第1頁/共24頁吉林市普通中學2024-2025學年度高中畢業(yè)年級第一次模擬測試英語試題小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howisthemanfeeling?A.Excited.B.Relaxed.C.Anxious.2.Whatdoesthewomanrecommend?A.Anearerbank.B.Alessexpensivecafe.C.Abetterplaceforsightseeing.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inaboat.B.Onaplane.C.Onamountain.4.Whatshouldthemandofirst?A.Frythevegetables.B.Mixtheflourandwater.C.Takethechickenoutofthefridge.5.Whattimeisitnow?A.20:30.B.21:00.C.21:30.選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作第2頁/共24頁6.Wherehasthewomanfoundthereport?A.Onthedesk.B.OnthefloorC.Onthebookshelf.7.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Sendareport.B.Cleanherroom.C.Buyanewdesk.8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Fellowworkers.9.Whatindustrydoesthewomanprobablyworkin?A.Fashion.B.Technology.C.Foodservice.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Writeanemail.B.Shopforshirts.C.Gotothecafeteria.11Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?.A.Food.B.Restaurants.C.Foreigncountries.12.Whatisthewoman’snationality?A.American.B.Italian.C.Chinese.13.WhydomanyWesternershavehealthproblemsaccordingtotheman?A.Theylackexercise.BTheyeattoomuchfatandsugar..C.Theyeatinrestaurantstoooften.14.Whatdoestheman’sfatherdoforaliving?A.Heisacook.B.Heisadoctor.C.Heisamedicaltypist.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhismother’sjob?A.Itisboring.B.Itishelpful.C.Itismeaningless.16.Howoftendoesthewomangetpaid?A.Onceamonth.B.Everythreeweeks.C.Everytwoweeks.17.Whatwasthemostimportantreasonforthewomanchoosingthejob?A.Tostudymedicine.B.Totakecareofpatients.第3頁/共24頁C.Tobalanceworkandfamily.18.HowdidYuChenstandoutfromhiscompetitorsattheinterview?A.Hedidbetteronthetechnologytests.B.Hehadmoreworkexperience.C.Hehadabetterdegree：19.WhyisAnnabelworkingfromhometoday?A.Sheissick.B.Shehasjusthadababy.C.Shehastotakecareofherchild.20.WheredoesAlisonwork?A.Fromhome.B.Intheoffice.C.Amixofthetwo.AWinaseven-nighttriptoSTKITTSfortwoTHEDESTINATIONWith18milesofgreenmountainsandoneoftheworld’sonlyexpandingrainforests,StKittsisaCaribbeandestinationwithauniqueflavor.ItslocationbetweentheAtlanticOceanandCaribbeanSeagivesitsbeachesdistinctivelydifferentcolors,fromattractivegoldentovolcanicblack.Visitorscanzipline(滑索)abovetherainforestforathrillingadventure,ridethe‘LastRailwayintheWestIndies’,discovertheUNESCO-listedBrimstoneHillFortressandevenbecomeaKittitianrum(朗姆酒)master.Enjoyitallfromtheisland’spremierluxuryresort,ParkHyattStKittsChristopheHarbor,whereguestscantakeadipinoneoftwoswimmingpools,relaxinthestylishspa,dineinachoiceofthreesymbolicrestaurantsandsipacocktailwhiletakinginsunsetviewsofneighboringNevis,THEPRIZEThewinnerandaguestwillenjoyaseven-nightstayinadoubleroomatParkHyattStKittsonaroom-onlybasis.TheprizeincludesreturneconomyBritishAirwaysflightsfromGatwickandreturnairporttransfersinStKitts.ThetouroperatorInspiringTraveloffersconcierge-style(禮賓)serviceand24/7supportwhileonthego.TOENTERAnswerthefollowingquestiononlineatnatgeotv/uk/competitions.WHAT’STHENAMEOFTHEUNESCO-LISTEDFORTRESSONSTKITTS?Competitioncloseson31March2024.ThewinnermustbeaUKresidentandaged18orover.1.Whatcanweknowaboutthedestination?A.Thecolourofthebeachesisattractivegolden.B.Guestscanexperienceathrillingadventureofzippingline.C.ParkHyattStKittsChristopheHarbourisfarfromtheisland.D.Travelerscanadmirethemostamazingsunsetviewthere.2.Whichisnotincludedintheprize?A.Aseven-nightstayinadoubleroomatParkHyattStKitts.B.DailymealsduringthestayatParkHyattStKitts.C.Concierge-styleserviceand24/7support.D.RoundtripeconomyBritishAirwaysflightsfromGatwick.3.Accordingtothepassage,whohasthequalificationtowin?A.Tom,anAmericaninterestedinthenaturalscenery.B.Jerry,aChineseteenagerwholovestravelling.C.Lucy,whosignedupon1April,2024.D.Rebaca,a19-year-oldBritishgirl.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了圣基茨七日游的獎品詳情及參賽資格要求?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)THEDESTINATION部分中的“Visitorscanzipline(滑索)abovetherainforestforathrillingadventure,ridethe‘LastRailwayintheWestIndies’,discovertheUNESCO-listedBrimstoneHillFortressandevenbecomeaKittitianrum(朗姆酒)master.(游客可以在雨林上方體驗滑索冒險，乘坐“西印度群島最后的鐵路”，探索聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)的布里斯托山丘堡，甚至還可以成為基蒂安朗姆酒大師)”可知，游客可以在圣基茨體驗刺激的滑索冒險。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)THEPRIZE部分中的“Thewinnerandaguestwillenjoyaseven-nightstayinadoubleroomatParkHyattStKittsonaroom-onlybasis.TheprizeincludesreturneconomyBritishAirwaysflightsfromGatwickandreturnairporttransfersinStKitts.ThetouroperatorInspiringTraveloffersconcierge-style(禮賓)第4頁/共24頁serviceand24/7supportwhileonthego.(獲獎?wù)呒捌湟晃豢腿藢⒃赑arkHyattStKitts享受為期七晚的雙人房住宿，僅含房間費用。獎品包括從蓋特威克出發(fā)的往返經(jīng)濟艙英國航空機票以及在圣基茨的往返機場接送服務(wù)。旅游運營商InspiringTravel在旅途中提供禮賓式服務(wù)和24小時支持)”可知，獎品包括在ParkHyattStKitts的雙人間住七晚、從蓋特威克出發(fā)的英國航空經(jīng)濟艙往返航班、禮賓式服務(wù)和24小時支持。但并未提及獎品包含在ParkHyattStKitts的餐飲費用。因此，不包括在內(nèi)的獎品是：在ParkHyattStKitts逗留期間的每日餐食。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TOENTER部分中的“Competitioncloseson31March2024.ThewinnermustbeaUKresidentandaged18orover.(比賽將于2024年3月31日結(jié)束。獲勝者必須是英國居民并且年滿18歲或以上)”可知，比賽截止日期為2024年3月31日，獲獎?wù)弑仨毷怯用?，且年滿18歲或以上。選項中只有Rebaca符合要求，她是一名19歲的英國女孩。故選D。BA13-year-oldboy,JonathanWerner,isbreakinganewpathwhenitcomestotheScout(童子軍)slogan“DoaGoodTurnDaily”.TheboyinTroop506hasgotanunusualhighrankforsomeonethatage.Likemanytroops,506sellspopcorneachfalltoraisemoney.In2019,Jonathanwatchedaskidswho’dmade$1,800ormoreinsalesreceivedaLegosetasareward.“IreallywantedthatLegoset,”hesays.Thenextyear,heearnedhisLegos.ButTroop506doesn’tjustgiveoutLegosets.Underitsgenerousrewardprogram,scoutsreceiveapercentageoftheirsalesingiftcardsandcashpoints.Inspired,Jonathanspentthenextfewyearsdevelopingsomeastonishingtricksforselling.Popcorntooexpensive?Asimpledonationwoulddo.Nocash?Creditcardswereacceptable.Hesetupinfrontoflocalstores,working12-houraday.Duringthepandemic,heevenstruckadealwithacardealer:Inallhissalesefforts,he’dwearamaskwiththecompany’slogoiftheownerwouldbuypopcornforallhisemployees.Jonathanstartedpullingdownjaw-droppingnumbers.In2025,heearned$46,193.75insales.Hemighthavespentmuchonhimself,buthehadotherideas.PopcornseasonclosesinlateNovember,andtheholidayswereonhismind—particularlythestorieshisfather,SteveKolk,hadtoldhimabouthisowndaysinfoster(寄養(yǎng))care.