現(xiàn)在分詞主要用法+高考重點(diǎn)詞匯積累+長(zhǎng)難句分析一、高考重點(diǎn)詞匯積累核心單詞1.mannern.方式，態(tài)度，舉止2.marriagen.結(jié)婚，婚姻3.mastervt.精通，掌握4.masterpiecen.代表作5.matchvt.使相配，使成對(duì)n.比賽，競(jìng)賽；火柴6.materialn.原料，材料7.mattern.要緊事，要緊，事情；問(wèn)題vi.要緊，有重大關(guān)系8.matureadj.成熟的9.measurev.測(cè)量n.措施10.median.大眾傳播媒介11.memorialn.紀(jì)念館；紀(jì)念碑12.memorizev.記憶13.mentaladj.精神的，腦力的14.mentionvt.提到，說(shuō)起；提及15.mercifuladj.仁慈的；寬大的16.messagen.消息，音信17.microcomputern.微機(jī)18.mineraln.礦物質(zhì)，礦物19.minorityn.少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族20.mistaken.錯(cuò)誤vt.弄錯(cuò)21.misunderstandvt.誤會(huì)；不理解22.mixturen.混合物23.modernadj.現(xiàn)代的24.modestadj.謙虛的，謙遜的25.monitorn.班長(zhǎng)；監(jiān)視器vt.監(jiān)視重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)incase以防，萬(wàn)一inthecaseof至于，在……的情況下incaseof萬(wàn)一；如果發(fā)生inthiscaseinnocaseinadvanceinparticularinvaininrealityinadilemmaintheformof...inthedirectionof...inthehopeof...insurprisetake...bysurprisetoone’ssurpriseinturninreturninreturnforinrewardinexchangefor既然這樣，如果這樣決不提前尤其，特別白費(fèi)力氣，枉費(fèi)心機(jī)實(shí)際上處于進(jìn)退兩難的境地驚奇地令某人吃驚的是依次；輪流；反過(guò)來(lái)；轉(zhuǎn)而作為回報(bào)；作為報(bào)答回報(bào)，報(bào)答交換，調(diào)換46.Inthefallof1985,Iwasabright-eyedgirlheadingofftoHowardUniversity,aimingatalegalcareeranddreamingofsittingonaSuperCourtbenchSomewhere.【句式翻譯】1985年的秋天，我是一個(gè)有著明亮眼睛的女孩，要去哈佛大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，目的是從事法律工作并夢(mèng)想著坐在某處最高法院的法官席上?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫呛?jiǎn)單句，headingoff…,aimingat…和dreamingof…是并列的定語(yǔ)，sittingon…作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】1）headv.朝……行進(jìn)；前進(jìn)（后面常接介詞for或to/towards等）Whereareyouheadingfor?你要到哪兒去?Ourshipmadeheadagainstthewindandwaves.我們的船頂著風(fēng)浪前進(jìn)。2）aimv.目的在于；瞄準(zhǔn)；針對(duì)n.目的；目標(biāo)Businesseswillhavetoaimatlong-termgrowth.企業(yè)必須以長(zhǎng)期增長(zhǎng)為目標(biāo)。Thenewmeasuresareaimedatprotectingtheenvironment.新措施旨在保護(hù)環(huán)境。IaimtobeapolicemanwhenIleaveschool.我打算中學(xué)畢業(yè)以后當(dāng)警察。TheaimofthefestivalistoincreaseawarenessofHinducultureandtraditions.該節(jié)慶日的目的在于增強(qiáng)人們對(duì)印度文化和傳統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】1）現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),具體用法參見(jiàn)第35句。2）doing作賓語(yǔ)，具體用法參見(jiàn)第31句。47.Somemodernartisabstract;thatis,thepainterdoesn’tattempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes,butinsteadconcentratesoncertainqualitiesoftheobject,usingcolor,lineandshapetorepresentthem.【句式翻譯】有些現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)是抽象的，也就是說(shuō)，畫(huà)家并不打算把我們眼睛看到的東西如實(shí)地畫(huà)出來(lái)，而是集中展現(xiàn)物體的某些品質(zhì)特征，用色彩、線條和形狀把它們呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫菑?fù)合句,doesn’tattemptto和concentrateson是并列謂語(yǔ)，as在句中引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，usingcolor…作狀語(yǔ)?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】concentratevi.專心于；集中Youshouldconcentrateontheroadwhenyou’redriving.開(kāi)車時(shí)注意力應(yīng)集中在路上。Whenworking,oneshouldconcentrateandnotallowoneselftobedistracted.工作時(shí)要集中精力，不要分心。【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，具體用法參見(jiàn)第26句。48.Basedonmyexperience,joggingisthemostovervaluedformofexercisearound,andjudgingfromthenumberofthepeoplewholeftourneighborhoodjoggingarmy,I’mnotaloneinmyopinion.【句式翻譯】根據(jù)我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，慢跑是最被人高估的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式，從退出我們的慢跑大軍的人數(shù)判斷，不只是我有這種觀點(diǎn)?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫菑?fù)合句，who引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾thepeople，Basedonmyexperience和judgingfrom作狀語(yǔ)，jogging作主語(yǔ)。【詞語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】1）basev.基于；把……建立在n.基礎(chǔ)；基地Wemustbaseourselvesontheinterestsofthepeople.我們一定要從人民的利益出發(fā)。Theoryisbasedonpracticeandinturnservespractice.理論的基礎(chǔ)是實(shí)踐,反過(guò)來(lái)理論又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。Knowledgeistheimportantbaseofteacher'sspecialization.知識(shí)是教師專業(yè)化的重要基礎(chǔ)和前提條件。