6/11專題14動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)2（過去時）目錄01知識腦圖·學科框架速建02考點精析·知識能力全解【知能解讀01】目錄01知識腦圖·學科框架速建02考點精析·知識能力全解【知能解讀01】一般過去時典型用法【知能解讀02】過去進行時典型用法03攻堅指南·高頻考點突破【重難點突破01】過去完成時典型用法04避坑錦囊·易混易錯診療【易混易錯01】過去將來時典型用法05通法提煉·高頻思維拆解【用法拓展】如何區(qū)分謂語和非謂語01一般過去時典型用法一般過去時是英語中用于描述過去發(fā)生的動作、狀態(tài)或存在的情況的時態(tài)。1.一般過去時表示過去已發(fā)生的動作，并有明確的時間狀語，如yesterday,lastweek,in2024。Thecompany

launched

anewproduct

lastyear.

公司去年推出了新產(chǎn)品。He

didn’tgo

toschool

yesterday

becausehewassick.

他昨天沒去上學，因為生病了。2.一般過去時表示過去的習慣性或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，常與often等頻度副詞連用。WhenIwasachild,I

oftenplayed

soccerinthestreet.

我小時候經(jīng)常在街上踢足球。They

didn’talwaysagree

witheachotherwhentheyworkedtogether.

他們一起工作時，并不總是意見一致。3.Iwishthat…表示“我倒希望……”，從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反用一般過去時。IwishI

didn’thave

toworktoday.我倒希望今天不用上班。Iwishshe

had

morefreetime.我倒希望她有更多空閑時間。4.Itis(high)timethat…表示“早該……”，從句用一般過去時或shoulddo。It’shightimethegovernment

took

actiontoreducepollution.

政府早該采取行動減少污染了。Itistimethatschools

shouldteach

studentspracticallifeskills.

學校早該教學生實用的生活技能了。5.Iwouldratherthat…表示“我倒寧愿……”，與現(xiàn)在、將來事實相反均用一般過去時。Iwouldrather(that)I

didn’thave

somuchworknow.

我倒寧愿現(xiàn)在沒這么多工作。Iwouldrather(that)it

weresunny

tomorrow.

我倒寧愿明天是晴天。6.Ifonly…表示“要是……該多好！”，從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反用一般過去時。Ifonlyhe

were

herewithmenow.（要是他現(xiàn)在和我在一起就好了。7.If虛擬條件句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句用一般過去時。IfI

were

adoctor,Iwouldhelpmorepeople.

要是我是醫(yī)生，我會幫助更多人。【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1．He(withdraw)somemoneyfromthebankandthenwenthome.2．Whenweaskedheropinion,she(reply)thatshehadchangedhermind.3．Itisabouttimetouroperators(respect)thelawandtheirowncodeofconduct.4．Whenapencilispartlyputintowater,itlooksasifit(break).5．IfonlyI_________(know)herphonenumber!ThenIcouldcallherrightnow.02過去進行時典型用法1.過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作，往往有明確時間狀語at7:00lastnight。At7:00lastnight,I

waswatching

adocumentaryonTV.

昨晚7點，我正在看電視上的紀錄片。2.過去進行時還表示過去一段時間內(nèi)頻繁發(fā)生或一直進行的動作，伴隨有時間狀語thismorning,yesterday。While

I

wasstudying

inmyroom,mybrother

wasplaying

videogamesdownstairs.

我在房間學習時，弟弟在樓下玩電子游戲。3.go,come,leave等瞬間動詞用于過去進行時表示將要發(fā)生動作。Thetrain

wasleaving

at6:00a.m.,sowehadtohurry.

火車原定早上6點出發(fā)，所以我們得加快。4.過去進行時與as,when,while等狀語從句呼應(yīng)，表示另一動作發(fā)生的背景。Whilethey

werewaiting

forthebus,it

started

raining.

他們等公交時，開始下雨了。Astheweather

wasgetting

colder,we

werepreparing

forwinter.

隨著天氣變冷，我們在為冬天做準備。5.頻度副詞如

always,forever,continually,constantly

與過去進行時連用時，通過重復(fù)的動作傳遞強烈的感情色彩，如贊揚、喜愛、抱怨、不滿、不耐煩等。Shewasalwayschanginghermind.她總是改變主意。Inthepasthewasconstantlyaskingmeformoney.過去他總是不停要錢?！靖櫽?xùn)練】在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1．Themanwithhisdaughtersandsons(watch)TVatthismomentyesterday.2．Renner(work)togetthecaroutofthesnowwhenheaskedJohnforhelp.3．SimchaBlass(visit)afriendintheIsraelidesertinthe1930swhenhenoticedsomethingunusual.4．Unfortunately,wehadtoadmitourmoney(run)outinweeks.5．Jim(cook)inthekitchenwhenheheardaknockatthedoor.01過去完成時典型用法1.表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間之前或過去某一動作之前已經(jīng)完成，核心是“過去的過去”。By9o'clocklastnight,Ihadfinishedmyhomework.昨晚9點前，我已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)了。Aftertheyhaddiscussedtheplanforhours,theyfinallymadeadecision.他們討論了幾個小時計劃后，才最終做出決定。2.與before,until,when,than連用，表示在過去某一時間之前或過去某一動作之前已經(jīng)完成。Therainhadstoppedbeforewestartedourhike.

