高考英語書面表達(dá)高分秘訣之高級詞匯替換

在高考作文閱卷過程中，老師會對一些“高級”詞匯尤為偏愛。但是，大多數(shù)同學(xué)根本不具備單詞升級意識，一想

到“好，就是“good”;T?到“壞”，就是“bad”;一想到“美麗僦是"beautiftil”。當(dāng)老師一天批閱上千份訥容相同、語言低

齡”的作文時，她的痛苦感受可想而知。

因此，你一定要避免這些。低能詞匯”，讓自己的詞匯升級、升級再升級！

那么，什么樣的單詞最能夠吸引閱卷老師的好感？

【原則一：晚詞優(yōu)先】

老師偏愛"學(xué)得晚''的單詞，因為使用學(xué)得比較晚的單詞，可以體現(xiàn)一個人“學(xué)以致用”的意識。如果一個意思既可

以用初中單詞來表達(dá),又可以用高二、高三單詞來表達(dá)，那盡量選擇高二、高三的單詞，如：

(l)Adj.困難的黯然低分詞：difficult閃光高分詞：challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的

(2)Adj.重要的黯然低分詞：important

閃光高分詞：vital至關(guān)重要的;essential必不可少的;significant有重要意義的;

(3)Adj.美郎的黯然低分詞：beautiful

閃光高分詞：appealing動人的;attractive吸引人的;charming迷人的；fascinating迷人的

注：以上五個詞既能修飾人，又能修飾物，非常好用，務(wù)必記熟！

【原則二：短語優(yōu)先】

在閱卷老師看來,活用短語是一個考生能力的體現(xiàn)c因此，我們可以掌握一些將某些常見單詞轉(zhuǎn)化為短語的用法,

如：

(4)v.參加黯然低分詞：join閃光高分詞：takepartin

(5)v.使用黯然低分詞：use閃光高分詞：makegooduseof

(6)v.拜訪黯然低分詞：visit閃光高分詞：payavisitto

⑺最常見的換詞手段：形容詞=of-同根名詞

黯然低分詞：閃光高分詞：黯然低分詞：閃分詞：

veryimportant重要的ofgreatimportanceveryharmful有害的ofgreatharm

verydifficult困難的ofgreatdifficultyveryvaluable有價值的ofgreatvalue

verybeautiful美麗的ofgreatbeautyverysignificant至關(guān)重要的ofgreatsignificance

veryuseful有用的ofgreatus3verynecessary必要的ofgreatnecessity

veryhclpfi.il有幫助的ofgreathelp

【原則三：“具體化”單詞優(yōu)先】

請允對比以下幾組句子：

[例句1]Igotoschooleveryday.

[例句2]Iridetoschooleveryday.

在課堂上，筆者經(jīng)常以這兩個句子為例，講解“具體化’’的重要性,很多同學(xué)都能感覺到例句2要比例句1好。究

其原因，是例句2中的rode比例句1中的went更加具體：went只表達(dá)了“去”的意思，而rode不但表達(dá)出“去”的意思,

還能表達(dá)出具體的交通方式。也就是說，例句2表達(dá)的信息量比例句1更加豐富。

再如：

[例句3]MrWangisagoodteacher.

【例句4】MrWangisakind,patientandknowledgeableteacher.

例句3只表達(dá)出MrWang是一個“好”老師，而到底“好”在哪些方面，卻沒有具體說清楚;例句4則清楚地告訴讀者，

MrWang好在三個方面：和藹(kind)、時心(patient)以及知識豐富(knowledgeable)。

因此，我們必須學(xué)會換用更為具體的單詞表達(dá)我們的思想，如：

(8)adj.學(xué)習(xí)黯然低分詞：learn

閃光高分詞：research研究:pickup偶然學(xué)到，順便學(xué)到，輕松學(xué)到;master掌握

(9)n.好老師整然低分證：agoodteacher

閃光高分詞：akind,patientandknowledgeableEnglishteacher

當(dāng)然，除了替換某些表意抽象的單詞，我們還可以通過增加細(xì)節(jié)成分，使表達(dá)更為具體，如，例句2可以加上同

伴、心情等信息，進(jìn)一步改寫成：

【例句5】I,togetherwithTomandJerry,rodetotheZhongshanparkyesterday,feelingratherexcited.

