中考英語完成時(shí)態(tài)專題訓(xùn)練題庫完成時(shí)態(tài)（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)）是中考英語語法的核心考查模塊，其考查形式貫穿單選、完形、閱讀、寫作等題型，重點(diǎn)檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生對(duì)“動(dòng)作先后邏輯”“時(shí)間語境關(guān)聯(lián)”及“動(dòng)詞形態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換”的掌握能力。本文結(jié)合中考命題規(guī)律，梳理核心考點(diǎn)并設(shè)計(jì)分層訓(xùn)練題庫，助力學(xué)生系統(tǒng)突破。一、核心考點(diǎn)梳理（一）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（**have/has+過去分詞**）1.基本用法已完成動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作結(jié)果或遺留狀態(tài)（如：*Ihavelostmykey.*鑰匙丟了，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)不去門）。持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài)：常與“for+時(shí)間段”“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句”連用（如：*Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears.*）。過去發(fā)生的重復(fù)動(dòng)作：表示從過去到現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)歷（如：*IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.*）。2.標(biāo)志詞/短語already,yet,ever,never,just,sofar,inthepastfewyears,for+時(shí)間段,since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句3.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：短暫性動(dòng)詞（如buy,borrow,die）不可與“for/since”連用，需轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（如buy→have,borrow→keep,die→bedead）。（二）過去完成時(shí)（**had+過去分詞**）1.基本用法：表示“過去的過去”——在過去某一動(dòng)作/時(shí)間之前，已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作（如：*BythetimeIgotup,mymotherhadcookedbreakfast.*我起床時(shí)，媽媽已經(jīng)做好了早飯）。2.標(biāo)志詞/短語bythetime,before+過去時(shí)間/從句,when+過去時(shí)從句（主句表更早動(dòng)作）二、專題訓(xùn)練題庫（分層突破）題型一：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇（語境辨析+語法規(guī)則）例題1—Haveyou______beentotheGreatWall?—Yes,Iwenttherelastyear.A.neverB.everC.alreadyD.yet解析：考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞。*ever*用于疑問句表“曾經(jīng)”，*never*表“從未”（與答句矛盾），*already/yet*多用于肯定句/否定句/疑問句（*yet*常放句末）。答案：B。例題2He______thebookforaweek.Hemustreturnitnow.A.borrowedB.hasborrowedC.keptD.haskept解析：*foraweek*表時(shí)間段，需用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。*borrow*是短暫性動(dòng)詞，轉(zhuǎn)換為*keep*；且動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案：D。練習(xí)題（節(jié)選）1.We______(learn)Englishforsixyears.(用所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空)2.Bythetimehearrived,themeeting______(end).3.—Hasshefinishedherhomework______?—Yes,shediditanhourago.A.yetB.alreadyC.everD.never題型二：句型轉(zhuǎn)換（結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換+邏輯理解）例題Heboughtthebiketwoyearsago.（改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）He____________thebikefortwoyears.解析：原句“twoyearsago”改為“fortwoyears”，需將短暫性動(dòng)詞*buy*轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞*have*，且用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案：hashad。練習(xí)題（節(jié)選）1.Iborrowedthisbooklastweek.（改為同義句，用*for*引導(dǎo)）I____________thisbook______aweek.2.Shelefthereanhourago.（改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，用*since*引導(dǎo)）She__________________fromhere______anhourago.題型三：語篇填空（語境+時(shí)態(tài)綜合運(yùn)用）閱讀短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：I______(live)inthiscitysinceIwasborn.Myparents______(work)hereforovertenyears.Lastyear,we______(plan)tomovetoanewhouse,butbythetimewefoundasuitableone,theprice______(rise)alot.Sowe______(decide)towait.解析：第一空：*sinceIwasborn*表“從過去到現(xiàn)在”，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：havelived第二空：*forovertenyears*表時(shí)間段，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：haveworked第三空：*lastyear*表過去時(shí)間，用一般過去時(shí)：planned第四空：*bythetime+過去時(shí)（found）*，表“過去的過去”，用過去完成時(shí)：hadrisen第五空：*so*連接的并列句，時(shí)態(tài)與前句（一般過去時(shí)）一致：decided題型四：閱讀理解（完成時(shí)態(tài)語境分析）閱讀短文，回答問題（節(jié)選含完成時(shí)態(tài)的段落）：“...Ihavebeenavolunteerattheanimalshelterforthreemonths.EverySaturday,Ihelptakecareofthedogsandcats.BythetimeIleaveat5p.m.,Ihavealreadyfinishedfeedingalltheanimals...”1.Howlonghasthewriterbeenavolunteer?2.Whatdoes“bythetimeIleave”meaninthecontext?解析：1.定位“*forthreemonths*”，答案：*Forthreemonths.*2.考查過去完成時(shí)語境：“*bythetime+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（表經(jīng)常動(dòng)作）*”，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，說明“離開前已經(jīng)完成喂動(dòng)物的動(dòng)作”。三、解題策略總結(jié)1.抓時(shí)間標(biāo)志：*for/since*（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）、*bythetime/before+過去時(shí)間*（過去完成時(shí)）。2.辨動(dòng)詞類型：短暫性動(dòng)詞（如*leave,start*）與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（如*beaway,beon*）的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則（見考點(diǎn)梳理）。3.析語境邏輯：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)看“對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響/持續(xù)”，過去完成時(shí)看“動(dòng)作的先后順序（過去的過去）”。通過系統(tǒng)訓(xùn)練（結(jié)合題庫題型+策略