“Theydidn’treallyhaveChristmas,”Jonathansays.With$5,000,hecouldbringChristmastoalotofkids.Heshiftedfrombigsellertobigspender,hand-selecting$5,000worthofgiftsfordozensofkidsaccordingtotheirpersonaldetails.Eachpresentmustbehand-wrapped.Andnokidshouldgetjustonegift.Ifyouweren’tunwrappingatleasttwopackages,youweren’tgettingtherealChristmas-morningexperiencethathisfatherneverhad.Thenextyearhestrengthenedhisefforts,achievingahigheraiminsalesandspendingmoreongifts.“Itreally第5頁/共24頁makesmehappy,”hesays,“thefeelingthatI’mmakingthosekidshappyonChristmas.”4.WhatoriginallymotivatedJonathantosellmorepopcorn?A.MakingmoneyforLegosets.B.Beingpersuadedbyscoutkids.C.Desiringatoyhedreamedabout.D.Receivinggiftcardsandcashpoints.5.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.ChallengesJonathanmetinsales.B.Helpthatthecardealerprovided.C.MarketingstrategiesJonathanused.D.Theroletherewardprogramplayed.6.WhydidJonathanturnintoabigspenderoverChristmas?A.HehopedthekidscouldexperiencearealChristmas.B.Hisfathersuggestedheshouldpayitforward.C.Hehadearnedenoughmoneytospendongifts.D.Ascoutshoulddothisduringpopcornclosingseason.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJonathan?A.Determined,caring.B.Generous,cautious.C.Confident,economical.D.Modest,optimistic.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講的是506部隊的童子軍ScoutJonathan通過賣爆米花來籌集資金給孩子們買圣誕禮物的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Likemanytroops,506sellspopcorneachfalltoraisemoney.In2019,Jonathanwatchedaskidswho’dmade$1,800ormoreinsalesreceivedaLegosetasareward.“IreallywantedthatLegoset,”hesays.(像許多部隊一樣，506部隊每年秋天都會出售爆米花來籌集資金。2019年，喬納森看到銷售額達到或超過1800美元的孩子們得到了一套樂高積木作為獎勵?！拔艺娴暮芟胍翘讟犯叻e木，”他說。)”可知最初促使Jonathan賣出更多爆米花的原因是他想要一個他夢想中的樂高玩具。故選C項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Hesetupinfrontoflocalstores,working12-houraday.Duringthepandemic,he第6頁/共24頁evenstruckadealwithacardealer:Inallhissalesefforts,he’dwearamaskwiththecompany’slogoiftheownerwouldbuypopcornforallhisemployees.(他在當?shù)厣痰觊T口擺攤，每天工作12個小時。在疫情期間，他甚至與一家汽車經(jīng)銷商達成了一項協(xié)議：在他所有的銷售努力中，如果老板給他所有的員工買爆米花，他就會戴上印有公司標志的口罩。)”可知本段主要講的是Jonathan是運用哪些方法來賣爆米花的，即Jonathan所使用的營銷策略。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段““Theydidn’treallyhaveChristmas,”Jonathansays.With$5,000,hecouldbringChristmastoalotofkids.Heshiftedfrombigsellertobigspender,hand-selecting$5,000worthofgiftsfordozensofkidsaccordingtotheirpersonaldetails.Eachpresentmustbehand-wrapped.Andnokidshouldgetjustonegift.(“他們沒有過真正的圣誕節(jié)，”Jonathan說。有了5000美元，他可以給很多孩子帶來圣誕節(jié)。他從銷售大戶變成了花錢大戶，根據(jù)孩子們的個人信息親手為他們挑選價值5000美元的禮物。每件禮物都必須手工包裝。每個孩子都不應(yīng)該只得到一份禮物。)”可知因為很多孩子沒有過真正的圣誕節(jié)，所以為了讓他們都有一個真正意義上的圣誕節(jié)，Jonathan從銷售大戶變成了花錢大戶，花5000元給這些孩子們買禮物。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Hesetupinfrontoflocalstores,working12-houraday.(他在當?shù)厣痰觊T口擺攤，每天工作12個小時。)