同樣的，例句4也可以加上一個定語從句，寫出MrWang到底擅長哪些事情，如：

[例句6]MrWangisakind,patientandknowledgeableteacherwhoknowshowtoenlightenusstudents.

可以看到，例句5和例句6兩個句子采用“具體化”的手段，將原本毫無生氣的句子頓時變得生動形象了。

綜上所述，想讓你的表達(dá)“具體化”，一共有兩種常用方法，其一，是換掉某些表意不明確的單詞，換上表意更加

明確具依的單詞;其二，是在句中適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)成分?！熬唧w化”的好處，是讓句子的含義更加豐富，讓讀者更容易由句

子展開豐富的聯(lián)想，隨著作者一起經(jīng)歷、一起思考、一起感動。在平時的學(xué)習(xí)、訓(xùn)練中，與其生硬地使用超綱詞匯,

不如好好熟悉大綱單詞，用好,?具體化,的兩種方法，為你的作文增光添彩。

事實上，“具體化”在漢語寫作中也有同樣的體現(xiàn)。比如，要表達(dá)?'惜別,'的感情，光說“再見”是不夠的，應(yīng)該像詩

人那樣,用具體化的細(xì)節(jié)帶動感情，寫出夢幻般的文字：'讓我與你提別/再輕輕抽出我的手，知道思念從此生根，浮

云白日/山川莊嚴(yán)溫柔…”

這就是''具體化“的作用，你體會到了嗎？

【原則四：大綱詞匯的衍生詞優(yōu)先】

在高中英語中，我們已經(jīng)涉及到了詞根詞綴的知識。運用這些知識，可以將很多高中詞匯衍生為四六級詞匯甚至

托福、雅思詞匯。如果能夠熟練使用一兩個這種詞匯，你的作文肯定“碉堡了”!舉例如下，看看箭頭后面的替換詞都是

由哪些空詞變來的？

(10)adj.當(dāng)然地黯然低分詞：certainly

閃光高分詞：obviously明顯地;undoubtedly毫無疑問地;evidently顯然地；

(1l)adj.不開心的黯然低分詞：sad

閃光高分詞：discouraged氣餒的;depressed沮喪的;downhearted垂頭喪氣的；

lowspirited意志消沉的；

可以看出，這里列舉的“大綱詞匯衍生詞“看上去都相當(dāng)"有水平'’，但都是由大綱中的簡單單詞加上某些前綴、后

綴變來的，可以說又好記，又好用，你學(xué)會了嗎？

只要運用以上四種方法，在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中不斷積累和使用“閃光高分詞”，一定能讓你的作文綻放出最美的光輝！

1.增補(Addition)

inaddition另外；furthermore此外；again;also;besides;moreover此外；similarly;finally最后

2.比較(parison)

inthesameway;likewise同樣地；similarly;equally;inparison比較起來；justas同樣地3.

對照(Contrast)

whereas然而：incontrast與此相反；ontheotherhand;instead同樣；however然而；nevertheless然而

unlike;eventhough即使；onthecontrary;while

4.因果(Causeandeffect)

because;becauseof;for;since;dueto;owingto;thanksto;asaresult(of);accordingly;

hence;so;thus

5.強(qiáng)調(diào)(Emphasis)

certainly;aboveall;indeed;ofcourse;surely;actually;asamatteroffact;chiefly;

especially;primarily;inparticular;undoubtedly;absolutely;mostimprtant

6.讓步(Concession)

although;though;afterall;inspiteof;nevertheless;still;provided;whileitistrue

71列證(Exemplification)

fbrexample;forinstance;thatis;namely;suchas;inotherwords;inthiscase;bywayof

illustration.