ShanghaiisthemostimportantindustrialbaseofChina.上海是中國(guó)最重要的工業(yè)基地。2）aloneadj.單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的Iwanttohaveatalkwithhimalone.我要和他單獨(dú)談一談。Hedoesn’tfeellonelywhenheisleftalone.在只剩下他一個(gè)的時(shí)候，他并不感到孤獨(dú)。3）judgingfrom/by從……判斷Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromHunan.從他的口音判斷,他一定是湖南人.Judgingbythesoundofhisvoice,themancouldn'tbeveryyoung.聽(tīng)聲音,那人已不太年輕?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】1）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，具體用法參見(jiàn)第26句。2）過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，具體用法參見(jiàn)第41句。3）doing作主語(yǔ)，具體用法參見(jiàn)第29句。 49.SheretiredfromdivingafterAtlantaandwenttostudyeconomicsatuniversity.WhilethereshedecidedtomakeacomebackandwentontocompeteattheSydneyOlympicGames,whereshewonherfourthOlympicgold,againmakingOlympichistory.【句式翻譯】在亞特蘭大之后，伏明霞退役，到大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)濟(jì)。讀書(shū)期間，她決定復(fù)出參加悉尼奧運(yùn)會(huì)，并且獲得了自己的第四枚奧運(yùn)金牌，再次改寫(xiě)了奧運(yùn)會(huì)歷史?！揪涫椒治觥縒hile在句中引導(dǎo)省略的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，where引導(dǎo)非限制定語(yǔ)從句，修飾theSydneyOlympicGames，tomake和tocompete作賓語(yǔ)，making作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。【詞語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】competev.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；參加比賽HeatlastgotachancetocompeteintheOlympics.他終于獲得了參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)比賽的機(jī)會(huì)。Theseproductsareofhighqualityandabletocompeteinternationally.這些產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)很好，在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】1）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)2）不定式todo作賓語(yǔ)50.Withmorethanthreechildren,forexample,wivestookonmoreoftheextrawork,clockingabout28hoursaweekcomparedwithhusbands’10hours.【句式翻譯】比如說(shuō)，如果孩子數(shù)量超過(guò)三個(gè)，妻子們每周做家務(wù)的時(shí)間會(huì)增加到28個(gè)小時(shí)，而丈夫僅為10個(gè)小時(shí)。【句式分析】本句是簡(jiǎn)單句，clocking和comparedwith作狀語(yǔ)。【詞語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】takeon承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendoneu現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)1．作定語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞的位置。作定語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞可位于被修飾詞之前，也可位于其后，分別叫做前置定語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)。通常，單個(gè)的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)位于其前，而現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)則位于其后。如：Thevisitingprimeministerwillsurelypromotethemutualrelationshipbetweenthetwonations.Doyouseethechildrenperformingonthestage?Theyarefromourschool.Thegirlbeinginterviewednowisthemanagers’daughter.Theprojectbeingbuiltnowisofgreatimportance.ThebridgebeingbuilttherewillbeoneofthelongestonesinChina.Thisisoneofthemostimportantexperimentsbeingcarriedoninourlab.2．作定語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞的功能。通常，現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)可表示用途、動(dòng)作進(jìn)行中或狀態(tài)等，作用上一般相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：Theswimmingpoolwasbuiltlastyearanditisopentoallforfree.(=Thepoolthatisusedforswimmingwasbuiltlastyearanditisopentoallforfree.)Welivedinaflatfacingthesouthneartheriverinthoseyears.(=Welivedinaflatthatfacedthesouthneartheriverinthoseyears.)Thegirlbeinginterviewednowisthemanagers’daughter.Theprojectbeingbuiltnowisofgreatimportance.ThebridgebeingbuilttherewillbeoneofthelongestonesinChina.Thisisoneofthemostimportantexperimentsbeingcarriedoninourlab.u現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)1．現(xiàn)在分詞的幾種形式。根據(jù)主句的主語(yǔ)與分詞的邏輯關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在分詞可分為主動(dòng)式和被動(dòng)式，即V-ing和BeingV-ed形式，前者表示主句主語(yǔ)與之邏輯上呈主謂關(guān)系，而后者則為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。根據(jù)分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后，現(xiàn)在分詞可分為一般式和完成式，即V-ing/BeingV-ed和havingV-ed/havingbeenV-ed，前者分詞動(dòng)作與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作不分先后發(fā)生，而后者則表示分詞動(dòng)作先于主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生。