我們開始徒步前，雨已經(jīng)停了。WhenIcalledher,shehadalreadyleftfortheairport.

我給她打電話時，她已經(jīng)出發(fā)去機場了。3.intend,mean,plan,want等動詞過去完成時可以用來表示一個本來打算做而未做的事。I

hadintendedtocall

youyesterday,butIgotstuckintraffic.

我昨天本來打算給你打電話，但堵車了。He

hadmeanttoapologize

forhiswords,buthedidn’thavethecourage.

他本來想為自己的話道歉，但沒勇氣。4.Itwasthefirsttimethat…句型that從句用過去完成時。Itwasthefirsttimethatshe

hadn’tfinished

herhomeworkontime.

那是她第一次沒有按時完成作業(yè)。5.hardly…when…和nosooner…than…句型主句用過去完成時。Hardly

hadshefinished

herspeechwhentheaudience

burstinto

applause.

她剛結(jié)束演講，觀眾就爆發(fā)出掌聲。Nosooner

hadheopened

thedoorthanacat

rushed

out.

他剛打開門，一只貓就沖了出來。6.If虛擬條件句，Iwishthat…,Ifonly…,I’dratherthat…等從句表示與過去事實相反用過去完成時。Ifthecompany

hadlaunched

theproductearlier,it

mighthaveearned

moreprofits.

如果公司早點推出產(chǎn)品，可能已經(jīng)賺更多利潤了。Ifonlywe

hadstarted

theprojectsooner.

要是我們早點啟動項目就好了。I’dratheryou

hadtold

methenewsearlier.

我寧愿你早點告訴我這個消息?！靖櫽?xùn)練】在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1．Helen(leave)herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusbandcamehome.2．Bythetimemyhusbandreachedhomeyesterday,I(cook)thedinneralready.3．Inhisletter,hesaiditwasthethirdtimethathe(visit)Zhuhai.4．Ifmycar(be)morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.5．Heisinvolvedinthetroublenow.Ifonlyhe(listen)tohisparents!01過去將來時典型用法1.“should/would+動詞原形”表示從過去的某一時間來看將來要發(fā)生的動作，多用于主從復(fù)合句中。I

thought

I

should/wouldfail

theexam,butIpassed.

我原以為會考試不及格，但我通過了。WhenIwasachild,myfather

wouldread

mestoriesbeforebed.

我小時候，父親常常在睡前給我讀故事。2.was/wereabouttodo…when…表示“正要……這時發(fā)生另一件事”。I

wasabouttoleave

thehouse

when

itstartedrainingheavily.

我正要出門，這時突然下起了大雨。He

wasabouttowin

therace

when

hetrippedandfell.

他眼看就要贏得比賽了，這時突然絆倒了。3.go,comeleave等動詞的過去進行時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。She

wasgoing

tothesupermarketwhenImetheryesterday.

昨天我遇見她時，她正要去超市。Thetrain

wasleaving

infiveminutes,sowerantotheplatform.

火車五分鐘后就要開了，所以我們沖向站臺。4.was/weretodo強調(diào)計劃性，“將要做某事”。Thenewlaw

wastotakeeffect

onJanuary1stofthatyear.

新法律按計劃于當年1月1日生效。Littledidheknowthatthisdecision

wastochange

hislifeforever.

他當時不知道，這個決定注定將永遠改變他的人生?！靖櫽?xùn)練】在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1．Itwashopedthathishealth__________(pick)upsoonwiththenewtreatment.2．Iwasabout__________(throw)everythingawaywhenmymothercamein.3．Whenhewas__________(pay)thebillintherestaurant,hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletinthecar.4．Youpromisedthatyou__________(take)careofeverythingwhileIwasaway,butlookatthemessnow!5．Asheproudlysignedhisnameatthebottomofthepage,Beethoventriedtoimaginehowpeople__________(respond)whentheyhearditforthefirsttime.如何區(qū)分謂語和非謂語理解：雙無—一個句子無謂語，無連接詞，所給動詞應(yīng)考慮填謂語。雙有—一個句子有謂語，且有連接詞，所給動詞應(yīng)考慮填謂語。有謂無連—一個句子有謂語，但是后邊動詞所在句子無連接詞，考慮非謂語。解釋：句子謂語三種類型：單謂語、雙謂語（AandB）或三謂語（A,BandC）區(qū)分謂語和非謂語關(guān)鍵在于長難句分析：括號法-（從句）（非謂語）（介詞短語）（名詞短語）示例：單謂語：Ordinarysoapcandealwithbacteriaeffectively.雙謂語：Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesandrecommendedwonderfulplacestovisit.三謂語：OnSaturdayafternoon,Mrs.Greenwenttothemarket,boughtsomebananasandvisitedhercousin.