8.總結(jié)(Conclusion)

tosumup;toconclude;inaword;inshort;inbrief;allinall;inall;toputitinanutshell;

insummary

9.推斷(Inference)

therefore;asaresult(of)；consequently;accordingly;so;otherwise

10.時間和空間(Timeandspace)

afterward;after;first;later;then;soon;outside;near;beyound;above;below;onthe

right(left);inthemiddle;opposite;infrontof

11.啟承轉(zhuǎn)合

1)、啟

AproverbsaysAtpresent

AstheproverbsaysCurrently..…

Generallyspeaking;Now;

Ingeneral;…OntheWhole

ItisclearthatRecently..…

ItisoftensaidthatWithoutdoubt;

2)、承

First(ofall);Moreover;

Firstly;Noonecandenythat

Inthefirstplace;Obviously

Tobeginwith;Ofcourse:

Also;Similarly;

AtthesametimeTherefore;weshouldrealizethat

CertainlyThereisnodoubtthat

Inaddition;..…What'smore;

InfactItcanbeeasilyprovedthat...

Meanwhile

3)、轉(zhuǎn)

But...Still;

Buttheproblemisnotsosimple...

Thereisacertainamountoftruthinthis;butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto

However;

Tooursurprise;

Nevertheless;Unfortunately

Ontheotherhand;

YetdifferencewillbefoundandthatiswhyIfeelthat

Othersmayfindthistobetrue;butIdonot.Ithink..…

4)、合

Aboveall;Inbrief;

Accordingly;Inconclusion;

Allinall;…….

Inotherwords;itishardtoescapetheconclusionthat

Asaconsequence;Inshort;

AsIhaveshown/said/stated/Insum;

Insummary;Ashasbeennoted;

Obviously;Bysodoing;

Onthewhole;Consequently;

Presumably;Eventually;

Toconclude;Finally;

Tosumup;Inaword;

Tosummarize;

一.高級詞匯

1.occur替換thinkof

SuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.T

Anideaoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomvhouse.

Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.

2.devote替換spend

Hespendsallhissparetimeinreading.->

Hedevotesallhissparetimetoreading.

3.seek替換want/lookfor

Theysought(wanted)tohidethemselvesbehindthetrees.

4.average替換ordinary

I'manaverage(ordinary)student.

5.but替換very

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.->

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasanythingbutboring.

6.seat替換sit

Onhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated(sitting)bytheroad,lookingworried.7

.suppose替換should

Heissupposedto(should)havedrivenmoreslowly.

8.appreciate替換thank

Thankyouverymuchforyouhelp.->

Weappreciateyourhelpverymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.

9.thecase替換true

Idon'tthinkitisthecase(true).

10.on替換assoonas

Assoonashearrived,hebeganhisresearch.->

Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch..

11.dueto替換becauseof

Hearrivedlatedueto(becauseof)thestorm.

12.cover替換walk/read

Aftercovering(walking)10miles,weallfelttired.

13.contributeto替換behelpful/useful

PlentyofmemoryworkisundoubtedlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.->

PlentyofmemoryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.

14.roundthecorner替換ingsoon/nearby

①Thesummervacationisroundthecorner(ing).Doyouhaveanyplans?②Li

Mingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner(nearby).

15.ctolight替換discover

Thefamilyweresopleasedwhentheydiscoveredthelostjewels.->

Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.

16.haveaball替換haveagoodtime/enjoyoneself

Aftervisitingtheworkshop,wewentbacktoschool.Everyoneofushadaball(hadagood

time).

17.eupwith替換thinkof

Jackisveryclever.Heoftenesupwith(thinksof)newideas.

18.setaside替換save

Somestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneyforbooks.(2004天

津卷)

19.beof+n.替換adj.

Theproductsareofhighquality(verygood)andaresoldeverywhereinChina.20

?referto替換talkabout/of,mention

Theprofessoryoureferredto(talkedabout)isveryfamous.