如：Singingachildren’ssong,theschoolboywenttoschoolonhisbicycle.(主謂關(guān)系)Beingscoldedbyherparentsthatmorning,thegirlwenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.（被動(dòng)關(guān)系）Lyingonthegrassland,shekeepsthinkingofherfamilyandhometown.（動(dòng)作不分先后）Havingfinishedtheirhomework,thekidsheadedforhomeseparately.(動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生)Havingbeentoldthatsomeguestswerecoming,sheshoppedallmorninginthatsupermarket.（被動(dòng)、先后）Havingbeenbadlyinjuredinthecaraccident,hehadtostayinbedforatleastthreeweeks.（被動(dòng)、先后）2．現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)的不同功能。作狀語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞可表示時(shí)間、方式、原因、伴隨、目的或結(jié)果等，分別相當(dāng)于一個(gè)同類的狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Arrivingatthevillage,whereanaccidenthappened,themedicalgroupstartedworking.（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）Seeingonthetopofthehill,youwillfindthatthecitylookslikeasmallvillage.（方式狀語(yǔ)）Realizingthatitwouldrainheavily,wedecidedtobringumbrellasorraincoatswithus.（原因狀語(yǔ)）Grandmacametoseemelastweekend,bringingplentyofvegetablesandfruitstous.（伴隨狀語(yǔ)）MyAustraliane-palsentmeane-mail,hopingtogetfurtherinformationaboutthecityBeijing.（目的狀語(yǔ)）InAthens,theChinesteamwon32goldmedals,rankingsecondofallcompetingcountriesandregions.（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）3．現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式直接在其前加not，即notdoing/nothavingdone。如：Notknowinghowtogetbacktotheirhometown,thegirlsdecidedtoturntothepoliceforhelp.Nothavingcompletedtheproject,theyhavetostayinthatcountryforanotherthreemonths.3．現(xiàn)在分詞的省略結(jié)構(gòu)?，F(xiàn)在分詞的省略結(jié)構(gòu)指的是連詞when/while等連詞引導(dǎo)的從句可用when等連詞+doing構(gòu)成省略，條件是主句的主語(yǔ)必須與從句的主語(yǔ)一致。如：Whenleavingtheairport,theywavedagainandagaintous.u現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)放在be或系動(dòng)詞之后，相當(dāng)于形容詞thefilmisquiteinteresting.(主語(yǔ)為物)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)位于這些動(dòng)詞加賓語(yǔ)之后。See/lookat/hear/watch/find/listento/feel/catch/keep/smell/leave/set/observe/notice/count/send/get＋賓語(yǔ)+doing（現(xiàn)在分詞）Theteacherleftthepupilstandingaside.Shewasheardsingingallthetime.Shesuddenlyheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundhimlookingforsomething.Hewasseenbeingtakenawaybythepolice.Iwaskeptwaitingforanothertwohoursu動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的比較動(dòng)名詞它在形式上與現(xiàn)在分詞相同，都是在動(dòng)詞原形的詞末加-ing。在現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)法中，這兩種形式同視為“-ing形式”。這兩種形式的另一個(gè)相同之處是：它們都是由動(dòng)詞變化而成的，它們都保留了動(dòng)詞的某些特征，它們都能帶自己的賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)，而構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)去擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分。例如：Speakinginthepublic,hewillsurelybeverycheerful.（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)）他在公眾場(chǎng)所講話時(shí)總是興高采烈的。Shehatesspeakinginthepublic.（動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)）她不喜歡在公眾場(chǎng)所講話。1、動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用于系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)，區(qū)別方法是：①作表語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞與主語(yǔ)指的是同一件事，此時(shí)系動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于“是”，通常把主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的位置互換，語(yǔ)法和意思不變，例如：Myhobbyisswimming.可改為Swimmingismyhobby.（可將原句中的主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)位置互換）②現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)主要用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，不能與主語(yǔ)互換位置，例如：Thestoryisinteresting.不可改為：Interestingisthestory.2、動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾名詞，兩者的區(qū)別在于：動(dòng)名詞修飾名詞時(shí)主要表示該名詞的用途，而現(xiàn)在分詞修飾名詞時(shí)性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作等。試比較：①aswimmingboy和aswimmingsuit前者的意思是“一個(gè)正在游泳的男孩”，即aboywhoisswimming,現(xiàn)在分詞swimming表示被修飾名詞boy的動(dòng)作；而后者的意思是“游泳衣”，即asuitforswimming,動(dòng)名詞swimming表示suit的用途。