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Heshiftedfrombigsellertobigspender,hand-selecting$5,000worthofgiftsfordozensofkidsaccordingtotheirpersonaldetails.Eachpresentmustbehand-wrapped.Andnokidshouldgetjustonegift.Ifyouweren’tunwrappingatleasttwopackages,youweren’tgettingtherealChristmas-morningexperiencethathisfatherneverhad.(他從銷售大戶變成了花錢大戶，根據(jù)孩子們的個人信息親手為他們挑選價值5000美元的禮物。每件禮物都必須手工包裝。每個孩子都不應(yīng)該只得到一份禮物。如果你沒有打開至少兩個包裹，你就沒有得到他父親從未有過的真正的圣誕節(jié)早晨體驗。)”以及最后一段“Thenextyearhestrengthenedhisefforts,achievingahigheraiminsalesandspendingmoreongifts.“Itreallymakesmehappy,”hesays,“thefeelingthatI’mmakingthosekidshappyonChristmas.”(第二年，他加大了努力，實現(xiàn)了更高的銷售目標，并在禮物上花了更多的錢?！拔易屇切┖⒆觽冊谑フQ節(jié)里感到快樂的感覺真得讓我很開心?！彼f，)”以及文章其他段落的內(nèi)容可知Jonathan由最初的僅僅為了給自己買想要的玩具而去賣出更多的爆米花到最終加大努力實現(xiàn)更高銷售目標并花大錢給沒有過圣誕節(jié)的孩子們買圣誕禮物，所有這些都說明他是一個有決心和愛心的人。故選A項。CAnyonewhohasleftthatsparkofjoywhenafavouritesongcomesontheradioatjusttherightmoment—orweptalongwithasingerwhoisexpressingheartache—willunderstandtheemotionalresonance(共鳴)ofmusic.第7頁/共24頁Butnow,agrowingbodyofscientificevidenceisactuallydemonstratingthatmusiccanbemedicine,too.Inareviewof400researchpaperslookingintotheneurochemistryofmusic,DanielLevitin,apsychologistandneuroscientistinMontreal,foundthatplayingandlisteningtomusichadclearmentalandphysicalhealthbenefits.One2007studyfromateamofSpanishresearchersfoundthatlisteningtomusicbeforesurgeryhadthesameeffectinreducingpre-operativeanxietyastakingdiazepam(安定)—animportantfinding,asanxietybeforeamajorsurgerycanaffectpost-operativepainandrecoverytime.AnotherSpanishstudy,conductedin2018,foundthatpatientsparticipatinginamusic-therapy(療法)programmeexperiencedsignificantdecreasesintiredness,anxietyandbreathingdifficulties,aswellasanincreaseinfeelingsofwell-being.TheCentreforMusicandMedicineinBaltimoristakingmusicintothe“precisionmedicine”(精準醫(yī)療)field.TheCenteristhebrainchildofDrAlexanderPantelyat,whospecialisesinmovementdisorderslikeParkinson’s.Applyingthiskindoftreatmenttomovementdisordersisrelativelynew;previously,itwasmainlythefieldofcancertherapies.Pantelyatexplains,“Amazinglythereisanunderstandinginthefieldofmusicmedicinethattherecanbetailoredinterventionsusingmusicthatapersonactuallylikes,thatspeakstothemculturally,personallyorautobiographically.”KerryDevlin,theCentre’sseniormusictherapist,saystherecanbefolksexperiencingintensivesymptoms,likeadeclineintheirabilitytoverballycommunicate.Music,shenotes,cansometimeshelpsuchpatientsfindwaystorespondagain.“I’vehadthehonourofmakingmusicwithpeopleandallofasuddenthey’recomingupwithnewwords.Itturnsintothisbeautifulunexpectedmoment.It’sapowerfulthingtowitnesssomeonefindthemselvesagainforamoment,andasongisthevehicleforthatshift.”8.Whatcanbelearntaboutmusicfromparagraph1?A.Itmerelybringshappinesstopeople.B.Itcanindeedserveasaformoftherapy.C.Itismainlyusedforentertainmentpurposes.D.Itsemotionalresonanceisn’tsupportedscientifically.9.Howdoeslisteningtomusicaffectpatientsaccordingtoresearchers?A.Theycansoonrecoveraswellasbefore.B.Theydon’tneedtotakemedicinebeforeanoperation.C.Theyfeellessenergetic,anxiousandbreathless.D.Theyhavetheirworrygreatlyreducedbeforeanoperation.10.WhatisspecialaboutmusictherapyaccordingtoPantelyat?