21.cannotbut/cannothelpbut替換havetodo

Icouldnotbut(hadto)gohome.

22.moreoftenthannot替換usually

Moreoftenthannot(Usually),themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.23

?lest替換sothat/inorderthat

IwrotedownhistelephonenumbersothatIwouldnotforgetit.->

Iwrotedownhistelephonenumberlest1(should)forgetit.

24.belongforsth./belongtodosth.替換wanttodosth./wishfor

Iwanttoseeyouverymuch.->

Iamlongtoseeyou.

25.becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替換beinterestedin

Heiscaughtupin(veryinterestedin)collectingstamps.

26.morethan替換very

①VmverygladtolearnthatyouareinginSeptember.->

I'mmorethangladtolearnthatyouareinginSeptember.(NMET2003)

(2)IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.(2004全國卷)27

.perfect(ly)替換good/verywell

Hespeaksperfect(good)English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly(verywell).

28.dosba/thefavor替換help

Wouldyoupleasedomethefavor(helpme)toturndowntheradio?

29.theotherday替換afewdaysago

TheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.(NMET1997)30

.inthecourseof替換during

Inthecourseof(During)(heinouiHaiiicliiiibing,pleasehelpeachoilierandpayspecial

attentiontoyoursafety.

31.themajorityof替換most

Themajorityof(Mostof)theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothe

cinema.

32.consistofbemadeupof

Ourclassconsistsof(ismadeupof)50students.

33.bewornout替換betired/broken

①Afterfivehours,nonstopwork,wewereallwornout(tired).

(2)Myshoesarewornout(broken).Pleasebuymeanewpair.

34.beeof替換happen

Whatdothinkhasbeeof(happenedto)him?

35.attendto替換lookafter

36.onconditionthat替換aslongas

37.nevertheless替換however

38.expressonc^satisfactionwith替換besatisfiedwith

39.sparenoeffortstodo替換tryone'sbesttodo

40.manya替換many

41.berushedoffone'sfeet替換bebusyindoing

42.ahandfulof替換alittle/some

43.meanwhile替換atthesametime

44.gettoone'sfeet替換standup

45.beneath替換under

46.occasionally替換sometimes/onceinwhile

47.forinstance替換forexample

48.seldom替換notoften

49.wealthy替換rich

50.amazing替換surprising

51.asamatteroffact替換infact

二.高級句型結(jié)構(gòu)

?It句型

①Itwillbe+sometime+before...

Itwon'tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.

(2)Itis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.

Itisveryimportantforustolearnputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.

HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspare

parts.

③Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that-

1)ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.

2)Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.

?more...thananyother表示最高級

Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandputerstudyaremorepopularthanany

oneelse.

?名詞從句

①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhati§coveredinthetalk.

②Myhometownisnolongerwhatituiedtobe.

?(非限制性)定語從句

①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.->

TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichi§nutfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.

(2)Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI'llneverforgetforthrenstofmvlife.

?分詢結(jié)構(gòu)

①Idon"knowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoin、endle§§

homeworkandatteedinnclasseswell.

(2)We*11mostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,plavin?andmeetineDCODIC.

(2004全國卷II)

③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.

④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.(2008年湖南卷)

?with結(jié)構(gòu)

①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyiniured.

②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalai?esuitcaseirhisleft

hand.

S金句

①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.->

Eastoftheteachingbuildingi§thelibrary.

(2)Althoughwearetired,wearehappy.

Tiredasweare,wearehappy.

③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.

@Mayallyourdreamsetrue!Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!?被

動語態(tài)

①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.

②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.

③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.

?巧妙的改寫

(1).Only改成noonebut

OnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.->NoonebutTompassedtheexam.

(2).assoonas…改成Nosooner...than.../Hardly…when…/Immediately…/ThemomentNo

soonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.

(3).havesb/sthdo/done

Thegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).(

4).變換插入語的位置

(i)However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow.->

Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.

(2)Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou've

le