②asleepingchild和asleepingcar前者的意思是“一個(gè)正在睡覺(jué)的孩子”，即achildwhoissleeping,現(xiàn)在分詞sleeping表示被修飾名詞child正處于的狀態(tài)；而后者的意思是“臥車（被用來(lái)睡覺(jué)的車廂）?,即acarwhichisusedforsleeping,動(dòng)名詞sleeping表示car的用途一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Peoplesituncomfortablyonplasticchairs,througholdmagazines,havebeenreadhundredsoftimespreviously.A．looking;allofthemB．look;eachofwhichC．looking,allofwhichD．look;eachofthat2．Findinghercarstolen,.A．itwaslookedforeverywhereB．a(chǎn)policemanwasaskedtohelpC．theareawassearchedthoroughlyD．shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp3．TracyMcgradyannouncedhisoperationdecisiontothepresswithoutinforminghisclub,leavinghisteammemberswhyhedidso.A．towonderB．wonderedC．wonderingD．wonder4．TellMarythatthereissomeoneforheratthedoor.A．waitingB．waitedC．waits5．Evenafterclass,wecanoftenseeanamiableprofessorbysomestudentsadviceontheirassignment.A．surrounded;seekingB．surrounding;seekingC．surrounded;soughtD．surrounding;sought6．therailwaystation,wehadabreak,onlythetrainhadleft.A．Arrivingat;tofindB．Arrivingat;findingC．Toarriveat;findingD．Toarriveat;tofind7．Theteachercamein,____theSs.A．followingB．followedC．havingfollowedD．beingfollowed8．Theguidelinesaimtopreventthegrowingpracticeofyoungchildreninawaythatpushesthembeyondwhatchildrenattheirageshouldlearn.A．educatedB．toeducateC．beingeducatedD．educating9．Standingatthetopofthemountain,wecaughtsightofariverover250metersbroad.A．measuredB．measuringC．measuresD．ismeasured10．Aspecialhigh-leveldialogueonenvironmentandclimateconvenedinJuly,withtheofficialstatement thatChinawouldstandreadytoworkwithEUtofurtherstrengthenthepolicycoordination.A．read11．Withexams,it’sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.A．a(chǎn)pproachingB．a(chǎn)pproachedC．toapproachD．a(chǎn)pproach12．Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,morepatientstobetreated.A．a(chǎn)llowedB．toallowC．a(chǎn)llowingD．beingallowed13．Thereisagreatdealofevidence______thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.A．indicateB．indicatingC．toindicateD．havingindicated14．Hisparentswenttoworkinthecity,himaloneinthecountryside.A．leavingB．toleave15．Thetrickyproblemthewholeclasswasstillunsolved.A．todefeatB．defeatedC．defeatingD．haddefeated16．Withhousingpricerapidly,Davidcouldnotaffordahouseonhisown.17．severaltimesbythepublishers,Charlotteestillkeptonwritingandeventuallyhadhernovelpublished.A．RejectingB．BeingrejectedC．HavingrejectedD．Havingbeenrejected18．Obamaadvisers,thecontinuedfocusonthematter,deniedtheywerebehindthescheme.A．benefitedfromB．benefitingC．benefitedD．benefitingfrom19．Herhusbanddiedin1980andhadnothingtoher,onlyherfivechildren.A．left;toleaveB．leaving,leavingC．leaving;leftD．left;leaving20．Thedancer’sincredibleperformancehadtheaudienceonitsfeet,for10minutesattheendoftheshow.A．clapB．clappedC．clappingD．tocl21．everythingintoconsideration,hislatestnovelisagreatsuccess.Nowonderithasgainedinpopularityamongreaders.A．Totake22．ofdangerinthestreetatnight,shedecidedtogohome,withafriendher.A．Warning;followingB．Havingwarned;followingC．Havingbeenwarned;followingD．Warned;followed23．Frightenedbythebullets,thefellowhidhisheadinthebushes,.A．whistledby;leavinghisbodyexposedB．waswhistledby;andlefthisbodybeingexposedC．whistlingby;leavinghisbodyexposedD．whistledby;lefthisbodybeingexposed24．—Doesthewayyouthoughtoftrafficvolumeduringrushhoursmakeanysense?—Itcertainlydoes;infact,itisamatureinitiativemanytimesinseveralmetropolises.A．toreduce;adoptedB．toreduce;havingbeenadoptedC．reducing;adoptedD．reducing;havingbeenadopted25．yesterday,wewentoutforawalk.A．ItbeingafinedayB．AsafinedayC．ItwasafinedayD．Foritwasafineday二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填寫(xiě)單詞26．Becauseofthebadweather,theflightwas(延遲)foracoupleofhours.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))27．Thoseparcelsareeasytobreak,sotheyneedtobe(處理)withcare.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))28．