謂語和非謂語實戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練：1.Theguide________(lead)theway,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.2.Theguide________(lead)theway,sowehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.3.________(call)metomorrowandI’llletyouknowthelabresult.4.________(call)metomorrow,I’llletyouknowthelabresult.5.Hevolunteeredtohelpcontroltraffic,________(donate)anhourofhistimeeveryweek.6.Hevolunteeredtohelpcontroltraffic,and______(donate)anhourofhistimeeveryweek.7.There______nobus,wehadtowalkhome.8.There______nobusandwehadtowalkhome.9.Jimwaslisteningattentivelytothelecture,andallhisattention________(fix)onit.10.Jimwaslisteningattentivelytothelecture,allhisattention________(fix)onit.動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(2)綜合能力提升一、單項填空（高考真題）1.（2025北京卷）Makingchoicesispartoflife.Bythetimeyoubrushedyourteeth,you__________(make)severaldecisionsevenwithoutnoticing.2.(2024九省聯(lián)考卷）Fountainpens__________(use)inschoolslongagoandhavebeenregainingpopularitylatelybecausetheyarerefillable.3.（2024新課標II卷）“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout__________(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaystoRomeoandJuliet.”4.（2024新課標II卷）Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThePeonyPavilion,__________(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.5.（2024全國甲卷）They64(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.6.（2024浙江1月卷）However,thoughit’snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreiftheycouldsometimes__________(offer)insmallerpacks.7.（2023新課標II卷）Asalittlegirl,I_________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.8.（2023全國乙卷）Havingvisitedseveraltimesoverthelast10years,I_________(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.9.（2023北京卷）SoonaftermovingtoSwitzerland,I_________(throw)ahouse-warmingpartyandwasgreatlysurprisedwhenall30guestsshowedupexactlyontime.10.（2023北京卷）Yearslater,havingmovedtoFrance.Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguest_________(arrive)andmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.11.（2022新課標I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.12.（2022新課標II卷）Henry_________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.13.（2021新課標I卷）Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit_________(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.14.（2021全國甲卷）TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).15.（2021浙江卷）AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand_________(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.16.（2021新課標II卷）Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto_________(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.17.（2021全國甲卷）We_________(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.18.（2020新課標）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,_________(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumthatopenedin1759.19.（2020全國I卷）TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探測器)-thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess_________(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.20.（2020全國III卷）Theartistwassurehewould_________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.二、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力讀后續(xù)寫1.(2024課標I卷)令我欣慰的是，他第二天回了電話，我們約好很快見面。_________________________________________________________________________________2.(2024課標I卷)我又向他露出抱歉的微笑，懇求他延期付款。_________________________________________________________________________________3.(2024課標I卷)我堅定地和他握手，然后跳下車，瘋狂地向公共汽車跑去，跳上了公共汽車。_________________________________________________________________________________4.(2024課標I卷)我告訴他，多虧了他的慷慨和及時的幫助，一切都很順利。_________________________________________________________________________________5.(2024課標I卷)我還送給他一件我在布拉格買的很有吸引力的紀念品，他欣然接受了。_________________________________________________________________________________6.(2024浙江1月卷)老師注意到了她的努力，稱贊了她的創(chuàng)新思維。_________________________________________________________________________________7.(2024浙江1月卷)她每走一步，都給那些追隨她的人留下了靈感的遺產(chǎn)。_________________________________________________________________________________8.(2023課標I卷)當我被邀請上臺領(lǐng)獎時，我對我的老師表示感謝。_________________________________________________________________________________9.(2023課標I卷)頒獎典禮結(jié)束后，我去了老師的辦公室。我的老師在等我。_________________________________________________________________________________10.(2023浙江1月卷)當我爬上車開車離開時，我知道我會永遠珍惜我們共同的回憶。_________________________________________________________________________________三、過去時態(tài)與語法填空（2025高二·全國·專題練習）閱讀短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChinaRailwayExpress,1majorinternationalfreight(貨運)trainservice,runsacrossChina,Europe,andBeltandRoadInitiative(BRI)partnercountries,offeringnew2(possibility)forcooperativeandsustainabletrade.3(praise)bytheinternationalcommunity,thetransportationservice,4notonlyregeneratestheprosperityoftheancientSilkRoadbutalsoenhancespeople’slivelihoods,servesasavitalpublicgood5(promote)win-wincooperationandeconomicvitalityacrossEurasiaandbeyond.Afteradecadeofgroundbreakingandinnovativeefforts,theremarkableBRIproject,whichconnects120citiesinChina6219citiesacross25Europeancountries,7(complete)over85,000tripsbytheendofFebruary,2024,accordingtoChinaRailwayGroupLimited(CREC).IntheJanuary-Februaryperiodof2024,8(near)3,000tripswereregisteredbetweenthecontinentsasCRECopenednewrouteslinkingXi'an,ChongqingandYiwuinChinatoTbilisiinGeorgia,BakuinAzerbaijanandIstanbulinTürkiye,dispatching(發(fā)送)atotalof18trainsalongtheroutes.Thefreighttrainserviceaccomplishedatotalof2,928tripstodeliver317,000containersofgoodsinthefirsttwomonthsof