第8頁/共24頁第9頁/共24頁A.Itisabrandnewtherapymethod.B.Itcanbeflexiblypersonalized.C.Itappliestomovementdisordersallalong.D.Itplaysamainroleincancertreatment.11.WhatcanbeinferredfromKerryDevlin’swords?A.Everyonecanbenefitfrommusic.B.Themusicmomentispowerful.C.Musicmayhelpimprovetheweakenedspeech.DSongscanguaranteethespeechrecovery..【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文，越來越多的科學證據(jù)表明，音樂也可以成為一種治療形式?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butnow,agrowingbodyofscientificevidenceisactuallydemonstratingthatmusiccanbemedicine,too.(但現(xiàn)在，越來越多的科學證據(jù)表明，音樂也可以成為一種藥物)”可知，音樂確實可以用作一種治療形式，故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“One2007studyfromateamofSpanishresearchersfoundthatlisteningtomusicbeforesurgeryhadthesameeffectinreducingpre-operativeanxietyastakingdiazepam(安定)—animportantfinding,asanxietybeforeamajorsurgerycanaffectpost-operativepainandrecoverytime.(2007年，一組西班牙研究人員的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在手術(shù)前聽音樂與服用安定在減少術(shù)前焦慮方面具有相同的效果——這是一個重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)，因為大手術(shù)前的焦慮會影響術(shù)后疼痛和恢復時間)”可知，聽音樂使病人在手術(shù)前大大減少了焦慮，故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Amazinglythereisanunderstandinginthefieldofmusicmedicinethattherecanbetailoredinterventionsusingmusicthatapersonactuallylikes,thatspeakstothemculturally,personallyorautobiographically.(令人驚訝的是，在音樂醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域有一種理解，那就是可以使用一個人真正喜歡的音樂來定制干預(yù)措施，這種音樂可以在文化上、個人上或自身特點上與他們交談)”可知，Pantelyat認為音樂療法的特殊之處在于可以靈活地個性化，故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“KerryDevlin,theCentre’sseniormusictherapist,saysthere(canbefolksexperiencingintensivesymptoms,likeadeclineintheirabilitytoverballycommunicate.Music,shenotes,cansometimeshelpsuchpatientsfindwaystorespondagain.“I’vehadthehonourofmakingmusicwithpeopleandallofasuddenthey’recomingupwithnewwords.Itturnsintothisbeautifulunexpectedmoment.It’sapowerfulthingtowitnesssomeonefindthemselvesagainforamoment,andasongisthevehicleforthatshift.”(該中心的高級音樂治療師KerryDevlin說，有些人可能會出現(xiàn)嚴重的癥狀，比如口頭溝通能力下降。她指出，音樂有時可以幫助這些病人找到重新做出反應(yīng)的方法?！拔液軜s幸能和人們一起創(chuàng)作音樂，突然之間他們就想出了新的詞。它變成了這個美麗的意想不到的時刻。見證一個人在某一刻重新找回自我是一件很有力量的事情，而一首歌就是這種轉(zhuǎn)變的載體?！?”可知，音樂能幫助改善口頭表達能力，故選C。DChinaislikelytobecomethefirstcountrytobringMartiansoilbacktoEarthinanambitiousscienceandengineeringattempt.ThenationplanstocollectMartiansamplesandthenbringthembacktoEartharound2030viaahistoricmissionnamedTianwen3.Ifeverythinggoesaccordingtoplan,thesamplescouldbecomethefirsttobereturnedtoEarthfromMars,andwillhelpscientistslookfortracesoflifeonMars,learnmoreabouttheplanet’sgeology(地質(zhì)學)andinnerstructures,andunderstanditsatmosphericcycles.YangYuguang,aseniorspaceindustryobserverandvice-chairoftheInternationalAstronauticalFederation’sSpaceTransportationCommittee,saidonFridaythatnoonehaseverattemptedtobringsamplesbackfromMarsbecauseitwouldbeanextremelysophisticatedprocedure.