Thelaborclassexhaustedthestudents,(拖，拉)theirbodieshome.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))29．Policeare(責(zé)備)theaccidentondangerousdriving.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))30．GiventhatYuan’shybridshavemadehimquitewealthy,onemightthinkhewouldretiretoalifeof(悠閑).(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))31．Idon’twanttobe(悲觀的),butIdon’tseehowwecouldgetaway.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）32．Shehad(依賴)onthatfriendshiptoomuchandwaslostwithoutit.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）33．Ilookedatthemapto(使恢復(fù)精力，刷新)mymemoryoftheroad.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))參考答案：【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和定語(yǔ)從句。句意：人們不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上，翻看舊雜志，這些雜志以前都讀過(guò)幾百遍。分析句子可知，該句第一空為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，因lookthrough和邏輯主語(yǔ)People為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以為現(xiàn)在分詞形式。該句第二空為allof+連詞which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞oldmagazines和allof構(gòu)成allofoldmagazines在從句中作主語(yǔ)成分。故選C項(xiàng)。【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：發(fā)現(xiàn)她的車被偷了，她急忙去找警察求助。分析句子可知，空前是現(xiàn)在分詞，因此find和句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)中she和find之間構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系（主動(dòng)關(guān)系且符合語(yǔ)境；B項(xiàng)apoliceman雖然可以和find構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，但是不符合邏輯，與題意不符。故選【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：特雷西·麥克格雷迪在沒(méi)有通知俱樂(lè)部的情況下向媒體宣布了他的手術(shù)決定，這讓他的球隊(duì)成員很好奇他為什么這么做。分析句子，句中l(wèi)eavesb.doingsth.為固定句型，意為“留下某人做某事”，此處members與wonder之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，wonder意為“好奇”。故使用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故選C?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：告訴瑪麗有人在門(mén)口等她。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。不定代詞someone與wait之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故選A?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：即使在課后，我們也經(jīng)常能看到和藹可親的教授被一些學(xué)生圍繞著，向他們征求作業(yè)方面的建議。第一空see+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)，且surround與anamiableprofessor構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)；第二空seek與邏輯主語(yǔ)students構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故選A?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：到了火車站，我們休息了一下，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了。第一空為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)we與arriveat之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；第二空用不定式onlytodo作狀語(yǔ)，表示“意想不到的結(jié)果”?，F(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示“自然而然所帶來(lái)的結(jié)果”。故選A?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：老師進(jìn)來(lái)，跟在學(xué)生后面。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，follow與邏輯主語(yǔ)teacher之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“老師跟著學(xué)生”，如果是“學(xué)生跟著老師”，應(yīng)用followedby，故空處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。故選A項(xiàng)?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這些指導(dǎo)方針旨在抑制目前不斷發(fā)展的迫使受教育兒童超前學(xué)習(xí)他們應(yīng)學(xué)內(nèi)容的教育方式。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的謂語(yǔ)為aimto，所以educate在句中應(yīng)使用非謂語(yǔ)形式。邏輯主語(yǔ)children與educate之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。結(jié)合“目前”可知是“正在接受教育的方式”，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)beingdone。故選C?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：站在山頂上，我們看到一條250多米寬的河。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句子的謂語(yǔ)為caughtsightof，故設(shè)空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞measure，意為“（指尺寸、長(zhǎng)短、數(shù)量等）量度為”，與邏輯主語(yǔ)river為主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)。故選B項(xiàng)。【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：今年7月召開(kāi)了環(huán)境與氣候高層特別對(duì)話，官方聲明稱，中國(guó)愿與歐盟進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)政策協(xié)調(diào)。