易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)05動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

目錄

01易錯(cuò)陷阱（3大陷阱）

02舉一反三

【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)提醒一】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)提醒二】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)提醒三】主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

03易錯(cuò)題通關(guān)

易錯(cuò)陷阱1：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。

【分析】

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與always，often，sometimes，usually等連用或通過(guò)上下文表示。

常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或者通過(guò)上下文邏輯意思及動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)體現(xiàn)。

一般過(guò)去時(shí)

連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lastweek,in2021,3daysago,theotherday,inthepast

強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果和影響，通常與時(shí)間段連用。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：sofar,since,inthepast/last3days,uptonow

易錯(cuò)陷阱2：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。

【分析】

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)sofar,since,inthepast/last3days,uptonow

過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或時(shí)間之前發(fā)生的事。即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，句中必須出現(xiàn)表示過(guò)

過(guò)去完成時(shí)

去的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

Hehasbeenillfortwoweeks。他已經(jīng)病了兩個(gè)星期了。

對(duì)比Hehadbeenillfortwoweeksbeforeshecameback。

在她回來(lái)之前，他已經(jīng)病了兩個(gè)星期了。

易錯(cuò)陷阱3：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。

【分析】

受母語(yǔ)干擾，翻譯上下文時(shí)混淆被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

混淆謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)詞be+done與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重點(diǎn)過(guò)去分詞done。

不及物動(dòng)詞及表示主語(yǔ)品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：sell,read,write,lock,wash,drive等。

系動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：look看起來(lái),smell聞起來(lái),taste嘗起來(lái),sound聽(tīng)起來(lái),feel摸起來(lái),prove證

明時(shí),turnout結(jié)果，證明等。

【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)提醒一】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

【例1】（24-25高三上·河南·階段練習(xí)）Culturalreputationandsoaringsorghumcosts(see)Moutai

pricesskyrocketoverthepastfewyears.

易錯(cuò)分析：不關(guān)注句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)overthepastfewyears是失分原因。

【變式1】（24-25高三上·江蘇南通·期中）Throughoutcenturiesofhistory,theGrandCanalhasnurtured

abundanttownsandvillagesalongitspath.Manyanancienttown,preservedthroughtheagesthankstotheir

closerelationshipwiththecanal,(stand)asthefinestwitnessesofcivilization.

【變式2】（24-25高三上·湖南長(zhǎng)沙·階段練習(xí)）Inthatcenturyandmuchofthe20thcentury,theimmigrants

largely(flow)fromChina’ssouth-eastregions,mainlyGuangdongprovince.

【變式3】（24-25高三上·江西南昌·階段練習(xí)）ChinesehitvideogameBlackMyth:Wukong(take)

thegamingworldbystorm,sellingmorethan10millioncopiesacrossallplatformsoverjustthepastthreedays

afteritsrelease.

【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)提醒二】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

【例2】（24-25高三上·陜西西安·階段練習(xí)）Sofar,thegame’sunprecedentedsuccess(lead)toa

tourismboomastravelersseekdestinationswithancientarchitectureandaChinesefeel.

易錯(cuò)分析：本題出錯(cuò)主要因?yàn)楣潭ǘ陶Z(yǔ)記憶不牢及漢語(yǔ)翻譯已經(jīng)錯(cuò)誤聯(lián)想haddone運(yùn)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)則句中

要出現(xiàn)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或時(shí)間。要牢記現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)經(jīng)常搭配的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：since,sofar,uptonow,

in/over/duringthepastdays等。

【變式1】（24-25高三上·江蘇·階段練習(xí)）DeputyMayorofWaipaDistrictCouncil,LizStolwyknotedthatthis

wasthethirdtimethatWaipapeople(attend)bothexhibitions.

【變式2】（24-25高三上·河北·階段練習(xí)）Overthedecades,it(grow)tobecomeaculturalhub(樞

紐)thatiscentraltothecity’sidentity.

【變式3】（24-25高三上·廣東·階段練習(xí)）ArchingacrossthebordersofnorthernChinaandsouthernMongolia,

theremoteandruggedlandscapesoftheGobiDesert(capture)theimaginationofadventurers,

explorers,scientists,andartistssincetheageofMarcoPolo.

【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)提醒三】主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

【例3】（24-25高三上·河南駐馬店·階段練習(xí)）Theconcept(center)ontheideaof“newChinese-style

herbs”andtheTCMprinciplethat“foodandmedicinesharethesameorigin”.

易錯(cuò)分析：句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析錯(cuò)誤，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分析不當(dāng)，混淆謂語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和過(guò)去分詞都是錯(cuò)誤原因。

【變式1】（24-25高三上·江蘇泰州·期中）TheancientcitywallsandhistoricalsitesinNanjingstandaswitnesses

tothepassageoftime.Suzhou,anotherfamouscityinJiangsu,isknownforitsbeautifulclassicalgardens,which

arelikejewelsthat(craft)carefullyovercenturies.