“First,anyonewhowishestogetbackMartiansoilneedsto,inthefirstplace,taketotheplanetacraftwhichcanliftofffromtheMartiansurfacetosendsamplestoMartianorbit,andthatmeanssuchacraftmustbelargeenoughtocontainenginesandpropellants(推進劑).“AndlandingalargecraftsafelyontheMartiansurfacewouldbeexceptionallychallenging,consideringthefactthatlandingonMarsisfarmoredifficultthanalunarlandingduetothecomplexatmospheresurroundingMars,”hesaid.EvenifthecraftcouldlandonMarsanditcouldliftoff,Yangsaidthatanewchallengewouldfollow—howtoguideittocarryoutanaccuratemeetinganddockingwiththeorbiter(軌道飛行器)flyingaroundtheplanettowaitforsamples.“Inourlunarsample-returnmissions,themostcomplicatedpartwasthein-orbitmeetinganddockingbetweenthesample-carryingcraftandtheorbiter,andthatoperationatleasthadEarth-basedtelemetry(遙控技術(shù))andothertypesoftechnicalsupport.Bycomparison,therewillbevirtuallynotechnicalassistanceinthesameprocess第10頁/共24頁第11頁/共24頁takingplaceinMartianorbitduetotheverylongdistance,”theexpertexplained.12.WhatdoweknowabouttheMartianmissionnamedTianwen3?A.ItisthethirdspacemissionofChina.B.ItsmaingoalistobringMartiansoilbacktoearth.C.ThesamplescanhelprevealtheEarth’sgeology.D.NocountrywillbringsamplesbackfromMarsbeforeit.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sophisticated”meaninparagraph3?A.Experienced.B.Threatening.C.Astonishing.D.Complicated.14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutthemissionistrue?A.Alargecraftisneededtosendsamplestotheearth.B.SafelandingonMarsisdifficultduetolackofair.CThein-orbitmeetinganddockingisthemostchallengingpart..D.Technicalsupportisavailabletoreduceitsdifficulty.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ChinaPlansMissiontoBringMartianSoiltoEarthB.ChinaBroughtSamplesBackviaaHistoricMission“Tianwen3”C.TheComplexityofBringingMartianSamplesBacktoEarthD.TheTechnicalSupportTakingPlaceinMartianOrbit【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導語】本文是篇說明文。文章描述了中國計劃采集火星土壤樣本，并于2030年將其帶回地球的名為“天問三號”的歷史性任務(wù)，以及這項任務(wù)面臨的諸多困難和挑戰(zhàn)?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ChinaislikelytobecomethefirstcountrytobringMartiansoilbacktoEarthinanambitiousscienceandengineeringattempt.ThenationplanstocollectMartiansamplesandthenbringthembacktoEartharound2030viaahistoricmissionnamedTianwen3.(中國有望在一次雄心勃勃的科學與工程嘗試中，成為首個將火星土壤帶回地球的國家。該國計劃通過一項名為“天問三號”的歷史性任務(wù)，在2030年前后采集火星樣本并將其帶回地球。)”可知，“天問三號”的主要目的是將采集到的火星土壤樣本帶回地球。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“First,anyonewhowishestogetbackMartiansoilneedsto,inthefirstplace,...(首先，任何想要回到火星土壤的人首先需要……，)”、第五段“AndlandingalargecraftsafelyontheMartiansurfacewouldbeexceptionallychallenging,...(讓一艘大型飛船安全降落在火星表面將是非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的，)”、第六段“EvenifthecraftcouldlandonMarsanditcouldliftoff,Yangsaidthatanewchallengewouldfollow...(楊說，即使飛船能在火星上著陸并升空，新的挑戰(zhàn)也會隨之而來)”及最后一段“Bycomparison,therewillbevirtuallynotechnicalassistanceinthesameprocesstakingplaceinMartianorbitduetotheverylongdistance(相比之下，由于距離很遠，在火星軌道上進行同樣的過程幾乎沒有技術(shù)援助)”可知，將火星土壤樣本帶回地球不是一個簡單的事情，而是一個非常復雜的過程，故結(jié)合劃線詞所在句“thatnoonehaseverattemptedtobringsamplesbackfromMarsbecauseitwouldbeanextremelysophisticatedprocedure.