此處是“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)詞read與賓語(yǔ)officialstatement之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故選B項(xiàng)?！驹斀狻靠疾閣ith的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：隨著考試的臨近，復(fù)習(xí)課堂筆記是個(gè)好主意。exams與動(dòng)詞approach是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意的需要，表示考試“正在靠近”，因此使用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成“with+賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A項(xiàng)。【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這家醫(yī)院最近獲得了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備，可以治療更多的病人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，allow與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，表示意料之中的結(jié)果。故選C項(xiàng)。【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：有大量證據(jù)表明，音樂(lè)活動(dòng)與大腦的各個(gè)部分都有關(guān)。分析句子可知本句已有謂語(yǔ)，空處用非謂語(yǔ)；evidence與indicate之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)；故選B項(xiàng)?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他的父母到城里工作去了，留下他一個(gè)人在鄉(xiāng)下。根據(jù)句意可知他一人在鄉(xiāng)下是父母去城里打工所帶來(lái)的結(jié)果，句子主語(yǔ)Hisparents與leave之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系且分詞短語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作基本是同時(shí)的，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)的一般式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故選A項(xiàng)。class在句中為后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞problem，空處defeat與名詞problem為主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞。故選C?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：由于房?jī)r(jià)迅速上漲，大衛(wèi)自己買不起房子。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是with的符合結(jié)構(gòu)，即with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，又因?yàn)間oup和price之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故選C項(xiàng)?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：雖然被出版商拒絕了幾次，夏洛蒂仍然堅(jiān)持寫(xiě)作，最終她的小說(shuō)出版了。分析句子，句中kept為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。reject意為“拒絕”，Charlottee與其之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，同時(shí)該動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞keptonwriting之前，應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞完成被動(dòng)式結(jié)構(gòu)即havingbeendone。故選D。【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：奧巴馬的顧問(wèn)們從對(duì)此事的持續(xù)關(guān)注中獲益，他們否認(rèn)自己是該計(jì)劃的幕后主使。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)benefitfrom意為“得益于，從……中獲益”符合句意；句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知設(shè)空處在句中為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)Obamaadvisers與benefitfrom之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以設(shè)空處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)，填benefitingfrom。故選D。【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：她的丈夫于1980年去世，她一無(wú)所有，只留下五個(gè)孩子。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。第一空不定代詞nothing與leave之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。第二空邏輯主語(yǔ)Herhusband與leave之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示自然而然的結(jié)果，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故選D。【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：舞蹈演員令人難以置信的表演使觀眾站了起來(lái)，在表演結(jié)束時(shí)鼓掌長(zhǎng)達(dá)10分鐘。動(dòng)詞clap意為“鼓掌”，和謂語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有連詞，和邏輯主語(yǔ)audience構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。故選C?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：把一切都考慮在內(nèi)，他最新的小說(shuō)是非常成功的。難怪它在讀者中越來(lái)越受歡迎。句中takesthintoconsideration為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“考慮……”。句中is為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，hislatestnovel與take之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，即taking。故選B?！驹斀狻靠疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：有人提醒她夜間街上有危險(xiǎn)，她決定回家，一個(gè)朋友跟著她。分析句子可知，第一空作原因狀語(yǔ)，warn“提醒”和she邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處強(qiáng)調(diào)warn先于主句謂語(yǔ)decidedto發(fā)生，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式havingbeenwarned；第二空作with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，follow“跟隨”和afriend邏輯上是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式following。