【變式2】（2024·廣東湛江·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）AChinesefriendadvisedmetocallacertainnumber,andwithinminutes,

I(tell)thatsomeonefoundmydiaryandkeptitsafely.Iwasabletoclaimitthefollowingday.

【變式3】（2024·四川南充·一模）World-famouslandmarksliketheForbiddenCityandtheTian’anmenSquare

Complex,arealongtheAxis,andtheTempleofHeavenandtheAltaroftheGodofAgriculture(locate)

ontheeastandwestsidesoftheAxis.

1．Now,researchershaverecreatedtheshoesofonesoldierandanalysisofthem(suggest)thatshoes

wornbytheterracottasculpturesweresurprisinglyflexibleandslipresistant.

2．IftheTextalyzerbill(become)law,peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecell

phone.

3．Humanspeech(contain)morethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and“a”tothe

rareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.

4．He(swing)thecameraaroundtofacetheoppositedirection.

5．Lastyear,thetennisplayer(withdraw)fromseveraltournamentsduetoinjury.

6．Together,theyexperiencedkindness,________(visit)charities,andrescuedanimals,forminganunbreakable

bond.

7．InearlyNovemberin2023,adiver,swimmingoffthecoastofSardinia,(notice)piecesofmetalon

theoceanfloor.

8．Theseaport,situatedatthemouthoftheYangtzeriver,(grow)tocoveranareaof1.5squaremiles

sinceitwasopenedin1842.

9．ItisnosurprisethenthatChina’sHSRnetworkhastheattentionofthewholeworld.(grab)

10．Inthepastdecades,China’stransport(achieve)significantlysothatChinesepeoplehaveaccessto

variouswaysoftraveling.

11．Sofar,thenumberoftheworkersinthatfactory(decrease)by12percent.

12．Overtheyears,thearchitect(help)renovatearound20householdsinMutianyu,mostofwhich

nowoperateashotelsorrestaurants,whiledoinghisbesttopreservetheoriginalstructuresasmuchaspossible.

13．Sofar,Shandong(launch)manyculturaltourismprojects,makinggreatprogressindigginginto

thecultureandvalueoftheYellowRivertoboostthehigh-qualitydevelopmentoftheregion.

14．Forthesereasons,theyarepraisedas“coastalguardians”.Uptonow,China(establish)a

numberofprotectedareaswithmangroves.

15．Bytheendoflastyear,97percentofprimaryandsecondaryschoolsinZibo(complete)thedigital

transformation,with295schoolsestablishingsmartcampusesequippedwithmultimediaclassrooms.

16．Yearslater,havingmovedtoFrance,Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,onlytofindthatnoother

guest(arrive)andmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.

17．Hesaidtheteam(experiment)withdifferenttypesoffoodproducts,butthemodelstheygot

weren'tassuccessful.

18．Greatimportancehasbeen(attach)tothestudents’physicalexercisetokeepthemhealthyand

strong.

19．The“CleanPlate”campaignkickedoffinBeijingin2013andwasquickly(popular)acrossthe

countryandwasembracedwholeheartedlybythenation.

20．Whenclickingonlinkstodangerouswebsitesorsoftware,youmay（fool）intoprovidingpersonal

informationsuchaspasswords,usernamesorfinancialdetails.

21．Nowmanymodernsmartphones(equip)withcrash-detectiontechnologythatusesdatato

determinewhenacarcrashhasoccurred.

22．TheTerracottaArmy(兵馬俑)wasfoundin1974nearXi’an.Itisformedofmorethan8,000sculptures,

which(bury)alongsidetheemperorQinShiHuangmorethan2,200yearsago.

23．Momentslater,abombhittheUSSArizonaandRussell(throw)morethan100metersacrossthe

ship.

24．AkeymilestonewasthereleaseoftheHSRnetworkblueprintin2004,whentheplanforfourverticaland

fourhorizontal"corridors(put)forward.

25．Thechildren(drill)toleavetheclassroomquicklywhenthefirebellrang.

26．Thepassengers(delay)foranhourbecauseofthefrostyweather.

27．Thecouplejustgetsregisteredatthegovernmentoffice.Marriage(regard)asacardinalissue

sinceancienttimes.

28．Thekindoftreesisunderthreatandtenpercent(destroy)inhugewildfireslastsummer.

29．I(catch)inatrafficjamforoveranhour,otherwiseIwouldhavenotkeptyouwaitingforsucha

longtime.

30．Hewasdr