(沒有人試圖從火星帶回樣本，因為這將是一個極其sophisticated的過程。)”可知，sophisticated表示“復雜的”。故選D。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“EvenifthecraftcouldlandonMarsanditcouldliftoff,Yangsaidthatanewchallengewouldfollow—howtoguideittocarryoutanaccuratemeetinganddockingwiththeorbiter(軌道飛行器)flyingaroundtheplanettowaitforsamples.(楊說，即使飛船能在火星上著陸并升空，一個新的挑戰(zhàn)將隨之而來——如何引導它與繞地球飛行的軌道飛行器（軌道飛行器）進行精確的相遇和對接，以等待樣本。)”和最后一段“Inourlunarsample-returnmissions,themostcomplicatedpartwasthein-orbitmeetinganddockingbetweenthesample-carryingcraftandtheorbiter,andthatoperationatleasthadEarth-basedtelemetry(遙控技術(shù))andothertypesoftechnicalsupport.Bycomparison,therewillbevirtuallynotechnicalassistanceinthesameprocesstakingplaceinMartianorbitduetotheverylongdistance.(在我們的月球樣本返回任務(wù)中，最復雜的部分是攜帶樣本的飛船和軌道飛行器之間的在軌會面和對接，這項操作至少有地球遙控技術(shù)和其他類型的技術(shù)支持。相比之下，由于距離很遠，在火星軌道上進行同樣的過程幾乎沒有技術(shù)援助。)”可知，帶火星土壤樣本回地球這項任務(wù)在在軌會面和對接這一環(huán)節(jié)沒有任何技術(shù)支援，相當困難，是最有挑戰(zhàn)性的一個環(huán)節(jié)。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ChinaislikelytobecomethefirstcountrytobringMartiansoilbacktoEarthinanambitiousscienceandengineeringattempt.ThenationplanstocollectMartiansamplesandthenbringthembacktoEartharound2030viaahistoricmissionnamedTianwen3.(中國有望在一次雄心勃勃的科學與工程嘗試中，成為首個將火星土壤帶回地球的國家。該國計劃通過一項名為“天問三號”的歷史性任務(wù)，在2030年前后采集火星樣本并將其帶回地球。)”和文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了中國計劃將火星土壤樣本通過“天問三號”任務(wù)帶回地球。故選A。第12頁/共24頁第13頁/共24頁HowToKickTheHabitofEatingProcessedFoodsForGood?Basically,weallneedatotalsweetnessresetineverythingthatweconsume.“WhatIadvocateismakingsmallchangestoyourbehavioursandreducingtheamountofsugarinyourdietsystematically,”saysAvena.“____16____Peoplewhogocoldturkey(突然戒除)mayexperienceheadaches,anxiety,sleeplessnessandintensecravings”.Followtheseexpert-approvedtipstogetyouontherighttrack：·DOavoidprocessedfoods.“Avoidingprocessedfoodsgreatlyreduceriskforobesityandotherdiseases,”saysVanHorn.Processedfoodstendtobeitemsthatincludetenormoreingredients,oftenwithsomeyoucan’tfindinyourkitchen.____17____·DOreadfoodlabels.It’simportanttoreadingredientlistscarefullyandwatchfordifferentnamesofsugar.“Thereare50-plusnamesforsugar,”saysMcBurnett.“Itcangetveryconfusing.”____18____Andwhenyou’rescanningthenutritionfactspanel,adailyvalue(DV)ofaddedsugarisacceptablebetween5percentand20percent.·____19____Naturallyoccurringsugarsfoundinmilk,fruitsandvegetables,arenutritious.Allthisisn’ttosaythatyouwillneveragainenjoyanothersliceofbirthdaycakeoranice-colddrinkatthecinema.Yourgoaldoesn’thavetobegoingcompletelysugar-free.“Maybeyoujustwanttogettoapointwhereyoufeelyouareatacomfortablelevelofconsumption-asifyou’reincontrol,”saysAvena.“____20____”A.DON’Tavoideverythingsweet.B.DOrefusealltheprocessedfoods.C.Asageneralrule,ifit’saningredientthatendsinose,it’ssugar.D.Someresearcheshaslinkedprocessedfoodstonegativehealthoutcomes.E.Instead,healthyfoodsareusuallythewholefoodsyoucanprepareathome.F.Doingthisslowly,overtime,isthebestapproachtoavoidingwithdrawalsymptoms.G.Butovertime,consuminglessaddedsugarisboundtoactuallymakeyourlifesweeter.