故選C?！驹斀狻靠疾楣潭ǘ陶Z(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那家伙被呼嘯而過(guò)的子彈嚇壞了，把頭藏在灌木叢里，身體暴露在外。分析句子可知，句中有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hid且句中無(wú)連詞，故空格處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。首先看空格一，涉及固定短語(yǔ)“whistleby”，意為“呼嘯而過(guò)”，bullets與whistleby之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，即呼嘯而過(guò)的動(dòng)作是子彈發(fā)出來(lái)的，故應(yīng)用whistleby的現(xiàn)在分詞形式whistlingby，在句中作bullets的后置定語(yǔ)，故空格一填whistlingby?？崭穸婕啊發(fā)eave+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，句子主語(yǔ)thefellow與leave之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，在leave的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語(yǔ)hisbody與expose之間為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即身體被暴露在外面，故應(yīng)用expose的過(guò)去分詞exposed作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，故空格二填leavinghisbodyexposed。故選C項(xiàng)。【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：——你所考慮的在交通高峰期減少交通量的方法有意義嗎？——確實(shí)有。實(shí)際上，它是一個(gè)已經(jīng)被幾個(gè)大都市采用的成熟倡議。根據(jù)句意可知，第一空為theway的后置定語(yǔ)，用不定式；第二空為名詞initiative“倡議”的后置定語(yǔ)，initiative與adopt是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且明顯發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is之前，故使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式。故選B項(xiàng)。【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：昨天天氣很好，我們出去散步了。A.Itbeingafineday這是一個(gè)好天氣；B.Asafineday就像晴朗的一天；C.Itwasafineday那是一個(gè)晴朗的日子；D.Foritwasafineday因?yàn)槟翘焯鞖夂芎?。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，went為句子的謂語(yǔ)，故be在句中作非謂語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為“天氣”，為it；邏輯主語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)之間是邏輯的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。故選A。26．delayed【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：由于天氣不好，航班延誤了幾個(gè)小時(shí)。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示“被延遲的”用delayed。故填delayed。27．handled【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那些包裹容易碎，所以搬運(yùn)時(shí)要小心。分析句子，句中needtobedone為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，they指代parcels與handle之間為被被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“被處理的”用handled。故填handled。28．dragging【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：勞動(dòng)課使學(xué)生們筋疲力盡，學(xué)生們拖著他們的身體回家。根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示可知，此處使用動(dòng)詞drag，與students是邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在副詞，作狀語(yǔ)。故填dragging。29．blaming【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：警方將事故歸咎于危險(xiǎn)駕駛。分析句子表示“歸咎于”用blame，此處表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，要現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填blaming。30．leisure【詳解】考查名詞。句意：鑒于袁隆平研發(fā)的雜交水稻讓他變得相當(dāng)富有，有人可能會(huì)認(rèn)為他會(huì)退休去過(guò)悠閑的生活。根據(jù)介詞“of”可知，空處應(yīng)為名詞，作賓語(yǔ)；根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，應(yīng)用leisure，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填leisure。31．pessimistic【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我不想悲觀，但我看不出我們?cè)趺茨芴用?。空格處位于be動(dòng)詞之后，因此需要填入形容詞作表語(yǔ)；根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知，pessimistic“悲觀的”符合題意。故填pessimistic。32．depended【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她太在乎這份友誼了，失去它以后她變得很迷茫。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，表示“依賴”含義的詞為depend，根據(jù)句意可知空白處表示的是一個(gè)在過(guò)去的某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，因空白處前面有助動(dòng)詞had，空白處填過(guò)去分詞，故填depended。33．refresh【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：我看了看地圖以重新記起那條路。表示“使恢復(fù)精力，刷新”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞refresh。根據(jù)“Ilookedatthemap”可知，此處是指看地圖的目的是重新記起那條路，所以應(yīng)用todo不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填refresh。三、根據(jù)中英文提示填寫(xiě)單詞34．Thenewfindinghasattractedbothd______(國(guó)內(nèi)的)andinternationalattention.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)35．