下救人肯定意味著將自己的生命置于危險(xiǎn)之中。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于這輛巴士是為有特殊需要的兒童而設(shè)計(jì)的，所以它配備了可拆卸的安全帶。A.covered覆蓋；B.decorated裝飾；C.filled填充；D.equipped安裝。根據(jù)上文“Sincethebuswasforspecialneedschildren”以及后文“withremovableseatbelts.”可知，此處指它配備了可拆卸的安全帶。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們有了主意。他們立即把安全帶系在一起，以便夠到孩子們。A.suggestion建議；B.idea主意；C.belief信念；D.conclusion結(jié)論。根據(jù)下文“Immediatelytheytiedtheseatbeltstogethersoasto________thechildren.”可知，這是他們想到的主意，立即把安全帶系在一起，以便夠到孩子們。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.lock鎖；B.search尋找；C.reach到達(dá)，能伸到；D.hang懸掛。根據(jù)前文“theytiedtheseatbeltstogether”可知，他們把安全帶系在一起是為了夠到孩子們。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：附近的鄰居們也來到這里幫忙，一群人共同努力將男孩和女孩從樹上解救出來。A.help幫助；B.cheer歡呼；C.respond回應(yīng)；D.watch觀看。根據(jù)下文“thegroupmadecombinedeffortsto________theboyandtheg