【答案】16.F17.E18.C19.A20.G【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何戒除食用加工食品的習慣，給出了一些專家認可的建議，包括避免加工食品、仔細閱讀食品標簽以及不要完全避免甜食等?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文““WhatIadvocateismakingsmallchangestoyourbehavioursandreducingtheamountofsugarinyourdietsystematically,”saysAvena.(“我提倡的是在你的行為上做一些小的改變，系統(tǒng)地減少飲食中的糖含量，”Avena說)”以及后文“Peoplewhogocoldturkey(突然戒除)mayexperienceheadaches,anxiety,sleeplessnessandintensecravings(突然戒除的人可能會感到頭痛、焦慮、失眠和強烈的渴望)”可知，此處是在講述提倡的是系統(tǒng)地減少飲食中的糖含量，而不是突然戒除，所以F項“Doingthisslowly,overtime,isthebestapproachtoavoidingwithdrawalsymptoms.(慢慢地，隨著時間的推移，是避免戒斷癥狀的最好方法)”符合文意，承接上文，引出下文，而下文的癥狀為本句中的戒斷癥狀。故選F項?！?7題詳解】空處位于段尾，是本段的總結(jié)句，根據(jù)前文“DOavoidprocessedfoods.“Avoidingprocessedfoodsgreatlyreduceriskforobesityandotherdiseases,”saysVanHorn.Processedfoodstendtobeitemsthatincludetenormoreingredients,oftenwithsomeyoucan’tfindinyourkitchen.(避免加工食品?！氨苊饧庸な称反蟠蠼档土朔逝趾推渌膊〉娘L險，”范霍恩說。加工食品往往包含十種或更多的成分，其中一些你在廚房里找不到)”可知，本段講述不要吃加工食品，所以E項“Instead,healthyfoodsareusuallythewholefoodsyoucanprepareathome.(相反，健康食品通常是你可以在家準備的天然食品)”用健康食品和加工食品作對比，和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合文意。故選E項。【18題詳解】根據(jù)前文“It’simportanttoreadingredientlistscarefullyandwatchfordifferentnamesofsugar.“Thereare50-plusnamesforsugar,”saysMcBurnett.“Itcangetveryconfusing.”(仔細閱讀成分表并注意不同名稱的糖是很重要的。“糖有50多個名字，”麥克伯內(nèi)特說?！斑@可能會非常令人困惑?！?”可知，此處在講述閱讀成分表以及糖的名字很多，所以C項“Asageneralrule,ifit’saningredientthatendsinose,it’ssugar.(一般來說，如果一種成分以ose結(jié)尾，那就是糖)”是在介紹如何分辨糖的名字，符合文意。故選C項。【19題詳解】設(shè)空位于段首，是本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Naturallyoccurringsugarsfoundinmilk,fruitsandvegetables,arenutritious.Allthisisn’ttosaythatyouwillneveragainenjoyanothersliceofbirthdaycakeoranice-colddrinkatthecinema.Yourgoaldoesn’thavetobegoingcompletelysugar-free.(牛奶、水果和蔬菜中天然存在的糖是有營養(yǎng)的。所有這一切并不是說你再也不會在電影院享受另一片生日蛋糕或一杯冰鎮(zhèn)飲料。你的目標不一定是完全無糖)”可知，本段講述你的目標不一定是完全無糖，所以A項“DON’Tavoideverythingsweet.(不要回避所有甜的東西)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選A項。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前文““Maybeyoujustwanttogettoapointwhereyoufeelyouareatacomfortablelevelofconsumption-asifyou’reincontrol,”saysAvena.(阿文納說：“也許你只是想達到一個讓自己感覺舒適的糖分攝入水平，就好第14頁/共24頁像一切盡在掌控之中?！?”可知，此處是在講述，你控制糖分的攝入就可以了，所以G項“Butovertime,consuminglessaddedsugarisboundtoactuallymakeyourlifesweeter.(但是隨著時間的推移，減少攝入添加糖必然會讓你的生活更加甜蜜)”和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，但是減少攝入添加糖必然會讓你的生活更加甜蜜，符合語境。故選G項。BunnyShawcollectsalltheoldfootballbootsherManchesterCityteammatesdon’twant.AsJamaica’stopgoalscorer,shecaneasily____21____anybootsshewants,butsheknowsthatmanyyoungJamaicansdon’thavemoney,sowhenevershegoesback,she____22____thosetop-qualitysecondhandbootsas____23____inlocalfemalefootballcompetitions.Bornin1997inSpanishTown,KhadijaShawwastheyoungestof13children.Oneofherolderbrothersused“Bunny”asher____24____.Shelovedwatchinghimplayfootballonthestreet.“Alotofpeoplewouldgatherand____25____onwhowasgoingtowin,”Shaw____26____.“Ithought,Iwantedtobeapartofthat!”Soshe____27____them.Herparentsweren’t____28____,whovaluedtheirkids’educationverym