Solarenergyhasbeenusedtog______(產(chǎn)生)electricityinsomecountries.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)36．Thec______(傳統(tǒng)的)wayoffarminghasbeenchallengedbymoderntechnology.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)37．TheyhaverefusedtoallowUNtroopstobestationedintheirt______(領(lǐng)土).(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)38．Thefencemarkstheb______(分界線)betweenthetwohouses.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)39．Computersarenowinw______(廣泛的)useallovertheworld.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))40．Sheisaneasy-goingpersonwithcharmingc______(特征).(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)41．Suetakesapositiveattitudetowardsherstudyandisalwayso______(樂(lè)觀的).(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)42．Thathasbeenourc______(一貫的；一致的)standintermsofthiskindofproblem.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)四、根據(jù)首字母填寫(xiě)單詞43．Playersshouldbejudgedontheirclarity,fluencyandalsopofideaswhendeliveringaspeech.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))44．Ayourselftoacquiringsomethingnovelrequiresdriveanddetermination.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))45．WhatpersonaltdoesBob’snephewhave?(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))五、完形填空MichaelGreenbergisaverypopularNewYorker.Heisnotfamousinsportsorthearts.Butpeopleinthestreets46him,especiallythosewhoare47.Forthosepeople,heis“Gloves”Greenberg.Howdidhegetthat48?Helookslikeanyotherbusinessman,wearingasuitandcarryingabriefcase(公文箱).Buthe’s49Hisbriefcasealwayshassomegloves.Inwinter,Mr.Greenbergdoesnot50likeotherNewYorkers,wholookatthesidewalkandhurrydownthestreet.Helooksaroundat51.Hestopswhenheseessomeonewithnogloves.Hegivesthemapairandthenhe52lookingformorepeoplewithcold53Onwinterdays,Mr.Greenberg54gloves.Duringtherestoftheyear,hebuysgloves.Peoplewhohaveheardabouthim55himgloves,andhehasmanyinhisapartment.Mr.Greenbergbegandoingthis21yearsago.Now,manypoorNewYorkersknowhimand56hisbehavior.Butpeoplewhodon’tknowhimaresometimes57him.Theydon’trealizethathejustwantstomakethem58.Itrunsinthefamily.Michael’sfatheralwayshelpedthepoorashebelieveditmadeeveryonehappier.MichaelGreenbergfeelsthe59.Apairofglovesmaybea60thing,butitcanmakeabigdifferenceinwinter.46．A．knowaboutB．learnfromC．cheerforD．lookafter47．A．old48．A．jobB．nameC．chance49．A．calmB．differentC．crazy51．A．carsB．peopleC．streetnumbersD．trafficlights52．A．holdsupB．hangsoutC．moveson54．A．searchesforB．storesupC．givesawayD．puts55．A．callB56．A．understandB．dislikeC．studyD．57．A．sorryforB．satisfiedwithC．proudofD．sur58．A．smartB．richC．special59．A．honorB．pain60．A．smallB．usefulC．delightfulD．comfortingAfterthefive-daycanoeingtrip,Iwavedgoodbyetomyfellow“l(fā)eadersintraining”andenteredtheunknownarea.Armedwithsomenecessary61things,Isuddenlyrealizedthatforthenext48hours,thesewouldbemyonlycompanions.StaringintotheforestofNorthernQuebecintheevening,withthe62settingonmyback,Iwasfrozenand63.Hittingsomanybugsinsummer,Iwondered,whose64wasthis?Whatbenefitwastheretospendingtwodays65withnothingbuttreesandbugs?Thenextmorning,a(n)66sleepingbagandheavyrainmademeunhappier,yetitwasundertheseconditionsthatIwasabletoclearlyexaminemylifeinawayIneverhadbefore.Asmysolo(單獨(dú)的)experiencetookitscourse,thesaying“Thequieteryoubecome,themoreyoucan67tookonawholenewmeaning.”Ihadbeeninthewildernessbefore;mostofmy68hadbeenspentoutdoorsclimbingmountainsinagroup.Butbeingherealonehadacompletelydifferenteffect.What69asaseeminglymeaninglessthingturnedintoabeneficialonethatIknewIwouldusefully.Whenitstartedtorain,Igotwet70Ihadn’tsetupmytarp(油布)correctly,whichwasmyfault.Therewasno-oneelseto71.TherealizationthatIwasresponsiblefor72alltimeandactionandovercomingallconflicthadanimmediateeffect.73Ibegantoseemyselfasanindividualgoodatovercomingchallengesofanenvironment.Asthehourswenton,Ibecameveryhungry.Strangely,74,thingsbecameclearer.Theunpleasantconditionshadinfactproducedagrowthprocess,onethatmademe75myroleasahumanbeing.Lookingback,Ivaluethosemomentsofmylyinginawets